Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652127
H. Demirel, T. Clarke, Peter Y. K. Cheung
In conventional image-based feature detection a time consuming pre-processing step is required to manually segment the training features from the unsegmented face images. We present a novel method of using automatically segmented facial image data for facial feature detection. A quality measure is defined to identify those image data from a large training set that are better to describe the feature. The best quality subset is then extracted and used to train the feature detector. The detection performance obtained by the automatically segmented data set after refinement is almost as high as that obtained by the feature detector trained by a manually segmented set.
{"title":"Automatic segmentation of training set for facial feature detection","authors":"H. Demirel, T. Clarke, Peter Y. K. Cheung","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652127","url":null,"abstract":"In conventional image-based feature detection a time consuming pre-processing step is required to manually segment the training features from the unsegmented face images. We present a novel method of using automatically segmented facial image data for facial feature detection. A quality measure is defined to identify those image data from a large training set that are better to describe the feature. The best quality subset is then extracted and used to train the feature detector. The detection performance obtained by the automatically segmented data set after refinement is almost as high as that obtained by the feature detector trained by a manually segmented set.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"117 1","pages":"984-988 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87088677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.647161
Y. Jeong, J.S. Kim, Y.G. Bahg
WLL is an access system that uses a wireless link to connect subscribers to their local exchange in place of conventional copper cable. We propose a common air interface for the wideband CDMA WLL system. This paper describes the design and implementation of a digital receiver ASIC for the proposed wideband CDMA WLL system. The proposed reverse link transmitter structure is described. Then the design specification of the reverse link receiver is described. Operation of the implemented reverse link receiver ASIC is verified by system timing simulation. The total gate number of the code acquisition module, code tracking and data demodulation module, and Viterbi decoder module is about 150,000. For the purpose of ASIC implementation, 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology is used. The implemented reverse link receiver ASIC can operate at clock frequencies up to 65.536 MHz.
{"title":"Wideband CDMA receiver for WLL system","authors":"Y. Jeong, J.S. Kim, Y.G. Bahg","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.647161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.647161","url":null,"abstract":"WLL is an access system that uses a wireless link to connect subscribers to their local exchange in place of conventional copper cable. We propose a common air interface for the wideband CDMA WLL system. This paper describes the design and implementation of a digital receiver ASIC for the proposed wideband CDMA WLL system. The proposed reverse link transmitter structure is described. Then the design specification of the reverse link receiver is described. Operation of the implemented reverse link receiver ASIC is verified by system timing simulation. The total gate number of the code acquisition module, code tracking and data demodulation module, and Viterbi decoder module is about 150,000. For the purpose of ASIC implementation, 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology is used. The implemented reverse link receiver ASIC can operate at clock frequencies up to 65.536 MHz.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"47 1","pages":"560-563 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86472577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.647162
Jinho Choi, J. Roh
We consider both multiuser detection and antenna arrays. For the multiuser detection, we use the decorrelating detector. It is shown that the resulting system is less affected by strong interferences and has the near-far resistance. Furthermore, it is observed that the decorrelating detector does not depend on the spatial cross-correlation. In the conventional detector, however, the performance degradation from the spatial cross-correlation is observed.
{"title":"Beamforming for the decorrelating detector in synchronous CDMA systems","authors":"Jinho Choi, J. Roh","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.647162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.647162","url":null,"abstract":"We consider both multiuser detection and antenna arrays. For the multiuser detection, we use the decorrelating detector. It is shown that the resulting system is less affected by strong interferences and has the near-far resistance. Furthermore, it is observed that the decorrelating detector does not depend on the spatial cross-correlation. In the conventional detector, however, the performance degradation from the spatial cross-correlation is observed.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"1 1","pages":"564-568 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87210096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652078
F. Ahmed, A. Darus, Z. Yusoff, M. Haque
Free metallic particles, inside gas insulated switchgear (GIS) apparatus are considered hazardous to the insulation system, can be detected using acoustic sensors placed on the enclosure. From acoustic measurements, it is rather easy to determine the partial discharge pulses caused by loose or fixed particles. One can readily recognise the motion modes of the free particles by studying the acoustic signal. This paper presents the analysis of free metallic particle motion modes in GIS apparatus from acoustic measurements. The parameters such as maximum acoustic amplitude, number of acoustic pulses, mean value of maximum amplitude of 10 measurements, number of pulses which exceed the specified % of maximum amplitude characterising partial discharge activity of Al as well as Cu particles of different shapes are investigated.
