The dreams of Humboldt and many of his successors have not yet come true. Despite the great achievements of the last century, we still do not know the total number of vegetation types or the difference in the patterns of the distribution of diversity above and below the ground, we cannot predict all the effects of climate change on vegetation at the regional and global scale, we do not know the hidden and dark parts of species diversity in most ecosystems, nor are we able to make historical vegetation maps for many areas of the Earth. We also do not know the cultural contribution of many plant communities for the development of human populations and civilization, nor do we know the future recreational and therapeutical potential of vegetation (e.g., aromatherapy, ecotherapy). Geobotanical methods can effectively contribute to finding the answers to hot questions in current ecology. Since there are so many gaps in our geobotanical knowledge and so many young researchers still speechless with delight when looking at endless steppes, lush rainforests, tall-herbs, or colorful meadows, there is no doubt that geobotany will be a thriving and developing discipline in the future. Its driving force is the passion of researchers and admiration for the beauty of various types of vegetation and their dynamics as well as awareness of the need to protect them for generations to come.
{"title":"Geobotany Revisited – A Glimpse at the Blooming and Influential Discipline With Its Strong Roots in the Beauty of Nature and the Pragmatic Need of Its Protection","authors":"A. Nowak, S. Nowak","doi":"10.5586/asbp.912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.912","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The dreams of Humboldt and many of his successors have not yet come true. Despite the great achievements of the last century, we still do not know the total number of vegetation types or the difference in the patterns of the distribution of diversity above and below the ground, we cannot predict all the effects of climate change on vegetation at the regional and global scale, we do not know the hidden and dark parts of species diversity in most ecosystems, nor are we able to make historical vegetation maps for many areas of the Earth. We also do not know the cultural contribution of many plant communities for the development of human populations and civilization, nor do we know the future recreational and therapeutical potential of vegetation (e.g., aromatherapy, ecotherapy). Geobotanical methods can effectively contribute to finding the answers to hot questions in current ecology.\u0000 Since there are so many gaps in our geobotanical knowledge and so many young researchers still speechless with delight when looking at endless steppes, lush rainforests, tall-herbs, or colorful meadows, there is no doubt that geobotany will be a thriving and developing discipline in the future. Its driving force is the passion of researchers and admiration for the beauty of various types of vegetation and their dynamics as well as awareness of the need to protect them for generations to come.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46408657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The genus Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) is gaining increasing scientific attention worldwide owing to its ethnobotanical and pharmacological significance. In China, even though Garcinia plants have long been used for food, ethnomedicine, building materials, and other purposes, a comprehensive ethnobotanical study of the genus is notably limited. In the current study, the ethnobotanical importance of Garcinia plants has been extensively investigated through field surveys and literature reviews. Our studies revealed that Garcinia plants have been used in folk medicine since ancient times in China, including the Northern Song Dynasty, 960–1127 AD. Through their extensive interactions with genus, the Chinese people have gained various traditional knowledge, which is reflected in the following six aspects: food, traditional medicines, ornamental trees, construction and technology, cultural and spiritual significance, and miscellaneous uses. In particular, the four species: Garcinia hanburyi , G. paucinervis , G. xanthochymus , and G. oblongifolia , have cultural or spiritual values, among which G. paucinervis could be considered a cultural keystone species in the local communities, considering its crucial contribution to people’s cultures, spirits, and community identity. However, in general, some concerns originating from swift socio-economic changes have also been identified in the knowledge and Garcinia species. Strategies are needed to conserve traditional botanical knowledge, as well as plants.