Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53847
Rones de Paula Junior, J. Zervoudakis, Felipe Gomes da Silva
This study evaluated the influence of the quantitative traits measured by real-time ultrasound (adjusted longissimus muscle area [AdjLMA], adjusted rump fat thickness [AdjRFT], and adjusted marbling [AdjMAR]) as well as age at first breeding [AFB] and adjusted weight [AdjWeight], on the probability of occurrence of early pregnancy (EP) in 55 Nellore heifers, and also performed an economic analysis. All calves received supplementation in creep-feeding (ad libitum), and at weaning (average age= 210 ± 30 days; average weight= 241 ± 33 kg) until first breeding by artificial insemination (May to November) all heifers were managed in the same group (two paddocks of 25 ha each evenly covered with Urochloa Marandu Grass) and received protein-energy supplementation (1% of average BW per animal/day). The quantitative variables were collected immediately after timed artificial insemination (average age= 392 ± 27 days; average weight= 431.90 kg), and the pregnancy diagnosis was completed at 30 days following insemination. For economic analysis, two systems were compared (age at first breeding at 13 and 24 months). The greater adjusted weight on the first breeding increased the probability of occurrence of early pregnancy, while the greater adjusted longissimus muscle area reduced. In addition, intensive meat production systems provide greater economic return throughout cow-calf operation.
{"title":"Effect of growth and carcass traits on likelihood of early pregnancy in Nellore heifers raised at intensive nutritional plan","authors":"Rones de Paula Junior, J. Zervoudakis, Felipe Gomes da Silva","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53847","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the influence of the quantitative traits measured by real-time ultrasound (adjusted longissimus muscle area [AdjLMA], adjusted rump fat thickness [AdjRFT], and adjusted marbling [AdjMAR]) as well as age at first breeding [AFB] and adjusted weight [AdjWeight], on the probability of occurrence of early pregnancy (EP) in 55 Nellore heifers, and also performed an economic analysis. All calves received supplementation in creep-feeding (ad libitum), and at weaning (average age= 210 ± 30 days; average weight= 241 ± 33 kg) until first breeding by artificial insemination (May to November) all heifers were managed in the same group (two paddocks of 25 ha each evenly covered with Urochloa Marandu Grass) and received protein-energy supplementation (1% of average BW per animal/day). The quantitative variables were collected immediately after timed artificial insemination (average age= 392 ± 27 days; average weight= 431.90 kg), and the pregnancy diagnosis was completed at 30 days following insemination. For economic analysis, two systems were compared (age at first breeding at 13 and 24 months). The greater adjusted weight on the first breeding increased the probability of occurrence of early pregnancy, while the greater adjusted longissimus muscle area reduced. In addition, intensive meat production systems provide greater economic return throughout cow-calf operation.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85434055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53792
J. E. Costa, Leonardo Eufrázio Soares, V. Sousa, Ana Beatriz Graciano da Costa, J. V. Emerenciano Neto, E. M. Oliveira, G. S. Difante, G. G. Silva
The present study aimed to evaluate the residual effects of the application of biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer on sward structure and morphological components of Panicum maximum cv. Massai. The experimental design comprised randomized blocks with six treatments consisting of increasing doses of swine biofertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mg ha-1) and mineral fertilization (150 kg N ha-1, 33 kg P ha-1), with four replicates. The variables analyzed were pasture height, light interception, leaf area index, forage mass and morphological components. Plant height responded linearly and positively to biofertilizer levels in the three evaluations. The highest averages for light interception (51.63%) and leaf area index (1.64) were observed for the 240 days (40 Mg ha-1). Dry leaf mass was influenced by the increase in biofertilizer dose, with increments of 39.68%, 25.07% and 44.66% for the 240, 300 and 360 days, respectively, when compared to the control treatment. Mineral fertilization promoted lower mass of dead material and lower leaf area index but did not differ from biofertilizer for the other variables. The residual effect of swine biofertilizer was greater than that of mineral fertilization, with a minimum use of 20 Mg ha-1 a practical agronomic recommendation.
