Wastewater has been used as an early warning system to detect infectious disease outbreaks. (1,2) Extending this platform to monitor and survey areas with increased environmental health risks, such as volatile organic compound metabolites, (3) remains an unexplored opportunity. Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third for most common incidence and second for cancer-related mortality. (4,5) Despite a decline in CRC incidence rates among individuals who are ≥65 years of age (attributed largely to screening efforts), cases of early onset CRC (patients who are <50 years of age) are rapidly increasing, with the projected incidence rate doubling by 2030. (6) Talibov et al. (7) showed that exposure to volatile organic compounds in occupational settings was positively associated with CRC. Many high-risk populations that may be exposed to these compounds remain unscreened due healthcare disparities or due to age-related guidelines, (8) yet wastewater catches all ages. We advocate for further research aimed at integrating population-level environmental toxin wastewater data with existing patient and environmental health data sets to identify and track CRC hot spots and guide community-based interventions to decrease the incidence of CRC (Figure 1). Figure 1. Framework to enable better tracking of colorectal cancer hot spots with paired wastewater surveillance, ambient air monitoring, known registries, and biospecimens. Wastewater-based epidemiology provides an established approach for surveilling various population-sized areas, and its role in cancer hot spot tracking might be best at the neighborhood scale. A disproportionate number of patients with CRC residing in specific geographic areas may present to their local medical centers. Epidemiologists can monitor the CRC incidence rates using state cancer databases and integrate these rates with reports on ambient levels of environmental toxins. Biospecimens from patients with CRC residing within these identified areas can be triangulated with anonymous community-level wastewater samples for environmental pollutants that are geographically bound to neighborhood hot spots. Despite the overall increase in CRC screening rates, disparities persist in low-income communities and racially marginalized populations. (8) These populations experience higher levels of exposure to known environmental pollutants and barriers to access preventive and interventional healthcare services. A wastewater-based approach may allow for an increased intensity of community-level surveilling of populations at risk of CRC, including directed patient evaluations and CRC screening. This is analogous to SARS-CoV-2 infection testing, in which SARS-CoV-2 personal testing was inequitable and wastewater evaluation for SARS-CoV-2 enabled more equitable screening at a population level that informed neighborhood trends, even before COVID-19 symptoms became noticeable. Environmental surveillance data from wastewater may also provide
{"title":"Does Wastewater Analysis Play a Role in Tracking Colorectal Cancer Hot Spots to Guide Geotargeted Neighborhood Interventions?","authors":"Allie Jin, Rochelle H. Holm, Ted Smith, Natalie DuPré, Sandra Kavalukas","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00641","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater has been used as an early warning system to detect infectious disease outbreaks. (1,2) Extending this platform to monitor and survey areas with increased environmental health risks, such as volatile organic compound metabolites, (3) remains an unexplored opportunity. Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third for most common incidence and second for cancer-related mortality. (4,5) Despite a decline in CRC incidence rates among individuals who are ≥65 years of age (attributed largely to screening efforts), cases of early onset CRC (patients who are <50 years of age) are rapidly increasing, with the projected incidence rate doubling by 2030. (6) Talibov et al. (7) showed that exposure to volatile organic compounds in occupational settings was positively associated with CRC. Many high-risk populations that may be exposed to these compounds remain unscreened due healthcare disparities or due to age-related guidelines, (8) yet wastewater catches all ages. We advocate for further research aimed at integrating population-level environmental toxin wastewater data with existing patient and environmental health data sets to identify and track CRC hot spots and guide community-based interventions to decrease the incidence of CRC (Figure 1). Figure 1. Framework to enable better tracking of colorectal cancer hot spots with paired wastewater surveillance, ambient air monitoring, known registries, and biospecimens. Wastewater-based epidemiology provides an established approach for surveilling various population-sized areas, and its role in cancer hot spot tracking might be best at the neighborhood scale. A disproportionate number of patients with CRC residing in specific geographic areas may present to their local medical centers. Epidemiologists can monitor the CRC incidence rates using state cancer databases and integrate these rates with reports on ambient levels of environmental toxins. Biospecimens from patients with CRC residing within these identified areas can be triangulated with anonymous community-level wastewater samples for environmental pollutants that are geographically bound to neighborhood hot spots. Despite the overall increase in CRC screening rates, disparities persist in low-income communities and racially marginalized populations. (8) These populations experience higher levels of exposure to