Objective: Bartonellosis is a global vector-borne zoonosis caused by Bartonella, a genus of intracellular Gram-negative bacteria. It is one of 14 emerging infectious diseases that have recently been identified in China, and the prevalence varies by region. A more in-depth understanding is needed regarding the role and influencing factors of ticks in the transmission of Bartonella, including the infection rate of ticks with Bartonella in different regions. This study explored the prevalence of Bartonella in ticks and the factors that influence it.
Methods: Databases (PubMed, Embase, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WanFang) were searched to review the preliminary research on Bartonella-carrying ticks in China.
Results: We identified and included 22 articles. Bartonella infection rates in ticks varied from 0 to 22.79% examined by the included studies. Our meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of Bartonella in ticks was 3.15% (95% CI: 1.22 - 5.82%); the prevalence was higher in parasitic ticks (4.90%; 95% CI: 1.39 -10.14%) than ticks seeking hosts (1.42%; 95% CI: 0.62 - 2.50%) (P = 0.047).
Conclusion: The prevalence of Bartonella in the southern region of China (6.45%) was higher than that in the northern region (1.28%) (P = 0.030). Knowledge of ticks' vectors and reservoir competence is crucial to reduce the disease burden.
{"title":"Prevalence of Tick Infection with Bartonella in China: A Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Yuhua Wang, Ruishan Li, Ting Yin, Zhen He, Zhenhua Lu, Zhongjun Shao, Yong Long","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00893-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00893-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bartonellosis is a global vector-borne zoonosis caused by Bartonella, a genus of intracellular Gram-negative bacteria. It is one of 14 emerging infectious diseases that have recently been identified in China, and the prevalence varies by region. A more in-depth understanding is needed regarding the role and influencing factors of ticks in the transmission of Bartonella, including the infection rate of ticks with Bartonella in different regions. This study explored the prevalence of Bartonella in ticks and the factors that influence it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases (PubMed, Embase, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WanFang) were searched to review the preliminary research on Bartonella-carrying ticks in China.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified and included 22 articles. Bartonella infection rates in ticks varied from 0 to 22.79% examined by the included studies. Our meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of Bartonella in ticks was 3.15% (95% CI: 1.22 - 5.82%); the prevalence was higher in parasitic ticks (4.90%; 95% CI: 1.39 -10.14%) than ticks seeking hosts (1.42%; 95% CI: 0.62 - 2.50%) (P = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of Bartonella in the southern region of China (6.45%) was higher than that in the northern region (1.28%) (P = 0.030). Knowledge of ticks' vectors and reservoir competence is crucial to reduce the disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00916-w
Samar M Ibrahium, Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki, Saleh Al-Quraishy, Khaled M Hassan, Ahmed O Hassan, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Rahim, Waleed M Arafa, Shawky M Aboelhadid, Sahar M Gadelhaq
{"title":"Correction: Efficacy of d-Limonene Nanoemulsion Against Rhipicephalus Annulatus and Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Ticks.","authors":"Samar M Ibrahium, Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki, Saleh Al-Quraishy, Khaled M Hassan, Ahmed O Hassan, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Rahim, Waleed M Arafa, Shawky M Aboelhadid, Sahar M Gadelhaq","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00916-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00916-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00884-1
Asmaa M El-Kady, Hayam Elshazly, Muslimah N Alsulami, Haleema H Albohiri, Eman Abdullah Alshehri, Mashael S Alfaifi, Khalil Mohamed, Majed H Wakid, Hattan S Gattan, Sarah A Altwaim, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Ghaliah H Almalki, Iman A M Abdel-Rahman, Hatem A Elshabrawy, Salwa Younis
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infects one third of the world's population with significant illness, mainly among immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women. Treatment options for toxoplasmosis are limited which signifies the need for novel, potent, and safe therapeutic options. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) in treating mice infected with the RH T. gondii strain.