Current methods for predicting output, such as material balancing and numerical simulation, need years of production history, and the model parameters employed determine how accurate they are. The use of artificial neural network (ANN) technology in the production forecasting of a deep offshore field under water injection/water flooding in Nigeria’s Niger-Delta region is investigated in this study. Oil, water, and gas production rates were predicted using well models and engineering features. Real-world field data from producer and water injection wells in deep offshore is used to test the models’ performance. Ninety percent (90%) of the historical data were utilised for training and validating the model framework before being put to the test with the remaining information. The predictive model takes little data and computation and is capable of estimating fluid production rate with a coefficient of prediction of more than 90%, with simulated results that match real-world data. The discoveries of this work could assist oil and gas businesses in forecasting production rates, determining a well’s estimated ultimate recovery (EUR), and making informed financial and operational decisions.
{"title":"Intelligent Production Prediction of Deep Offshore Hydrocarbon Reservoir: A Case Study of Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria","authors":"T. Akano, Kenneth Chukwudi Ochulor","doi":"10.4028/p-bR3nCO","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-bR3nCO","url":null,"abstract":"Current methods for predicting output, such as material balancing and numerical simulation, need years of production history, and the model parameters employed determine how accurate they are. The use of artificial neural network (ANN) technology in the production forecasting of a deep offshore field under water injection/water flooding in Nigeria’s Niger-Delta region is investigated in this study. Oil, water, and gas production rates were predicted using well models and engineering features. Real-world field data from producer and water injection wells in deep offshore is used to test the models’ performance. Ninety percent (90%) of the historical data were utilised for training and validating the model framework before being put to the test with the remaining information. The predictive model takes little data and computation and is capable of estimating fluid production rate with a coefficient of prediction of more than 90%, with simulated results that match real-world data. The discoveries of this work could assist oil and gas businesses in forecasting production rates, determining a well’s estimated ultimate recovery (EUR), and making informed financial and operational decisions.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"54 1","pages":"111 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90461659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nana Twum Duah, Joseph Sarfo Adusei, Bright Kyeremanteng, Amamoo Eshun Kelvin, Joseph Owusu, Kwabena Amoako Kyeremeh
Ghana has seen a significant rise in the production of beverages by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in recent times. However, the high cost associated with implementing automated systems in their production makes it difficult for SMEs to adopt such technology. To address this challenge a simple, scalable and economical automated liquid filling system that can be adopted by SMEs is built. The main components of the system are a microcontroller, servo motor, submersible water pump, relay, Liquid crystal display (LCD), and a keypad. The microprocessor in the design makes the system easier to customize to user preference and allows the system to be modified to accommodate different bottle sizes. The system’s use of a counter and timer are employed in the system to eliminate sensors making it economical, power efficient and limiting the number of interfaces for fault. The system is portable, user-friendly and easier to maintain. When tested with water and common beverages in the Ghanaian market the system demonstrated an ability to fill twelve 250-mL bottles with water, sobolo, and fruit juice within 21, 30, and 42 seconds, respectively. Thedeveloped system provides a practical solution to SMEs' challenge of implementing automated systems in their production process, thereby enhancing their competitiveness and potential for growth in Ghana.