本研究旨在评价施用生物肥料和矿物肥对大头草叶片结构和形态成分的残留影响。马赛。试验设计采用随机分组设计，共设6个处理，分别为添加猪生物肥料(0、10、20、30和40 Mg hm -1)和矿物肥(150 kg N hm -1、33 kg P hm -1)，共4个重复。分析的变量包括牧草高度、截光量、叶面积指数、牧草质量和形态成分。在三个评价中，株高与生物肥料水平呈线性正相关。240 d (40 Mg ha-1)的平均截光率和叶面积指数最高，分别为51.63%和1.64。生物肥料用量的增加对干叶质量有影响，在240、300和360 d，干叶质量分别比对照增加了39.68%、25.07%和44.66%。矿肥对枯死物质质量和叶面积指数的影响较小，但对其他指标的影响与生物肥无显著差异。猪生物肥料的残留效应大于矿物肥料，实际农艺建议最低使用量为20 Mg ha-1。
{"title":"Sward structure, morphological components and forage yield of massai grass in response to residual effect of swine biofertilizer","authors":"J. E. Costa, Leonardo Eufrázio Soares, V. Sousa, Ana Beatriz Graciano da Costa, J. V. Emerenciano Neto, E. M. Oliveira, G. S. Difante, G. G. Silva","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53792","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the residual effects of the application of biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer on sward structure and morphological components of Panicum maximum cv. Massai. The experimental design comprised randomized blocks with six treatments consisting of increasing doses of swine biofertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mg ha-1) and mineral fertilization (150 kg N ha-1, 33 kg P ha-1), with four replicates. The variables analyzed were pasture height, light interception, leaf area index, forage mass and morphological components. Plant height responded linearly and positively to biofertilizer levels in the three evaluations. The highest averages for light interception (51.63%) and leaf area index (1.64) were observed for the 240 days (40 Mg ha-1). Dry leaf mass was influenced by the increase in biofertilizer dose, with increments of 39.68%, 25.07% and 44.66% for the 240, 300 and 360 days, respectively, when compared to the control treatment. Mineral fertilization promoted lower mass of dead material and lower leaf area index but did not differ from biofertilizer for the other variables. The residual effect of swine biofertilizer was greater than that of mineral fertilization, with a minimum use of 20 Mg ha-1 a practical agronomic recommendation. ","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87648832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53894
Cássia Pantoja Rocha, Carlos Murilo Tenório Maciel, W. Valenti, Patricia Moraes‐Valenti, I. Sampaio, C. Maciel
Over recent years, Macrobrachium amazonicum has become a popular species for shrimp farming due to their fast growth, high survival rates, and marketability. Several studies have focused on the development of new technology for the culture of this species, but many aspects of their nutrition and physiology remain unknown. Thus, the goal of the present study was to obtain transcripts of putative genes encoding digestive enzymes, based on a library of the cDNA from the hepatopancreas of M. amazonicum, sequenced in the Ion TorrentTM platform. We identified fragments of nine genes related to digestive enzymes, acting over proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Endo and exoproteases were also recorded in the hepatopancreas, indicating adaptation to the digestion of protein-rich foods. Nonetheless, the enzymes involved in the carbohydrate metabolism formed the largest functional group in M. amazonicum, including enzymes related to the digestion of starch, chitin, and cellulose. These findings indicate that the species has a genetic apparatus of a well-adapted omnivorous animal. This information may provide important insights for the selection of ingredients for the formulation of a more appropriate diet to the enzymatic repertoire of M. amazonicum.