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify components of ethanolic extract of Z. officinale. A total of 80 mice were randomly allocated into four experimental groups that contained 20 mice each. The first group was left uninfected (uninfected control), while three groups were infected with T. gondii RH virulent strain tachyzoites at 2500 tachyzoites/mouse. One infected group was left untreated (infected, untreated), whereas the other two groups were treated orally with either spiramycin (positive control) or Z. officinale ethanolic extract at doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively for 5 days, starting the day of infection. Ten mice from each group were used to assess mice survival in different groups, whereas the other ten mice in each group were sacrificed on the 5th day post-infectin (dpi) to estimate the treatment efficacy by quantifying liver parasite load, liver function, nitric oxide (NO) production, and levels of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, histopathological studies were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Z. officinale treatment on toxoplasmosis-induced pathological alterations in liver, brain, and spleen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with Z. officinale ethanolic extract extended the survival of mice till 9th dpi compared to 7th dpi in infected untreated mice. Higher percentage of mice survived in Z. officinale-treated group compared to spiramycin-treatment group at different time points. Liver parasite loads were significantly lower in Z. officinale extract-treated mice and spiramycin-treated mice compared to infected untreated mice which correlated with significantly lower levels of serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as significantly higher catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of tachyzoites from the peritoneal fluid revealed marked damage in tachyzoites from Z. officinale-treated group compared to that from infected untreated mice. Moreover, treatment with Z. officinale ethanolic extract alleviated infection-induced pathological alterations and restored normal tissue morphology of liver, brain, and spleen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that Z. officinale treatment reduced parasite burden and reversed histopathological and biochemical alterations in acute murine toxoplasmosis. These findings support the potential utility of Z. officinale
{"title":"Zingiber officinale Ameliorates Acute Toxoplasmosis-Induced Pathology in Mice.","authors":"Asmaa M El-Kady, Hayam Elshazly, Muslimah N Alsulami, Haleema H Albohiri, Eman Abdullah Alshehri, Mashael S Alfaifi, Khalil Mohamed, Majed H Wakid, Hattan S Gattan, Sarah A Altwaim, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Ghaliah H Almalki, Iman A M Abdel-Rahman, Hatem A Elshabrawy, Salwa Younis","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00884-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00884-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infects one third of the world's population with significant illness, mainly among immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women. Treatment options for toxoplasmosis are limited which signifies the need for novel, potent, and safe therapeutic options. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) in treating mice infected with the RH T. gondii strain.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify components of ethanolic extract of Z. officinale. A total of 80 mice were randomly allocated into four experimental groups that contained 20 mice each. The first group was left uninfected (uninfected control), while three groups were infected with T. gondii RH virulent strain tachyzoites at 2500 tachyzoites/mouse. One infected group was left untreated (infected, untreated), whereas the other two groups were treated orally with either spiramycin (positive control) or Z. officinale ethanolic extract at doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively for 5 days, starting the day of infection. Ten mice from each group were used to assess mice survival in different groups, whereas the other ten mice in each group were sacrificed on the 5th day post-infectin (dpi) to estimate the treatment efficacy by quantifying liver parasite load, liver function, nitric oxide (NO) production, and levels of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, histopathological studies were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Z. officinale treatment on toxoplasmosis-induced pathological alterations in liver, brain, and spleen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with Z. officinale ethanolic extract extended the survival of mice till 9th dpi compared to 7th dpi in infected untreated mice. Higher percentage of mice survived in Z. officinale-treated group compared to spiramycin-treatment group at different time points. Liver parasite loads were significantly lower in Z. officinale extract-treated mice and spiramycin-treated mice compared to infected untreated mice which correlated with significantly lower levels of serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as significantly higher catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of tachyzoites from the peritoneal fluid revealed marked damage in tachyzoites from Z. officinale-treated group compared to that from infected untreated mice. Moreover, treatment with Z. officinale ethanolic extract alleviated infection-induced pathological alterations and restored normal tissue morphology of liver, brain, and spleen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that Z. officinale treatment reduced parasite burden and reversed histopathological and biochemical alterations in acute murine toxoplasmosis. These findings support the potential utility of Z. officinale ","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00919-7
Shan Li, Yuling Shen, Ting Li, Yanqing Shi
Background: Colonic schistosomiasis is a significant health issue in endemic areas, presenting diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific clinical symptoms and radiographic features. This case report highlights a patient with concomitant colorectal cancer and chronic Schistosoma japonicum infection, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach.