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical Study on Garcinia (Clusiaceae) in China","authors":"Fengke Lin, B. Luo, Zhuo Cheng, Ping Li, C. Long","doi":"10.5586/asbp.9012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.9012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The genus\u0000 Garcinia\u0000 L. (Clusiaceae) is gaining increasing scientific attention worldwide owing to its ethnobotanical and pharmacological significance. In China, even though\u0000 Garcinia\u0000 plants have long been used for food, ethnomedicine, building materials, and other purposes, a comprehensive ethnobotanical study of the genus is notably limited. In the current study, the ethnobotanical importance of\u0000 Garcinia\u0000 plants has been extensively investigated through field surveys and literature reviews. Our studies revealed that\u0000 Garcinia\u0000 plants have been used in folk medicine since ancient times in China, including the Northern Song Dynasty, 960–1127 AD. Through their extensive interactions with genus, the Chinese people have gained various traditional knowledge, which is reflected in the following six aspects: food, traditional medicines, ornamental trees, construction and technology, cultural and spiritual significance, and miscellaneous uses. In particular, the four species:\u0000 Garcinia hanburyi\u0000 ,\u0000 G. paucinervis\u0000 ,\u0000 G. xanthochymus\u0000 , and\u0000 G. oblongifolia\u0000 , have cultural or spiritual values, among which\u0000 G. paucinervis\u0000 could be considered a cultural keystone species in the local communities, considering its crucial contribution to people’s cultures, spirits, and community identity. However, in general, some concerns originating from swift socio-economic changes have also been identified in the knowledge and\u0000 Garcinia\u0000 species. Strategies are needed to conserve traditional botanical knowledge, as well as plants.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49242338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Satıl, H. Akan, M. Karaaslan, Mehmet Maruf Balos, B. Başyiğit
Oak molasses, called “Gezo,” have been produced by the local people of Southeastern Anatolia. In this study, the ethnobotanical characteristics, production stages, health effects, and chemical composition of Gezo were determined. Traditional Gezo molasses is produced from the acorn of Quercus brantii Lindl. The survey was carried out in seven provinces with large populations. Molasses samples were collected from local producers in the region alongside the local names, usage, sorting, and grading methods used by the local people. The total contents of phenolics and flavanoids were found to vary between the range of 1.60–2.56 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 0.62–0.72 mg rutin (RE) per g of Gezo molasses, respectively. Gezo displayed scavenging activity against DPPH radicals ranging from 7.57 to 9.44 µM Trolox/g. The CUPRAC assay results showed that molasses also possessed reducing power activity with a value of 8.57–10.20 µM Trolox/g. Gezo is typically consumed by local people as a breakfast food. However, it is also used for medical purposes to treat bronchitis, cough, asthma, and diabetes. The region’s oak species are used by locals for fuel, feed, handicrafts, and games.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical and Chemical Studies on Gezo Molasses from Quercus brantii Lindl. Acorns in Turkey","authors":"F. Satıl, H. Akan, M. Karaaslan, Mehmet Maruf Balos, B. Başyiğit","doi":"10.5586/asbp.9011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.9011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Oak molasses, called “Gezo,” have been produced by the local people of Southeastern Anatolia. In this study, the ethnobotanical characteristics, production stages, health effects, and chemical composition of Gezo were determined. Traditional Gezo molasses is produced from the acorn of\u0000 Quercus brantii\u0000 Lindl. The survey was carried out in seven provinces with large populations. Molasses samples were collected from local producers in the region alongside the local names, usage, sorting, and grading methods used by the local people. The total contents of phenolics and flavanoids were found to vary between the range of 1.60–2.56 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 0.62–0.72 mg rutin (RE) per g of Gezo molasses, respectively. Gezo displayed scavenging activity against DPPH radicals ranging from 7.57 to 9.44 µM Trolox/g. The CUPRAC assay results showed that molasses also possessed reducing power activity with a value of 8.57–10.20 µM Trolox/g. Gezo is typically consumed by local people as a breakfast food. However, it is also used for medical purposes to treat bronchitis, cough, asthma, and diabetes. The region’s oak species are used by locals for fuel, feed, handicrafts, and games.