{"title":"Automated Liquid Filling System for Small Medium-Sized Enterprises in Ghana","authors":"Nana Twum Duah, Joseph Sarfo Adusei, Bright Kyeremanteng, Amamoo Eshun Kelvin, Joseph Owusu, Kwabena Amoako Kyeremeh","doi":"10.4028/p-2dKUhr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2dKUhr","url":null,"abstract":"Ghana has seen a significant rise in the production of beverages by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in recent times. However, the high cost associated with implementing automated systems in their production makes it difficult for SMEs to adopt such technology. To address this challenge a simple, scalable and economical automated liquid filling system that can be adopted by SMEs is built. The main components of the system are a microcontroller, servo motor, submersible water pump, relay, Liquid crystal display (LCD), and a keypad. The microprocessor in the design makes the system easier to customize to user preference and allows the system to be modified to accommodate different bottle sizes. The system’s use of a counter and timer are employed in the system to eliminate sensors making it economical, power efficient and limiting the number of interfaces for fault. The system is portable, user-friendly and easier to maintain. When tested with water and common beverages in the Ghanaian market the system demonstrated an ability to fill twelve 250-mL bottles with water, sobolo, and fruit juice within 21, 30, and 42 seconds, respectively. Thedeveloped system provides a practical solution to SMEs' challenge of implementing automated systems in their production process, thereby enhancing their competitiveness and potential for growth in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"90 19 1","pages":"101 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81250166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The conductivity of cement-based materials is usually poor, and this material is not a common conductive material. However, with the rapid development of Internet of Things technology in recent years, the rise of smart cities has brought more and more opportunities and needs, and conductive cement-based materials have emerged. Conductive cement-based material is a new type of composite material. The conductive material is added to the cement-based material to reduce its resistance and enhance the conductive properties of the material. The material can not only be applied to the construction of smart cities, such as smart street lamps and smart roads but also can be widely used in buildings, public transportation, and other fields. In the study of conductive cement-based materials, the size and shape of conductive materials have a direct impact on the electrical conductivity of cement-based materials. This is because the dispersion of the conductive material has a significant effect on the conductivity, and the size and shape of the conductive material can determine its dispersion. Secondly, in the application environment of cement-based materials, factors such as humidity and cracks may affect electrical conductivity. Therefore, to ensure the stability and reliability of conductive cement-based materials, a large number of experimental studies are needed to optimize the dispersion and shape of conductive materials and to understand the performance of materials in different environments. The research of conductive cement-based materials is of great significance to the construction of smart cities in the future. This conductive material has great application prospects, which can not only improve the intelligent level of urban infrastructure but also bring more social and economic benefits.
{"title":"Review of Research on Conductive Cement-Based Material","authors":"Te Li, Laire Tier","doi":"10.4028/p-vsgE2c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-vsgE2c","url":null,"abstract":"The conductivity of cement-based materials is usually poor, and this material is not a common conductive material. However, with the rapid development of Internet of Things technology in recent years, the rise of smart cities has brought more and more opportunities and needs, and conductive cement-based materials have emerged. Conductive cement-based material is a new type of composite material. The conductive material is added to the cement-based material to reduce its resistance and enhance the conductive properties of the material. The material can not only be applied to the construction of smart cities, such as smart street lamps and smart roads but also can be widely used in buildings, public transportation, and other fields. In the study of conductive cement-based materials, the size and shape of conductive materials have a direct impact on the electrical conductivity of cement-based materials. This is because the dispersion of the conductive material has a significant effect on the conductivity, and the size and shape of the conductive material can determine its dispersion. Secondly, in the application environment of cement-based materials, factors such as humidity and cracks may affect electrical conductivity. Therefore, to ensure the stability and reliability of conductive cement-based materials, a large number of experimental studies are needed to optimize the dispersion and shape of conductive materials and to understand the performance of materials in different environments. The research of conductive cement-based materials is of great significance to the construction of smart cities in the future. This conductive material has great application prospects, which can not only improve the intelligent level of urban infrastructure but also bring more social and economic benefits.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"96 1","pages":"31 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86065320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The major portion power loss in power system occurs in the components of low voltage (LV) networks. Low voltage distribution system (LVDS) configuration has been observed to contribute significantly to power loss and unacceptable voltage drop in the system due to its structure and higher current flow in the network. The adoption of small capacity transformers as high voltage distribution system (HVDS) configuration is increasingly applied to the network for power loss reduction and the improvement of voltage profile. This study aims to evaluate the technical and economic implication of the use of HVDS configuration on Ado-Ekiti 11/0.415 kV power distribution networks and provide necessary recommendations. The network data was obtained and modeled on NEPLAN software for simulation and technical evaluation of the networks. The existing LV lines were upgraded to high voltage (HV) and remodeled with small capacity transformers and comparative analysis of the technical and economic effects of the networks were carried out. The results obtained showed that there could be feeder capacity increase of 92.03 kW and power loss reduction of 347.17 kW and 459.72 kVar following reconfiguration from LVDS to HVDS. The losses in the transformers and lines were significantly reduced by 37.8% for HVDS configuration when compared with the LVDS configuration. The voltage profile was significantly improved with voltage deviations in the range of ± 0.01 to ± 0.03 of bus voltage for the HVDS network when compared to the existing network. The cost of implementation of the HVDS network substation was calculated to be ₦807,238,715.50 and with the combination of annual savings and an increment in tariff of ₦5/kWh in the billing charge of unit energy consumption resulted in a payback period of 2 to 3 years for the estimated capital investment. This study showed that technical performance of HVDS implementation on the Ado-Ekiti network feeder was better than that of the existing network.
