首页 > 最新文献

Acta Scientiarum-technology最新文献

英文 中文
Optimization of osmotic pretreatment of tomato slices using response surface methodology and further hot-air drying 响应面法优化番茄片渗透预处理及进一步热风干燥
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62457
Amanda Umbelina de Souza, J. Corrêa, Ronaldo Elias de Mello Junior, Paula Giarolla Silveira, K. S. Mendonça, J. Junqueira
Tomato is one of the most cultivated vegetables, playing important role in the human feed. Due to its characteristics and composition, tomatoes present reduced shelf life, and preservative techniques are required. In this study, response surface methodology was used to optimize process conditions during the osmotic dehydration (OD) of tomato slices, through the desirability function. Optimization factors were absolute pressure (21-89 kPa), vacuum application period (7-15 min), and osmotic solution water activity (0.893-0.943), while investigated responses were sodium incorporation (NaI), water loss (WL), solid gain (SG), weight reduction (WR), and osmodehydrated product water activity (ODaw). The optimized conditions were achieved, and a further hot-air drying (HAD) was conducted at different temperatures and air velocities. During the OD, lower absolute pressure, and osmotic solution water activity led to lower NaI and higher WL and WR. Shorter drying time and higher diffusivity were obtained at higher temperature and air velocity, during the HAD. The dried tomato slices with sodium incorporation reduction were evaluated with regard to the final water activity, rehydration and color, in which no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the treatments.
番茄是栽培最多的蔬菜之一,在人类饲料中起着重要作用。由于番茄的特性和成分,它的保质期会缩短,因此需要使用防腐技术。本研究采用响应面法,通过期望函数对番茄片的渗透脱水工艺条件进行优化。优化因子为绝对压力(21 ~ 89 kPa)、真空时间(7 ~ 15 min)和渗透溶液水活度(0.893 ~ 0.943),考察因子为钠掺入(NaI)、失水(WL)、固相增加(SG)、减重(WR)和渗透脱水产物水活度(ODaw)。得到了优化条件,并在不同温度和风速下进行了进一步的热风干燥。在OD期间,较低的绝对压力和渗透溶液水活度导致较低的NaI和较高的WL和WR。干燥过程中,在较高的温度和风速下,干燥时间较短,扩散率较高。对钠掺入量减少的番茄干片进行最终水分活度、复水化和颜色评价,处理间无显著差异(p > 0.05)。
{"title":"Optimization of osmotic pretreatment of tomato slices using response surface methodology and further hot-air drying","authors":"Amanda Umbelina de Souza, J. Corrêa, Ronaldo Elias de Mello Junior, Paula Giarolla Silveira, K. S. Mendonça, J. Junqueira","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62457","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the most cultivated vegetables, playing important role in the human feed. Due to its characteristics and composition, tomatoes present reduced shelf life, and preservative techniques are required. In this study, response surface methodology was used to optimize process conditions during the osmotic dehydration (OD) of tomato slices, through the desirability function. Optimization factors were absolute pressure (21-89 kPa), vacuum application period (7-15 min), and osmotic solution water activity (0.893-0.943), while investigated responses were sodium incorporation (NaI), water loss (WL), solid gain (SG), weight reduction (WR), and osmodehydrated product water activity (ODaw). The optimized conditions were achieved, and a further hot-air drying (HAD) was conducted at different temperatures and air velocities. During the OD, lower absolute pressure, and osmotic solution water activity led to lower NaI and higher WL and WR. Shorter drying time and higher diffusivity were obtained at higher temperature and air velocity, during the HAD. The dried tomato slices with sodium incorporation reduction were evaluated with regard to the final water activity, rehydration and color, in which no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the treatments.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90674015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of the innovative capacity of countries based on their cultural dimensions: an analysis of the global innovation index 基于文化维度的国家创新能力预测:全球创新指数分析
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62018
Caio Marcelo Lourenço, F. Santos
This article seeks to examine how Hofstede's cultural dimensions act as predictive variables for country innovation. In order to clarify how national culture influence countries' capacity for innovation, regression models were developed, and comparisons were made. We will use the multivariate linear regression method for the analysis, with the scores obtained by countries in the GII as the dependent variable and the values of cultural dimensions as explanatory variables. Individualism, long-term orientation and indulgence dimensions have a positive influence on countries' innovation. However, there is a negative relationship between uncertainty to avoidance and innovation. Possible reasons for these associations may include greater professional focus, openness to new ideas and greater resistance to innovation. Since the reality of each country is different, whether due to its culture, history and social aspects or due to its geographical location and availability of natural resources, it is not possible to simply import policies from one context to another. Given these factors, an analysis is needed on how infrastructure and cultural difference can influence the innovative performance of countries. This study aims to expand the literature on how culture in its different forms assists in the innovation process of countries by presenting quantitative and qualitative results on which cultural dimensions are most relevant to innovation.