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44176787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The control of invasive plants depends to some extent on the persistence of the soil seed bank. The high temperature (40 °C) accompanied with high humidity (95%) method was used to treat the seeds of the invasive species Aegilops tauschii Coss. The aim of our study was to evaluate the seed vigor and longevity by accelerating aging, to serve as a reference for the evaluation of invasion potential of A. tauschii and corresponding eradication strategy adoption. The results showed that with the extension of aging time, the germination rate (GR), energy (GE), and index (GI) of A. tauschii seeds reduced. All the results were significantly different from the control (CK) since the second day ( p < 0.05). During the aging process, the seed relative water content (RWC), relative electric conductivity (REC), and thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) level increased, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gradually decreased after second day of seed aging. In addition, the aging treatment also caused a continuous decrease in the endogenous gibberellin (GA 3 ) content and a continuous increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) content of the seeds. Thus, a sharp decrease in the GA 3 /ABA ratio was evident. Finally, the study revealed that the germination inhibitors of A. tauschii were mainly concentrated in the glumes, which was revealed during seed aging. The results of the comprehensive analysis indicated that the changes of the above-mentioned internal factors eventually led to a rapid decline of the seed vigor of A. tauschii . Based on the results of the aging test, and the distribution characteristics of A. tauschii seeds in the soil seed banks, we recommend that soil solarization is one of the effective methods to eradicate the seed bank of A. tauschii .
{"title":"Effects of Artificial Aging on Seed Vigor and Physiological Characteristics of the Invasive Alien Plant Aegilops tauschii","authors":"Ning Wang, M. Yuan, Hao Chen","doi":"10.5586/asbp.9010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.9010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The control of invasive plants depends to some extent on the persistence of the soil seed bank. The high temperature (40 °C) accompanied with high humidity (95%) method was used to treat the seeds of the invasive species\u0000 Aegilops tauschii\u0000 Coss. The aim of our study was to evaluate the seed vigor and longevity by accelerating aging, to serve as a reference for the evaluation of invasion potential of\u0000 A. tauschii\u0000 and corresponding eradication strategy adoption. The results showed that with the extension of aging time, the germination rate (GR), energy (GE), and index (GI) of\u0000 A. tauschii\u0000 seeds reduced. All the results were significantly different from the control (CK) since the second day (\u0000 p\u0000 < 0.05). During the aging process, the seed relative water content (RWC), relative electric conductivity (REC), and thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) level increased, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gradually decreased after second day of seed aging. In addition, the aging treatment also caused a continuous decrease in the endogenous gibberellin (GA\u0000 3\u0000 ) content and a continuous increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) content of the seeds. Thus, a sharp decrease in the GA\u0000 3\u0000 /ABA ratio was evident. Finally, the study revealed that the germination inhibitors of\u0000 A. tauschii\u0000 were mainly concentrated in the glumes, which was revealed during seed aging. The results of the comprehensive analysis indicated that the changes of the above-mentioned internal factors eventually led to a rapid decline of the seed vigor of\u0000 A. tauschii\u0000 . Based on the results of the aging test, and the distribution characteristics of\u0000 A. tauschii\u0000 seeds in the soil seed banks, we recommend that soil solarization is one of the effective methods to eradicate the seed bank of\u0000 A. tauschii\u0000 .","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48580171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Pluciński, A. Waloszek, J. Rutkowska, K. Strzałka
Despite being an essential micronutrient, copper is also a potentially toxic heavy metal. Using selection experiments, we produced Chlamydomonas reinhardtii populations with increased tolerance of copper ions and then derived pure cell lines from these populations. Strains derived from the same population (both adapted and nonadapted) significantly differed in terms of growth parameters. Cultivation of the strains in a range of copper ion concentrations revealed differences in growth and photosynthetic performance, which could be attributed to microevolutionary processes occurring with each cell division. Our results demonstrate the effects of environmental factors on rapidly multiplying microorganisms.