known environmental pollutants and barriers to access preventive and interventional healthcare services. A wastewater-based approach may allow for an increased intensity of community-level surveilling of populations at risk of CRC, including directed patient evaluations and CRC screening. This is analogous to SARS-CoV-2 infection testing, in which SARS-CoV-2 personal testing was inequitable and wastewater evaluation for SARS-CoV-2 enabled more equitable screening at a population level that informed neighborhood trends, even before COVID-19 symptoms became noticeable. Environmental surveillance data from wastewater may also provide ","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Though diatoms as agents to remove silica pollutants have already been tested, the factors governing the photobiological process remain unexplored. The current process was developed to optimize various combinations of abiotic factors like pH (5, 6, 7, 8, and 9), mixing conditions (aeration, magnetic stirrer, and shaking-induced mixing), and light wavelength (red: 665–630 nm, blue: 465–430 nm, and white: 665–420 nm) for silica removal using diatom Navicula sp. from WC media. A combination of pH 7 and magnetic stirrer mixing (80–100 rpm) gave the best silica removal at 11.93 ± 0.15 mg L–1d–1. This optimized process with blue wavelength light increased the silica removal rate to 14.43 ± 0.37 mg L–1d–1 and biomass productivity to 95.15 ± 1.34 mg L–1d–1. Further, bioremediation of cooling tower blowdown water was tested under optimized and unoptimized conditions. A silica removal rate of 13.90 ± 0.26 mg L–1d–1 was achieved under optimized conditions, 3.69-fold greater than the unoptimized conditions (3.77 ± 0.42 mg L–1d–1). Additionally, this process removed >99% of total dissolved phosphate (3.05 ± 0.10 mg L–1d–1), nitrate nitrogen (12.27 ± 0.49 mg L–1d–1), and 54.27% chemical oxygen demand. Such optimization of abiotic factors using diatoms helps in achieving green silica-rich wastewater bioremediation.
{"title":"Exploring the Synergistic Effects of Mixing, Initial pH Variability, and Light Wavelength on Diatom-Mediated Wastewater Remediation","authors":"Sumit Dhali, Rahul Jain, Anushree Malik, Satyawati Sharma, Ramesh Raliya, Thilini U. Ariyadasa","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00277","url":null,"abstract":"Though diatoms as agents to remove silica pollutants have already been tested, the factors governing the photobiological process remain unexplored. The current process was developed to optimize various combinations of abiotic factors like pH (5, 6, 7, 8, and 9), mixing conditions (aeration, magnetic stirrer, and shaking-induced mixing), and light wavelength (red: 665–630 nm, blue: 465–430 nm, and white: 665–420 nm) for silica removal using diatom <i>Navicula</i> sp. from WC media. A combination of pH 7 and magnetic stirrer mixing (80–100 rpm) gave the best silica removal at 11.93 ± 0.15 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup>. This optimized process with blue wavelength light increased the silica removal rate to 14.43 ± 0.37 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup> and biomass productivity to 95.15 ± 1.34 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup>. Further, bioremediation of cooling tower blowdown water was tested under optimized and unoptimized conditions. A silica removal rate of 13.90 ± 0.26 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup> was achieved under optimized conditions, 3.69-fold greater than the unoptimized conditions (3.77 ± 0.42 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup>). Additionally, this process removed >99% of total dissolved phosphate (3.05 ± 0.10 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup>), nitrate nitrogen (12.27 ± 0.49 mg L<sup>–1</sup>d<sup>–1</sup>), and 54.27% chemical oxygen demand. Such optimization of abiotic factors using diatoms helps in achieving green silica-rich wastewater bioremediation.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.4c00382
Zhi Yuan Yong, Yen San Chong, Muhammad Arif Haikal Mohamad Hanafi, Mohd Firdaus Abdul Wahab, Hooi Ling Lee, Mohd Bakri Bakar, Zaiton Abdul Majid, Norazah Basar, Sheela Chandren, Hasrinah Hasbullah, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Wei Yee Chan, Siti Nur Tahirah Jaafar, Ee Ling Yong
The presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Malaysian waters and farmed aquatic species in its estuarine environment suggests contamination due to pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). However, this issue has lacked serious attention. This study performed suspect screening to identify tentative PPCPs in water and mussels located at the Melayu River during high and low tides, followed by a public awareness survey to understand the public behavior toward handling PPCPs. In total, 75 PPCPs were tentatively identified. Four and six compounds were found in surface water during low and high tides, respectively, while mussel samples showed 50 compounds during low tide and 35 compounds during high tide. Interestingly, 7 pharmaceuticals and 4 personal care products appeared in both tides in mussel samples. Survey findings revealed that while respondents understood PPCP pathways entering the environment and associated threats, they were unaware of relevant laws and proper disposal methods for unused pharmaceuticals, which are often discarded together with domestic wastes. The findings highlight the urgent need for detailed suspect screening with targeted analysis in order to establish relevant regulatory measures apart from providing public education on the proper disposal of PPCPs to mitigate contamination.
