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Multimethod simulation approach for capacity design of a truck parking area in city ports 城市港口货车停车区容量设计的多方法仿真方法
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-07-28 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.58110
Mehmet Sinan Yıldırım, M. Aydın, Ümit Gökkuş
The port induced freight can cause traffic congestion problems in city ports if road freight transportation is used. The secondary congestion problem arises from the pooling of the trucks at the port gates because of the delays of the port operations. The absence of the truck parking areas inside the port causes additional truck trips between the port and auxiliary truck servicing areas around the port. For reducing the impacts of the associated problems of the port induced truck traffic, truck parking areas can be used as buffer zones between the port and city. The purpose of this study is to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) with using multimethod simulation and cost optimization model for the capacity design of a truck parking area for a city port. The preliminary design of the parking area is used to estimate the development cost and outputs of the simulation model is coupled for the capacity optimization for truck arrival scenarios. The methodology is implemented for a case study of the İzmir city port in Turkey. The results of the study indicated that significantly different parking area capacities are required for different truck dwell times for the time restricted and unrestricted truck arrivals
港口诱导货物如果采用公路货物运输,会造成城市港口交通拥堵问题。第二个拥堵问题是由于港口作业的延误而导致卡车在港口门口汇合。由于港口内没有卡车停车区,导致港口和港口周围的辅助卡车服务区之间的卡车行程增加。为了减少港口引起的卡车交通相关问题的影响,卡车停车区可以作为港口和城市之间的缓冲区。本研究的目的是开发一个决策支持系统(DSS),采用多方法模拟和成本优化模型,为城市港口的卡车停放区容量设计。利用停车面积的初步设计估算开发成本,并结合仿真模型的输出对货车到达场景进行容量优化。该方法用于土耳其İzmir城市港口的案例研究。研究结果表明,对于限时和限时货车,不同停留时间所需的停车面积容量有显著差异
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引用次数: 0
Biogas production and composition optimization in an anaerobic digestor using cheese whey and swine manure as substrate 以干酪乳清和猪粪为底物的厌氧沼气池沼气生产及组成优化
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.56923
L. Machado, A. H. Ferrarez, J. Lugon Junior, Fernando César Alves
The search for new sources of energy has intensified these days due to the environmental impacts caused by fossil fuels. The tripod composed of energy, food and water is the base of human existence. Food production implies the generation of organic waste and the need to manage it properly. The dairy and pig farming sectors have an essential role in the Brazilian economy, producing a large amount of waste. One energy and environmental alternative to treat this issue is anaerobic digestion. Here we aimed to optimize the production and composition of biogas obtained from cheese whey and swine manure. Batch-scale laboratory tests were performed on bench anaerobic digesters for 65 days with 6 triplicates loaded with different proportions of cheese whey and swine manure. The proportion of 50% cheese whey and 50% swine manure presented the highest biogas production and methane concentration (CH4).
由于化石燃料对环境造成的影响,目前对新能源的探索已经加强。能量、食物和水组成的三脚架是人类生存的基础。粮食生产意味着产生有机废物,需要对其进行适当管理。乳制品和养猪业在巴西经济中发挥着重要作用,产生了大量的废物。解决这个问题的一个能源和环境替代方案是厌氧消化。在此,我们旨在优化奶酪乳清和猪粪产生的沼气的生产和组成。在台式厌氧沼气池上进行了批量实验室试验,6个3个重复,分别加载不同比例的奶酪乳清和猪粪,试验持续65天。奶酪乳清和猪粪比例分别为50%和50%时,产气量和甲烷浓度最高。
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引用次数: 0
Defining cost standard and new algorithm for economic leakage level components in water loss management 确定失水管理中经济渗漏水平部件的成本标准和新算法
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.57829
S. Yilmaz, Abdullah Ateş, M. Firat, Ö. Özdemir
Methods and tools used to reduce leakage in distribution systems are often time consuming and costly and require special requirements. Therefore, cost-benefit analysis is very important for basic reduction methods applied in water loss management. In this study, cost and benefit analysis standards were developed for basic methods such as pressure management, number of teams, and pipe rehabilitation and active leakage control, in managing leakages. Moreover, a new cost algorithmic structure was developed and the economically recoverable water amount was determined by applying calculation tool developed to make detailed analyzes systematically and accurately. The most important advantage of this study is the development of an economic analysis model and algorithmic structure for basic reduction methods according to field data. It is thought that the cost analysis and algorithmic structures developed will make a significant contribution to the economic leakage level analysis and serve as a reference for sustainable water loss management.