{"title":"Intrapopulation Diversity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Response to Copper Ions: Growth and Photosynthetic Performance Under Stress","authors":"B. Pluciński, A. Waloszek, J. Rutkowska, K. Strzałka","doi":"10.5586/asbp.908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.908","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Despite being an essential micronutrient, copper is also a potentially toxic heavy metal. Using selection experiments, we produced\u0000 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii\u0000 populations with increased tolerance of copper ions and then derived pure cell lines from these populations. Strains derived from the same population (both adapted and nonadapted) significantly differed in terms of growth parameters. Cultivation of the strains in a range of copper ion concentrations revealed differences in growth and photosynthetic performance, which could be attributed to microevolutionary processes occurring with each cell division. Our results demonstrate the effects of environmental factors on rapidly multiplying microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48455861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iwona Chłosta, G. Góralski, M. Popielarska-Konieczna
In vitro-derived plants with elevated ploidy levels can display distinguishing features from the plants they are derived from, especially owing to their indirect regeneration. Genome size affects cell size and, thus, affects plant morphological characteristics. Therefore, stomata traits may be used as a diagnostic feature allowing identification of ploidy. Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa A. Chev. (A. Chev.), known as kiwifruit, is successfully cultured in vitro and redifferentiated into plants via endosperm-derived calli. To identify differences between hexaploids obtained from seeds and confirmed nonaploids obtained from endosperm-derived calli, we analyzed the stomata. Our results confirmed that ploidy coincides with mean stomatal length, width, and density. Despite this correlation, this method cannot be used to distinguish individual hexaploid kiwifruit plants from nonaploid ones because samples with different ploidy yielded overlapping measurements.
{"title":"Assessment of the Value of Stomatal Size and Density as Hallmarks of Nonaploid Kiwifruit Plants","authors":"Iwona Chłosta, G. Góralski, M. Popielarska-Konieczna","doi":"10.5586/asbp.909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.909","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In vitro-derived plants with elevated ploidy levels can display distinguishing features from the plants they are derived from, especially owing to their indirect regeneration. Genome size affects cell size and, thus, affects plant morphological characteristics. Therefore, stomata traits may be used as a diagnostic feature allowing identification of ploidy.\u0000 Actinidia chinensis\u0000 var.\u0000 deliciosa\u0000 A. Chev. (A. Chev.), known as kiwifruit, is successfully cultured in vitro and redifferentiated into plants via endosperm-derived calli. To identify differences between hexaploids obtained from seeds and confirmed nonaploids obtained from endosperm-derived calli, we analyzed the stomata. Our results confirmed that ploidy coincides with mean stomatal length, width, and density. Despite this correlation, this method cannot be used to distinguish individual hexaploid kiwifruit plants from nonaploid ones because samples with different ploidy yielded overlapping measurements.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42507442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Boratyńska, Z. Gołąb, Bartosz Łabiszak, W. Niemczyk, K. Sobierajska, K. Ufnalski, W. Wachowiak, A. Boratyński
Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) and taxa from the P. mugo (mountain pine) complex hybridize in contact zones producing morphologically-intermediate fertile hybrids. However, the hybrid specimens sometimes express only the P. sylvestris phenotype. Such cryptic hybrids were detected among P. sylvestris and P. uliginosa in the western part of Błędne Skały in the Stołowe Mountains, where the pines grow on the tops of sandstone rocks and phenotypically resemble P. sylvestris , P. uliginosa , and P. mugo . Hybrids with the P. sylvestris phenotype could be potentially present in other relic populations of this species in these mountains. During the present study, the hybrids were identified only in the area of Błędne Skały based on chloroplast and mitochondrial markers, morphological differentiation of various needle and cone traits, and phenotype assessments of the trees during sampling. These hybrids included three cryptic hybrids of P. sylvestris × P. mugo with the P. sylvestris phenotype and one displaying the phenotype of P. uliginosa . The other populations analyzed represented Scots pine with no evidence of hybridization with P. uliginosa and/or P. mugo . Biometric data on the cone and needle morphology also suggest possible hybridization within the P. mugo complex on Błędne Skały. The results indicate that hybridization takes place in this population but not in neighboring populations despite the possible connection by pollen-mediated gene flow.
