Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065414
M. M. de Carvalho, R. L. Medeiros, I. Bessa, F. A. C. Júnior, Kevin E. Lucas, David A. Vaca
The increasing demand for low-carbon power and concerns about the environment resulted in the proliferation of alternative sources of energy. Among these sources, the photovoltaic systems stand out. However, these systems produce energy in direct current and require power inverters to connect them to the electric grid. For this connection to be realized the generated signal must have the same parameters of amplitude, phase, and frequency of the electrical network. In this sense, Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) controllers are used to synchronize the output signal with the network signal. For this type of system there are several topologies, such as PLL Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF-PLL), Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (SOGI-PLL), Enhanced PLL (EPLL) and Quadrature PLL (QPLL). This work proposes to compare these four controller topologies applied to the inverter of the photovoltaic system connected to the electric grid.
{"title":"Comparison of the PLL Control techniques applied in Photovoltaic System","authors":"M. M. de Carvalho, R. L. Medeiros, I. Bessa, F. A. C. Júnior, Kevin E. Lucas, David A. Vaca","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065414","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for low-carbon power and concerns about the environment resulted in the proliferation of alternative sources of energy. Among these sources, the photovoltaic systems stand out. However, these systems produce energy in direct current and require power inverters to connect them to the electric grid. For this connection to be realized the generated signal must have the same parameters of amplitude, phase, and frequency of the electrical network. In this sense, Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) controllers are used to synchronize the output signal with the network signal. For this type of system there are several topologies, such as PLL Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF-PLL), Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (SOGI-PLL), Enhanced PLL (EPLL) and Quadrature PLL (QPLL). This work proposes to compare these four controller topologies applied to the inverter of the photovoltaic system connected to the electric grid.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86325400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065770
Augusto Hayashi, M. Brito, J. Onofre, Lourenço MatakasJunior, R. Cordero, Luigi GalottoJunior
The Stiling engine converts heat in mechanical energy based on the Stirling cycle, which is the most similar to the Carnot cycle. For that reason, Stirling engine is used in cogeneration process to get electricity from different heat sources. However, few studies were done that integrates the thermodynamic model of the Stirling engine together with the required power electronic systems to connect an electrical generator with a power grid. This paper shows the modeling of the Stirling engine, a DC generator coupled to this engine, the DC-DC converter and the inverter required for connecting the cogeneration system based on Stirling engine to the grid. The synchronization algorithm to connect the inverter to the grid is also explained. The proposed model allows calculating the grid current and voltage, the active and reactive power generated using a Stirling engine as cogeneration system, according to its mechanical and thermodynamic parameters. The Stirling-generator system operates with practically unitary power factor. The aim of this work is to motivate the analysis and use of the Stirling engine in cogeneration.
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of a Stirling-Engine-based Generator Connected to the Grid","authors":"Augusto Hayashi, M. Brito, J. Onofre, Lourenço MatakasJunior, R. Cordero, Luigi GalottoJunior","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065770","url":null,"abstract":"The Stiling engine converts heat in mechanical energy based on the Stirling cycle, which is the most similar to the Carnot cycle. For that reason, Stirling engine is used in cogeneration process to get electricity from different heat sources. However, few studies were done that integrates the thermodynamic model of the Stirling engine together with the required power electronic systems to connect an electrical generator with a power grid. This paper shows the modeling of the Stirling engine, a DC generator coupled to this engine, the DC-DC converter and the inverter required for connecting the cogeneration system based on Stirling engine to the grid. The synchronization algorithm to connect the inverter to the grid is also explained. The proposed model allows calculating the grid current and voltage, the active and reactive power generated using a Stirling engine as cogeneration system, according to its mechanical and thermodynamic parameters. The Stirling-generator system operates with practically unitary power factor. The aim of this work is to motivate the analysis and use of the Stirling engine in cogeneration.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83862700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065732
João Olímpio Caliman, W. D. dos Santos, Tiara Rodrigues Smarssaro de Freitas, D. Simonetti
A high-power-factor three-phase rectifier is proposed in this paper. It operates as a step-down converter, and employs three switches driven by the same signal. A complementary-drive switch is series-connected to the output, avoiding a short-circuit loop whenever main switches are on. Operation analysis is presented, and design equations are derived. Simulation and experimental results are also included, to validate the analysis.
{"title":"High Power Factor Three-Phase Three-Switch Step-Down Converter","authors":"João Olímpio Caliman, W. D. dos Santos, Tiara Rodrigues Smarssaro de Freitas, D. Simonetti","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065732","url":null,"abstract":"A high-power-factor three-phase rectifier is proposed in this paper. It operates as a step-down converter, and employs three switches driven by the same signal. A complementary-drive switch is series-connected to the output, avoiding a short-circuit loop whenever main switches are on. Operation analysis is presented, and design equations are derived. Simulation and experimental results are also included, to validate the analysis.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91395038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065486
L. S. Mendonça, T. C. Naidon, R. F. Raposo, F. Bisogno
Considering sustainable policies for energy systems, resonant converters are suitable systems to realize the desirable flow of energy in several applications, such as: renewable sources, energy harvesting systems, electric and hybrid vehicles. However, analysis and design of resonant converters are more complex than their pulse-width modulation counterparts, which leads to simplifying assumptions that result in limitations in the size of the designed components. This paper proposes a result-oriented methodology for analysis and design Class-E converters by means of an unit-less mathematical model that is independent of circuit parameters, such as, inductances and capacitances. The system is modeled in a generalized representation and normalized gain curves can be obtained to design the converter. A 500 kHz Class-E resonant converter was simulated and implemented to validate the theoretical approach.