{"title":"Prospection of putative genes for digestive enzymes based on functional genome of the hepatopancreas of Amazon river prawn","authors":"Cássia Pantoja Rocha, Carlos Murilo Tenório Maciel, W. Valenti, Patricia Moraes‐Valenti, I. Sampaio, C. Maciel","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53894","url":null,"abstract":"Over recent years, Macrobrachium amazonicum has become a popular species for shrimp farming due to their fast growth, high survival rates, and marketability. Several studies have focused on the development of new technology for the culture of this species, but many aspects of their nutrition and physiology remain unknown. Thus, the goal of the present study was to obtain transcripts of putative genes encoding digestive enzymes, based on a library of the cDNA from the hepatopancreas of M. amazonicum, sequenced in the Ion TorrentTM platform. We identified fragments of nine genes related to digestive enzymes, acting over proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Endo and exoproteases were also recorded in the hepatopancreas, indicating adaptation to the digestion of protein-rich foods. Nonetheless, the enzymes involved in the carbohydrate metabolism formed the largest functional group in M. amazonicum, including enzymes related to the digestion of starch, chitin, and cellulose. These findings indicate that the species has a genetic apparatus of a well-adapted omnivorous animal. This information may provide important insights for the selection of ingredients for the formulation of a more appropriate diet to the enzymatic repertoire of M. amazonicum.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87734534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.54237
Tsegaye Gebremariam
The study investigated meat quality of bulls fed concentrate feeds and hay. The treatments were hay ad libitum + dried cafeteria leftover 4 kg DM d-1 (D1); hay ad libitum + wheat bran 4 kg DM d-1 (D2); hay ad libitum + 4 maize grain 4 kg DM d-1 (D3); hay ad libitum + mix 4 kg DM d-1 (1:1, wheat bran to maize grain, respectively (D4)); hay ad libitum + scrambled whole groundnut 4 kg DM d-1 (D5); and hay ad libitum + mix of each ingredient 4 kg DM d-1(D6)). Samples from longissimus lumborum muscle were taken in triplicate. Beef from bulls fed D5 had highest (p < 0.05) protein and fat than those fed other treatments. However, bulls finished in D3 had similar fat to those fed with whole ground nut. Highest meat tenderness (p < 0.05) recorded at 24th followed by 16th d than those aged on other periods. Beef from D6 produced lean meat, which is acceptable to consumer and market demand than D3, produced carcass with highest fat coverage This study confirmed that meat from D6 had an acceptable quality attribute suggesting the breed could serve as a potential source in red meat industry.
研究了饲喂精料和干草的公牛的肉质。处理为随意采干草+食堂剩菜干4 kg DM -1 (D1);任意干草+麦麸4 kg DM -1 (D2);任意干草+ 4粒玉米4 kg DM -1 (D3);任意干草+混合4 kg DM d-1(小麦麸皮与玉米籽粒比例为1:1);自由采干草+炒全花生4 kg DM -1 (D5);和任意干草+每种成分4 kg DM d-1(D6)的混合物)。取自腰最长肌的样本一式三份。饲喂D5处理的牛肉蛋白质和脂肪含量均高于其他处理(p < 0.05)。然而，用D3喂养的公牛的脂肪含量与用整个坚果喂养的公牛相似。肉嫩度在第24天最高(p < 0.05)，第16天次之。D6产牛肉的瘦肉比D3产牛肉的瘦肉更受消费者和市场需求的接受，其胴体脂肪覆盖率最高。该研究证实，D6产牛肉具有可接受的质量属性，表明该品种可以作为红肉行业的潜在来源。
{"title":"Meat quality of (Bos indicus) cattle finished on different concentrate feeds","authors":"Tsegaye Gebremariam","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.54237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.54237","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated meat quality of bulls fed concentrate feeds and hay. The treatments were hay ad libitum + dried cafeteria leftover 4 kg DM d-1 (D1); hay ad libitum + wheat bran 4 kg DM d-1 (D2); hay ad libitum + 4 maize grain 4 kg DM d-1 (D3); hay ad libitum + mix 4 kg DM d-1 (1:1, wheat bran to maize grain, respectively (D4)); hay ad libitum + scrambled whole groundnut 4 kg DM d-1 (D5); and hay ad libitum + mix of each ingredient 4 kg DM d-1(D6)). Samples from longissimus lumborum muscle were taken in triplicate. Beef from bulls fed D5 had highest (p < 0.05) protein and fat than those fed other treatments. However, bulls finished in D3 had similar fat to those fed with whole ground nut. Highest meat tenderness (p < 0.05) recorded at 24th followed by 16th d than those aged on other periods. Beef from D6 produced lean meat, which is acceptable to consumer and market demand than D3, produced carcass with highest fat coverage This study confirmed that meat from D6 had an acceptable quality attribute suggesting the breed could serve as a potential source in red meat industry.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90421108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.52657