{"title":"Suspect Screening in Mussels Cultured in Straits of Tebrau Leading to Public Perception and Awareness Survey on Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs)","authors":"Zhi Yuan Yong, Yen San Chong, Muhammad Arif Haikal Mohamad Hanafi, Mohd Firdaus Abdul Wahab, Hooi Ling Lee, Mohd Bakri Bakar, Zaiton Abdul Majid, Norazah Basar, Sheela Chandren, Hasrinah Hasbullah, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Wei Yee Chan, Siti Nur Tahirah Jaafar, Ee Ling Yong","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00382","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Malaysian waters and farmed aquatic species in its estuarine environment suggests contamination due to pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). However, this issue has lacked serious attention. This study performed suspect screening to identify tentative PPCPs in water and mussels located at the Melayu River during high and low tides, followed by a public awareness survey to understand the public behavior toward handling PPCPs. In total, 75 PPCPs were tentatively identified. Four and six compounds were found in surface water during low and high tides, respectively, while mussel samples showed 50 compounds during low tide and 35 compounds during high tide. Interestingly, 7 pharmaceuticals and 4 personal care products appeared in both tides in mussel samples. Survey findings revealed that while respondents understood PPCP pathways entering the environment and associated threats, they were unaware of relevant laws and proper disposal methods for unused pharmaceuticals, which are often discarded together with domestic wastes. The findings highlight the urgent need for detailed suspect screening with targeted analysis in order to establish relevant regulatory measures apart from providing public education on the proper disposal of PPCPs to mitigate contamination.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.4c00361
Haifeng Li, Ziqiang Zhang, Zhenyu Liu, Rui Wang, Songzhe Fu
In this study, we conducted quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based wastewater surveillance for 12 prominent respiratory pathogens in two northeastern cities of China, Dalian, and Benxi, to understand the cocirculation patterns between COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases from October 2022 to July 2023. Wastewater surveillance revealed that Influenza A virus (IAV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) sewage concentrations exhibited an upward trend from October 2022 in both cities but with distinct epidemic trajectories. In Dalian, IAV and RSV sewage concentrations both peaked in early December, followed by a rapid decline since the emergence of COVID-19 on November 23, 2022. In Benxi, two bell-shaped curves were observed for IAV and RSV sewage concentrations, both peaking in mid-December of 2022, even though severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in wastewater on December 8, 2022. After a rapid decline in SARS-CoV-2 sewage concentrations in January 2023, a new wave of IAV in wastewater occurred between February and early April in both cities, followed by a surge of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in early May. Meanwhile, an out-of-season epidemic of RSV from March to May was observed in Benxi based on the cities’ sewage concentrations. This study highlights the impact of the timing of COVID-19 on the epidemic trajectories of other respiratory diseases.