本文试图检验Hofstede的文化维度如何作为国家创新的预测变量。为了阐明民族文化如何影响国家的创新能力,我们建立了回归模型,并进行了比较。我们将使用多元线性回归方法进行分析,以各国在GII中获得的分数作为因变量,文化维度的值作为解释变量。个人主义、长期导向和放纵维度对国家创新有正向影响。然而,不确定性规避与创新之间存在负相关关系。这些联系的可能原因可能包括更多的专业关注,对新思想的开放和对创新的更大抵制。由于每个国家的现实是不同的,无论是由于其文化、历史和社会方面,还是由于其地理位置和自然资源的可用性,都不可能简单地将政策从一种情况引入另一种情况。鉴于这些因素,有必要分析基础设施和文化差异如何影响国家的创新绩效。本研究旨在通过提出与创新最相关的文化维度的定量和定性结果,扩展关于不同形式的文化如何协助国家创新过程的文献。
{"title":"Prediction of the innovative capacity of countries based on their cultural dimensions: an analysis of the global innovation index","authors":"Caio Marcelo Lourenço, F. Santos","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62018","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to examine how Hofstede's cultural dimensions act as predictive variables for country innovation. In order to clarify how national culture influence countries' capacity for innovation, regression models were developed, and comparisons were made. We will use the multivariate linear regression method for the analysis, with the scores obtained by countries in the GII as the dependent variable and the values of cultural dimensions as explanatory variables. Individualism, long-term orientation and indulgence dimensions have a positive influence on countries' innovation. However, there is a negative relationship between uncertainty to avoidance and innovation. Possible reasons for these associations may include greater professional focus, openness to new ideas and greater resistance to innovation. Since the reality of each country is different, whether due to its culture, history and social aspects or due to its geographical location and availability of natural resources, it is not possible to simply import policies from one context to another. Given these factors, an analysis is needed on how infrastructure and cultural difference can influence the innovative performance of countries. This study aims to expand the literature on how culture in its different forms assists in the innovation process of countries by presenting quantitative and qualitative results on which cultural dimensions are most relevant to innovation.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74708921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ARLE GPS: A computational tool to aid architects in spatial planning of house ARLE GPS:一个帮助建筑师进行房屋空间规划的计算工具
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62821
Daniel das Neves Martins, A. Jungles, Roberto de Oliveira
The floor plan layout (FPL) is conceptualized as an ill-defined problem, due to the identification and formulation of objectives not being fully clear in the conceptual phase of the design. A solution to this issue is to convert the ill-defined problem into a well-defined problem. That is, to make the problem explicit, already in the initial phase of the design process, so that it readily allows the architects to know the requirements and constraints, to formulate the goals, and to apply solution strategies they can manage while solving the problem. This conversion makes it possible to solve the problem by a scientific method, through mathematical modeling of the decision-making problem, rather than by a drawn method, via sketches. It allows the architect to establish a relationship between design variables and house performance attributes, and to know the limits within which the solution, or solutions, can be found, aiding him in generating optimized solutions. In order to contribute to the solution of this issue, we present the computational tool ARLE GPS (geometric planning solver). The tool acts as a physical-biological model of the FPL of house. The physical model is structured by a sophisticated mathematical model, which provides a set of metrics for objective (mathematical) analysis and evaluation, simulation, optimization, rating, and solution selection. The biological model collects, stores, transcribes, and retrieves genetic information from the FPL. The functionality of the physical-biological model allows to construct and explore physical-biological design spaces of FPL, and to establish their value spaces. Its operationalization occurred as an innovative acting tool in the housing architecture design education system.
