Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56273
T. Al-Thuwaini, Zahraa Aqeel Kareem
This study was conducted to investigate the association between the polymorphism of the FASN gene with fatty acid content in Awassi sheep. A total of 100 male Awassi sheep between the ages of one and two and a half years old were used in this study. Phenotypic measurement was recorded at slaughter, and from each animal, the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were taken to analyze the fatty acid profile. Genotyping, sequencing reactions, and in silico tools were performed to confirm the variants in amplified fragments. The result of genotyping revealed two genotypes (AA and AB) of the ovine FASN gene (exon 3). Novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered only within the FASN gene (AB genotype). All utilized in silico tools revealed remarkably deleterious effects for the L46Q on the mutant protein structure, function, and stability. Association analysis revealed that the AB genotype has significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of animal length and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) with lower amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFA) content than the AA genotype. In conclusion, novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered within the FASN gene (AB genotype), made the animals that has the AB genotype associated with good meat quality traits and this polymorphism may serve as markers for meat quality.
{"title":"Dr. Novel missense variant L46Q of fatty acid synthase gene and fatty acids content in Awassi sheep","authors":"T. Al-Thuwaini, Zahraa Aqeel Kareem","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56273","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the association between the polymorphism of the FASN gene with fatty acid content in Awassi sheep. A total of 100 male Awassi sheep between the ages of one and two and a half years old were used in this study. Phenotypic measurement was recorded at slaughter, and from each animal, the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were taken to analyze the fatty acid profile. Genotyping, sequencing reactions, and in silico tools were performed to confirm the variants in amplified fragments. The result of genotyping revealed two genotypes (AA and AB) of the ovine FASN gene (exon 3). Novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered only within the FASN gene (AB genotype). All utilized in silico tools revealed remarkably deleterious effects for the L46Q on the mutant protein structure, function, and stability. Association analysis revealed that the AB genotype has significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of animal length and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) with lower amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFA) content than the AA genotype. In conclusion, novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered within the FASN gene (AB genotype), made the animals that has the AB genotype associated with good meat quality traits and this polymorphism may serve as markers for meat quality.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88217034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56368
Y. O. Waminal, G. A. S. Tubalinal, C. Mingala
The study characterized the lactoferrin (Lf) mRNA gene in different goat breeds in the Philippines and determined its association with subclinical mastitis (SCM). The study involved collection of milk at second week of lactation (n=75) and blood samples (n=5) to obtain extracted RNA and using cDNA to amplify Lf gene through polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences were determined and used as reference in the evaluation of phylogenetic relationship. Amplified products were utilized for RFLP analysis before determining the association of the gene with SCM. Results of the study demonstrated that Lf gene in goats registered a molecular weight of 2135. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence of Lf gene revealed high similarity (99%) in Saanen, Anglo-Nubian and Philippine native goats with that of Capra hircus (U53857) Lf gene submitted to GenBank. Phylogenetic studies showed that Lf gene of Anglo-Nubian, Saanen and Native goats clade together with Lf gene of C. hircus (U53857). Three genotypes in goats were documented using the restriction enzymes AluI and HaeIII. Based on the Statistical analysis, association (comp 5.65, p = 0.0308) has been established between the Lf genes of goats with genotype BB to SCM using HaeIII restriction enzyme.