Case presentation: A 67-year-old male from an endemic region presented with a six-month history of intermittent hematochezia. Initial colonoscopy revealed multiple mucosal elevations in the sigmoid colon and rectum. Subsequent investigations, including CT scans and endoscopic ultrasonography, indicated high echogenic changes and multiple lesions. The patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), revealing adenocarcinoma of the rectal mucosa and tubular adenoma in the sigmoid colon, both with extensive deposition of Schistosoma japonicum eggs. Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with chronic schistosomiasis.
Conclusion: This case underscores the diagnostic complexity of colonic schistosomiasis, particularly when coexisting with malignancy. The integration of colonoscopy, histopathology, and auxiliary tests is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for schistosomiasis in patients from endemic areas presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. Regular screening and detailed medical histories are essential for early detection and treatment, improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of misdiagnosis.
{"title":"Colorectal Cancer Complicated with Chronic Schistosoma Japonicum Infected: A Case Report.","authors":"Shan Li, Yuling Shen, Ting Li, Yanqing Shi","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00919-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00919-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colonic schistosomiasis is a significant health issue in endemic areas, presenting diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific clinical symptoms and radiographic features. This case report highlights a patient with concomitant colorectal cancer and chronic Schistosoma japonicum infection, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 67-year-old male from an endemic region presented with a six-month history of intermittent hematochezia. Initial colonoscopy revealed multiple mucosal elevations in the sigmoid colon and rectum. Subsequent investigations, including CT scans and endoscopic ultrasonography, indicated high echogenic changes and multiple lesions. The patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), revealing adenocarcinoma of the rectal mucosa and tubular adenoma in the sigmoid colon, both with extensive deposition of Schistosoma japonicum eggs. Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with chronic schistosomiasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores the diagnostic complexity of colonic schistosomiasis, particularly when coexisting with malignancy. The integration of colonoscopy, histopathology, and auxiliary tests is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for schistosomiasis in patients from endemic areas presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. Regular screening and detailed medical histories are essential for early detection and treatment, improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of misdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00911-1
Naunain Mehmood, Shafiah Zulfiqar, Hira Muqaddas, Muhammad Hasnain, Yadong Zheng, Habtye Bisetegn, Fahad Ahmed, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Furhan Iqbal
Purpose: Fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease spread by genus Fasciola that causes considerable health and economic losses to both humans and livestock. Pakistan is an endemic region for fascioliasis and only a few molecular studies have been conducted to describe the etiology of disease in the country.
Methods: Current study involved the molecular characterization of adult fluke specimens (n = 31) through ITS-1 region of rDNA collected from four host species (sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes) of district Sargodha. Moreover, coprology based epidemiology (n = 28620) and association of different risk factors with disease prevalence was also determined. Additionally, an overview of prevalence of fascioliasis in Pakistan, including molecular studies in the four provinces and livestock species, was also carried out.
Results: The phylogenetic analysis revealed that Fasciola gigantica was the main etiological agent infecting the livestock species of this region. The coprological survey revealed an overall prevalence of 30.18% among the livestock species (sheep = 32.31%, goats = 30.67%, cattle = 31.01%, buffaloes = 25.23%). It was inferred that females were slightly more susceptible to infection (32.59%) and that the older age group had higher infection rate (34.01%) in all the host species.
Conclusion: The current study suggests that fascioliasis is a disease of primary concern indicating its status as one of the prevalent diseases affecting livestock in this region. It was also concluded that both Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica existed among the infected animals in addition to presence of hybrid/intermediate form in Pakistan with F. gigantica as dominant species in Punjab province.