由于在设计的概念阶段没有完全清楚地确定和制定目标,因此平面图布局(FPL)被概念化为一个定义不清的问题。解决这个问题的方法是将不明确的问题转化为明确定义的问题。也就是说,要在设计过程的初始阶段就明确问题,这样架构师就可以很容易地了解需求和约束,制定目标,并在解决问题时应用他们可以管理的解决方案策略。这种转换使得用科学的方法解决问题成为可能,通过对决策问题进行数学建模,而不是通过绘图的方法,通过草图。它允许建筑师建立设计变量和房屋性能属性之间的关系,并了解解决方案的限制,或解决方案,可以找到,帮助他生成优化的解决方案。为了有助于解决这一问题,我们提出了计算工具ARLE GPS(几何规划求解器)。该工具作为房屋FPL的物理-生物模型。物理模型由复杂的数学模型构建,该数学模型为客观(数学)分析和评估、模拟、优化、评级和解决方案选择提供了一组度量。生物模型收集、储存、转录和检索FPL的遗传信息。物理-生物模型的功能允许构建和探索FPL的物理-生物设计空间,并建立其价值空间。它的运作是作为一种创新的行为工具在住房建筑设计教育体系中发生的。
{"title":"ARLE GPS: A computational tool to aid architects in spatial planning of house","authors":"Daniel das Neves Martins, A. Jungles, Roberto de Oliveira","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62821","url":null,"abstract":"The floor plan layout (FPL) is conceptualized as an ill-defined problem, due to the identification and formulation of objectives not being fully clear in the conceptual phase of the design. A solution to this issue is to convert the ill-defined problem into a well-defined problem. That is, to make the problem explicit, already in the initial phase of the design process, so that it readily allows the architects to know the requirements and constraints, to formulate the goals, and to apply solution strategies they can manage while solving the problem. This conversion makes it possible to solve the problem by a scientific method, through mathematical modeling of the decision-making problem, rather than by a drawn method, via sketches. It allows the architect to establish a relationship between design variables and house performance attributes, and to know the limits within which the solution, or solutions, can be found, aiding him in generating optimized solutions. In order to contribute to the solution of this issue, we present the computational tool ARLE GPS (geometric planning solver). The tool acts as a physical-biological model of the FPL of house. The physical model is structured by a sophisticated mathematical model, which provides a set of metrics for objective (mathematical) analysis and evaluation, simulation, optimization, rating, and solution selection. The biological model collects, stores, transcribes, and retrieves genetic information from the FPL. The functionality of the physical-biological model allows to construct and explore physical-biological design spaces of FPL, and to establish their value spaces. Its operationalization occurred as an innovative acting tool in the housing architecture design education system.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81358247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of remotely piloted aircraft systems in monitoring pest and diseases in agricultural crops: global literature review 遥控飞机系统在农作物病虫害监测中的应用:全球文献综述
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61034
F. Eugenio, Filipe Rocha Louzada Soares, Jaine Honorato Oliveira da Silva, Régis Ruoso, R. Fantinel
The use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) as Remote Sensing platforms has been gaining more and more applicability in various fields of study, one of them being the agricultural sector. The interest in this technology segment is mainly due to its flexibility to acquire high-resolution data quickly. Data that helps, for example, identify and monitor pests and diseases. Therefore, this work aims to develop a systematic analysis at a global level to assess the evolution of publications over the years and the current state of the art in the use of RPAS technology in monitoring pests and diseases in crops. Twenty-nine scientific articles came from the Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar platforms, identifying the places of origin of publications, agricultural species, platforms, and sensors. China and the United States published most of the works. Multirotor platforms have been more used compared to fixed-wing platforms. RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) and Multispectral sensors totaled 25% and 40.44%, respectively. It is expected that technological advances and RPAS improvement increasingly strengthened the control of pests and diseases in crops, contributing to a greater appreciation of the benefits of this system.
使用遥控飞机系统(RPAS)作为遥感平台在各个研究领域得到越来越多的应用,其中之一是农业部门。对这一技术领域的兴趣主要是由于其快速获取高分辨率数据的灵活性。例如,有助于识别和监测病虫害的数据。因此,这项工作的目的是在全球一级进行系统分析,以评估多年来出版物的演变和利用RPAS技术监测作物病虫害的最新状况。29篇科学文章来自Web of Science、Scopus和Google Scholar平台,确定了出版物的原产地、农业物种、平台和传感器。中国和美国出版了大部分作品。与固定翼平台相比,多旋翼平台的应用越来越广泛。RGB (Red, Green, and Blue)和多光谱传感器占比分别为25%和40.44%。预期技术的进步和区域农业系统的改进日益加强了对作物病虫害的控制,从而使人们更加认识到该系统的好处。
{"title":"Use of remotely piloted aircraft systems in monitoring pest and diseases in agricultural crops: global literature review","authors":"F. Eugenio, Filipe Rocha Louzada Soares, Jaine Honorato Oliveira da Silva, Régis Ruoso, R. Fantinel","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61034","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) as Remote Sensing platforms has been gaining more and more applicability in various fields of study, one of them being the agricultural sector. The interest in this technology segment is mainly due to its flexibility to acquire high-resolution data quickly. Data that helps, for example, identify and monitor pests and diseases. Therefore, this work aims to develop a systematic analysis at a global level to assess the evolution of publications over the years and the current state of the art in the use of RPAS technology in monitoring pests and diseases in crops. Twenty-nine scientific articles came from the Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar platforms, identifying the places of origin of publications, agricultural species, platforms, and sensors. China and the United States published most of the works. Multirotor platforms have been more used compared to fixed-wing platforms. RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) and Multispectral sensors totaled 25% and 40.44%, respectively. It is expected that technological advances and RPAS improvement increasingly strengthened the control of pests and diseases in crops, contributing to a greater appreciation of the benefits of this system.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73195763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interaction between attribute importance and user satisfaction on the promotion of public transport 属性重要性与用户满意度对公共交通推广的交互作用
