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Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers最新文献

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Generic POI recommendation 通用POI建议
Hisao Katsumi, Wataru Yamada, Keiichi Ochiai
For avoiding excessive congestion of tourists that causes overtourism, we propose a Generic Point of Interest (POI), which is an alternative sightseeing spot potentially attractive enough for tourists to replace a well-known sightseeing spot. We also propose a method to discover generic POIs and evaluate it. While the rapid spread of social networking services (SNSs) and social media makes tourism more familiar to people, it is further aggravating overtoursim around the world due to the nature of SNSs and social media, where users simultaneously find the same posts or articles recommending specific tourist spots and are attracted to the same destinations at the same time. As overtourism has severe influences on both visitors and local residents, it is essential to solve this problem. Although there are many studies providing ways of recommending less crowded tourist spots or mining less-known spots in a famous sightseeing area, we cannot apply those methods as a fundamental solution for overtourism for two reasons: 1) in many cases, the number of tourists already exceeds the touring area's total capacity; and 2) many approaches relying on a number of user-generated data points cannot discover unbusy sightseeing spots since users hardly post reviews nor images. To address these challenges, we propose a novel concept of generic POIs, alternative sightseeing spots to famous spots, and we propose a method to discover generic POIs, whose images are similar to those of existing famous sightseeing spots. We also evaluate our method with collected examples of generic POIs. We hope that the proposed method will help alleviate the overtourism problem in the real world as a first step.
为了避免游客过度拥挤导致过度旅游,我们提出了一个通用兴趣点(POI),这是一个潜在的有足够吸引力的观光景点,游客可以取代一个著名的观光景点。我们还提出了一种发现通用poi并对其进行评估的方法。虽然社交网络服务(sns)和社交媒体的快速传播使人们更加熟悉旅游,但由于社交网络和社交媒体的性质,用户同时发现相同的帖子或文章推荐特定的旅游景点,并同时被相同的目的地所吸引,这进一步加剧了世界各地的过度旅游。由于过度旅游对游客和当地居民都有严重的影响,因此解决这一问题至关重要。虽然有很多研究提供了推荐不那么拥挤的旅游景点或在著名的旅游区中挖掘不太知名的景点的方法,但我们不能将这些方法作为解决过度旅游的根本方法,原因有两个:1)在很多情况下,游客数量已经超过了旅游区的总容量;2)许多依赖于大量用户生成数据点的方法无法发现不繁忙的景点,因为用户很少发布评论或图片。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一种新的通用poi概念,即著名景点的替代景点,并提出了一种发现与现有著名景点图像相似的通用poi的方法。我们还用收集的通用poi示例来评估我们的方法。作为第一步,我们希望提出的方法将有助于缓解现实世界中的过度旅游问题。
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引用次数: 4
Comparing speech recognition services for HCI applications in behavioral health 比较语音识别服务在行为健康中的HCI应用
P. Chlebek, Elizabeth Shriberg, Yang Lu, T. Rutowski, A. Harati, R. Oliveira
Behavioral health conditions such as depression and anxiety are a global concern, and there is growing interest in employing speech technology to screen and monitor patients remotely. Language modeling approaches require automatic speech recognition (ASR) and multiple privacy-compliant ASR services are commercially available. We use a corpus of over 60 hours of speech from a behavioral health task, and compare ASR performance for four commercial vendors. We expected similar performance, but found large differences between the top and next-best performer, for both mobile (48% relative WER increase) and laptop (67% relative WER increase) data. Results suggest the importance of benchmarking ASR systems in this domain. Additionally we find that WER is not systematically related to depression itself. Performance is however affected by diverse audio quality from users' personal devices, and possibly from the overall style of speech in this domain.