{"title":"Characterisation of acoustic signal and pattern recognition of free moving metallic particle motion modes in GIS","authors":"F. Ahmed, A. Darus, Z. Yusoff, M. Haque","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652078","url":null,"abstract":"Free metallic particles, inside gas insulated switchgear (GIS) apparatus are considered hazardous to the insulation system, can be detected using acoustic sensors placed on the enclosure. From acoustic measurements, it is rather easy to determine the partial discharge pulses caused by loose or fixed particles. One can readily recognise the motion modes of the free particles by studying the acoustic signal. This paper presents the analysis of free metallic particle motion modes in GIS apparatus from acoustic measurements. The parameters such as maximum acoustic amplitude, number of acoustic pulses, mean value of maximum amplitude of 10 measurements, number of pulses which exceed the specified % of maximum amplitude characterising partial discharge activity of Al as well as Cu particles of different shapes are investigated.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"65 1","pages":"750-753 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87711282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652120
C. Shakher, K. Matsuda, K. Tenjimbayashi, N. Sundarajan, D. Ravi
A digital speckle pattern interferometric system to monitor surface vibrations and out of plane tilt is presented. The resolution of the system used to measure the out of plane displacement is 1/2 per fringe.
{"title":"Image processing and analysis of digital speckle pattern interferometric images for monitoring/surface vibration/tilt","authors":"C. Shakher, K. Matsuda, K. Tenjimbayashi, N. Sundarajan, D. Ravi","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652120","url":null,"abstract":"A digital speckle pattern interferometric system to monitor surface vibrations and out of plane tilt is presented. The resolution of the system used to measure the out of plane displacement is 1/2 per fringe.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"21 1","pages":"953-956 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72997452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652134
S. Foo, T. Yap
One of the problems faced in automatic speech recognition is the amount of training required to adapt the machine to the speaker way of pronunciation. To a certain extent, the accuracy of correct recognition is proportional to the amount of training and adaptation carried out. This is especially true when a large vocabulary is involved. For certain applications, it is desirable that the training requirement be reduced to the bare minimum without sacrificing the accuracy of recognition. The minimum number of training required to achieve an acceptable degree of accuracy for a speaker dependent speech recognition system based on the hidden Markov model (HMM) is investigated. A method is also proposed which retains the same degree of accuracy of recognition with much reduced training.
{"title":"HMM speech recognition with reduced training","authors":"S. Foo, T. Yap","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652134","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems faced in automatic speech recognition is the amount of training required to adapt the machine to the speaker way of pronunciation. To a certain extent, the accuracy of correct recognition is proportional to the amount of training and adaptation carried out. This is especially true when a large vocabulary is involved. For certain applications, it is desirable that the training requirement be reduced to the bare minimum without sacrificing the accuracy of recognition. The minimum number of training required to achieve an acceptable degree of accuracy for a speaker dependent speech recognition system based on the hidden Markov model (HMM) is investigated. A method is also proposed which retains the same degree of accuracy of recognition with much reduced training.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"105 3","pages":"1016-1019 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72385808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652098
J. Sun, K.H. Li
Several diversity combining techniques are employed in a direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS/CDMA) cellular system. The diversity receptions are combined using maximal ratio combining (MRC), equal gain combining (EGG), second-order selection combining (SC2) and a simplified version of MRC (SVM) that is simply a compromise between MRC and EGG. When the path loss exponent r=4, our results indicate that only MRC can significantly improve the system performance with a capacity gain of about 160% as compared to conventional detection with perfect power control. The other techniques investigated cannot improve the cellular CD/CDMA performance. However, when r is reduced to 2, all combining methods studied can enhance the cellular capacity dramatically. These diversity techniques are found to be effective in combating the problem associated with imperfect power control in cellular DS/CDMA.
