中国疾病预防控制中心周报最新文献

What is already known about this topic?: China's aging population has a heavy chronic disease burden. Existing research often overlooks health heterogeneity among older age groups, relies on mortality metrics, and lacks information on long-term disability trends.

What is added by this report?: This study reveals that all-cause mortality declined substantially, whereas years lived with disability (YLDs) remained stable. Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADOD) exhibited the fastest increase in mortality [average annual percent change (AAPC)=1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.63, 1.87]. Age-related hearing loss and falls dominated YLDs.

What are the implications for public health practice?: Public health strategies should shift from general approaches to age-tailored interventions. Integrating evidence-based stratified strategies is crucial for reducing disability and advancing Healthy China by 2030.

What is already known about this topic?: Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) is a vital measure of older adults' quality of life. Although its temporal trends and determinants have been examined in previous studies, spatial heterogeneity has often been underestimated, because most analyses were conducted at aggregated national or provincial levels, masking local variations due to limited data availability.

What is added by this report?: Compared with 2018, DFLE increased in 2023, and the urban-rural gap narrowed overall, with slower improvement in the western region. The determinants of DFLE varied by region, age, and urban-rural context.

What are the implications for public health practice?: Public health strategies should be tailored to urban and rural contexts. Priority should be given to strengthening healthcare access, social security systems, and climate-adaptive infrastructure, particularly in rural areas of western China.

What is already known about this topic?: Measles is a common infectious disease, and the global health community is working to eliminate it. However, recent measles outbreaks in several countries have posed challenges for China, which is close to eliminating the disease.

What is added by this report?: In Gansu Province, in 2024, the predominant measles virus (MeV) strains were found to be genotype D8, forming two distinct clusters. Notably, mutations within one of these clusters, at a critical diagnostic primer-binding site, could potentially affect the sensitivity of detection methods.

What are the implications for public health practice?: The findings suggest imported virus transmission. Sustaining vaccination programs in key areas and enhancing sensitive virus surveillance are critical for measles elimination efforts.

What is already known about this topic?: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is transmitted primarily through rodent excreta, with humans being universally susceptible to infection. Transmission via organ transplantation occurs rarely. The predominantly nonspecific clinical presentation in humans has contributed to LCMV remaining an underrecognized zoonotic pathogen.

What is added by this report?: This study provides the first serological confirmation of past LCMV infection among the general population in Gansu Province, with seroprevalence rates of 18.31% by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 1.97% by immunofluorescence analysis (IFA). Priority populations for targeted LCMV prevention and control interventions include rural residents, individuals with lower educational attainment, and agricultural workers.

What are the implications for public health practice?: LCMV clinical manifestations overlap with those of pathogens targeted by national sentinel surveillance systems; LCMV should be incorporated into future screening protocols for unidentified infectious agents.

What is already known about this topic?: The global incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) in the general population is 3-5 cases per 1,000 person-years, with the Asia-Pacific region reporting 3-10 cases per 1,000 person-years. This rate has been rising annually by 2.5%-5.0% and is high among older adults.

What is added by this report?: In 2024, the China Family Panel Study - covering a nationwide sample of 21,750 adults (≥16 years) across 25 provincial-level administrative divisions and cities (PLADs) in China - identified 813 cases of HZ. Among these 813 patients, 28.78% reported unmet outpatient care needs, and 36.36% had unmet inpatient care needs. The main factors associated with unmet healthcare needs were age and place of residence. Older adults demonstrated significantly low unmet outpatient needs, whereas urban residents experienced higher levels of unmet inpatient needs.

What are the implications for public health practice?: These findings highlight the need to advance equity and effectiveness of healthcare services for HZ patients. Strategic investments in health literacy and workforce development are essential to ensure that provider competencies align with community health needs.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination administered before viral exposure (i.e., prior to sexual debut) effectively prevents infection with vaccine-type HPV strains and associated diseases, including cervical cancer. To advance HPV vaccination efforts and cervical cancer prevention, China has incorporated the bivalent HPV vaccine (types 16/18) into its National Immunization Program (NIP) as a program vaccine. This Policy Note presents comprehensive technical and implementation guidelines for HPV vaccine deployment, encompassing guidance development methodology, target population definition, routine vaccination schedules, catch-up vaccination protocols, implementation strategies, vaccine coverage and adverse event monitoring plans, and anticipated implementation challenges with proposed mitigation measures. The Vaccine Technical Working Groups of the China CDC developed relevant technical recommendations and guidelines, which were officially issued in November 2025.

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective virus whose replication depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg). HBV/HDV coinfection represents the most severe form of viral hepatitis, substantially accelerating progression to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In response to the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2030 elimination target for viral hepatitis as a major public health threat, HDV elimination has emerged as one of the most formidable challenges, driven by its unique biological characteristics, widespread underdiagnosis, and historical absence of effective therapies. This article reviews key global advances in HDV epidemiology, screening and diagnosis, therapeutic development, and public health strategies. We provide an in-depth analysis of current barriers to elimination and offer strategic insights to guide future control efforts.

What is already known about this topic?: The circulating strain in the recent Chikungunya fever outbreak in Guangdong Province belongs to the East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotype. However, the specific mutations in the viral genome remained unclear.

What is added by this report?: This study conducted whole-genome sequencing of viral sequences from clinical samples. The results confirmed that the epidemic strain belongs to the Middle African Lineage (MAL) within the ECSA genotype, not the Indian Ocean Lineage (IOL). Further analysis of nucleotide mutations revealed several adaptive mutations compared with the S27 genomic sequence (NC_004162), such as E1-A226V, E2-L210Q, and E2-I211T.

What are the implications for public health practice?: Based on previous genomic surveillance and pathogen studies, mutations like E1-A226V, E2-L210Q, and E2-I211T were generally considered characteristic of IOL within the ECSA genotype and are known to enhance viral replication and transmission efficiency in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. This study identifies the circulating strain in Guangdong belongs to MAL, which is phylogenetically distinct from IOL, yet also carries these mutations. This suggests these may represent adaptive changes in the MAL strain to a new mosquito host. In Guangdong Province, Ae. albopictus is the predominant mosquito species, while the distribution of Ae. aegypti is relatively limited. The ecological predominance of Ae. albopictus likely serves as a key contributing factor facilitating the rapid importation and subsequent widespread dissemination of the current epidemic strain.