抑郁症和焦虑症等行为健康状况是全球关注的问题,人们对使用语音技术远程筛查和监测患者的兴趣越来越大。语言建模方法需要自动语音识别(ASR),而多种符合隐私的ASR服务已在商业上可用。我们使用来自行为健康任务的超过60小时的语音语料库,并比较了四个商业供应商的ASR性能。我们预计会有类似的表现,但发现表现最好的和次佳的设备之间存在巨大差异,无论是移动设备(相对WER增长48%)还是笔记本电脑(相对WER增长67%)。结果表明,在这一领域对ASR系统进行基准测试的重要性。此外,我们发现WER与抑郁症本身没有系统的关系。然而,性能受到来自用户个人设备的不同音频质量的影响,并且可能受到该领域的整体语音风格的影响。
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引用次数: 5
Space utilization and activity recognition using 3D stereo vision camera inside an educational building 利用三维立体视觉相机在某教育建筑内的空间利用与活动识别
Anooshmita Das, K. Jens, M. Kjærgaard
Accurate occupancy information is imperative for the optimization of built-in environments to achieve energy savings and user comfort. Comprehending the occupancy information provides an opportunity to interpret movement patterns, circulation-flow, space usage patterns inside the building. In this paper, we designed a case study that includes experimental testbeds from the HL Linder Hall Cafeteria; a public shared space at the University of Cincinnati College of Business, United States. Based on the time-series data collected from 3D Stereo Vision Camera, an algorithm is proposed for the removal of redundant occupant IDs to overcome inconsistencies in the Field of View (FoV) of the camera and ensure accurate estimates and consistent data. Another algorithm for data annotation in activity recognition is proposed for the binary class classification of activity with sitting and moving labels. The data obtained can be used for inspecting various types of open and shared spaces available for work and quotidian interactions among occupants. The seats and space utilization patterns extracted from the camera within the monitored area are validated using a digitally advanced tool, known as ArcGIS Pro. For the experiment, prior permission was granted by the Building Management System (BMS) authorities, and occupants' confidentiality is preserved. The space usage patterns extracted can grant access to the new dimension of investigation associated with the space selection and occupant behavior inside the buildings. This paper also discusses the challenges faced during the design phase for the deployment, and it summarizes the potential improvements in the field of occupancy sensing for energy-efficient buildings.
准确的占用信息对于优化内置环境以实现节能和用户舒适度至关重要。理解占用信息提供了一个机会来解释建筑内部的运动模式、循环流动和空间使用模式。在本文中,我们设计了一个案例研究,包括来自HL Linder Hall自助餐厅的实验试验台;美国辛辛那提大学商学院的公共共享空间。基于三维立体视觉相机采集的时间序列数据,提出了一种去除冗余乘员id的算法,以克服相机视场不一致的问题,保证估计的准确性和数据的一致性。提出了一种基于坐姿标签和运动标签的活动识别数据标注算法。所获得的数据可用于检查可用于工作和居住者之间日常互动的各种类型的开放和共享空间。从监控区域内的摄像头中提取的座位和空间利用模式使用称为ArcGIS Pro的先进数字工具进行验证。对于实验,事先获得了建筑物管理系统(BMS)当局的许可,并为居住者保密。提取的空间使用模式可以进入与建筑内部空间选择和居住者行为相关的研究的新维度。本文还讨论了在部署的设计阶段所面临的挑战,并总结了节能建筑占用传感领域的潜在改进。
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引用次数: 7
8th international workshop on human activity sensing corpus and applications (HASCA) 第八届人类活动传感语料库与应用国际研讨会
Kazuya Murao, Yu Enokibori, H. Gjoreski, P. Lago, Tsuyoshi Okita, Pekka Siirtola, Kei Hiroi, P. Scholl, Mathias Ciliberto
The recognition of complex and subtle human behaviors from wearable sensors will enable next-generation human-oriented computing in scenarios of high societal value (e.g., dementia care). This will require large-scale human activity corpus and much improved methods to recognize activities and the context in which they occur. This workshop deals with the challenges of designing reproducible experimental setups, running large-scale dataset collection campaigns, designing activity and context recognition methods that are robust and adaptive, and evaluating systems in the real world. We wish to reflect on future methods, such as lifelong learning approaches that allow open-ended activity recognition. This year HASCA will welcome papers from participants to the Third Sussex-Huawei Locomotion and Transportation Recognition Challenge and Second Nursing Activity Recognition Challenge in special sessions.
可穿戴传感器对复杂和微妙的人类行为的识别将使下一代以人为本的计算在高社会价值的场景中成为可能(例如,痴呆症护理)。这将需要大规模的人类活动语料库和大大改进的方法来识别活动及其发生的环境。本次研讨会涉及设计可重复的实验设置、运行大规模数据集收集活动、设计健壮且自适应的活动和上下文识别方法以及在现实世界中评估系统的挑战。我们希望反思未来的方法,比如允许开放式活动识别的终身学习方法。今年,HASCA将在特别会议上欢迎第三届苏塞克斯-华为运动和交通识别挑战赛和第二届护理活动识别挑战赛的参与者发表论文。
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引用次数: 1
Towards understanding smartphone usage and sleep with a crowdsensing approach 用大众感知的方法来理解智能手机的使用和睡眠
Parsa Sharmila, Vappu Schroderus, Eemil Lagerspetz, Ella Peltonen
Smartphone usage and sleep quality have established connections in psychological research, but in the HCI context, the topic is still understudied. In this paper, we present preliminary insights into behavioral patterns between smartphone usage and sleep quality by using crowdsensed data. We utilize a large-scale mobile usage dataset and a PHQ-8 depression questionnaire answered by 743 participants from varying age groups and socioeconomic backgrounds. Based on our preliminary results, we provide a methodological pipeline for future work towards understanding the relationship between daily smartphone usage patterns and sleep quality in the wild.