{"title":"An Unit-less Mathematical Model for Analysis and Design of Class-E Resonant Converters","authors":"L. S. Mendonça, T. C. Naidon, R. F. Raposo, F. Bisogno","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065486","url":null,"abstract":"Considering sustainable policies for energy systems, resonant converters are suitable systems to realize the desirable flow of energy in several applications, such as: renewable sources, energy harvesting systems, electric and hybrid vehicles. However, analysis and design of resonant converters are more complex than their pulse-width modulation counterparts, which leads to simplifying assumptions that result in limitations in the size of the designed components. This paper proposes a result-oriented methodology for analysis and design Class-E converters by means of an unit-less mathematical model that is independent of circuit parameters, such as, inductances and capacitances. The system is modeled in a generalized representation and normalized gain curves can be obtained to design the converter. A 500 kHz Class-E resonant converter was simulated and implemented to validate the theoretical approach.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83049332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065327
Lucas Koleff, G. Valentim, V. Rael, L. Marques, W. Komatsu, E. Pellini, L. Matakas
This paper introduces a modular open source power electronics didactic platform developed for use in undergraduate and graduate courses, student projects and interdisciplinary applications. The five modules (inverter, current and voltage sensor, processing and filter) can be interconnected to study several different topics in power electronics converter control. The platform has reduced material costs and all hardware and software developed are available under an open source hardware and software licenses. Experimental results are presented in order to validate the operation of the system with the inverter working in open-loop and closed-loop, together with a graphical user interface.
{"title":"Development of a Modular Open Source Power Electronics Didactic Platform","authors":"Lucas Koleff, G. Valentim, V. Rael, L. Marques, W. Komatsu, E. Pellini, L. Matakas","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065327","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a modular open source power electronics didactic platform developed for use in undergraduate and graduate courses, student projects and interdisciplinary applications. The five modules (inverter, current and voltage sensor, processing and filter) can be interconnected to study several different topics in power electronics converter control. The platform has reduced material costs and all hardware and software developed are available under an open source hardware and software licenses. Experimental results are presented in order to validate the operation of the system with the inverter working in open-loop and closed-loop, together with a graphical user interface.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79695658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065740
Lucas Koleff, M. Conde, P. Hayashi, Francesco Sacco, Kelly Enomoto, E. Pellini, W. Komatsu, L. Matakas
Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) are convenient solutions for a variety of mid/high power energy conversion systems found in renewable energy plants, DC transmission networks and others. Nevertheless, such convenience, as the number of power modules grows, brings along an increased complexity in the hardware and control strategies used. The utilization of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), offering higher Input/Output availability, complex circuitry synthetization and parallel processing capabilities becomes a suitable alternative to Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based control circuits. This article explores the implementation of a system that integrates DSPs and FPGAs benefiting from their properties to come up with a flexible and scalable solution to control an MMC used for academic research purposes.
{"title":"Development of a FPGA-Based Control System for Modular Multilevel Converter Applications","authors":"Lucas Koleff, M. Conde, P. Hayashi, Francesco Sacco, Kelly Enomoto, E. Pellini, W. Komatsu, L. Matakas","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065740","url":null,"abstract":"Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) are convenient solutions for a variety of mid/high power energy conversion systems found in renewable energy plants, DC transmission networks and others. Nevertheless, such convenience, as the number of power modules grows, brings along an increased complexity in the hardware and control strategies used. The utilization of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), offering higher Input/Output availability, complex circuitry synthetization and parallel processing capabilities becomes a suitable alternative to Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based control circuits. This article explores the implementation of a system that integrates DSPs and FPGAs benefiting from their properties to come up with a flexible and scalable solution to control an MMC used for academic research purposes.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83470799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065374
Brunno Monteiro Guimarães Ribeiro, Marcelo Martins Stopa, A. Luiz
Open-end winding electrical machines with one solid-state converter connected to each end of the stator windings are being considered in recent researches for numerous applications including high-power multilevel converters. Due to the absence of the neutral point, this topology creates a path for zero-sequence current, which affects the operation of the machine, increases the losses in the stator windings and raises the voltage of the shaft, leading to potential problems in the bearings. Although many strategies have been proposed to avoid the application of space vectors that generate common-mode voltage across the windings, zero-sequence current still flows due to nonidealities like voltage drops in the solid-state switches and the dead time applied to avoid DC link shoot-through. This paper presents the use of the double Fourier series adapted to extract symbolically the coefficients of the harmonic spectra of open-end winding loads with dualinverter subjected to dead-time effect. This approach is verified using examples and the predictions are confirmed with the results obtained from Simulink simulations. The influence of dead time in the quality of the synthesized voltage is demonstrated by spectral analysis.