用于减少配电系统泄漏的方法和工具通常既耗时又昂贵,并且需要特殊要求。因此,成本效益分析对于基本减量方法在失水管理中的应用是非常重要的。本研究针对泄漏管理的基本方法,如压力管理、队伍数量、管道修复和主动泄漏控制等,制定了成本效益分析标准。开发了新的成本算法结构,并应用开发的计算工具对经济可采水量进行了系统、准确的详细分析,确定了经济可采水量。本研究最重要的优势是根据现场数据建立了基本约简方法的经济分析模型和算法结构。所开发的成本分析和算法结构将对经济渗漏水平分析做出重要贡献,并为可持续的失水管理提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of vinasse by adsorption on activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse agglomerated with Al2O3 Al2O3凝聚蔗渣活性炭吸附处理酒糟
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.56265
R. P. Nippes, P. D. Macruz, N. Fernandes, M. L. Gimenes
The objective of this work was to produce and characterize activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse agglomerated with Alumina (Al2O3) and apply it in treatment of vinasse pretreated by coagulation-flocculation to reduce the toxics parameters of vinasse. The adsorbent was characterized from textural analysis, XRD, pHZPC, SEM and EDS. Adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of the process were obtained. The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data better and the pseudo-first-order model best represented the adsorption kinetics. The process was spontaneous, exothermic and with increased entropy. The combined coagulation-flocculation/adsorption process was efficient in reducing the parameters of color, turbidity, COD, TOC and toxicity of the vinasse with removal rates of 73.50, 96.06, 72.65, 76.08, 78% respectively.
以甘蔗渣为原料,以氧化铝(Al2O3)为原料制备活性炭并对其进行表征,并将其应用于混凝-絮凝预处理的酒液中,以降低酒液的毒性参数。通过结构分析、XRD、pHZPC、SEM和EDS等手段对吸附剂进行了表征。得到了吸附等温线、吸附动力学和热力学参数。Langmuir等温线模型与实验数据拟合较好,拟一阶模型最能反映吸附动力学。这个过程是自发的、放热的、熵增加的。混凝-絮凝/吸附联合工艺对降低酒渣的色度、浊度、COD、TOC和毒性等指标均有较好的效果,去除率分别为73.50%、96.06、72.65、76.08和78%。
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引用次数: 2
Study of the geotechnical behavior of soil-cement reinforced with plastic bottle fibers 塑料瓶纤维加筋水泥土力学性能研究
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.57826
Daniely Camargos Lucarelli, H. Pitanga, M. Marques, T. Silva, R. Ferraz, D. Nunes
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of adding plastic bottle fibers to soil-cement mixtures and the possible improvements generated by the addition of a blend of two types of additives, namely, additive 1 (waterproofing improver) and additive 2 (adhesion enhancer), in the compactability and shear strength parameters of soil-cement-plastic fiber mixtures, considering a tropical residual soil. The fibers used in this study are made of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), produced from soft drink bottles, and added to the soil with 2 mm width and 1 cm length, in the content of 1% in relation to soil dry mass. Also, contents of 3% and 5% Portland cement, in relation to soil dry mass and two additives, additive 1 at a ratio of 0.25 kg m-³ dry soil and additive 2 at a ratio of 0.60 kg m-³ dry soil, were used to evaluate the possible effect of these variables on the investigated engineering behavior parameters. The compaction results indicated that the inclusion of PET fibers in soil-cement mixtures tends to decrease the maximum dry unit weight compared to fiber-free mixtures. Also, if compared to soil-cement-fiber mixtures, the incorporation of additives to soil-cement-fiber composites resulted in higher values of maximum dry unit weight and lower values of optimum moisture content, but still maintaining values lower than obtained for compacted soil. Results of the direct shear test showed enhanced shear strength with the addition of fibers to soil-cement, for both the parameter of cohesion and the internal friction angle of the material in comparison to fiber-free composites, which demonstrates the potential application of these composites in geotechnical works.