{"title":"Molecular characterization and association of lactoferrin gene to subclinical mastitis in goats (Capra hircus)","authors":"Y. O. Waminal, G. A. S. Tubalinal, C. Mingala","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56368","url":null,"abstract":"The study characterized the lactoferrin (Lf) mRNA gene in different goat breeds in the Philippines and determined its association with subclinical mastitis (SCM). The study involved collection of milk at second week of lactation (n=75) and blood samples (n=5) to obtain extracted RNA and using cDNA to amplify Lf gene through polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences were determined and used as reference in the evaluation of phylogenetic relationship. Amplified products were utilized for RFLP analysis before determining the association of the gene with SCM. Results of the study demonstrated that Lf gene in goats registered a molecular weight of 2135. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence of Lf gene revealed high similarity (99%) in Saanen, Anglo-Nubian and Philippine native goats with that of Capra hircus (U53857) Lf gene submitted to GenBank. Phylogenetic studies showed that Lf gene of Anglo-Nubian, Saanen and Native goats clade together with Lf gene of C. hircus (U53857). Three genotypes in goats were documented using the restriction enzymes AluI and HaeIII. Based on the Statistical analysis, association (comp 5.65, p = 0.0308) has been established between the Lf genes of goats with genotype BB to SCM using HaeIII restriction enzyme.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86852913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56445
L. L. Oliveira, Rinaldo José de Souto Maior Júnior, Nathallia de Medeiros Cavalcanti, D. B. Cardoso, J. Morais, A. Magalhães, A. A. S. Melo, Dulciene Karla de Andrade Silva
The study evaluated the performance, carcass characteristics, tissue composition, and meat quality of goats raised on pasture in the Caatinga rangeland supplemented with Leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) and Sabiá (Mimosa caesapiniifolia) hays associated or not with spineless cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera), and without supplementation. Thirty male castrated goats, no defined breed, with an average body weight of 15.5 kg ± 0.64 were used, distributed in a randomized block design, according to the initial weight of the animals. The experimental period lasted 105 days. The highest intake of DM, OM and CP occurred in the animals supplemented with Leucena hay associated or not with spineless cactus. The intake of NDF was higher (p <0.05) for animals fed only with Leucena and Sabiá hays. The highest intake of TDN was observed for diets, only grazing, and hays associated with spineless cactus. The daily weight gain for goats fed with Leucena hay and spineless cactus was 68.5% higher (p <0.05) than on grazing alone. Consequently, they obtained the highest (p <0.05) weights and yields of carcasses, shoulder, loin, and leg cuts, conformation and finishing scores, leg muscle index, and % fat in the leg of goats. The meat quality did not differ. The supplementation with Leucena hay associated with spineless cactus improves performance, weights, and yields of the carcass, commercial cuts, leg muscle of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland.
{"title":"Native legumes and spineless cactus in supplementation of goats grazing in Caatinga rangeland: intake, performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality","authors":"L. L. Oliveira, Rinaldo José de Souto Maior Júnior, Nathallia de Medeiros Cavalcanti, D. B. Cardoso, J. Morais, A. Magalhães, A. A. S. Melo, Dulciene Karla de Andrade Silva","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56445","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the performance, carcass characteristics, tissue composition, and meat quality of goats raised on pasture in the Caatinga rangeland supplemented with Leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) and Sabiá (Mimosa caesapiniifolia) hays associated or not with spineless cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera), and without supplementation. Thirty male castrated goats, no defined breed, with an average body weight of 15.5 kg ± 0.64 were used, distributed in a randomized block design, according to the initial weight of the animals. The experimental period lasted 105 days. The highest intake of DM, OM and CP occurred in the animals supplemented with Leucena hay associated or not with spineless cactus. The intake of NDF was higher (p <0.05) for animals fed only with Leucena and Sabiá hays. The highest intake of TDN was observed for diets, only grazing, and hays associated with spineless cactus. The daily weight gain for goats fed with Leucena hay and spineless cactus was 68.5% higher (p <0.05) than on grazing alone. Consequently, they obtained the highest (p <0.05) weights and yields of carcasses, shoulder, loin, and leg cuts, conformation and finishing scores, leg muscle index, and % fat in the leg of goats. The meat quality did not differ. The supplementation with Leucena hay associated with spineless cactus improves performance, weights, and yields of the carcass, commercial cuts, leg muscle of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88277761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56131
R. Soares, R. Queiroga, R. Bessa, F. A. D. Sousa, B. Fernandes, A. P. Souza, A. Medeiros
This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets with different types of carbohydrates associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thirty castrated male lambs (20.5 ± 7.6 kg) were used, distributed in a randomized block design under three experimental diets: High proportion of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) diet; High NFC diet + spineless cactus (high proportion of NFC and spineless cactus) and Low NFC diet (low proportion of NFC), in a 60 day experimental period. The variables of nutrient intake, performance, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The animals fed the High NFC + spineless cactus diet presented a higher dry matter intake, organic matter, mineral matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates intake (p <0.05). Carcass characteristics and weight of commercial cuts were improved in High NFC and High NFC + spineless cactus diets (p <0.05), on the other hand we observed a total fat weight reduction in animals fed with High NFC + spineless cactus. The results indicate that high levels of NFC positively influence animal performance, where the type of carbohydrate influences nutrient intake, also affecting carcass characteristics.