{"title":"Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fasciola gigantica Based on ITS-1 Genetic Marker and copro-epidemiological Survey from Ruminants of Pakistan.","authors":"Naunain Mehmood, Shafiah Zulfiqar, Hira Muqaddas, Muhammad Hasnain, Yadong Zheng, Habtye Bisetegn, Fahad Ahmed, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Furhan Iqbal","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00911-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00911-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease spread by genus Fasciola that causes considerable health and economic losses to both humans and livestock. Pakistan is an endemic region for fascioliasis and only a few molecular studies have been conducted to describe the etiology of disease in the country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Current study involved the molecular characterization of adult fluke specimens (n = 31) through ITS-1 region of rDNA collected from four host species (sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes) of district Sargodha. Moreover, coprology based epidemiology (n = 28620) and association of different risk factors with disease prevalence was also determined. Additionally, an overview of prevalence of fascioliasis in Pakistan, including molecular studies in the four provinces and livestock species, was also carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The phylogenetic analysis revealed that Fasciola gigantica was the main etiological agent infecting the livestock species of this region. The coprological survey revealed an overall prevalence of 30.18% among the livestock species (sheep = 32.31%, goats = 30.67%, cattle = 31.01%, buffaloes = 25.23%). It was inferred that females were slightly more susceptible to infection (32.59%) and that the older age group had higher infection rate (34.01%) in all the host species.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study suggests that fascioliasis is a disease of primary concern indicating its status as one of the prevalent diseases affecting livestock in this region. It was also concluded that both Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica existed among the infected animals in addition to presence of hybrid/intermediate form in Pakistan with F. gigantica as dominant species in Punjab province.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00862-7
Carolina Isabel Olivera-Pérez, Omar Lagunas-Calvo, Vianney Cortés-González, Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa, Luis García-Prieto, Samuel Peña-Ortiz, Luis Alfonso Hernández-Piñamora, Miriam Erandi Reyna-Fabián
Purpose: Human ophthalmomyiasis is a rare ocular parasitosis that results from the accidental infestation of dipteran larvae of several species, including Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1758). This study aims to present the fourth documented human case of ophthalmomyiasis in Mexico, identifying the etiological agent through morphological and molecular analyses. Additionally, we investigated the phylogenetic position and genetic distances among different specimens globally characterized based on mitochondrial Cox1 sequences.
Methods: A total of five larval specimens were extracted from the patient's eye, with two specimens allocated for identification based on morphological features using a stereomicroscope, and the remaining three preserved in absolute ethanol, one of them used for subsequent analysis using molecular methods. The mitochondrial Cox1 region was amplified and sequenced using automated Sanger sequencing. The resulting sequence was deposited in GenBank under accession number OR440699 and subjected to BlastN analysis against 35 other Cox1 sequences of O. ovis from GenBank. The identity and phylogenetic position of the strains were further explored using parsimony and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods.
Results: Morphological examination of the larval specimens extracted from the patient's eye unequivocally identified them as O. ovis species. BlastN analysis and comprehensive phylogenetic investigations involving a total of 36 Cox1 sequences confirmed the taxonomic identity of the larvae. Notably, our sequence was positioned within the cluster formed by the Brazilian and two Iranian samples. This finding underscores a shared genetic ancestry among these distinct geographical isolates and provides valuable insights into the evolutionary relationships within O. ovis populations.
Conclusion: The presence of O. ovis infestation in Mexico City suggests potential shifts in environmental conditions favoring fly proliferation, highlighting the need for vigilance in urban healthcare settings.