Laís Santana Celestino Mantovani, F. P. Souza, E. Campos, V. Lewandowski, N.M.L. Barrero, R. Ribeiro
With the rise of world fish farming, the national scenario is favorable for using native fish for intensive farming. Among the catfish, the Amazonian Jundiá (Leiarius marmoratus) is a robust candidate, easy to grow and with good organoleptic characteristics in its flesh. For productive success in captivity, it is necessary to consider some questions about the species, such as genetic variability, which must have an acceptable level in a breeding stock, in order to maintain a good diversity; this reduces losses due to inbreeding and low diversity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the genetic variability of commercial stocks of L. marmoratus from the State of Mato Grosso through microsatellite molecular markers. We analyzed 143 individuals from three stocks. The mean heterozygosity and the inbreeding coefficients observed were 0.060; 0.084; 0.141; and 0.539; 0.562; 0.514, respectively, for the stocks of Campo Verde, Juína, and Nova Mutum. The Deviation in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in most of the loci in the three populations. Considering the genetic differentiation, it is concluded that the three populations are very close genetically, which requires introduction of new genetic material in the stocks to enrich them genetically for a later reproductive program.
{"title":"Genetic diversity in Amazonian Jundiá (Leiarius marmoratus) stocks using heterologous primers","authors":"Laís Santana Celestino Mantovani, F. P. Souza, E. Campos, V. Lewandowski, N.M.L. Barrero, R. Ribeiro","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.52657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.52657","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of world fish farming, the national scenario is favorable for using native fish for intensive farming. Among the catfish, the Amazonian Jundiá (Leiarius marmoratus) is a robust candidate, easy to grow and with good organoleptic characteristics in its flesh. For productive success in captivity, it is necessary to consider some questions about the species, such as genetic variability, which must have an acceptable level in a breeding stock, in order to maintain a good diversity; this reduces losses due to inbreeding and low diversity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the genetic variability of commercial stocks of L. marmoratus from the State of Mato Grosso through microsatellite molecular markers. We analyzed 143 individuals from three stocks. The mean heterozygosity and the inbreeding coefficients observed were 0.060; 0.084; 0.141; and 0.539; 0.562; 0.514, respectively, for the stocks of Campo Verde, Juína, and Nova Mutum. The Deviation in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in most of the loci in the three populations. Considering the genetic differentiation, it is concluded that the three populations are very close genetically, which requires introduction of new genetic material in the stocks to enrich them genetically for a later reproductive program.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73252372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53445
S. R. Fernandes, A. Monteiro, M. G. B. Silva, Cláudio José Araújo da Silva, Júlia Marina Zanotelli, P. Rossi Junior, P. H. N. Pinto
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of weaning and concentrate supplementation on the characteristics of carcass cuts and longissimus muscle of Suffolk lambs finished on a Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) pasture. Weaning and concentrate supplementation strategies were evaluated in four finishing systems: i) non-weaned and non-supplemented lambs; ii) non-weaned lambs supplemented with concentrate in creep feeding; iii) weaned and non-supplemented lambs; and iv) weaned lambs supplemented with concentrate. In the systems with weaning, lambs were weaned at 46 ± 6 days of age. In the systems with supplementation, the concentrate was offered daily at 2% of lambs’ body weight. Weaning led to a decrease, whereas supplementation led to an increase in carcass cut weights. Supplemented lambs had lower yields of neck and uncovered ribs, and higher yields of breast + flank and loin. The characteristics of loin eye and fat thickness over the longissimus muscle presented lower values in weaned lambs and higher values in supplemented lambs. Keeping lambs with their dams and offering concentrate supplementation until slaughter are strategies recommended to obtain heavier cuts with increased muscularity and fat content.