本研究旨在评估在土-水混合料中添加塑料瓶纤维的影响,以及在考虑热带残余土的情况下,添加两种添加剂(即添加剂1(防水改进剂)和添加剂2(附着力增强剂)对土-水-塑料纤维混合料的压实性和抗剪强度参数可能产生的改善。本研究使用的纤维由软饮料瓶生产的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)制成,并添加到宽度为2mm,长度为1cm的土壤中,含量为土壤干质量的1%。此外,3%和5%波特兰水泥的含量,相对于土壤干质量和两种添加剂,添加剂1的比例为0.25 kg m-³干土和添加剂2的比例为0.60 kg m-³干土,以评估这些变量可能对所研究的工程行为参数的影响。压实结果表明,与不含纤维的土-水泥土混合料相比,掺入PET纤维有降低最大干重的趋势。此外,如果与土-水泥-纤维混合物相比,添加添加剂的土-水泥-纤维复合材料导致最大干单位重值更高,最佳含水量值更低,但仍然保持低于压实土的值。直剪试验结果表明,与不含纤维的复合材料相比,加入纤维的水泥土的抗剪强度和材料的内摩擦角参数均有所提高,这表明了这些复合材料在岩土工程中的潜在应用前景。
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引用次数: 2
Use of biostimulants in millet as strategies for tolerance to salinity of irrigation water 谷子生物刺激剂对灌溉水盐分耐受性的影响
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.59126
V. Simões, M. L. D. M. V. Leite, L. Lucena, J. R. Silva, José Lypson Pinto Simões Izidro, E. Souza
Millet is grass with high forage potential in semi-arid regions, both for its versatility of use and nutritional quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a biostimulant and the plant extract (Cyperus rotundus) on the growth forage, and grain production in millet (cultivar IPA BULK 1BF) submitted to salt stress conditions. The research was carried out at the Serra Talhada Academic Unit, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, in the Semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil, from February to April 2017. The experiment was installed in randomized blocks, in a 3x4 factorial scheme, composed of a biostimulant (ACADIAN®), nutsedge extract, and the control, in four salinity levels of the irrigation water, electrical conductivities of 0, 1, 2 and 4 dS m-1, with four repetitions. Biometric analysis of all plants was carried out weekly to monitor crop growth. At 77 days after emergence, measures of net CO2 assimilation and transpiration rates were obtained. The harvest occurred with the maturation of the grains (ED9), being analyzed the dry mass of the different morphological components of the plant. The biostimulant at the level of 2 dS m-1 promoted an increase of 66% in the leaf area of millet compared to the control. With 4 dS m-1, the nutsedge extract provided an increase of 253% in the leaf area compared to the control. These expressive results obtained with the use of these compounds reflected in a production of dry leaf blade mass. The IPA BULK 1 BF millet cultivar has tolerance to the salinity levels studied in this research. The nutsedge extract and the biostimulant are alternatives capable of stimulating the growth and the production of forage of millet under the presence of salts in the irrigation water, however, these compounds have no influence on grain production
谷子是半干旱区极具潜力的牧草,其用途广泛,营养价值高。本研究旨在评价盐胁迫条件下生物刺激素和植物提取物(Cyperus rotundus)对谷子(品种IPA BULK 1BF)生长、饲料和籽粒产量的影响。该研究于2017年2月至4月在巴西东北部半干旱地区的伯南布哥联邦农村大学Serra Talhada学术单位进行。实验随机分组,采用3x4因子方案,由生物刺激剂(ACADIAN®)、坚果提取物和对照组组成,在灌溉水的4种盐度水平下,电导率为0、1、2和4 dS m-1,重复4次。每周对所有植株进行生物计量分析,监测作物生长情况。在羽化后第77天,测量净CO2同化和蒸腾速率。收获发生在籽粒成熟(ED9)时,分析了植株不同形态成分的干质量。2 dS - m-1水平的生物刺激素使谷子叶面积比对照增加66%。在4 dS - m-1处理下,豆科植物的叶面积比对照增加253%。这些具有表现力的结果获得与使用这些化合物反映在生产干叶片质量。IPA BULK 1 BF小谷子品种具有耐盐性。芒草提取物和生物刺激剂是在灌溉水含盐的情况下能够刺激谷子牧草生长和生产的替代品,但这些化合物对谷物生产没有影响