{"title":"Performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets containing different types of carbohydrates associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids","authors":"R. Soares, R. Queiroga, R. Bessa, F. A. D. Sousa, B. Fernandes, A. P. Souza, A. Medeiros","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56131","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets with different types of carbohydrates associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thirty castrated male lambs (20.5 ± 7.6 kg) were used, distributed in a randomized block design under three experimental diets: High proportion of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) diet; High NFC diet + spineless cactus (high proportion of NFC and spineless cactus) and Low NFC diet (low proportion of NFC), in a 60 day experimental period. The variables of nutrient intake, performance, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The animals fed the High NFC + spineless cactus diet presented a higher dry matter intake, organic matter, mineral matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates intake (p <0.05). Carcass characteristics and weight of commercial cuts were improved in High NFC and High NFC + spineless cactus diets (p <0.05), on the other hand we observed a total fat weight reduction in animals fed with High NFC + spineless cactus. The results indicate that high levels of NFC positively influence animal performance, where the type of carbohydrate influences nutrient intake, also affecting carcass characteristics.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72547576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56504
Maíra Costa Neiva, É. Schultz, L. Sousa, K. A. Oliveira, L. F. Sousa, G. L. M. Macedo Júnior
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding exogenous enzymes to the diet on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and rumen movement of ewe lambs. Five ewe lambs, Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred, with an average age of 7 ± 1 months, average weight of 36.40 ± 2.36 kg were assigned in a 5x5 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of adding exogenous enzymes to the concentrate: Allzyme, Fibrozyme®, Amaize®, Mix and Control. Analyses of variance were applied and means were compared by the SNK test, and non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test at 5% significance. The dry matter intake in relation to body weight, crude protein intake and nitrogen intake were higher with the use of amylolytic enzyme compared to the other treatments (p <0.05). Nitrogen balance was higher with the use of amylolytic enzymes and the Allzyme® enzyme complex (p <0.05). A longer time spent in total chewing was observed with the inclusion of fibrolytic and amylolytic enzymes without changes in rumen movement. The use of exogenous enzymes promotes better use of nutrients, with high digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and crude protein.
{"title":"Exogenous enzymes in sheep diet: nutritional and physiological parameters","authors":"Maíra Costa Neiva, É. Schultz, L. Sousa, K. A. Oliveira, L. F. Sousa, G. L. M. Macedo Júnior","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56504","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding exogenous enzymes to the diet on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and rumen movement of ewe lambs. Five ewe lambs, Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred, with an average age of 7 ± 1 months, average weight of 36.40 ± 2.36 kg were assigned in a 5x5 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of adding exogenous enzymes to the concentrate: Allzyme, Fibrozyme®, Amaize®, Mix and Control. Analyses of variance were applied and means were compared by the SNK test, and non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test at 5% significance. The dry matter intake in relation to body weight, crude protein intake and nitrogen intake were higher with the use of amylolytic enzyme compared to the other treatments (p <0.05). Nitrogen balance was higher with the use of amylolytic enzymes and the Allzyme® enzyme complex (p <0.05). A longer time spent in total chewing was observed with the inclusion of fibrolytic and amylolytic enzymes without changes in rumen movement. The use of exogenous enzymes promotes better use of nutrients, with high digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and crude protein.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74633228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56616
Mércia Regina Pereira de Figueiredo, Alice Cristina Bittencourt Teixeira, Luciene Lignani Bittencourt, G. R. Moreira, Ariane Jesus Ribeiro, Frank Gomes Silva, André Luiz Pinto dos Santos, Maria Lindomárcia Leonardo Costa
This study examines the effect of adding coffee husks (CH), cacao by-product (CBP) and passion fruit by-product (PBP) (fresh-matter basis) in the silage of elephant grass cv. Napier on nutritional characteristics. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement represented by three additives (CH, CBP or PBP) and four inclusion levels (0, 12, 24 or 36%). Four replicates were used per treatment. The material was ensiled in experimental mini-silos that were opened 60 days later for chemical analysis of the produced silages. The dry matter content of the silages with CH and PBP included at levels greater than 25% was adequate. The silage with PBP inclusion showed the highest crude protein levels and the best results for in vitro dry matter digestibility. In the silage containing CH, the neutral detergent fiber content decreased linearly with increasing inclusion of the husks. The silage with CBP showed the lowest dry matter and crude protein levels and the highest pH. In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 36% PBP in the ensiling of elephant grass is recommended, as the resulting material has potential for use in ruminant feeding at times of forage scarcity.