樟子松（苏格兰松）和P.mugo（山地松）复合体的分类群在接触区杂交，产生形态上中等可育的杂交种。然而，杂交标本有时只表达P.sylvestris表型。在斯托韦山脉BłÉdne Ska 322; y西部的P.sylvestris和P.uliginosa中发现了这种神秘的杂交种，那里的松树生长在砂岩顶部，在表型上类似于P.sylvistris、P.uliginasa，具有P.sylvestris表型的杂交种可能存在于这些山脉中该物种的其他遗迹种群中。在本研究中，根据叶绿体和线粒体标记、各种针状和锥形性状的形态分化以及采样期间树木的表型评估，仅在BłÉdne Skał; y地区鉴定了杂交种。这些杂交种包括三个具有P.sylvestris表型的P.mugo隐性杂交种和一个表现出P.uliginosa表型的P.sylvostris×P.mugo。所分析的其他种群代表苏格兰松，没有与P.uliginasa和/或P.mugo杂交的证据。锥和针形态的生物特征数据也表明P.mugo复合体中可能存在杂交在BłÉdne Skał; y。结果表明，尽管花粉介导的基因流可能存在联系，但杂交在该群体中发生，而在相邻群体中不发生。
{"title":"Are There Any Traces of Pinus uliginosa in the Stołowe Mountains Outside the Wielkie Torfowisko Batorowskie and Błędne Skały?","authors":"K. Boratyńska, Z. Gołąb, Bartosz Łabiszak, W. Niemczyk, K. Sobierajska, K. Ufnalski, W. Wachowiak, A. Boratyński","doi":"10.5586/ASBP.904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/ASBP.904","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Pinus sylvestris\u0000 (Scots pine) and taxa from the\u0000 P. mugo\u0000 (mountain pine) complex hybridize in contact zones producing morphologically-intermediate fertile hybrids. However, the hybrid specimens sometimes express only the\u0000 P. sylvestris\u0000 phenotype. Such cryptic hybrids were detected among\u0000 P. sylvestris\u0000 and\u0000 P. uliginosa\u0000 in the western part of Błędne Skały in the Stołowe Mountains, where the pines grow on the tops of sandstone rocks and phenotypically resemble\u0000 P. sylvestris\u0000 ,\u0000 P. uliginosa\u0000 , and\u0000 P. mugo\u0000 . Hybrids with the\u0000 P. sylvestris\u0000 phenotype could be potentially present in other relic populations of this species in these mountains. During the present study, the hybrids were identified only in the area of Błędne Skały based on chloroplast and mitochondrial markers, morphological differentiation of various needle and cone traits, and phenotype assessments of the trees during sampling. These hybrids included three cryptic hybrids of\u0000 P. sylvestris\u0000 ×\u0000 P. mugo\u0000 with the\u0000 P. sylvestris\u0000 phenotype and one displaying the phenotype of\u0000 P. uliginosa\u0000 . The other populations analyzed represented Scots pine with no evidence of hybridization with\u0000 P. uliginosa\u0000 and/or\u0000 P. mugo\u0000 . Biometric data on the cone and needle morphology also suggest possible hybridization within the\u0000 P. mugo\u0000 complex on Błędne Skały. The results indicate that hybridization takes place in this population but not in neighboring populations despite the possible connection by pollen-mediated gene flow.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48976969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Brzozowski, Aleksandra Pełechata, Lech Kaczmarek, M. Pełechaty
The recovery or reconstruction of aquatic vegetation has recently been reported as a result of water quality improvement after anthropogenic eutrophication. The objectives of this study were: to investigate long-term trends in aquatic vegetation abundance in relation to decreasing water fertility and to present new directions in changes of the submerged aquatic vegetation structure, species richness, and biodiversity in Lake Kuźnickie (western Poland) with the perspective of the last 40 years (1978–2018). Lake Kuźnickie is an example of water quality improvement taking place without any additional reclamation measures, except a reduction in nutrient discharge into the lake from its direct catchment. Currently, the study lake represents a mesotrophic status. The Trophy State Index evidenced a decrease in the lake’s fertility compared to previous decades. The water quality improvement manifests in a significant reduction in the total phosphorus concentration. An analysis of the spatial changes in the phytolittoral evidenced a decrease in rush vegetation between 1978 and 2018 by over 2 ha. In the period 1978–2018, the aquatic