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.58727
Natalia Assunção Brasil Silva, H. Pitanga, T. Silva, L. Oliveira, Paulo César Emiliano
Latin American countries have common characteristics: increase in automobile use, and decrease in the interest of users for public transport by bus caused by unsustainable urban mobility. Of these, users’ interest in public transport by bus has the most significant potential for sustainable transport changes. Therefore, this paper aimed to understand how the interaction between the importance and satisfaction of users to transport attributes can help promote the increase in the passengers’ transport demand in medium-sized cities of developing countries. The interaction between the users’ stated importance and the users’ satisfaction for automobile and public transport by bus was analyzed regarding attributes of safety, comfort, transport costs, and travel time. The study was performed in the city of Barreiras, state of Bahia, Brazil. Likert scale data analysis used three approaches that set unique importance and satisfaction ratings employed on the graphic tool Importance-Performance Analysis. It was concluded that interaction between the data of importance and satisfaction is effective, reliable, and allows the comparative analysis between the transport attributes, enabling the prioritization of strategies that help the promotion of passenger transport.
拉丁美洲国家的共同特点是:汽车使用量增加,而由于城市交通不可持续,用户对公共交通的兴趣下降。其中,用户对公共交通的兴趣对可持续交通变革具有最大的潜力。因此,本文旨在了解用户对交通属性的重要性和满意度之间的相互作用如何有助于促进发展中国家中等城市乘客交通需求的增加。从安全性、舒适性、交通成本和出行时间等方面分析了用户对汽车和公共交通的重视程度与用户满意度之间的交互关系。这项研究是在巴西巴伊亚州巴雷拉斯市进行的。李克特量表数据分析使用三种方法,在图形工具重要性-绩效分析上设置独特的重要性和满意度评级。结果表明,重要性和满意度数据之间的交互作用是有效的、可靠的,并且可以对运输属性进行比较分析,从而实现有助于促进客运的优先策略。
{"title":"Interaction between attribute importance and user satisfaction on the promotion of public transport","authors":"Natalia Assunção Brasil Silva, H. Pitanga, T. Silva, L. Oliveira, Paulo César Emiliano","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.58727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.58727","url":null,"abstract":"Latin American countries have common characteristics: increase in automobile use, and decrease in the interest of users for public transport by bus caused by unsustainable urban mobility. Of these, users’ interest in public transport by bus has the most significant potential for sustainable transport changes. Therefore, this paper aimed to understand how the interaction between the importance and satisfaction of users to transport attributes can help promote the increase in the passengers’ transport demand in medium-sized cities of developing countries. The interaction between the users’ stated importance and the users’ satisfaction for automobile and public transport by bus was analyzed regarding attributes of safety, comfort, transport costs, and travel time. The study was performed in the city of Barreiras, state of Bahia, Brazil. Likert scale data analysis used three approaches that set unique importance and satisfaction ratings employed on the graphic tool Importance-Performance Analysis. It was concluded that interaction between the data of importance and satisfaction is effective, reliable, and allows the comparative analysis between the transport attributes, enabling the prioritization of strategies that help the promotion of passenger transport.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86799650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of feeding molar rate in mini fixed bed reactor for methanol steam reforming with pre-optimized composition of CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst 预优化CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂组合对甲醇蒸汽重整小型固定床反应器进料摩尔速率的影响
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60830
Leonardo Silva Prado de Oliveira, R. D. T. Barreto, F. A. Silva, L. M. D. M. Jorge
Hydrogen gas is an ideal fuel due to its higher calorific value among fuels and minimal environmental impact on their energy applications. However, the high cost around high reactivity, explosion risks and extremely low energy density, make it unfeasible to be used as fuel in large quantities scale. There are some possibilities to circumvent these limitations, including obtaining and converting energy through fuel cells, which is very promising. Research in this field has been summarized in recent decades, motivated by the environmental problems faced due to the dependence on non-renewable energy matrices. From this, this study aimed to improve the steam methanol reforming using CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, N2 physisorption and XRD. Catalytic tests were carried out in a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor at 300°C, atmospheric pressure and in differential conditions (methanol conversion < 10%); a previous run for catalyst synthesis validation in relation to the results obtained in the literature for the same conditions was evaluated. Subsequently, it was found that the thermal degradation of methanol at 300°C without the presence of the catalyst was negligible, and then operational conditions were established to obtain methanol conversions lower than 10%. Then, the initial deactivation of the catalyst over 31h. Also identifying the stability after 7 h in reaction with average conversion into 9.7% of methanol, showing high stability, in addition to good reproducibility on the part of synthesis in optimal composition. Then, experiments were carried out for the molar ratios 2:1 and 4:1 with methanol conversions of 15.5% and 6.6%, respectively. Note that performing the average of the 4:1 and 2:1 methanol conversion in 14.6% obtained at indicating that the upper boundary molar ratios (4:1) compensates for the conversion reduction in 2:1, achieving a result superior to the reference 3:1.