{"title":"First Molecular Diagnosis of Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1758) Larvae Causing Conjunctival Ophthalmomyiasis in Mexico City, Mexico.","authors":"Carolina Isabel Olivera-Pérez, Omar Lagunas-Calvo, Vianney Cortés-González, Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa, Luis García-Prieto, Samuel Peña-Ortiz, Luis Alfonso Hernández-Piñamora, Miriam Erandi Reyna-Fabián","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00862-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00862-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Human ophthalmomyiasis is a rare ocular parasitosis that results from the accidental infestation of dipteran larvae of several species, including Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1758). This study aims to present the fourth documented human case of ophthalmomyiasis in Mexico, identifying the etiological agent through morphological and molecular analyses. Additionally, we investigated the phylogenetic position and genetic distances among different specimens globally characterized based on mitochondrial Cox1 sequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of five larval specimens were extracted from the patient's eye, with two specimens allocated for identification based on morphological features using a stereomicroscope, and the remaining three preserved in absolute ethanol, one of them used for subsequent analysis using molecular methods. The mitochondrial Cox1 region was amplified and sequenced using automated Sanger sequencing. The resulting sequence was deposited in GenBank under accession number OR440699 and subjected to BlastN analysis against 35 other Cox1 sequences of O. ovis from GenBank. The identity and phylogenetic position of the strains were further explored using parsimony and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological examination of the larval specimens extracted from the patient's eye unequivocally identified them as O. ovis species. BlastN analysis and comprehensive phylogenetic investigations involving a total of 36 Cox1 sequences confirmed the taxonomic identity of the larvae. Notably, our sequence was positioned within the cluster formed by the Brazilian and two Iranian samples. This finding underscores a shared genetic ancestry among these distinct geographical isolates and provides valuable insights into the evolutionary relationships within O. ovis populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of O. ovis infestation in Mexico City suggests potential shifts in environmental conditions favoring fly proliferation, highlighting the need for vigilance in urban healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9
John Albert C Ricafort, John Benedict C Ricafort, Loida M Recopuerto-Medina, Nikki Heherson A Dagamac
Introduction: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Necator americanus) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur.
Objectives: To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur.
Methodology: The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results: The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and A. lumbricoides caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation.
Conclusion: This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.
{"title":"Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines.","authors":"John Albert C Ricafort, John Benedict C Ricafort, Loida M Recopuerto-Medina, Nikki Heherson A Dagamac","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Necator americanus) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and A. lumbricoides caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00902-2
Priyanka Ghosh, Dibyapriya Roy Chowdhury, Pujayita Devgupta, Tapati Chakraborti
Purpose: The parasitic disease leishmaniasis is responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. The visceral form is the most severe form of leishmaniasis (or leishmaniosis), which is caused predominantly by Leishmania donovani. Currently, clinically recommended antileishmanial drugs are not convenient because of several medical complications and resistance issues. Phytocompounds are the best candidates in this regard. The present study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial activity of Averrhoa carambola leaf extract.
Methods: The antipromastigote activity and cytotoxicity were assessed using the MTT assay. Morphological distortions were determined using phase contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, nonprotein thiol depletion and apoptotic death in promastigotes were determined via flow cytometry. UV-visible spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was performed for elemental analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LCMS) were used to characterize the phytocomponent(s) present in the extract.
Results: The chloroform extract of Averrhoa carambola leaf (ACCEX) (IC50 = 50.76 ± 1.7 µg/mL) exhibited the highest activity, followed by the ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol extracts. ACCEX has also exhibited lower toxicity towards host macrophages. ACCEX also induced morphological distortions in promastigotes, with significant generation of ROS and the concomitant apoptosis initiation followed by a decrease in the nonprotein thiol level. The major phytometabolites present in ACCEX were identified from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database and from a literature review.
Conclusions: This study suggested that Averrhoa carambola leaf extracts are rich in some classes of biologically active phytocompounds and exhibit good antileishmanial activity.
{"title":"Averrhoa carambola Leaf Extract Induces Apoptosis-Like Death with Increased ROS Generation in Leishmania donovani.","authors":"Priyanka Ghosh, Dibyapriya Roy Chowdhury, Pujayita Devgupta, Tapati Chakraborti","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00902-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00902-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The parasitic disease leishmaniasis is responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. The visceral form is the most severe form of leishmaniasis (or leishmaniosis), which is caused predominantly by Leishmania donovani. Currently, clinically recommended antileishmanial drugs are not convenient because of several medical complications and resistance issues. Phytocompounds are the best candidates in this regard. The present study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial activity of Averrhoa carambola leaf extract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antipromastigote activity and cytotoxicity were assessed using the MTT assay. Morphological distortions were determined using phase contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, nonprotein thiol depletion and apoptotic death in promastigotes were determined via flow cytometry. UV-visible spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was performed for elemental analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LCMS) were used to characterize the phytocomponent(s) present in the extract.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The chloroform extract of Averrhoa carambola leaf (AC<sub>CEX</sub>) (IC<sub>50</sub> = 50.76 ± 1.7 µg/mL) exhibited the highest activity, followed by the ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol extracts. AC<sub>CEX</sub> has also exhibited lower toxicity towards host macrophages. AC<sub>CEX</sub> also induced morphological distortions in promastigotes, with significant generation of ROS and the concomitant apoptosis initiation followed by a decrease in the nonprotein thiol level. The major phytometabolites present in AC<sub>CEX</sub> were identified from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database and from a literature review.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggested that Averrhoa carambola leaf extracts are rich in some classes of biologically active phytocompounds and exhibit good antileishmanial activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00867-2
Fatma Bursali
Purpose: Aedes aegypti (L.,1762) is a primary vector of arboviral infections like dengue, yellow fever, Zika. Female mosquitoes are influenced by various physical and chemical cues from host when blood feeding, e.g., they find some individuals with certain blood types or certain conditions more attractive than others. This study determined whether Ae. aegypti shows a preference when offered blood from a patient with diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disorder associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, compared to healthy blood from non-DMs.