{"title":"Weaning and concentrate supplementation on the characteristics of carcass cuts and longissimus muscle of Suffolk lambs finished on pasture","authors":"S. R. Fernandes, A. Monteiro, M. G. B. Silva, Cláudio José Araújo da Silva, Júlia Marina Zanotelli, P. Rossi Junior, P. H. N. Pinto","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53445","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of weaning and concentrate supplementation on the characteristics of carcass cuts and longissimus muscle of Suffolk lambs finished on a Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) pasture. Weaning and concentrate supplementation strategies were evaluated in four finishing systems: i) non-weaned and non-supplemented lambs; ii) non-weaned lambs supplemented with concentrate in creep feeding; iii) weaned and non-supplemented lambs; and iv) weaned lambs supplemented with concentrate. In the systems with weaning, lambs were weaned at 46 ± 6 days of age. In the systems with supplementation, the concentrate was offered daily at 2% of lambs’ body weight. Weaning led to a decrease, whereas supplementation led to an increase in carcass cut weights. Supplemented lambs had lower yields of neck and uncovered ribs, and higher yields of breast + flank and loin. The characteristics of loin eye and fat thickness over the longissimus muscle presented lower values in weaned lambs and higher values in supplemented lambs. Keeping lambs with their dams and offering concentrate supplementation until slaughter are strategies recommended to obtain heavier cuts with increased muscularity and fat content.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85082505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53686
Mayara Mitiko Yoshihara Carneiro, R. Goes, M. Sabedot, J. Gandra, A. M. Gabriel, R. T. Oliveira, N. G. Silva, D. G. Anschau
The objective of this study was to evaluate performance, gastrointestinal morphometry, carcass, and non-carcass traits in lambs finished on different levels of canola grain in the diet. Twenty-seven Santa Ines lambs with an average initial weight of 19.33 ± 1.39 kg were given different levels of canola grain in the diet: 0, 8, and 16%. Weights and body condition scores were determined at the beginning, every 14 days and at the end of the experimental period. Animals were slaughtered to assess gastrointestinal morphometry, carcass and non-carcass traits. The statistical design used was completely randomized. The inclusion of canola grain showed a linear effect (0.723) for the width and height of ruminal papillae in the ventral region of the rumen. Intestinal villi and crypts showed a quadratic effect, with peaks of 0.62 µm and 0.43 µm, with the inclusion of 8 and 16%, respectively. When evaluating carcass traits, a decreasing linear effect was found for hot and cold carcass yield with 16% inclusion of canola. Canola grain can be used as an alternative in diets for finishing sheep up to 8% inclusion in the diet without affecting performance, ruminal and intestinal histometry, carcass, and non-carcass traits.