氢气是一种理想的燃料,因为它在燃料中具有较高的热值,并且对其能源应用的环境影响最小。然而,由于其高反应性、爆炸危险性和极低的能量密度,使得其成本高,无法作为燃料进行大规模应用。有一些可能性可以绕过这些限制,包括通过燃料电池获得和转换能量,这是非常有前途的。近几十年来,由于依赖不可再生能源矩阵所面临的环境问题,这一领域的研究得到了总结。基于此,本研究旨在改进CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂的蒸汽甲醇重整。采用原子吸收光谱、N2物理吸附和XRD对催化剂进行了表征。在实验室规模的固定床反应器中,在300°C、常压和不同条件下(甲醇转化率< 10%)进行催化试验;先前运行的催化剂合成验证与文献中获得的相同条件下的结果进行了评估。随后,发现在没有催化剂存在的情况下,甲醇在300℃下的热降解可以忽略不计,然后建立了操作条件,以获得低于10%的甲醇转化率。然后,对催化剂进行初始失活31h。同时对反应7 h后的稳定性进行了鉴定,平均转化率为9.7%的甲醇,表现出较高的稳定性,并且在最佳组成下的合成重现性好。然后,在摩尔比为2:1和4:1,甲醇转化率分别为15.5%和6.6%的条件下进行了实验。请注意,在表明上界摩尔比(4:1)补偿2:1的转化减少时,执行4:1和2:1甲醇转化率的平均值为14.6%,获得优于参考3:1的结果。
{"title":"Evaluation of feeding molar rate in mini fixed bed reactor for methanol steam reforming with pre-optimized composition of CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst","authors":"Leonardo Silva Prado de Oliveira, R. D. T. Barreto, F. A. Silva, L. M. D. M. Jorge","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60830","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen gas is an ideal fuel due to its higher calorific value among fuels and minimal environmental impact on their energy applications. However, the high cost around high reactivity, explosion risks and extremely low energy density, make it unfeasible to be used as fuel in large quantities scale. There are some possibilities to circumvent these limitations, including obtaining and converting energy through fuel cells, which is very promising. Research in this field has been summarized in recent decades, motivated by the environmental problems faced due to the dependence on non-renewable energy matrices. From this, this study aimed to improve the steam methanol reforming using CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, N2 physisorption and XRD. Catalytic tests were carried out in a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor at 300°C, atmospheric pressure and in differential conditions (methanol conversion < 10%); a previous run for catalyst synthesis validation in relation to the results obtained in the literature for the same conditions was evaluated. Subsequently, it was found that the thermal degradation of methanol at 300°C without the presence of the catalyst was negligible, and then operational conditions were established to obtain methanol conversions lower than 10%. Then, the initial deactivation of the catalyst over 31h. Also identifying the stability after 7 h in reaction with average conversion into 9.7% of methanol, showing high stability, in addition to good reproducibility on the part of synthesis in optimal composition. Then, experiments were carried out for the molar ratios 2:1 and 4:1 with methanol conversions of 15.5% and 6.6%, respectively. Note that performing the average of the 4:1 and 2:1 methanol conversion in 14.6% obtained at indicating that the upper boundary molar ratios (4:1) compensates for the conversion reduction in 2:1, achieving a result superior to the reference 3:1.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85979876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Citizens’ perception analysis of public transport and smart technologies in the Brazilian capitals during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic SARS-CoV-2大流行期间巴西首都市民对公共交通和智能技术的认知分析
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61329
Victor Garcia Figueirôa-Ferreira, Tatiane Borchers, R. A. Ribeiro, R. Fernandes
Amidst the consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the overall trip decrease and public transport modal share contraction pose a critical dilemma towards urban mobility. Through a questionnaire in Brazilian capitals, the present article considered (1) the citizens’ safety perception of urban mobility and public transport before and during the pandemic, (2) an estimated perception of the post-pandemic, (3) perception of safety regarding both traditional and smart measures, and (4) the concern about data use and privacy. Findings indicated an increase in private cars (41%) and ride-sourcing services (442%) use and a decrease in public transport modes during the pandemic, with an expectation of a post-pandemic modal split following the same pattern. According to respondents, most measures implemented resumes to traditional individual ones, without a systemic approach or smart initiatives. About the latter, a contrasting result was obtained, where there is a high safety perception if implemented with a low security perception over data use and privacy. In this sense, operators, public authorities, city planners and users must observe systemic sanitary measures, regulatory laws and transparency over data use and privacy, democratic and inclusive decision-making processes to address urban vulnerabilities and ensure safe public transport during and after the pandemic.