{"title":"Wastewater Surveillance Uncovered the Impacts of the Timing of COVID-19 on the Epidemic Trajectories of Other Respiratory Diseases in Two Northeastern Cities in China","authors":"Haifeng Li, Ziqiang Zhang, Zhenyu Liu, Rui Wang, Songzhe Fu","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00361","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we conducted quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based wastewater surveillance for 12 prominent respiratory pathogens in two northeastern cities of China, Dalian, and Benxi, to understand the cocirculation patterns between COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases from October 2022 to July 2023. Wastewater surveillance revealed that Influenza A virus (IAV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) sewage concentrations exhibited an upward trend from October 2022 in both cities but with distinct epidemic trajectories. In Dalian, IAV and RSV sewage concentrations both peaked in early December, followed by a rapid decline since the emergence of COVID-19 on November 23, 2022. In Benxi, two bell-shaped curves were observed for IAV and RSV sewage concentrations, both peaking in mid-December of 2022, even though severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in wastewater on December 8, 2022. After a rapid decline in SARS-CoV-2 sewage concentrations in January 2023, a new wave of IAV in wastewater occurred between February and early April in both cities, followed by a surge of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in early May. Meanwhile, an out-of-season epidemic of RSV from March to May was observed in Benxi based on the cities’ sewage concentrations. This study highlights the impact of the timing of COVID-19 on the epidemic trajectories of other respiratory diseases.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Published as part of ACS ES&T Water special issue “3D Printing Technologies for Environmental and Water Applications”. Figure 1. Key factors affecting the application of 3D printing technology in water treatment membrane-related research. Dr. Weichen Lin is currently a postdoctoral researcher at Tsinghua University. He obtained both his bachelor’s degree in 2017 and his doctoral degree in 2022 from Tsinghua University. His research interests mainly focus on membrane fouling mechanisms and membrane module optimization under high-pressure membrane technology for water treatment. He has published more than 20 peer-reviewed papers in Water Research, Journal of Membrane Science, Environment International, Desalination, etc. He has won more than 10 Best Oral Presentation Awards at academic conferences at home and abroad. He has received a number of honors and awards as a young scholar, including the IWA MSTG Doctoral Thesis Award, Beijing Membrane Society Outstanding Youth Achievement Award, etc. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52300053, 22106167, and 22076200). This article references 16 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.
作为 ACS ES&T Water 特刊 "3D 打印技术在环境和水领域的应用 "的一部分发表。图 1.影响 3D 打印技术在水处理膜相关研究中应用的关键因素。林伟辰博士现为清华大学博士后研究人员。他于 2017 年和 2022 年分别在清华大学获得学士学位和博士学位。他的研究兴趣主要集中在水处理高压膜技术下的膜结垢机理和膜组件优化。在《Water Research》、《Journal of Membrane Science》、《Environment International》、《Desalination》等期刊发表同行评议论文20余篇。他曾在国内外学术会议上获得 10 多次最佳口头报告奖。作为青年学者，他获得了多项荣誉和奖励，包括国际水协会 MSTG 博士论文奖、北京膜学会杰出青年成就奖等。这项工作得到了国家自然科学基金（52300053、22106167 和 22076200）的资助。本文引用了其他 16 篇文章。本文尚未被其他出版物引用。
{"title":"Potential and Challenges of 3D Printing Technology in Membrane-Based Water Treatment Research","authors":"Dingyi Wang, Dayi Ling, Weichen Lin, Kunpeng Wang, Yukang Feng, Lihong Liu, Yongguang Yin, Ligang Hu, Xia Huang, Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00616","url":null,"abstract":"Published as part of <i>ACS ES&T Water</i> special issue “3D Printing Technologies for Environmental and Water Applications”. Figure 1. Key factors affecting the application of 3D printing technology in water treatment membrane-related research. Dr. Weichen Lin is currently a postdoctoral researcher at Tsinghua University. He obtained both his bachelor’s degree in 2017 and his doctoral degree in 2022 from Tsinghua University. His research interests mainly focus on membrane fouling mechanisms and membrane module optimization under high-pressure membrane technology for water treatment. He has published more than 20 peer-reviewed papers in <i>Water Research</i>, <i>Journal of Membrane Science</i>, <i>Environment International</i>, <i>Desalination</i>, etc. He has won more than 10 Best Oral Presentation Awards at academic conferences at home and abroad. He has received a number of honors and awards as a young scholar, including the IWA MSTG Doctoral Thesis Award, Beijing Membrane Society Outstanding Youth Achievement Award, etc. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52300053, 22106167, and 22076200). This article references 16 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.4c00274
William Wallock, Abishek Sankara Narayan, Patrick Thomson
Despite decades of effort, progress in safely managed sanitation─a public sector mandate─is stalling due to limited public funding and poor governance, among other reasons. As a result, public health has suffered and environmental degradation has continued. Social enterprises that use innovative business models to provide on-site sanitation services, also known as sanitation enterprises, are considered an emerging solution. However, sanitation enterprises have not yet successfully replaced public provision at scale. This work explores the barriers that sanitation enterprises encounter in lower- and middle-income countries. Q-Method, a mixed-methods approach that assesses social perspectives on an issue, is used to evaluate major barriers and groups of dominant perception for 19 sanitation enterprises operating across 20 countries. A total of 25 mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive barriers are identified, ranging from affording capital expenses to navigating political corruption. The results show that most of the identified barriers fall into the financial barrier category, with reaching economies of scale being the greatest obstacle for sanitation enterprises. On the basis of these results, the premise of independent profitability underlying the sanitation enterprise value proposition should be reevaluated. Four enterprise types are proposed and can explain half of the variance among the sanitation enterprises studied. The context of a sanitation enterprise, including its countries of operation, size, customer base, sources of revenue, and section of the sanitation value chain, influences the barriers that the enterprise encounters. This research underscores the crucial role of context in influencing barriers for sanitation enterprises, emphasizing the need for investment and for policy makers to take these contextual dimensions into account.