智能手机的使用和睡眠质量在心理学研究中已经建立了联系,但在人机交互的背景下,这个话题仍然没有得到充分的研究。在本文中,我们通过使用众感数据对智能手机使用和睡眠质量之间的行为模式提出了初步见解。我们利用了一个大规模的手机使用数据集和一份PHQ-8抑郁症问卷,由743名来自不同年龄段和社会经济背景的参与者回答。基于我们的初步结果,我们为未来的工作提供了一种方法管道,以了解日常智能手机使用模式与野外睡眠质量之间的关系。
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引用次数: 4
Computational tools for understanding air pollution 了解空气污染的计算工具
Rishiraj Adhikary, Nipun Batra
Ambient fine particulate (PM2.5) is the most significant risk factor for premature death, shortening life expectancy at birth by 1.5 to 1.9 years [2]. 91% of the world's population lives in areas where air pollution exceeds safety limits1. 99% of the people in countries like India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh experience ambient exposures of PM2.5 exceeding 75 μg/m3 to 100 μg/m3 [3]. My Ph.D. thesis will be on understanding the perception of air pollution among people using social media data. I also intend to develop a wearable air pollution exposure monitor and design an air pollution visualisation tool to reduce the entry barrier for air pollution research.
环境细颗粒物(PM2.5)是导致过早死亡的最重要危险因素,可使出生时预期寿命缩短1.5至1.9年[2]。世界上91%的人口生活在空气污染超过安全限度的地区。在印度、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和孟加拉国等国,99%的人都经历过PM2.5超过75至100 μg/m3的环境暴露[3]。我的博士论文将是关于利用社交媒体数据了解人们对空气污染的看法。我还打算开发一种可穿戴的空气污染暴露监测仪,并设计一种空气污染可视化工具,以减少空气污染研究的进入壁垒。
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引用次数: 4
A low-cost prototyping framework for human-robot desk interaction 人机桌面交互的低成本原型框架
Henry Odoemelem, Kristof Van Laerhoven
Many current human-robot interactive systems tend to use accurate and fast - but also costly - actuators and tracking systems to establish working prototypes that are safe to use and deploy for user studies. This paper presents an embedded framework to build a desktop space for human-robot interaction, using an open-source robot arm, as well as two RGB cameras connected to a Raspberry Pi-based controller that allow a fast yet low-cost object tracking and manipulation in 3D. We show in our evaluations that this facilitates prototyping a number of systems in which user and robot arm can commonly interact with physical objects.
许多当前的人机交互系统倾向于使用准确、快速(但也昂贵)的致动器和跟踪系统来建立可安全使用和部署用于用户研究的工作原型。本文提出了一个嵌入式框架,用于构建人机交互的桌面空间,使用开源机器人手臂,以及连接到基于树莓派的控制器的两个RGB相机,该控制器允许快速而低成本的3D对象跟踪和操作。我们在评估中表明,这有助于用户和机械臂通常可以与物理对象交互的许多系统的原型设计。
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引用次数: 1
Sleepy watch: towards predicting daytime sleepiness based on body temperature 困倦手表:基于体温预测白天困倦程度
Jie Bao, Jiawen Han, Akira Kato, K. Kunze
Daytime sleepiness, the difficulty to maintain an alert waking state during the day, is a serious problem causing vehicle accidents and adverse effects on well-being, health, and productivity. Our research aims at predicting daytime sleepiness using wearable sensing in everyday life to raise awareness and help people to manage their energy better. This study presents a first exploration of comparing body temperature (wrist, forehead, in-ear) with users alertness, measured over a reaction test: Psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) in 7 participants over 2 days in real-life conditions (168 hours in total). The results indicate a weak correlation between some body temperature measures and the PVT scores for certain subjects. This underlines that unobtrusive on-body temperature sensing can be an interesting modality to understand and explore daytime sleepiness.