{"title":"Techno-Economical Effects of Adopting Small Capacity Transformers on Ado-Ekiti 11/0.415 kV Power Distribution Networks","authors":"Ademayowa Francis Oni, M. R. Adu","doi":"10.4028/p-1tgphO","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-1tgphO","url":null,"abstract":"The major portion power loss in power system occurs in the components of low voltage (LV) networks. Low voltage distribution system (LVDS) configuration has been observed to contribute significantly to power loss and unacceptable voltage drop in the system due to its structure and higher current flow in the network. The adoption of small capacity transformers as high voltage distribution system (HVDS) configuration is increasingly applied to the network for power loss reduction and the improvement of voltage profile. This study aims to evaluate the technical and economic implication of the use of HVDS configuration on Ado-Ekiti 11/0.415 kV power distribution networks and provide necessary recommendations. The network data was obtained and modeled on NEPLAN software for simulation and technical evaluation of the networks. The existing LV lines were upgraded to high voltage (HV) and remodeled with small capacity transformers and comparative analysis of the technical and economic effects of the networks were carried out. The results obtained showed that there could be feeder capacity increase of 92.03 kW and power loss reduction of 347.17 kW and 459.72 kVar following reconfiguration from LVDS to HVDS. The losses in the transformers and lines were significantly reduced by 37.8% for HVDS configuration when compared with the LVDS configuration. The voltage profile was significantly improved with voltage deviations in the range of ± 0.01 to ± 0.03 of bus voltage for the HVDS network when compared to the existing network. The cost of implementation of the HVDS network substation was calculated to be ₦807,238,715.50 and with the combination of annual savings and an increment in tariff of ₦5/kWh in the billing charge of unit energy consumption resulted in a payback period of 2 to 3 years for the estimated capital investment. This study showed that technical performance of HVDS implementation on the Ado-Ekiti network feeder was better than that of the existing network.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"25 1","pages":"73 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84589194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With The emerging environmental concern of the public, as well as the implementation of governmental regulations, enabling the control of the environmental impact of production activities, companies are developing strategies to achieve more sustainable operations. In fact, over the last years, there has been growing pressure on organizations to manage their operations in a responsible manner to improve their environmental performance. Which has motivated companies to implement sustainable operations. In this context, Green Manufacturing can make a positive contribution to the environmental performance of organizations. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to identify Green Manufacturing and its impact on sustainable performance with some examples of companies that have integrated these sustainable practices in their process, and analyze their impact with a focus on the Moroccan industry. The survey includes 50 different automotive companies shows how they are carrying out green manufacturing and environmental practices.