{"title":"Exploring the Barriers to Scaling Up Sanitation Enterprises Using Q-Methodology","authors":"William Wallock, Abishek Sankara Narayan, Patrick Thomson","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00274","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decades of effort, progress in safely managed sanitation─a public sector mandate─is stalling due to limited public funding and poor governance, among other reasons. As a result, public health has suffered and environmental degradation has continued. Social enterprises that use innovative business models to provide on-site sanitation services, also known as sanitation enterprises, are considered an emerging solution. However, sanitation enterprises have not yet successfully replaced public provision at scale. This work explores the barriers that sanitation enterprises encounter in lower- and middle-income countries. Q-Method, a mixed-methods approach that assesses social perspectives on an issue, is used to evaluate major barriers and groups of dominant perception for 19 sanitation enterprises operating across 20 countries. A total of 25 mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive barriers are identified, ranging from affording capital expenses to navigating political corruption. The results show that most of the identified barriers fall into the financial barrier category, with reaching economies of scale being the greatest obstacle for sanitation enterprises. On the basis of these results, the premise of independent profitability underlying the sanitation enterprise value proposition should be reevaluated. Four enterprise types are proposed and can explain half of the variance among the sanitation enterprises studied. The context of a sanitation enterprise, including its countries of operation, size, customer base, sources of revenue, and section of the sanitation value chain, influences the barriers that the enterprise encounters. This research underscores the crucial role of context in influencing barriers for sanitation enterprises, emphasizing the need for investment and for policy makers to take these contextual dimensions into account.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.4c00685
Amara L. Holder, Amy P. Sullivan
Amara Holder is a research mechanical engineer with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development. Her research focuses broadly on pollutant emissions from combustion processes and their impacts on human health and the environment, with a special focus on wildland fires. Her research has advanced the understanding of the emissions of toxic compounds from fires, including those that burn in the wildland urban interface (10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad186). She has evaluated low-cost sensor technology (10.3390/s20174796) and developed mobile monitoring approaches to measure the impacts of wildfire smoke on air quality (10.1039/D3EA00170A). She has received EPA’s highest honor, the Gold Medal for Exceptional Service, for contributing to the science to support the AirNow Fire and Smoke map, which provides real-time information about smoke impacts on air quality to millions of Americans each year (10.3390/s22249669). She has also helped to identify and promote cost-effective and accessible approaches to reduce exposure to wildfire smoke, such as the do-it-yourself air cleaner (10.1111/ina.13163). Amy Sullivan is a Research Scientist in the Atmospheric Science Department at Colorado State University. She received her Ph.D. in atmospheric chemistry at Georgia Institute of Technology in 2006. She has worked closely with aerosol instrumentation and developing methods to better understand the composition of aerosols, including developing real-time measurements of water-soluble organic carbon using the Particle-into-Liquid Sampler (PILS). Her research focuses in particular on aqueous SOA (secondary organic aerosols) and biomass burning aerosols. She has participated in more than 40 field studies, including the FLAME (Fire Lab at Missoula Experiments) Studies conducted at the Fire Science Laboratory in Missoula, MT (10.1029/2008JD010216), and the WE-CAN Campaign. She made the first airborne measurements of levoglucosan from the sampling of prescribed burning (10.5194/acp-14-10535-2014), residential burning (10.1029/2017JD028153), and wildfires as well as water-soluble BrC absorption from wildfires (10.5194/acp-22-13389-2022) using the PILS. This article references 39 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.