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引用次数: 2
SFO for enhancing steganogrphy by exploiting exact resemblance between cover and secure text SFO通过利用封面和安全文本之间的精确相似性来增强隐写术
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.57581
O. Y. Abdulhammed
Steganography has become an important science in security in recent years, it hides the existence of the secret information in such a way that no one suspects the information exists. In this paper a new steganography method for concealing message in message by using sailfish optimizer (SFO) and transposition method is proposed. In this work, the (SFO) is utilized to enhance the security and reduce the disfigurement to obtain best message quality, where the SFO has advantages in the term of security and text quality. The fitness values of the cover and secret message are calculated by using a new way. The SFO works to determining the matching fitness value between the cover and secret message and generates a key to recapture secret message. Lastly, relying on the matching fitness value, the steganography process is done by replacing (transposition) the secret's letters with cover's letters. The results proved that proposed method is effective, efficient and provided high security, high capacity, not malformed text and resistance against several steganalytic attacks
隐写术是近年来发展起来的一门重要的安全科学,它以一种没有人怀疑的方式隐藏了秘密信息的存在。本文提出了一种利用旗鱼优化器(SFO)和转置法对报文进行隐写的新方法。在本工作中,利用SFO来增强安全性和减少毁损,以获得最佳的消息质量,其中SFO在安全性和文本质量方面具有优势。用一种新的方法计算了掩护信息和秘密信息的适应度值。SFO的工作是确定封面和秘密消息之间的匹配适应度值,并生成密钥以重新捕获秘密消息。最后,根据匹配适应度值,将密文字母替换为封面字母,完成隐写过程。实验结果表明,该方法有效、高效,具有高安全性、高容量、不变形文本和抗多种隐写分析攻击的特点
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引用次数: 1
Optimization and production kinetics for cellulases by wild and mutant strain of Thermomyces dupontii in stirred tank reactor 杜氏温氏菌野生和突变菌株在搅拌槽反应器中纤维素酶的优化和生产动力学
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.57664
Kinza Nisar, Roheena Abullah, A. Kaleem, M. Iqtedar, Tehreema Iftikar
The main bottleneck in fermentation technology is scaling up procedure of industrial enzymes according to the biological characteristics of the organism. The current study describes the production kinetics of cellulases in stirred tank reactor by using mutant and wild strains of T. dupontii. The fermentation span of both the strains in bioreactor was examined.  It is was found in mutant strain of T. dupontii fermentation time required for optimum production was reduced to 48h as compared to 72h in wild strain.  The kinetic studies also exhibited greater value of µ (h-1)   in case of   mutated strain in comparison with wild strain. The effects of some other critical factors like agitation intensity dissolve oxygen, aeration, temperature, size of inoculum and pH was estimated on enzyme production kinetics. The results shows maximum activity of cellulases was attained at 220 rpm, 15% dissolve oxygen, aeration rate 1.5 vvm, 55°C, 8 % inoculum size and pH 5.5 for both strains respectively. The higher values of enzyme production kinetics i.e. Yp/x, Qp, Qx and qp in STR in case of mutant strain indicates its superiority over wild strain of T. dupontii. Thus mutant thermophilic T. dupontii might be a potential candidate for industrial applications.