{"title":"Performance, gastrointestinal morphometry, carcass and non-carcass traits in sheep finished on diets containing canola (Brassica napus L.)","authors":"Mayara Mitiko Yoshihara Carneiro, R. Goes, M. Sabedot, J. Gandra, A. M. Gabriel, R. T. Oliveira, N. G. Silva, D. G. Anschau","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53686","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate performance, gastrointestinal morphometry, carcass, and non-carcass traits in lambs finished on different levels of canola grain in the diet. Twenty-seven Santa Ines lambs with an average initial weight of 19.33 ± 1.39 kg were given different levels of canola grain in the diet: 0, 8, and 16%. Weights and body condition scores were determined at the beginning, every 14 days and at the end of the experimental period. Animals were slaughtered to assess gastrointestinal morphometry, carcass and non-carcass traits. The statistical design used was completely randomized. The inclusion of canola grain showed a linear effect (0.723) for the width and height of ruminal papillae in the ventral region of the rumen. Intestinal villi and crypts showed a quadratic effect, with peaks of 0.62 µm and 0.43 µm, with the inclusion of 8 and 16%, respectively. When evaluating carcass traits, a decreasing linear effect was found for hot and cold carcass yield with 16% inclusion of canola. Canola grain can be used as an alternative in diets for finishing sheep up to 8% inclusion in the diet without affecting performance, ruminal and intestinal histometry, carcass, and non-carcass traits.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87165834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53624
Alessandra Bezerra de Azeredo, Ana Rebeca Pires da Silva, Alex Gomes da Silva Matias, Valterlina Moreira da Silva, Airton Alves Vieira Correia, T. V. Voltolini
This study aimed to assess the chemical responses of forage watermelon fruit at different maturity stages or storage lengths, performing two experimental tests. In the first test, four maturity stages were assessed: 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after anthesis, with four replicates. In the second test, fruits were maintained under three storage lengths: T1D (harvest day), T3M (3 months after harvest), and T6M (6 months after harvest), with eight replicates. Experimental design was completely randomized in both experimental tests. Fruit maturity stage did not affect crude protein, total carbohydrate, neutral detergent fiber, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), pulp firmness, soluble solids content and total pectin content, but increased acid detergent fiber content from 45 days after anthesis. Storage length up to six months after harvest increased ash, crude protein and IVDMD, and reduced the content of soluble solids. Forage watermelon fruit can be harvested from 30 to 75 days after anthesis equivalent to 75 - 120 days after planting, and they can be stored under tree shade up to 6 months after harvest.
{"title":"Chemical composition of forage watermelon fruit at different maturity stage or storage length","authors":"Alessandra Bezerra de Azeredo, Ana Rebeca Pires da Silva, Alex Gomes da Silva Matias, Valterlina Moreira da Silva, Airton Alves Vieira Correia, T. V. Voltolini","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53624","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the chemical responses of forage watermelon fruit at different maturity stages or storage lengths, performing two experimental tests. In the first test, four maturity stages were assessed: 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after anthesis, with four replicates. In the second test, fruits were maintained under three storage lengths: T1D (harvest day), T3M (3 months after harvest), and T6M (6 months after harvest), with eight replicates. Experimental design was completely randomized in both experimental tests. Fruit maturity stage did not affect crude protein, total carbohydrate, neutral detergent fiber, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), pulp firmness, soluble solids content and total pectin content, but increased acid detergent fiber content from 45 days after anthesis. Storage length up to six months after harvest increased ash, crude protein and IVDMD, and reduced the content of soluble solids. Forage watermelon fruit can be harvested from 30 to 75 days after anthesis equivalent to 75 - 120 days after planting, and they can be stored under tree shade up to 6 months after harvest.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89533978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53779
Odimar de Sousa Feitosa, R. C. Leite, E. Alexandrino, Thiago de Jesus Saboia Pires, Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de Oliveira, Joaquim José de Paula Neto, Antônio Clementino dos Santos
This study aimed to evaluate forage yield, tiller population density, canopy height, nutritional value as well as cattle performance in alternate stocking from three tropical forage cultivars. The experiment followed a randomized block design, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme with three replications. Three forage cultivars (Marandu, Massai and Xaraés) distributed in nine hectares were evaluated in three dry season periods (transition wet/dry, dry, and end of dry season), with repeated measures over time. The following variables were evaluated: canopy height, leaf: stem ratio, forage mass, leaf mass, stem mass and dead material mass. Total digestible nutrients, crude protein and in vitro dry mass digestibility were evaluated regarding forage nutrition. Animal performance, using 36 eleven-month-old animals (half-blood Nelore), was evaluated by the daily average gain and weight gain by area. During pre-grazing, canopy height presented interaction among forage cultivars and the evaluated periods. The average daily gain showed no interaction among cultivars and period of the year the similarity in animal performance among the cultivars Marandu and Massai show that the Massai grass can be used as an alternative for forage diversification under an alternate management system.