{"title":"Emissions, Chemistry, and the Environmental Impacts of Wildland Fire","authors":"Amara L. Holder, Amy P. Sullivan","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00685","url":null,"abstract":"Amara Holder is a research mechanical engineer with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development. Her research focuses broadly on pollutant emissions from combustion processes and their impacts on human health and the environment, with a special focus on wildland fires. Her research has advanced the understanding of the emissions of toxic compounds from fires, including those that burn in the wildland urban interface (10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad186). She has evaluated low-cost sensor technology (10.3390/s20174796) and developed mobile monitoring approaches to measure the impacts of wildfire smoke on air quality (10.1039/D3EA00170A). She has received EPA’s highest honor, the Gold Medal for Exceptional Service, for contributing to the science to support the AirNow Fire and Smoke map, which provides real-time information about smoke impacts on air quality to millions of Americans each year (10.3390/s22249669). She has also helped to identify and promote cost-effective and accessible approaches to reduce exposure to wildfire smoke, such as the do-it-yourself air cleaner (10.1111/ina.13163). Amy Sullivan is a Research Scientist in the Atmospheric Science Department at Colorado State University. She received her Ph.D. in atmospheric chemistry at Georgia Institute of Technology in 2006. She has worked closely with aerosol instrumentation and developing methods to better understand the composition of aerosols, including developing real-time measurements of water-soluble organic carbon using the Particle-into-Liquid Sampler (PILS). Her research focuses in particular on aqueous SOA (secondary organic aerosols) and biomass burning aerosols. She has participated in more than 40 field studies, including the FLAME (Fire Lab at Missoula Experiments) Studies conducted at the Fire Science Laboratory in Missoula, MT (10.1029/2008JD010216), and the WE-CAN Campaign. She made the first airborne measurements of levoglucosan from the sampling of prescribed burning (10.5194/acp-14-10535-2014), residential burning (10.1029/2017JD028153), and wildfires as well as water-soluble BrC absorption from wildfires (10.5194/acp-22-13389-2022) using the PILS. This article references 39 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here, we present the first systematic and comprehensive analysis of the biochemical and transcriptomic characteristics of Microlunatus phosphovorus NM-1 with glucose and amino acids as carbon sources for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). Glucose-induced the highest P release rate, followed by aspartate and glutamate. Its anaerobic P release and glucose uptake and aerobic P uptake kinetics exceeded those of Tetrasphaera and Candidatus Accumulibacter (with acetate). Anaerobic glucose uptake and activation were achieved via the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system and bifunctional glucokinases, contributing to its exceptionally high glucose uptake rates. Aspartate and glutamate uptake was driven by proton motive force. Glucose and those amino acids were mainly stored as glycogen. Novel pathways (beta-oxidation and fatty acid biosynthesis) were encoded by NM-1 for polyhydroxyalkanoate generation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significantly transcribed genes in the glyoxylate cycle in anaerobic glucose metabolism. Glutamate and aspartate were deaminized and routed into the TCA cycle for glycogen and polyhydroxyvalerate generation. Two low-affinity phosphate transporter genes were distinctly transcribed in the anaerobic and aerobic phases, benefiting enhanced P release and uptake. Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the glucose and amino acid metabolism of NM-1, benefiting an improved description and modeling of the M. phosphovorus-mediated EBPR process.
{"title":"Metabolisms of Microlunatus phosphovorus NM-1 Using Glucose, Glutamate, and Aspartate as Carbon Sources for Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal","authors":"Liping Chen, Cenchao Wang, Yaqian Li, Xiaojing Xie, Xuhan Deng, Hang Chen, Sijia Ji, Jing Yuan, Kaiying Wang, Yinan Zhang, Chaohai Wei, Guanglei Qiu","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00429","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we present the first systematic and comprehensive analysis of the biochemical and transcriptomic characteristics of <i>Microlunatus phosphovorus</i> NM-1 with glucose and amino acids as carbon sources for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). Glucose-induced the highest P release rate, followed by aspartate and glutamate. Its anaerobic P release and glucose uptake and aerobic P uptake kinetics exceeded those of <i>Tetrasphaera</i> and <i>Candidatus Accumulibacter</i> (with acetate). Anaerobic glucose uptake and activation were achieved via the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system and bifunctional glucokinases, contributing to its exceptionally high glucose uptake rates. Aspartate and glutamate uptake was driven by proton motive force. Glucose and those amino acids were mainly stored as glycogen. Novel pathways (beta-oxidation and fatty acid biosynthesis) were encoded by NM-1 for polyhydroxyalkanoate generation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significantly transcribed genes in the glyoxylate cycle in anaerobic glucose metabolism. Glutamate and aspartate were deaminized and routed into the TCA cycle for glycogen and polyhydroxyvalerate generation. Two low-affinity phosphate transporter genes were distinctly transcribed in the anaerobic and aerobic phases, benefiting enhanced P release and uptake. Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the glucose and amino acid metabolism of NM-1, benefiting an improved description and modeling of the <i>M. phosphovorus</i>-mediated EBPR process.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.4c00368