发酵技术的主要瓶颈是根据生物的生物学特性来扩大工业酶的生产规模。本文研究了杜氏体突变菌株和野生菌株在搅拌釜反应器中生产纤维素酶的动力学。研究了两种菌株在生物反应器中的发酵时间。结果表明,突变菌株的最佳产量发酵时间由野生菌株的72h缩短至48h。动力学研究还显示,突变菌株的µ(h-1)值比野生菌株大。考察了搅拌强度、溶解氧、曝气、温度、接种量大小和pH等关键因素对产酶动力学的影响。结果表明,在220转/分、溶解氧15%、曝气率1.5 vvm、55℃、接种量8%、pH 5.5条件下,两菌株的纤维素酶活性最高。突变菌株STR的产酶动力学Yp/x、Qp、Qx和Qp值较高,表明其优于野生菌株。因此,突变型嗜热菌可能是工业应用的潜在候选者。
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引用次数: 1
The impact of ‘seasonal urban event’ to the hosting city’s urban vitality: case study of Summer beach and Winter Wonderland in Nottingham, UK “季节性城市活动”对主办城市活力的影响:以英国诺丁汉的夏季海滩和冬季仙境为例
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.57668
Woong Heo, Yue Tang, Feng Liu, Laura Hanks, Xi-wei Xu
Hosting seasonal urban events in open public spaces has a significant impact on urban vitality. By reviewing the categorisation of urban events, this paper explains the charactersitics of ‘Seasonal Urban Event’ through time, scale, location, format, content, function, and aim. It mainly focuses on leisure and entertainment events through two cases, Summer Beach and Winter Wonderland at Old Market Square in Nottingham, UK. The research explores ‘Seasonal Urban Event’ by literature review, open data, observation, and the survey data analysis of participants’ responses. The survey result indicates positive spatial and social engagement levels ranging from accessibility, legibility, permeability, flexibility to participation, satisfaction, and inclusivity. The potential benefits of social impact have been emphasised by participants’ responses to elevating civic pride and improving the level of social inclusion. It concludes that ‘Seasonal Urban Event’, as a useful supplement method, may enhance urban vitality in the hosting city
在开放的公共空间举办季节性城市活动对城市活力有重要影响。本文通过回顾城市事件的分类,从时间、规模、地点、形式、内容、功能和目标等方面解释了“季节性城市事件”的特征。主要通过英国诺丁汉Old Market Square的Summer Beach和Winter Wonderland两个案例来关注休闲娱乐活动。本研究通过文献综述、公开数据、观察和调查数据分析等方法对“季节性城市事件”进行探讨。调查结果表明,从可达性、易读性、渗透性、灵活性到参与性、满意度和包容性,空间和社会参与水平都是积极的。参与者对提升公民自豪感和提高社会包容水平的反应强调了社会影响的潜在好处。结论认为,“季节性城市赛事”作为一种有益的补充方式,可以增强主办城市的城市活力
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引用次数: 0
A hybrid approach towards movie recommendation system with collaborative filtering and association rule mining 基于协同过滤和关联规则挖掘的电影推荐系统的混合方法
IF 0.8 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.58925
Wisam Alnadem Mahmood, LaythKamil Almajmaie, A. Raheem, Saad Albawi
There is a huge information stockpile available on the internet. But the available information still throws a stiff challenge to users while selecting the needed information. Such an issue can be solved by applying information filtering for locating the required information through a Recommender System. While using a RS, the users find it easy to curate and collect relevant information out of massive databanks. Though various types of RS are currently available, yet the RS developed by Collaborative Filtering techniques has proven to be the most suitable for many problems. Among the various Recommended Systems available, movie recommendation system is the most widely used one.  In this system, the recommendations will be made based on the similarities in the characteristics as exhibited by users / items. The movie recommendation system contains a huge list of user objects and item objects. This paper combines Collaborative Filtering Technique with association rules mining for better compatibility and assurance while delivering better recommendations. Hence, in the process, the produced recommendations can be considered as strong recommendations. The hybridization involving both collaborative filtering and association rules mining can provide strong, high-quality recommendations, even when enough data is unavailable. This article combines various recommendations for creating a movie recommendation system by using common filtering techniques and data mining techniques
互联网上有大量的信息。但是,现有的信息仍然给用户选择所需信息带来了严峻的挑战。这个问题可以通过推荐系统应用信息过滤来定位所需的信息来解决。在使用RS时,用户可以很容易地从海量数据库中整理和收集相关信息。虽然目前有各种类型的RS,但通过协同过滤技术开发的RS已被证明是最适合解决许多问题的。在现有的各种推荐系统中,电影推荐系统是应用最广泛的一种。在这个系统中,将根据用户/项目所展示的特征的相似性来提出建议。电影推荐系统包含一个巨大的用户对象和项目对象列表。本文将协同过滤技术与关联规则挖掘相结合,在提供更好的推荐的同时,具有更好的兼容性和保证。因此,在这个过程中,提出的建议可以被认为是强有力的建议。包括协同过滤和关联规则挖掘的混合可以提供强大的、高质量的推荐,即使在没有足够的数据的情况下。本文通过使用常见的过滤技术和数据挖掘技术,结合了创建电影推荐系统的各种建议
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引用次数: 1
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