{"title":"Forage performance and cattle production as a function of the seasonality of a Brazilian tropical region","authors":"Odimar de Sousa Feitosa, R. C. Leite, E. Alexandrino, Thiago de Jesus Saboia Pires, Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de Oliveira, Joaquim José de Paula Neto, Antônio Clementino dos Santos","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53779","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate forage yield, tiller population density, canopy height, nutritional value as well as cattle performance in alternate stocking from three tropical forage cultivars. The experiment followed a randomized block design, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme with three replications. Three forage cultivars (Marandu, Massai and Xaraés) distributed in nine hectares were evaluated in three dry season periods (transition wet/dry, dry, and end of dry season), with repeated measures over time. The following variables were evaluated: canopy height, leaf: stem ratio, forage mass, leaf mass, stem mass and dead material mass. Total digestible nutrients, crude protein and in vitro dry mass digestibility were evaluated regarding forage nutrition. Animal performance, using 36 eleven-month-old animals (half-blood Nelore), was evaluated by the daily average gain and weight gain by area. During pre-grazing, canopy height presented interaction among forage cultivars and the evaluated periods. The average daily gain showed no interaction among cultivars and period of the year the similarity in animal performance among the cultivars Marandu and Massai show that the Massai grass can be used as an alternative for forage diversification under an alternate management system.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72974532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53597
C. O. Oliveira, A. T. Tavares, Júlia Parada Nobre Castro, S. C. Ávila, S. M. M. Gheller, S. L. Soares, F. M. Gonçalves, D. C. Bongalhardo
Waste oil from olive oil extraction industry was used, instead of soybean oil, in heavy roosters’ diet in order to evaluate birds’ reproductive parameters. A total of forty roosters were housed individually in boxes with 1.2 m². Two experimental diets were used: control diet, based on corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil; and test diet, where soybean oil was totally replaced by waste oil. In order to verify weight gain and feed intake, animals were individually weighed weekly. Seven semen collections were performed with fifteen-day interval. Reproductive variables analyzed sperm volume, motility, concentration, and morphology. No statistical difference (p > 0.05) was observed between treatments at the different collection periods for the variables sperm volume, motility, and concentration. There was a statistically significant difference between treatments for body weight in periods three (p = 0.04), and seven (p = 0.04). Statistical differences (p = 0.01) were also observed between treatments for abnormal sperm morphology. Among collection periods, statistical difference was observed for motility (p = 0.00), and sperm concentration (p = 0.01). Total replacement of soybean oil by waste oil from olive oil extraction in young heavy roosters’ diets does not affect sperm volume, motility, and concentration; reduces defects in sperm tail, and promotes better weight gain control.
{"title":"Reproductive parameters and weight gain of roosters fed with waste oil from olive culture","authors":"C. O. Oliveira, A. T. Tavares, Júlia Parada Nobre Castro, S. C. Ávila, S. M. M. Gheller, S. L. Soares, F. M. Gonçalves, D. C. Bongalhardo","doi":"10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.53597","url":null,"abstract":"Waste oil from olive oil extraction industry was used, instead of soybean oil, in heavy roosters’ diet in order to evaluate birds’ reproductive parameters. A total of forty roosters were housed individually in boxes with 1.2 m². Two experimental diets were used: control diet, based on corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil; and test diet, where soybean oil was totally replaced by waste oil. In order to verify weight gain and feed intake, animals were individually weighed weekly. Seven semen collections were performed with fifteen-day interval. Reproductive variables analyzed sperm volume, motility, concentration, and morphology. No statistical difference (p > 0.05) was observed between treatments at the different collection periods for the variables sperm volume, motility, and concentration. There was a statistically significant difference between treatments for body weight in periods three (p = 0.04), and seven (p = 0.04). Statistical differences (p = 0.01) were also observed between treatments for abnormal sperm morphology. Among collection periods, statistical difference was observed for motility (p = 0.00), and sperm concentration (p = 0.01). Total replacement of soybean oil by waste oil from olive oil extraction in young heavy roosters’ diets does not affect sperm volume, motility, and concentration; reduces defects in sperm tail, and promotes better weight gain control.","PeriodicalId":7149,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74526688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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