Doris Yoong Wen Di, Prakit Saingam, Bo Li, Min Ki Jeon, Tao Yan
Vibrio pathogens in marine estuaries pose significant human health risks through recreational water use and seafood contamination. This study used the Ala Wai Canal in Honolulu, Hawaii, as a model tropical urban marine estuary to understand the Vibrio population’s composition and associated environmental health risks. Vibrio-specific 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing identified diverse Vibrio populations. Among the 62 major amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) detected, V. parahaemolyticus-clustered ASVs were significantly more prevalent than those clustered with V. cholerae and V. vulnificus. Spatial distribution of the Vibrio ASVs showed that V. parahaemolyticus-clustered ASVs were highly abundant toward the stagnant end of the canal with higher turbidity and BOD5 than sites near the freshwater inlets and the ocean outlet. DNA fingerprinting of V. parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from the water showed significant genetic diversity, corresponding to the ASV-based diversity and indicating the presence of diverse environmental niches. The V. parahaemolyticus population in the canal water exhibited a low detection frequency of the virulence factor tdh and an antibiotic resistance profile typical of environmental isolates. The identification of V. parahaemolyticus as the most prevalent Vibrio pathogen and its enrichment within the stagnant terminus of the canal suggest that increased water circulation may change Vibrio ecology and alleviate potential health risks.
海洋河口中的弧菌病原体会通过娱乐用水和海鲜污染对人类健康造成重大威胁。这项研究将夏威夷檀香山的阿拉威运河作为一个热带城市海洋河口模型，以了解弧菌种群的组成和相关的环境健康风险。弧菌特异性 16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序确定了不同的弧菌种群。在检测到的 62 个主要扩增子测序变体（ASVs）中，副溶血性弧菌聚类的 ASVs 明显多于霍乱弧菌和弧菌聚类的 ASVs。ASV弧菌的空间分布显示，副溶血性弧菌聚集的ASV弧菌在运河浊度和BOD5较高的死水端比淡水入口和海洋出口附近的弧菌数量多。从水中获得的副溶血性弧菌分离物的 DNA 指纹图谱显示出显著的遗传多样性，与基于 ASV 的多样性相对应，表明存在不同的环境壁龛。运河水中的副溶血性弧菌种群表现出毒力因子tdh的低检测频率和典型的环境分离物抗生素耐药性特征。副溶血性弧菌被确定为最普遍的弧菌病原体，而且在运河的死水末端富集，这表明水循环的增加可能会改变弧菌的生态环境，减轻潜在的健康风险。
{"title":"Enriched Abundance of Diverse Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Dead-End of the Ala Wai Canal: A Tropical Artificial Urban Estuary","authors":"Doris Yoong Wen Di, Prakit Saingam, Bo Li, Min Ki Jeon, Tao Yan","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00368","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Vibrio</i> pathogens in marine estuaries pose significant human health risks through recreational water use and seafood contamination. This study used the Ala Wai Canal in Honolulu, Hawaii, as a model tropical urban marine estuary to understand the <i>Vibrio</i> population’s composition and associated environmental health risks. <i>Vibrio</i>-specific 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing identified diverse <i>Vibrio</i> populations. Among the 62 major amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) detected, <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>-clustered ASVs were significantly more prevalent than those clustered with <i>V. cholerae</i> and <i>V. vulnificus</i>. Spatial distribution of the <i>Vibrio</i> ASVs showed that <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>-clustered ASVs were highly abundant toward the stagnant end of the canal with higher turbidity and BOD<sub>5</sub> than sites near the freshwater inlets and the ocean outlet. DNA fingerprinting of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> isolates obtained from the water showed significant genetic diversity, corresponding to the ASV-based diversity and indicating the presence of diverse environmental niches. The <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> population in the canal water exhibited a low detection frequency of the virulence factor <i>tdh</i> and an antibiotic resistance profile typical of environmental isolates. The identification of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> as the most prevalent <i>Vibrio</i> pathogen and its enrichment within the stagnant terminus of the canal suggest that increased water circulation may change <i>Vibrio</i> ecology and alleviate potential health risks.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in rivers is crucial for regulating organic carbon degradation and greenhouse gas emissions during carbon transport from land to ocean. BDOC is closely linked to the biolability of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM). However, the bioavailability of allochthonous DOM, the dominant source of DOM in large rivers, remains unclear. In this study, stable carbon isotope, excitation–emission matrix fluorescence, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analyses were performed to investigate the effects of DOM sources on DOM bioavailability in the Yangtze River. The results indicate that BDOC is an important fraction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Yangtze River (29.82 ± 15.30%). Autochthonous source contributed 38.21 ± 25.42% to total biolabile DOM, exhibited saturated characteristics, and primarily comprising CHOP and CHOS compounds. Surprisingly, allochthonous biolabile DOM accounted for 34.41 ± 27.53%, emphasizing relatively high oxidation state and aromaticity with enriched heteroatomic contributions. Prolonged water retention in the Three Gorges Dam region promotes allochthonous biolabile DOM degradation, whereas increased human activity downstream leads to autochthonous biolabile DOM accumulation. This study highlights allochthonous contributions to DOM biolability and indicates that continued increases in terrigenous inputs can enhance riverine BDOC, thereby influencing CO2 release from rivers.