{"title":"Green Manufacturing and Environmental Sustainability Case of Morocco","authors":"Yassine Bouazza, A. Lajjam, B. Dkhissi","doi":"10.4028/p-GQiR1s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-GQiR1s","url":null,"abstract":"With The emerging environmental concern of the public, as well as the implementation of governmental regulations, enabling the control of the environmental impact of production activities, companies are developing strategies to achieve more sustainable operations. In fact, over the last years, there has been growing pressure on organizations to manage their operations in a responsible manner to improve their environmental performance. Which has motivated companies to implement sustainable operations. In this context, Green Manufacturing can make a positive contribution to the environmental performance of organizations. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to identify Green Manufacturing and its impact on sustainable performance with some examples of companies that have integrated these sustainable practices in their process, and analyze their impact with a focus on the Moroccan industry. The survey includes 50 different automotive companies shows how they are carrying out green manufacturing and environmental practices.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":"125 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85543480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work presents Rousselier´s damage model parameters effect and their physical meaning on Charpy fracture propagation curves. Therefore, instrumented Charpy tests were performed at room test temperature to measure the load-displacement curve. The parameters were measured from a Grade A ship plate steel, employed for the construction of merchant ships. The effect of Rousselier´s model parameter was done by performing cellular automata finite element (CAFE) modelling, where Rousselier’s damage model was coded, and therefore Rousselier´s model parameters were incorporated using random number generators in the ductile arrays of cells, using Weibull distributions. Consequently, in each CAFE simulation, the model evaluates random values of Rousselier´s damage model parameters performing a more physically based modelling. The results showed that the present CAFE modelling was able to reproduce the hardening and fracture propagation regions of instrumented Charpy data. Furthermore, the present work showed a suitable Rousselier´s damage model parameters calibration procedure with Charpy data, and how each Rousselier´s model parameter can affect the hardening and fracture propagations regions when they are not properly calibrated, producing unrealistic results. Additionally, it can be observed that the present results can be used as a template for a better calibration of Rousselier´s damage model parameters in CAFE modelling.
{"title":"Parametric Modelling of Rousselier ́s Damage Model Parameters with Instrumented Charpy Tests","authors":"R. Cuamatzi-Meléndez","doi":"10.4028/p-6dQbxn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-6dQbxn","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents Rousselier´s damage model parameters effect and their physical meaning on Charpy fracture propagation curves. Therefore, instrumented Charpy tests were performed at room test temperature to measure the load-displacement curve. The parameters were measured from a Grade A ship plate steel, employed for the construction of merchant ships. The effect of Rousselier´s model parameter was done by performing cellular automata finite element (CAFE) modelling, where Rousselier’s damage model was coded, and therefore Rousselier´s model parameters were incorporated using random number generators in the ductile arrays of cells, using Weibull distributions. Consequently, in each CAFE simulation, the model evaluates random values of Rousselier´s damage model parameters performing a more physically based modelling. The results showed that the present CAFE modelling was able to reproduce the hardening and fracture propagation regions of instrumented Charpy data. Furthermore, the present work showed a suitable Rousselier´s damage model parameters calibration procedure with Charpy data, and how each Rousselier´s model parameter can affect the hardening and fracture propagations regions when they are not properly calibrated, producing unrealistic results. Additionally, it can be observed that the present results can be used as a template for a better calibration of Rousselier´s damage model parameters in CAFE modelling.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"11 1","pages":"39 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87849334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital distance relaying is implemented in extra high voltage (EHV) transmission network for speedy and reliable fault detection. But it should not activate in case of slow transients known as power swings. However, for occurrence of any type of fault during power swing, the relay should sense the faulty condition and send trip command to concerned circuit breaker. The detection of fault in a transmission line network with TCSC during the power swing condition has become further complex due to transients generated by series capacitor and the metal–oxide varistor (MOV) protecting it. This paper firstly presents effect of TCSC on distance relay operation for varied TCSC degree of compensation and firing angle values. Further, a discrete wavelet transform-based fast acting fault and swing classification algorithm is proposed which can sense all types of faults during slow as well as fast power swing in first decomposition level and within 0.001 sec. The proposed utilizes optimized threshold values both for swing and fault sensing by using Honey Bee Optimization Algorithm (HBOA). The proposed novel algorithm is coded in MATLAB software and the test system comprising of 400kV, 50Hz parallel transmission line network along with TCSC is built using MATLAB Simulink environment with sim power systems toolbox. It is tested for high/low resistance faults, symmetrical/asymmetrical faults and close-in/far end faults by changing TCSC compensation level and firing angle value. The simulation results prove the accuracy of proposed methodology for swing and fault classification.