{"title":"Theoretical Solution of the Output Voltage Harmonic Spectra of Dual-Inverter Fed Open-End Winding Loads with Dead Time Effect","authors":"Brunno Monteiro Guimarães Ribeiro, Marcelo Martins Stopa, A. Luiz","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065374","url":null,"abstract":"Open-end winding electrical machines with one solid-state converter connected to each end of the stator windings are being considered in recent researches for numerous applications including high-power multilevel converters. Due to the absence of the neutral point, this topology creates a path for zero-sequence current, which affects the operation of the machine, increases the losses in the stator windings and raises the voltage of the shaft, leading to potential problems in the bearings. Although many strategies have been proposed to avoid the application of space vectors that generate common-mode voltage across the windings, zero-sequence current still flows due to nonidealities like voltage drops in the solid-state switches and the dead time applied to avoid DC link shoot-through. This paper presents the use of the double Fourier series adapted to extract symbolically the coefficients of the harmonic spectra of open-end winding loads with dualinverter subjected to dead-time effect. This approach is verified using examples and the predictions are confirmed with the results obtained from Simulink simulations. The influence of dead time in the quality of the synthesized voltage is demonstrated by spectral analysis.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88676131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065693
D. Simonetti, Xibo Yuan
A π-type derived four-level single-phase inverter is analyzed in this paper. It is demonstrated that the topology can be obtained both by inserting a neutral connection point in a four-level π-type cell, or removing the switches connected to ground in a five-level T-type cell. Five different pattern approaches to drive converter switches are presented, showing its influence on the high-frequency waveform of the output voltage. Simulation results for scenarios of feeding a single-phase load and a solar array connection to grid are given, making possible to demonstrate its functionality.
{"title":"Center-Tapped π-Type Single-Phase Cell","authors":"D. Simonetti, Xibo Yuan","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065693","url":null,"abstract":"A π-type derived four-level single-phase inverter is analyzed in this paper. It is demonstrated that the topology can be obtained both by inserting a neutral connection point in a four-level π-type cell, or removing the switches connected to ground in a five-level T-type cell. Five different pattern approaches to drive converter switches are presented, showing its influence on the high-frequency waveform of the output voltage. Simulation results for scenarios of feeding a single-phase load and a solar array connection to grid are given, making possible to demonstrate its functionality.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89429628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065806
L. Costa, M. Vitorino, M. Corrêa
In this paper a new single-phase AC-DC-AC five- level X-type current source converter is proposed. The use of the X-type topology reduces the conduction losses of the converter, whilst the five-level configuration may reduce the total harmonic distortion under lower frequencies, and allows the increase of the power capability of the converter. The novelty of this paper resides on the multilevel configuration being applied to a X-type current source converter. The operation and sine- triangle pulse-width modulation of the proposed converter are presented, as they are validated by simulation results. Besides that, experimental results for the rectifier side (AC-DC) are presented.
{"title":"Single-Phase AC-DC-AC Five-level X-type Current Source Converter","authors":"L. Costa, M. Vitorino, M. Corrêa","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065806","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new single-phase AC-DC-AC five- level X-type current source converter is proposed. The use of the X-type topology reduces the conduction losses of the converter, whilst the five-level configuration may reduce the total harmonic distortion under lower frequencies, and allows the increase of the power capability of the converter. The novelty of this paper resides on the multilevel configuration being applied to a X-type current source converter. The operation and sine- triangle pulse-width modulation of the proposed converter are presented, as they are validated by simulation results. Besides that, experimental results for the rectifier side (AC-DC) are presented.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89449776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065751
Cássio Alves de Oliveira, Josemar Alves dos Santos Junior, Marcos José de Moraes Filho, Vinícius Marcos Pinheiro, Augusto W. Fleury Veloso da Siveira, L. Gomes
This paper presents a three-phase induction motors efficiency study based on technical standards. An experimental bench was developed using a high precision programmable power supply. Many experiments were performed applying different and predetermined loads. The machine’s currents and voltages were measured to define the efficiency. Thus, an experimental setup was developed and the tests were performed with a high precision programmable power supply so that the acquired data is very reliable. The experimental setup was designed to perform tests at specifics operating points, allowing to apply variable loads.
{"title":"Three-Phase Induction Motors Efficiency Analysis Using a Programmable Power Supply","authors":"Cássio Alves de Oliveira, Josemar Alves dos Santos Junior, Marcos José de Moraes Filho, Vinícius Marcos Pinheiro, Augusto W. Fleury Veloso da Siveira, L. Gomes","doi":"10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065751","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a three-phase induction motors efficiency study based on technical standards. An experimental bench was developed using a high precision programmable power supply. Many experiments were performed applying different and predetermined loads. The machine’s currents and voltages were measured to define the efficiency. Thus, an experimental setup was developed and the tests were performed with a high precision programmable power supply so that the acquired data is very reliable. The experimental setup was designed to perform tests at specifics operating points, allowing to apply variable loads.","PeriodicalId":69617,"journal":{"name":"电力电子","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89584897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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