{"title":"Elephant grass silage with addition of regional by-products","authors":"Mércia Regina Pereira de Figueiredo, Alice Cristina Bittencourt Teixeira, Luciene Lignani Bittencourt, G. R. Moreira, Ariane Jesus Ribeiro, Frank Gomes Silva, André Luiz Pinto dos Santos, Maria Lindomárcia Leonardo Costa","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56616","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of adding coffee husks (CH), cacao by-product (CBP) and passion fruit by-product (PBP) (fresh-matter basis) in the silage of elephant grass cv. Napier on nutritional characteristics. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement represented by three additives (CH, CBP or PBP) and four inclusion levels (0, 12, 24 or 36%). Four replicates were used per treatment. The material was ensiled in experimental mini-silos that were opened 60 days later for chemical analysis of the produced silages. The dry matter content of the silages with CH and PBP included at levels greater than 25% was adequate. The silage with PBP inclusion showed the highest crude protein levels and the best results for in vitro dry matter digestibility. In the silage containing CH, the neutral detergent fiber content decreased linearly with increasing inclusion of the husks. The silage with CBP showed the lowest dry matter and crude protein levels and the highest pH. In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 36% PBP in the ensiling of elephant grass is recommended, as the resulting material has potential for use in ruminant feeding at times of forage scarcity.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76178296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56622
J. Demarchi, A. Giacomini, W. T. Mattos, L. Gerdes, Karina Batista, F. M. A. Gimenes, C. M. Barbosa
Ergot is a fungal disease and causes reductions in seed productivity and quality. We aimed to identify promising genotypes of brachiaria evaluating: (1) seed production potential (number of tillers, racemes per inflorescence, spikelets per raceme, raceme length, weight and number of seeds, and germination) and (2) resistance of seeds to Ergot (infected tillers, infected seeds). Five genotypes of Brachiaria grasses, four non-natural hybrids named BH1619, BH1810, BH1516 and Mavuno Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha x Urochloa ruziziensis), and Marandu Palisadegrass (U. brizantha Hoechst cv. Marandu) were evaluated. The BH1619 hybrid, despite the high weight of seeds, produced less viable, pure seeds. The hybrid BH1516 had a lower percentage of flowered tillers (42%) and seeds infected with ergot (8%). Marandu Palisadegrass had a higher percentage of infected tillers (95%) and infected seeds (38%). The hybrid BH1516 was the most resistant to ergot, followed by Mavuno Palisadegras sand BH1619. Among all materials, Mavuno Palisadegrass and BH1516 have a higher potential for seed production due to the higher percentage of flowered tillers and production of pure seeds with high germination capacity. The BH1516 hybrid was resistant to ergot, making it a better choice for use in infected areas used for seed or forage production.
麦角菌是一种真菌病，导致种子产量和质量下降。我们的目的是鉴定有前途的brachiaria基因型，评估:(1)种子生产潜力(分蘖数，每花序总状花序，每总状花序的小穗数，总状花序长度，种子重量和数量，以及发芽)和(2)种子对麦角菌的抗性(感染的分蘖，感染的种子)。5个基因型，4个非天然杂交品种BH1619、BH1810、BH1516和马夫诺牧草(Urochloa brizantha x Urochloa ruziziensis)和马兰度牧草(U. brizantha Hoechst cv.)。Marandu)进行评估。BH1619杂交种，尽管种子重量很高，但产生的活力较低，纯度较低。杂种BH1516的开花分蘖比例较低(42%)，麦角菌侵染种子的比例较低(8%)。Marandu Palisadegrass的分蘖感染比例较高(95%)，种子感染比例较高(38%)。杂种BH1516对麦角菌的抗性最强，其次是马夫诺·帕利塞德格拉和BH1619。在所有材料中，Mavuno Palisadegrass和BH1516由于开花分蘖率较高，产生的纯种子萌发能力高，具有较高的制种潜力。BH1516杂交品种对麦角菌具有抗性，使其成为在受感染地区用于种子或饲料生产的更好选择。
{"title":"Components of seed production and ergot resistance used as criteria for selection of Brachiaria hybrids","authors":"J. Demarchi, A. Giacomini, W. T. Mattos, L. Gerdes, Karina Batista, F. M. A. Gimenes, C. M. Barbosa","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56622","url":null,"abstract":"Ergot is a fungal disease and causes reductions in seed productivity and quality. We aimed to identify promising genotypes of brachiaria evaluating: (1) seed production potential (number of tillers, racemes per inflorescence, spikelets per raceme, raceme length, weight and number of seeds, and germination) and (2) resistance of seeds to Ergot (infected tillers, infected seeds). Five genotypes of Brachiaria grasses, four non-natural hybrids named BH1619, BH1810, BH1516 and Mavuno Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha x Urochloa ruziziensis), and Marandu Palisadegrass (U. brizantha Hoechst cv. Marandu) were evaluated. The BH1619 hybrid, despite the high weight of seeds, produced less viable, pure seeds. The hybrid BH1516 had a lower percentage of flowered tillers (42%) and seeds infected with ergot (8%). Marandu Palisadegrass had a higher percentage of infected tillers (95%) and infected seeds (38%). The hybrid BH1516 was the most resistant to ergot, followed by Mavuno Palisadegras sand BH1619. Among all materials, Mavuno Palisadegrass and BH1516 have a higher potential for seed production due to the higher percentage of flowered tillers and production of pure seeds with high germination capacity. The BH1516 hybrid was resistant to ergot, making it a better choice for use in infected areas used for seed or forage production.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77031208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56477