河流中的生物可降解溶解有机碳（BDOC）对于调节从陆地到海洋的碳传输过程中的有机碳降解和温室气体排放至关重要。生物可降解有机碳与河流溶解有机物（DOM）的生物可利用性密切相关。然而，大江大河中溶解有机物的主要来源--异源溶解有机物的生物可利用性仍不清楚。本研究采用稳定碳同位素、激发-发射基质荧光和傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱分析方法，研究了长江中 DOM 来源对 DOM 生物利用率的影响。结果表明，BDOC 是长江溶解有机碳（DOC）的重要组成部分（29.82 ± 15.30%）。自生源占生物可吸收 DOM 总量的 38.21 ± 25.42%，呈现饱和特征，主要包括 CHOP 和 CHOS 化合物。令人惊讶的是，异源生物可吸收 DOM 占 34.41 ± 27.53%，强调了相对较高的氧化态和芳香性，并含有丰富的杂原子成分。三峡大坝地区长期的水体滞留促进了同源生物可吸收 DOM 的降解，而下游人类活动的增加则导致了自源生物可吸收 DOM 的积累。这项研究强调了同源物对溶解氧生物可降解性的贡献，并表明陆源输入量的持续增加会增强河流的 BDOC，从而影响河流的二氧化碳释放。
{"title":"Non-Negligible Allochthonous Contributions to Dissolved Organic Matter Biodegradability in the Yangtze River","authors":"You Wu, Lize Meng, Yiru Pan, Shenyan Zhang, Zijun Wu, Chu Zhao, Guangrui Yang, Jingyang Xu, Yue Ren, Tao Huang, Zihao Bian, Qihao Jiang, Jian Zhou, Hao Yang, Zhaoyuan Yu, Linwang Yuan, Hailong Liu, Changchun Huang","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00216","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in rivers is crucial for regulating organic carbon degradation and greenhouse gas emissions during carbon transport from land to ocean. BDOC is closely linked to the biolability of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM). However, the bioavailability of allochthonous DOM, the dominant source of DOM in large rivers, remains unclear. In this study, stable carbon isotope, excitation–emission matrix fluorescence, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analyses were performed to investigate the effects of DOM sources on DOM bioavailability in the Yangtze River. The results indicate that BDOC is an important fraction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Yangtze River (29.82 ± 15.30%). Autochthonous source contributed 38.21 ± 25.42% to total biolabile DOM, exhibited saturated characteristics, and primarily comprising CHOP and CHOS compounds. Surprisingly, allochthonous biolabile DOM accounted for 34.41 ± 27.53%, emphasizing relatively high oxidation state and aromaticity with enriched heteroatomic contributions. Prolonged water retention in the Three Gorges Dam region promotes allochthonous biolabile DOM degradation, whereas increased human activity downstream leads to autochthonous biolabile DOM accumulation. This study highlights allochthonous contributions to DOM biolability and indicates that continued increases in terrigenous inputs can enhance riverine BDOC, thereby influencing CO<sub>2</sub> release from rivers.","PeriodicalId":7078,"journal":{"name":"ACS Es&t Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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