Methods: In the dual feeding experiments, forty newly emerged female mosquitoes were provided with two blood feeding systems with blood from a non-diabetic (healthy) and diabetic patient using artificial feeders. Blood from 12 diabetic and 12 non-diabetic patients was matched by ABO blood type (e.g., diabetic type O blood was compared with non-diabetic type O blood). The number of mosquitoes that landed and fed from each membrane was counted every 2 min for thirty minutes.
Results: Ae. aegypti species significantly preferred for blood from non-diabetic individuals (50-65% among the different blood type groups) compared to blood from diabetic individuals. Using multiplex allele-specific PCR it was also determined that, Ae. aegypti significantly preferred the O blood group regardless of blood sugar level compared to others.
Conclusion: Ae. aegypti has less preference for diabetic blood to non-diabetics. Regardless people affected with this condition need to take preventive measures to reduce mosquito bites as they tend to have weaker immune systems and can experience more severe cases of dengue.
目的:埃及伊蚊(L.,1762 年)是登革热、黄热病、寨卡等虫媒病毒感染的主要病媒。雌蚊在吸血时会受到来自宿主的各种物理和化学线索的影响,例如,它们会发现某些血型或某些条件的个体比其他个体更有吸引力。本研究确定了埃及姬蚊在吸食糖尿病(DM)患者(一种与葡萄糖代谢异常有关的内分泌疾病)的血液时,与吸食非糖尿病患者的健康血液相比,是否会表现出偏好:在双重喂养实验中,使用人工喂养器为 40 只新出现的雌蚊提供了两种血液喂养系统,分别是来自非糖尿病患者(健康)和糖尿病患者的血液。12 名糖尿病患者和 12 名非糖尿病患者的血液按 ABO 血型进行配对(例如,糖尿病 O 型血与非糖尿病 O 型血进行比较)。在 30 分钟内,每隔 2 分钟对从每层膜上降落和取食的蚊子数量进行计数:结果:与糖尿病患者的血液相比,埃及姬蚊更喜欢非糖尿病患者的血液(在不同血型组中占 50-65%)。利用多重等位基因特异性 PCR 技术还确定,与其他血型相比,埃及姬蜂明显偏爱 O 型血,而与血糖水平无关:结论:埃及姬蚊对糖尿病患者血液的偏好低于非糖尿病患者。无论如何,患有这种疾病的人需要采取预防措施,减少蚊虫叮咬,因为他们的免疫系统往往较弱,可能会经历更严重的登革热病例。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Blood Feeding Preference of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) when Offered Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Blood.","authors":"Fatma Bursali","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00867-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00867-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aedes aegypti (L.,1762) is a primary vector of arboviral infections like dengue, yellow fever, Zika. Female mosquitoes are influenced by various physical and chemical cues from host when blood feeding, e.g., they find some individuals with certain blood types or certain conditions more attractive than others. This study determined whether Ae. aegypti shows a preference when offered blood from a patient with diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disorder associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, compared to healthy blood from non-DMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the dual feeding experiments, forty newly emerged female mosquitoes were provided with two blood feeding systems with blood from a non-diabetic (healthy) and diabetic patient using artificial feeders. Blood from 12 diabetic and 12 non-diabetic patients was matched by ABO blood type (e.g., diabetic type O blood was compared with non-diabetic type O blood). The number of mosquitoes that landed and fed from each membrane was counted every 2 min for thirty minutes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ae. aegypti species significantly preferred for blood from non-diabetic individuals (50-65% among the different blood type groups) compared to blood from diabetic individuals. Using multiplex allele-specific PCR it was also determined that, Ae. aegypti significantly preferred the O blood group regardless of blood sugar level compared to others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ae. aegypti has less preference for diabetic blood to non-diabetics. Regardless people affected with this condition need to take preventive measures to reduce mosquito bites as they tend to have weaker immune systems and can experience more severe cases of dengue.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00900-4