{"title":"Diversity techniques for reverse link of cellular DS/CDMA","authors":"J. Sun, K.H. Li","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652098","url":null,"abstract":"Several diversity combining techniques are employed in a direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS/CDMA) cellular system. The diversity receptions are combined using maximal ratio combining (MRC), equal gain combining (EGG), second-order selection combining (SC2) and a simplified version of MRC (SVM) that is simply a compromise between MRC and EGG. When the path loss exponent r=4, our results indicate that only MRC can significantly improve the system performance with a capacity gain of about 160% as compared to conventional detection with perfect power control. The other techniques investigated cannot improve the cellular CD/CDMA performance. However, when r is reduced to 2, all combining methods studied can enhance the cellular capacity dramatically. These diversity techniques are found to be effective in combating the problem associated with imperfect power control in cellular DS/CDMA.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"65 1","pages":"844-848 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72694340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652244
Y. Chen, S. Hu, C. Chan
In an ATM network, a virtual path (VP) is a labeled path which can be used to transport a bundle of virtual connections (VCs) and to manage the resources used by these connections. The ATM multimedia leased line service is provided across user-to-user VPs. The customers can increase/decrease the VP bandwidth according to their demand. This paper proposes a method to derive the least required bandwidth on a VP which is the minimum amount of bandwidth estimated to satisfy the QoS requirement of the VCs. The least required bandwidth can be a warranty of the VP resource reallocation.
{"title":"Least required bandwidth in VP-based ATM networks","authors":"Y. Chen, S. Hu, C. Chan","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652244","url":null,"abstract":"In an ATM network, a virtual path (VP) is a labeled path which can be used to transport a bundle of virtual connections (VCs) and to manage the resources used by these connections. The ATM multimedia leased line service is provided across user-to-user VPs. The customers can increase/decrease the VP bandwidth according to their demand. This paper proposes a method to derive the least required bandwidth on a VP which is the minimum amount of bandwidth estimated to satisfy the QoS requirement of the VCs. The least required bandwidth can be a warranty of the VP resource reallocation.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"43 1","pages":"1504-1507 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72728776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.652209
D. Tay
In this paper we present a technique to design 2-channel perfect reconstruction filter banks by using a combination of transformation of variables and re-factorization. The transformation of variables technique was initially formulated for the design of M-D (multidimensional) filter banks. With this technique the factorization of M-D polynomials (product filter) is avoided and high quality linear phase filters with sharp frequency roll-off can be designed with ease. Although the factorization problem does not occur in the 1-D case the technique is still effective for designing 1-D filter banks as it provides the flexibility of controlling the frequency characteristics of the filters with ease. The filters obtained using this technique always have an odd number of coefficients. By using re-factorization we are able to improve the quality of the filters and also obtain filters with an even number of coefficients.
{"title":"Design of perfect reconstruction filter banks using transformation of variables and re-factorization","authors":"D. Tay","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.652209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.652209","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a technique to design 2-channel perfect reconstruction filter banks by using a combination of transformation of variables and re-factorization. The transformation of variables technique was initially formulated for the design of M-D (multidimensional) filter banks. With this technique the factorization of M-D polynomials (product filter) is avoided and high quality linear phase filters with sharp frequency roll-off can be designed with ease. Although the factorization problem does not occur in the 1-D case the technique is still effective for designing 1-D filter banks as it provides the flexibility of controlling the frequency characteristics of the filters with ease. The filters obtained using this technique always have an odd number of coefficients. By using re-factorization we are able to improve the quality of the filters and also obtain filters with an even number of coefficients.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"27 1","pages":"1349-1352 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74671387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-09DOI: 10.1109/ICICS.1997.647123
Sukyoung Lee, Joo-Seok Song
The decisions of connection admission in ATM networks should be made in real time through the use of a fast algorithm. Since it is difficult to construct an accurate model for the multiplexed traffic, approximation of the multiplexed load is necessary. We focus on a dynamic CAC (connection admission control) algorithm as a different approach, in which admission control decisions are made based on network measurements. The algorithm observes the traffic through a moving window and the window size is recomputed from the measured cell loss. This approach also makes it possible to reallocate network resources (bandwidth and buffers) for multiple traffic classes. The performance of the proposed method is analyzed by means of simulated tests.
{"title":"A measurement-based admission control algorithm using variable-sized window in ATM networks","authors":"Sukyoung Lee, Joo-Seok Song","doi":"10.1109/ICICS.1997.647123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.1997.647123","url":null,"abstract":"The decisions of connection admission in ATM networks should be made in real time through the use of a fast algorithm. Since it is difficult to construct an accurate model for the multiplexed traffic, approximation of the multiplexed load is necessary. We focus on a dynamic CAC (connection admission control) algorithm as a different approach, in which admission control decisions are made based on network measurements. The algorithm observes the traffic through a moving window and the window size is recomputed from the measured cell loss. This approach also makes it possible to reallocate network resources (bandwidth and buffers) for multiple traffic classes. The performance of the proposed method is analyzed by means of simulated tests.","PeriodicalId":71361,"journal":{"name":"信息通信技术","volume":"57 1","pages":"378-384 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75150985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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