{"title":"A Novel Methodology for Fault Sensing in Presence of Power Swing for Transmission Line with Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator","authors":"Sonali Akolkar, H. Jariwala","doi":"10.4028/p-AE5sF2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-AE5sF2","url":null,"abstract":"Digital distance relaying is implemented in extra high voltage (EHV) transmission network for speedy and reliable fault detection. But it should not activate in case of slow transients known as power swings. However, for occurrence of any type of fault during power swing, the relay should sense the faulty condition and send trip command to concerned circuit breaker. The detection of fault in a transmission line network with TCSC during the power swing condition has become further complex due to transients generated by series capacitor and the metal–oxide varistor (MOV) protecting it. This paper firstly presents effect of TCSC on distance relay operation for varied TCSC degree of compensation and firing angle values. Further, a discrete wavelet transform-based fast acting fault and swing classification algorithm is proposed which can sense all types of faults during slow as well as fast power swing in first decomposition level and within 0.001 sec. The proposed utilizes optimized threshold values both for swing and fault sensing by using Honey Bee Optimization Algorithm (HBOA). The proposed novel algorithm is coded in MATLAB software and the test system comprising of 400kV, 50Hz parallel transmission line network along with TCSC is built using MATLAB Simulink environment with sim power systems toolbox. It is tested for high/low resistance faults, symmetrical/asymmetrical faults and close-in/far end faults by changing TCSC compensation level and firing angle value. The simulation results prove the accuracy of proposed methodology for swing and fault classification.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"21 1","pages":"59 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75020933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ige Samuel Ayeni, Oluborode Kayode Dele, F. Ayodele
This work aims at comparing the mechanical properties of Rice-Husk-Ash-Cement (RHA) concrete produced from magnetized water and normal water. Cement was replaced with 25% RHA being the optimum value from previous research. Water was magnetized by a magnetic device fabricated by the research team and level of magnetization was determined using magnetic field sensor application. The chemical composition of RHA shows that it contained 89.42% of oxides to be used as a pozzolan. Magnetization reduced total dissolved solid, total soluble solid, chloride content and surface tension while pH increased. The workability of magnetized and normal water concrete samples was determined. It was magnetized water concrete samples that gave higher workability than normal water concrete. Compressive, Flexural and Split tensile strengths of magnetized and normal water concrete were determined at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of curing by immersion in portable water. Magnetization shown higher influence on early strengths of concrete. Compressive, Flexural and Split tensile strengths of concrete improved between 13.25%-18.63%, 14.83%-18.02% and 9.80%-31.63%, respectively when magnetized water was introduced during concrete production. STATA package was used to analysis the data. The descriptive statistics show that mean, standard deviation error and standard deviation for concrete produced with magnetized water were all higher than that of concrete produced with normal water for all properties tested. However, inferential statistics show that there is no significant difference in the mean compressive, flexural and tensile strengths of concrete produced with magnetized water and normal water since P-value obtained was higher than the error margin of 0.05(P>0.05) for all the tested properties of concrete.
{"title":"Experimental Study of Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk Ash - Cement Concrete Made from Magnetized and Normal Water","authors":"Ige Samuel Ayeni, Oluborode Kayode Dele, F. Ayodele","doi":"10.4028/p-nPiJ60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-nPiJ60","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims at comparing the mechanical properties of Rice-Husk-Ash-Cement (RHA) concrete produced from magnetized water and normal water. Cement was replaced with 25% RHA being the optimum value from previous research. Water was magnetized by a magnetic device fabricated by the research team and level of magnetization was determined using magnetic field sensor application. The chemical composition of RHA shows that it contained 89.42% of oxides to be used as a pozzolan. Magnetization reduced total dissolved solid, total soluble solid, chloride content and surface tension while pH increased. The workability of magnetized and normal water concrete samples was determined. It was magnetized water concrete samples that gave higher workability than normal water concrete. Compressive, Flexural and Split tensile strengths of magnetized and normal water concrete were determined at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of curing by immersion in portable water. Magnetization shown higher influence on early strengths of concrete. Compressive, Flexural and Split tensile strengths of concrete improved between 13.25%-18.63%, 14.83%-18.02% and 9.80%-31.63%, respectively when magnetized water was introduced during concrete production. STATA package was used to analysis the data. The descriptive statistics show that mean, standard deviation error and standard deviation for concrete produced with magnetized water were all higher than that of concrete produced with normal water for all properties tested. However, inferential statistics show that there is no significant difference in the mean compressive, flexural and tensile strengths of concrete produced with magnetized water and normal water since P-value obtained was higher than the error margin of 0.05(P>0.05) for all the tested properties of concrete.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"57 1","pages":"17 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81400409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bing-li Fan, An Nan Sun, Zheng Jie Li, Yifei Guo, Xiao Wen Qi, Changxin Liu