Archimède Mushagalusa Mulega, Imane Rahmouni, Nikol Kmentová, Gyrhaiss Kapepula Kasembele, Pascal Mulungula Masilya, Abdelaziz Benhoussa, Maarten Van Steenberge, Maarten P M Vanhove
Purpose: Studies on monogeneans parasitizing representatives of Siluriformes in Africa remain scarce and fragmentary. In order to contribute to fill this gap, we screened Heterobranchus longifilis from the Lindi River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Methods: Heterobranchus longifilis was purchased from fishermen in DR Congo, province of Tshopo, in Kisangani town, the Lindi River. The monogeneans were individually isolated from the gill and transferred directly onto a slide in a drop of Hoyer's medium.
Results: Quadriacanthus lindiensis n. sp. is morphologically similar to Quadriacanthus longifilisi. However, it is distinguished from the latter by its non-sclerotized vagina, its dorsal cunei shape and the size of its bars.
Conclusion: Only Q. lindiensis n. sp. was found on the gills of the single individual of H. longifilis screened. In the future, a representative sampling should enable us to verify if Q. lindiensis n. sp. co-occurs with other species known to parasitize H. longifilis.
目的:关于寄生于非洲绢鱼类代表种的单基因动物的研究仍然很少且零散。为了填补这一空白,我们对来自刚果民主共和国林迪河(Lindi River)的长鳍异鳃鱼(Heterobranchus longifilis)进行了筛选。从鳃中单独分离出单胞藻,并将其直接转移到滴有霍耶氏培养基的载玻片上:结果:Quadriacanthus lindiensis n. sp.在形态上与 Quadriacanthus longifilisi 相似。然而,它与后者的区别在于后者的阴道无硬质化、背部楔形以及条纹的大小:结论:在筛查到的长鳍鳕个体的鳃上只发现了 Q. lindiensis n. sp.。未来,有代表性的取样将使我们能够验证 Q. lindiensis n. sp.是否与其他已知寄生于龙利鱼的物种共存。
{"title":"Quadriacanthus (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) from Catfishes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Description of a New Species from Heterobranchus longifilis (Teleostei, Clariidae).","authors":"Archimède Mushagalusa Mulega, Imane Rahmouni, Nikol Kmentová, Gyrhaiss Kapepula Kasembele, Pascal Mulungula Masilya, Abdelaziz Benhoussa, Maarten Van Steenberge, Maarten P M Vanhove","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00900-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00900-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Studies on monogeneans parasitizing representatives of Siluriformes in Africa remain scarce and fragmentary. In order to contribute to fill this gap, we screened Heterobranchus longifilis from the Lindi River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Heterobranchus longifilis was purchased from fishermen in DR Congo, province of Tshopo, in Kisangani town, the Lindi River. The monogeneans were individually isolated from the gill and transferred directly onto a slide in a drop of Hoyer's medium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quadriacanthus lindiensis n. sp. is morphologically similar to Quadriacanthus longifilisi. However, it is distinguished from the latter by its non-sclerotized vagina, its dorsal cunei shape and the size of its bars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Only Q. lindiensis n. sp. was found on the gills of the single individual of H. longifilis screened. In the future, a representative sampling should enable us to verify if Q. lindiensis n. sp. co-occurs with other species known to parasitize H. longifilis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}