Odinaka Christian Iwuozo, J. Abiona, M. Abioja, B. Ilori
The study determined immunological indices of Giant African Land snail (Archachatina marginata) improved with fixed dose of vitamin C under acute heat stress (AHS). Prior to the AHS, vitamin C was administered for four weeks to two treatment groups, while other two treatment groups were not. Each treatment was monitored, haemolymph collected at 0, 30 and 60 minutes exposure times. Immunological cytokines: interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2); and total haemocyte counts (THC) were determined. Under AHS, vitamin C elevated (p <0.05) IFN-γ production (606.33 ± 302.86) compared to other groups with or without vitamin C administration (7.20 ± 1.58 vs. 73.20 ± 32.23 vs. 7.80 ± 1.36). IL-2 was not affected (p >0.05) by vitamin C under AHS. Highest (p <0.05) THC values was obtained with vitamin C administration under AHS, but reduced under no AHS. Exposure time affected (p <0.05) IFN-γ production and THC values, but not IL-2 (p >0.05). With fixed dose of vitamin C and exposure time, highest (p <0.05) IFN-γ values were obtained under AHS with vitamin C administration at 30 minutes and at 60 minutes in THC, compared to other groups. The study concluded that fixed dose of vitamin C at 150 mg kg-1 of feed was appropriate under AHS to boost the immune system of the animals.
{"title":"Immunological indices of Giant African Land snails (Archachatina marginata) improved with fixed dose of vitamin C during acute heat stress","authors":"Odinaka Christian Iwuozo, J. Abiona, M. Abioja, B. Ilori","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56477","url":null,"abstract":"The study determined immunological indices of Giant African Land snail (Archachatina marginata) improved with fixed dose of vitamin C under acute heat stress (AHS). Prior to the AHS, vitamin C was administered for four weeks to two treatment groups, while other two treatment groups were not. Each treatment was monitored, haemolymph collected at 0, 30 and 60 minutes exposure times. Immunological cytokines: interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2); and total haemocyte counts (THC) were determined. Under AHS, vitamin C elevated (p <0.05) IFN-γ production (606.33 ± 302.86) compared to other groups with or without vitamin C administration (7.20 ± 1.58 vs. 73.20 ± 32.23 vs. 7.80 ± 1.36). IL-2 was not affected (p >0.05) by vitamin C under AHS. Highest (p <0.05) THC values was obtained with vitamin C administration under AHS, but reduced under no AHS. Exposure time affected (p <0.05) IFN-γ production and THC values, but not IL-2 (p >0.05). With fixed dose of vitamin C and exposure time, highest (p <0.05) IFN-γ values were obtained under AHS with vitamin C administration at 30 minutes and at 60 minutes in THC, compared to other groups. The study concluded that fixed dose of vitamin C at 150 mg kg-1 of feed was appropriate under AHS to boost the immune system of the animals.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84651248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55570
Dyhogo Henrique Veloso Leal, A. M. Azevedo, Anna Christina de Almeida, Otaviano de Souza Pires Neto, E. R. Duarte, F. Raidan
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the principal component analysis (PCA) to guide technical assistance regarding several dairy farms’ issues, which includes improving microbiological quality and physical-chemical composition of raw refrigerated milk. Data of monthly analysis of fat, protein, lactose, dry defatted stratum, somatic cell count, total bacterial count, milk temperature of 8,101 samples of milk from expansion tanks and production of 78 farms located in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil were processed. Descriptive statistical measures and Pearson correlation coefficient were estimated involving all evaluated traits during the dry and rainy seasons. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed using PCA. The results showed that two farm sites were negatively related to milk quality in both seasons. One farm stood out positively, being able to be used as a herd management model to drive technical assistance actions. Thus, PCA is efficient in simplifying large amounts of data, allowing simpler and faster technical herd management interpretation.