A lubricating oil additive for armored vehicle engine was synthesized by ultrasonic dispersion and physical blending with polyisobutylene and poly alpha olefin as polymer matrix, nanoBN and nanoALN as antifriction materials and polyisobutylene succinimide as surfactant. Polymer-based lubricating oil additive, hydroxyl magnesium silicate powder additive, commercial anti-wear repairing agent Goldway and commercial anti-wear protective agent Chief were dispersed into 10W-40 armored vehicle engine special lubricating oil according to a certain mass fraction. The dissolution stability of different lubricating oil additives in lubricating oil was investigated by standing test. The effects of ultrasonic time and temperature on the dispersion of different kinds of lubricating oil additives in lubricating oil are investigated by using ultrasonic disperser and particle size analyzer. The MDW-5G multifunctional end-face friction and wear tester is used to simulate the actual working process of cylinder liner-piston ring in armored vehicles during driving, and tribological tests were carried out under conventional working conditions to evaluate the tribological properties of different lubricating oil additives. Scanning electron microscope was used to measure and analyze the wear surface morphology and friction interface elements after tribological test, and the lubrication mechanism of lubricating oil additives is revealed. The results show that the polymer-based lubricating oil additive has good dissolution stability and dispersion in lubricating oil. Compared with pure lubricating oil, the average friction coefficient of lubricating oil containing 3wt% polymer-based additives is 0.085, and the friction coefficient decreases by 38.8%. During the friction process, polymer-based lubricating oil additives form a self-repairing oil film to cover the surface of the sample through a series of complex physical and chemical reactions, which reduces the friction and wear between the grinding pairs and improves the lubricating performance of lubricating oil.
{"title":"Experimental Study on Dissolution Stability and Dispersion and their Influence on Tribological Properties for Reducing Friction and Prolonging Life of Armored Vehicle Engine Lubricating Oil Additives","authors":"Bing-li Fan, An Nan Sun, Zheng Jie Li, Yifei Guo, Xiao Wen Qi, Changxin Liu","doi":"10.4028/p-ba6mc5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ba6mc5","url":null,"abstract":"A lubricating oil additive for armored vehicle engine was synthesized by ultrasonic dispersion and physical blending with polyisobutylene and poly alpha olefin as polymer matrix, nanoBN and nanoALN as antifriction materials and polyisobutylene succinimide as surfactant. Polymer-based lubricating oil additive, hydroxyl magnesium silicate powder additive, commercial anti-wear repairing agent Goldway and commercial anti-wear protective agent Chief were dispersed into 10W-40 armored vehicle engine special lubricating oil according to a certain mass fraction. The dissolution stability of different lubricating oil additives in lubricating oil was investigated by standing test. The effects of ultrasonic time and temperature on the dispersion of different kinds of lubricating oil additives in lubricating oil are investigated by using ultrasonic disperser and particle size analyzer. The MDW-5G multifunctional end-face friction and wear tester is used to simulate the actual working process of cylinder liner-piston ring in armored vehicles during driving, and tribological tests were carried out under conventional working conditions to evaluate the tribological properties of different lubricating oil additives. Scanning electron microscope was used to measure and analyze the wear surface morphology and friction interface elements after tribological test, and the lubrication mechanism of lubricating oil additives is revealed. The results show that the polymer-based lubricating oil additive has good dissolution stability and dispersion in lubricating oil. Compared with pure lubricating oil, the average friction coefficient of lubricating oil containing 3wt% polymer-based additives is 0.085, and the friction coefficient decreases by 38.8%. During the friction process, polymer-based lubricating oil additives form a self-repairing oil film to cover the surface of the sample through a series of complex physical and chemical reactions, which reduces the friction and wear between the grinding pairs and improves the lubricating performance of lubricating oil.","PeriodicalId":7184,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Forum","volume":"21 1","pages":"15 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86099823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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