在新冠肺炎大流行的影响下,出行总量的减少和公共交通方式份额的收缩给城市交通带来了严峻的困境。通过在巴西首都进行问卷调查,本文考虑了(1)大流行之前和期间公民对城市交通和公共交通的安全感知,(2)大流行后的估计感知,(3)对传统和智能措施的安全感知,以及(4)对数据使用和隐私的关注。调查结果表明,在大流行期间,私家车(41%)和叫车服务(442%)的使用有所增加,公共交通工具的使用有所减少,预计大流行后的交通方式分裂将遵循相同的模式。根据受访者的说法,大多数措施将简历实施到传统的个人简历,没有系统的方法或聪明的举措。关于后者,获得了对比的结果,如果在数据使用和隐私方面实现低安全感知,则存在高安全感知。从这个意义上说,运营商、公共当局、城市规划者和用户必须遵守系统的卫生措施、监管法律和数据使用和隐私方面的透明度,以及民主和包容性的决策进程,以解决城市脆弱性问题,并确保大流行期间和之后的公共交通安全。
{"title":"Citizens’ perception analysis of public transport and smart technologies in the Brazilian capitals during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","authors":"Victor Garcia Figueirôa-Ferreira, Tatiane Borchers, R. A. Ribeiro, R. Fernandes","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61329","url":null,"abstract":"Amidst the consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the overall trip decrease and public transport modal share contraction pose a critical dilemma towards urban mobility. Through a questionnaire in Brazilian capitals, the present article considered (1) the citizens’ safety perception of urban mobility and public transport before and during the pandemic, (2) an estimated perception of the post-pandemic, (3) perception of safety regarding both traditional and smart measures, and (4) the concern about data use and privacy. Findings indicated an increase in private cars (41%) and ride-sourcing services (442%) use and a decrease in public transport modes during the pandemic, with an expectation of a post-pandemic modal split following the same pattern. According to respondents, most measures implemented resumes to traditional individual ones, without a systemic approach or smart initiatives. About the latter, a contrasting result was obtained, where there is a high safety perception if implemented with a low security perception over data use and privacy. In this sense, operators, public authorities, city planners and users must observe systemic sanitary measures, regulatory laws and transparency over data use and privacy, democratic and inclusive decision-making processes to address urban vulnerabilities and ensure safe public transport during and after the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82238723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Canonical correlation analysis applied to regulated deficit irrigation in ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango trees 典型相关分析在“Tommy Atkins”芒果树调节亏缺灌溉中的应用
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62882
Caroline Batista Gonçalves Dias, M. R. D. Santos, S. Donato, A. M. Azevedo
The objective was to identify the effect of regulated deficit irrigation on physiological, yield and root descriptors of ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango tree grown in a semi-arid region of Brazil. The work was carried out during two production cycles on an 11-year-old mango orchard. The design was randomized blocks with five treatments and six replications. Irrigation treatments were based on the trees’ development stage: T1, irrigation supplying 100% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) in three production stages: fruit set stage (SI), fruit expansion stage (SII), and physiological maturation stage of the fruits (SIII); T2, 50% ETc in SI and 100% ETc in SII and SIII; T3, 100% ETc in SI and SIII and 50% ETc in SII; T4, 100% ETc in SI and SII, and 50% ETc in SIII; and T5, without irrigation in all three stages. Physiological data were measured once per stage. After harvesting the second cycle, roots were collected, following a completely randomized design, with five treatments and three replications, to determine the total root length density. Total or partial water deficit in ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango trees was identified by decreasing transpiration (E) and photosynthesis (A) and increasing leaf temperature (Tleaf). The total root length density is similar in all irrigation strategies up to 1 m horizontal distance and 0.10 m depth. Water deficit applied in the physiological maturation stage improves yield and water use efficiency.