{"title":"A principal component analysis required in technical assistance guidance for chilled raw milk producers","authors":"Dyhogo Henrique Veloso Leal, A. M. Azevedo, Anna Christina de Almeida, Otaviano de Souza Pires Neto, E. R. Duarte, F. Raidan","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55570","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the principal component analysis (PCA) to guide technical assistance regarding several dairy farms’ issues, which includes improving microbiological quality and physical-chemical composition of raw refrigerated milk. Data of monthly analysis of fat, protein, lactose, dry defatted stratum, somatic cell count, total bacterial count, milk temperature of 8,101 samples of milk from expansion tanks and production of 78 farms located in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil were processed. Descriptive statistical measures and Pearson correlation coefficient were estimated involving all evaluated traits during the dry and rainy seasons. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed using PCA. The results showed that two farm sites were negatively related to milk quality in both seasons. One farm stood out positively, being able to be used as a herd management model to drive technical assistance actions. Thus, PCA is efficient in simplifying large amounts of data, allowing simpler and faster technical herd management interpretation. ","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84924813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56099
V. D. Silva, R. S. Nascimento, J. P. Lopes Neto, J. Miranda, F. F. M. Lopes, D. A. Furtado
This study aimed to carry out bioclimatic zoning based on the historical series of climatic variables such as air temperature, maximum, minimum and relative humidity collected in six conventional meteorological stations in the state of Paraíba, Brazil and from this to determine whether or not the animals are in thermal comfort by comparing with the results obtained in scientific research in each mesoregion in the rainy and dry periods. Then based on this the comfort conditions for small ruminants in the rainy and dry seasons of the mesoregions of Paraíba were observed using data from the literature, and demonstrated in spatial distribution maps. The variables air temperatures, maximum and minimum and relative humidity varied throughout the state for the rainy season between 22 to 27, 18 to 21, 25 to 31ºC and 64 to 82%, respectively, and in dry season is 23 to 27, 28 to 35, 19 to 23ºC and 49 to 76%, respectively. However, it is concluded that raising sheep and goats is viable in all mesoregions of the state of Paraíba in both periods
{"title":"Bioclimatic spatial zoning for small ruminants in the state of Paraíba, Brazil","authors":"V. D. Silva, R. S. Nascimento, J. P. Lopes Neto, J. Miranda, F. F. M. Lopes, D. A. Furtado","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56099","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to carry out bioclimatic zoning based on the historical series of climatic variables such as air temperature, maximum, minimum and relative humidity collected in six conventional meteorological stations in the state of Paraíba, Brazil and from this to determine whether or not the animals are in thermal comfort by comparing with the results obtained in scientific research in each mesoregion in the rainy and dry periods. Then based on this the comfort conditions for small ruminants in the rainy and dry seasons of the mesoregions of Paraíba were observed using data from the literature, and demonstrated in spatial distribution maps. The variables air temperatures, maximum and minimum and relative humidity varied throughout the state for the rainy season between 22 to 27, 18 to 21, 25 to 31ºC and 64 to 82%, respectively, and in dry season is 23 to 27, 28 to 35, 19 to 23ºC and 49 to 76%, respectively. However, it is concluded that raising sheep and goats is viable in all mesoregions of the state of Paraíba in both periods","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78994048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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