vegetation structure in Lake Kuźnickie underwent significant reconstruction. Currently, charophytes play a much greater role in the lake compared to the last 40 years, contributing to the maintenance of the lake’s high water quality. Moreover, the endangered charophyte Lychnothamnus barbatus has recovered. Concurrently, however, the biodiversity and species richness of the submerged vegetation has decreased. At present, only four species dominate in the lake, including two charophytes L. barbatus , Nitellopsis obtusa , and two vascular plants Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum . Over 40 years, Lake Kuźnickie has changed from a eutrophic lake dominated by vascular plants to a mesotrophic lake with a codominant contribution by charophytes. The lake is characterized by good water quality, optimal for the development of aquatic vegetation, especially charophytes.
{"title":"Transformation and Simplification of Aquatic Vegetation Structure and Reoligotrophication of a Lake During the last 40 Years","authors":"M. Brzozowski, Aleksandra Pełechata, Lech Kaczmarek, M. Pełechaty","doi":"10.5586/ASBP.905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/ASBP.905","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The recovery or reconstruction of aquatic vegetation has recently been reported as a result of water quality improvement after anthropogenic eutrophication. The objectives of this study were: to investigate long-term trends in aquatic vegetation abundance in relation to decreasing water fertility and to present new directions in changes of the submerged aquatic vegetation structure, species richness, and biodiversity in Lake Kuźnickie (western Poland) with the perspective of the last 40 years (1978–2018). Lake Kuźnickie is an example of water quality improvement taking place without any additional reclamation measures, except a reduction in nutrient discharge into the lake from its direct catchment. Currently, the study lake represents a mesotrophic status. The Trophy State Index evidenced a decrease in the lake’s fertility compared to previous decades. The water quality improvement manifests in a significant reduction in the total phosphorus concentration. An analysis of the spatial changes in the phytolittoral evidenced a decrease in rush vegetation between 1978 and 2018 by over 2 ha. In the period 1978–2018, the aquatic vegetation structure in Lake Kuźnickie underwent significant reconstruction. Currently, charophytes play a much greater role in the lake compared to the last 40 years, contributing to the maintenance of the lake’s high water quality. Moreover, the endangered charophyte\u0000 Lychnothamnus barbatus\u0000 has recovered. Concurrently, however, the biodiversity and species richness of the submerged vegetation has decreased. At present, only four species dominate in the lake, including two charophytes\u0000 L. barbatus\u0000 ,\u0000 Nitellopsis obtusa\u0000 , and two vascular plants\u0000 Ceratophyllum demersum\u0000 and\u0000 Myriophyllum spicatum\u0000 . Over 40 years, Lake Kuźnickie has changed from a eutrophic lake dominated by vascular plants to a mesotrophic lake with a codominant contribution by charophytes. The lake is characterized by good water quality, optimal for the development of aquatic vegetation, especially charophytes.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41738956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Stebel, M. Staniaszek-Kik, S. Rosadzinski, M. Wierzgoń, B. Fojcik, M. Smoczyk, G. Vončina
In Poland, Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P. Beauv., an obligatory epilithic moss species, has in recent years also been observed on the bark of trees. In this paper, we describe 25 recently identified sites in which epiphytic H. ciliata has been observed, and provide a plausible explanation to account for this phenomenon.