目的是确定调节亏缺灌溉对生长在巴西半干旱地区的“Tommy Atkins”芒果树的生理、产量和根系描述的影响。这项工作分两个生产周期在一个有11年历史的芒果果园进行。设计为随机分组,5个处理,6个重复。灌溉处理以树木发育阶段T1为基础,在坐果期(SI)、果实膨大期(SII)和果实生理成熟期(SIII) 3个生产阶段提供100%作物蒸散量(ETc)灌溉;T2, 50% ETc在SI和100% ETc在SII和SIII;T3,在SI和SIII中100% ETc,在SII中50% ETc;T4, SI和SII组100% ETc, SIII组50% ETc;T5,三个阶段均不灌水。每个阶段测量一次生理数据。第二周期收获后,采根,采用完全随机设计,5个处理,3个重复,以确定总根长密度。通过蒸腾作用(E)和光合作用(A)的降低和叶温(leaf)的升高,可以确定“Tommy Atkins”芒果树的全部或部分水分亏缺。在1 m水平距离和0.10 m深度范围内,所有灌溉策略的总根长密度相似。生理成熟期水分亏缺可提高产量和水分利用效率。
{"title":"Canonical correlation analysis applied to regulated deficit irrigation in ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango trees","authors":"Caroline Batista Gonçalves Dias, M. R. D. Santos, S. Donato, A. M. Azevedo","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.62882","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to identify the effect of regulated deficit irrigation on physiological, yield and root descriptors of ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango tree grown in a semi-arid region of Brazil. The work was carried out during two production cycles on an 11-year-old mango orchard. The design was randomized blocks with five treatments and six replications. Irrigation treatments were based on the trees’ development stage: T1, irrigation supplying 100% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) in three production stages: fruit set stage (SI), fruit expansion stage (SII), and physiological maturation stage of the fruits (SIII); T2, 50% ETc in SI and 100% ETc in SII and SIII; T3, 100% ETc in SI and SIII and 50% ETc in SII; T4, 100% ETc in SI and SII, and 50% ETc in SIII; and T5, without irrigation in all three stages. Physiological data were measured once per stage. After harvesting the second cycle, roots were collected, following a completely randomized design, with five treatments and three replications, to determine the total root length density. Total or partial water deficit in ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango trees was identified by decreasing transpiration (E) and photosynthesis (A) and increasing leaf temperature (Tleaf). The total root length density is similar in all irrigation strategies up to 1 m horizontal distance and 0.10 m depth. Water deficit applied in the physiological maturation stage improves yield and water use efficiency.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75512206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mixture models of probability distributions applied to rainfall in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil 混合概率分布模型应用于巴西伯南布哥州的降雨
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60621
L. D. Silva, Edgo Jackson Pinto Santiago, Frank Gomes-Silva, Antonio Samuel Alves da Silva, R. Menezes
The Brazilian semi-arid region is recurrently affected by the scarcity of water that marks the landscape as it prints periods of severe drought. Therefore, rainfall in this region greatly influences plant growth in regional hydrological processes that affect droughts or floods. It is of practical interest to assess how changes in rainfall patterns occur to anticipate hydrological dynamics. However, this is not easy as climate change reshapes global hydrology. Thus, assertive forecasting has become rare and imputed estimates of a reasonable degree of uncertainty. The objective of this work was to verify from the mixture of exponential, gamma, beta, log-normal, Weibull, normal, log-logistic, and exponentiated log-logistic distributions, which best fits the monthly rainfall of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The data used came from 133 monthly rainfall series (1950 to 2012) distributed over the state of Pernambuco. The Maximum Likelihood Method estimated all parameters. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov adherence test was applied at 5% probability to assess the adjustments. The least rejected distributions in the adherence test were Weibull, gamma, and beta; October presented the smallest number of distributions considered adequate to model monthly rainfall. More than 99% of the rain gauge stations had some adequate probabilistic distribution to model monthly rainfall in March. For most months, except for March, the Weibull distribution was the most suitable for modeling the monthly rainfall in the vast majority of rain gauge stations of Pernambuco.