白天嗜睡,即在白天难以保持清醒的状态,是一个严重的问题,会导致交通事故,并对幸福感、健康和生产力产生不利影响。我们的研究旨在通过在日常生活中使用可穿戴传感器来预测白天的困倦,以提高人们的意识,帮助人们更好地管理自己的精力。本研究首次对体温(手腕、前额、耳内)与使用者的警觉性进行了比较,这是通过反应测试来测量的:心理运动警觉性任务(PVT), 7名参与者在现实生活条件下(总共168小时)进行了2天的测试。结果表明,某些体温测量与某些受试者的PVT得分之间存在微弱的相关性。这强调了不引人注目的体温感应可以是一种有趣的方式来理解和探索白天的嗜睡。
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引用次数: 2
CPD 2020: the 3rd international workshop on combining physical and data-driven knowledge in ubiquitous computing CPD 2020:第三届普适计算中物理和数据驱动知识相结合的国际研讨会
Xinlei Chen, Shijia Pan, M. Amini
In the real-world ubiquitous computing systems, it is difficult to require a significant amount of data to obtain accurate information through pure data-driven methods. The performance of data-driven methods relies on the quantity and 'quality' of data. They perform well when a sufficient amount of data is available, which is regarded as ideal conditions. However, in real-world systems, collecting data can be costly or impossible due to practical limitations. On the other hand, it is promising to utilize physical knowledge to alleviate these issues of data limitation. The physical knowledge includes domain knowledge from experts, heuristics from experiences, analytic models of the physical phenomena and etc. The goal of the workshop is to explore the intersection between (and the combination of) data and physical knowledge. The workshop aims to bring together domain experts that explore the physical understanding of the data, practitioners that develop systems and the researchers in traditional data-driven domains. The workshop welcomes papers, which focuses on addressing these issues in different applications/domains as well as algorithmic and systematic approaches to applying physical knowledge. Therefore, we further seek to develop a community that systematically analyzes the data quality regarding inference and evaluates the improvements from physical knowledge. Preliminary and on-going work is welcomed.
在现实世界的普适计算系统中,很难要求大量的数据通过纯数据驱动的方法来获得准确的信息。数据驱动方法的性能依赖于数据的数量和“质量”。当有足够数量的可用数据时,它们表现良好,这被认为是理想的条件。然而,在现实世界的系统中,由于实际的限制,收集数据可能是昂贵的或不可能的。另一方面,利用物理知识来缓解这些数据限制问题是有希望的。物理知识包括专家的领域知识、经验的启发、物理现象的分析模型等。研讨会的目标是探索数据和物理知识之间的交集(以及两者的结合)。该研讨会旨在将探索数据物理理解的领域专家、开发系统的从业者和传统数据驱动领域的研究人员聚集在一起。研讨会欢迎论文,这些论文的重点是在不同的应用/领域中解决这些问题,以及应用物理知识的算法和系统方法。因此,我们进一步寻求建立一个社区,系统地分析有关推理的数据质量,并评估物理知识的改进。欢迎开展初步和正在进行的工作。
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引用次数: 0
Intercultural usability of large public displays 大型公共展览的跨文化可用性
Laura Stojko
One component of smart or major cities are large public displays that are used for many purposes - advertising, warning, informing. These devices appeal to a large heterogeneous user group as especially in major cities people from many countries and cultures live together. Even though, researchers have identified intercultural usability recommendations for general and private devices - mobile phones, websites, etc. -, there is still a gap of information about how to design large non-personal, public displays for intercultural user groups. This dissertation explores the challenges and opportunities within the intercultural design space of large public displays. The expected results are design recommendations and guidelines regarding relevant aspects for intercultural usability of large public displays. Further, these results can be used by user interface designers and researchers that want to design, improve, evaluate or further explore large public displays for intercultural settings.
智能城市或主要城市的一个组成部分是用于多种目的的大型公共展示——广告、警告、通知。这些设备吸引了庞大的异质用户群,特别是在大城市中,来自许多国家和文化的人们生活在一起。尽管研究人员已经确定了通用设备和私人设备(手机、网站等)的跨文化可用性建议,但关于如何为跨文化用户群体设计大型非个人、公共展示,仍然存在信息缺口。本文探讨了大型公共展览跨文化设计空间中的挑战和机遇。预期的结果是关于大型公共展示的跨文化可用性相关方面的设计建议和指导方针。此外,这些结果可以被想要设计、改进、评估或进一步探索跨文化设置的大型公共展示的用户界面设计师和研究人员使用。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers
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