{"title":"An Unusual Epiphytic Habitat for Hedwigia ciliata (Bryophyta: Hedwigiaceae) in Poland (Central Europe)","authors":"A. Stebel, M. Staniaszek-Kik, S. Rosadzinski, M. Wierzgoń, B. Fojcik, M. Smoczyk, G. Vončina","doi":"10.5586/ASBP.903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/ASBP.903","url":null,"abstract":"In Poland, Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P. Beauv., an obligatory epilithic moss species, has in recent years also been observed on the bark of trees. In this paper, we describe 25 recently identified sites in which epiphytic H. ciliata has been observed, and provide a plausible explanation to account for this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48354824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuzana Kozelková, R. Prausová, Zina Tomášová, L. Šafářová
One of the most southern European occurrences of Potamogeton praelongus is in the Czech Republic (CR), with only one native population in the Orlice River floodplain in Eastern Bohemia, the only surviving site from 10 Czech localities known 45 years ago. This species is critically endangered in the CR and needs to be actively protected with a rescue program. The number of P. praelongus sites increases along a latitudinal gradient, from Central to North Europe (CR, Poland, Sweden, and Norway), and correlates with improving conditions (water transparency and nutrient content in water) for this species along this gradient. Although differences in site conditions between Central and North Europe were caused by changes in landscape geomorphology and vegetation during the glacial and postglacial eras, presently, anthropogenic impact is primarily observed. The Czech sites for P. praelongus have distinctly lower water depth and transparency, and conversely, higher conductivity, temperature, and shade levels than the Nordic ones. These extreme conditions in most biotopes of this light-demanding and mesotrophic species in the CR result in lower fitness and different morphological parameters in the Czech populations. These changes lead to decreased competitive ability against filamentous algae and more competitive aquatic plant species and increase the impact of animals. The Nordic nonintensively managed landscape provides numerous large, deep lakes, which are optimal for this aquatic species. In the CR, P. praelongus can currently only survive in rivers and their oxbows, but these are heavily influenced by intensive landscape management and fishing. Comparison of the populations and their site conditions in the CR and other European countries showed that all Czech native and artificially established sites are exposed to eutrophication and its consequences, which are the most important factors affecting the survival of P. praelongus .
{"title":"Differences in Potamogeton praelongus Morphology and Habitats in Europe","authors":"Zuzana Kozelková, R. Prausová, Zina Tomášová, L. Šafářová","doi":"10.5586/ASBP.901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/ASBP.901","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most southern European occurrences of Potamogeton praelongus is in the Czech Republic (CR), with only one native population in the Orlice River floodplain in Eastern Bohemia, the only surviving site from 10 Czech localities known 45 years ago. This species is critically endangered in the CR and needs to be actively protected with a rescue program. The number of P. praelongus sites increases along a latitudinal gradient, from Central to North Europe (CR, Poland, Sweden, and Norway), and correlates with improving conditions (water transparency and nutrient content in water) for this species along this gradient. Although differences in site conditions between Central and North Europe were caused by changes in landscape geomorphology and vegetation during the glacial and postglacial eras, presently, anthropogenic impact is primarily observed. The Czech sites for P. praelongus have distinctly lower water depth and transparency, and conversely, higher conductivity, temperature, and shade levels than the Nordic ones. These extreme conditions in most biotopes of this light-demanding and mesotrophic species in the CR result in lower fitness and different morphological parameters in the Czech populations. These changes lead to decreased competitive ability against filamentous algae and more competitive aquatic plant species and increase the impact of animals. The Nordic nonintensively managed landscape provides numerous large, deep lakes, which are optimal for this aquatic species. In the CR, P. praelongus can currently only survive in rivers and their oxbows, but these are heavily influenced by intensive landscape management and fishing. Comparison of the populations and their site conditions in the CR and other European countries showed that all Czech native and artificially established sites are exposed to eutrophication and its consequences, which are the most important factors affecting the survival of P. praelongus .","PeriodicalId":7157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42665405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：