巴西半干旱地区经常受到缺水的影响,这标志着该地区出现了严重干旱时期。因此,在影响干旱或洪水的区域水文过程中,该地区的降雨对植物生长有很大的影响。评估降雨模式的变化如何发生以预测水文动力学是有实际意义的。然而,这并不容易,因为气候变化重塑了全球水文。因此,武断的预测已变得罕见,并对合理程度的不确定性进行了估算。这项工作的目的是从指数分布、伽马分布、beta分布、对数正态分布、威布尔分布、正态分布、对数逻辑分布和指数对数逻辑分布的混合中验证最适合巴西伯南布哥州的月降雨量。使用的数据来自分布在伯南布哥州的133个月降雨系列(1950年至2012年)。最大似然法估计所有参数。以5%的概率应用Kolmogorov-Smirnov依从性检验来评估调整。依从性测试中拒绝率最低的分布是Weibull、gamma和beta;10月是被认为足以模拟月降雨量的分布最少的月份。超过99%的雨量站有足够的概率分布来模拟三月的月雨量。除3月份外,绝大多数月份,威布尔分布最适合模拟伯南布哥省绝大多数雨量站的月降雨量。
{"title":"Mixture models of probability distributions applied to rainfall in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil","authors":"L. D. Silva, Edgo Jackson Pinto Santiago, Frank Gomes-Silva, Antonio Samuel Alves da Silva, R. Menezes","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60621","url":null,"abstract":"The Brazilian semi-arid region is recurrently affected by the scarcity of water that marks the landscape as it prints periods of severe drought. Therefore, rainfall in this region greatly influences plant growth in regional hydrological processes that affect droughts or floods. It is of practical interest to assess how changes in rainfall patterns occur to anticipate hydrological dynamics. However, this is not easy as climate change reshapes global hydrology. Thus, assertive forecasting has become rare and imputed estimates of a reasonable degree of uncertainty. The objective of this work was to verify from the mixture of exponential, gamma, beta, log-normal, Weibull, normal, log-logistic, and exponentiated log-logistic distributions, which best fits the monthly rainfall of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The data used came from 133 monthly rainfall series (1950 to 2012) distributed over the state of Pernambuco. The Maximum Likelihood Method estimated all parameters. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov adherence test was applied at 5% probability to assess the adjustments. The least rejected distributions in the adherence test were Weibull, gamma, and beta; October presented the smallest number of distributions considered adequate to model monthly rainfall. More than 99% of the rain gauge stations had some adequate probabilistic distribution to model monthly rainfall in March. For most months, except for March, the Weibull distribution was the most suitable for modeling the monthly rainfall in the vast majority of rain gauge stations of Pernambuco.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88183451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Normal-tangent-logarithm-(G_1,G_2 ): a class of probabilistic distributions depending on two baselines 正切对数-(G_1,G_2):一类依赖于两条基线的概率分布
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61519
Natália Moraes Cordeiro, Frank Gomes-Silva, C. Brito, J. Jale, J. Vasconcelos
Based on the normal distribution, a new generator of continuous distributions is presented using the monotonic functions  and , such that  and  are the baselines. A study of identifiability of the proposed class is exhibited as well as the series expansions for its cumulative distribution function and probability density function. Additionally, some mathematical properties of the class are discussed, namely, the raw moments, the central moments, the moment generating function, the characteristic function, the derivatives of the log-likelihood function, and a study of the support.  A numerical analysis comprising a simulation study and an application to real data is presented. Comparisons between the proposed model and other well-known models evince its potentialities and modeling benefits.
在正态分布的基础上,利用单调函数和,提出了一种新的连续分布生成器,以和为基线。研究了该类的可辨识性,并给出了该类的累积分布函数和概率密度函数的级数展开式。此外,还讨论了该类的一些数学性质,即原始矩、中心矩、矩生成函数、特征函数、对数似然函数的导数,并研究了支持度。给出了一个数值分析,包括模拟研究和实际数据的应用。将该模型与其他已知模型进行比较,证明了该模型的潜力和建模优势。
{"title":"Normal-tangent-logarithm-(G_1,G_2 ): a class of probabilistic distributions depending on two baselines","authors":"Natália Moraes Cordeiro, Frank Gomes-Silva, C. Brito, J. Jale, J. Vasconcelos","doi":"10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61519","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the normal distribution, a new generator of continuous distributions is presented using the monotonic functions  and , such that  and  are the baselines. A study of identifiability of the proposed class is exhibited as well as the series expansions for its cumulative distribution function and probability density function. Additionally, some mathematical properties of the class are discussed, namely, the raw moments, the central moments, the moment generating function, the characteristic function, the derivatives of the log-likelihood function, and a study of the support.  A numerical analysis comprising a simulation study and an application to real data is presented. Comparisons between the proposed model and other well-known models evince its potentialities and modeling benefits.","PeriodicalId":7140,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89668263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Acta Scientiarum-technology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1