Preschool children spend a large part of their everyday life in kindergartens, so it is necessary to include visits to the forest, which is the most extensive natural environment in Slovenia, in preschool childcare programs. Based on surveys with preschool teachers of public kindergartens in Slovenia (N = 133), we analysed the habits, purposes, barriers and concerns associated with visiting the forest. The frequency and duration of forest visits largely depend on the distance of the forest from the kindergarten. The habits of forest visits among forest kindergartens which are included in the Network of Forest Kindergartens organized by the Institute of Forest Pedagogy do not differ significantly from that of general public kindergartens. They differ mainly with respect to the frequency of visitation in bad weather and the purpose of visitation. The main concerns when visiting the forest are ticks, fear of injury, and the children having inappropriate equipment. The reasons for less frequent forest visitation include different pedagogical priorities of the kindergartens and lack of support from the management and parents, which highlight the need for the strategic promotion and implementation of forest visitation in preschool education.
{"title":"Vplivi na obisk gozda v splošnih in gozdnih vrtcih","authors":"Aleš Golob, Mojca Nastran","doi":"10.20315/asetl.126.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/asetl.126.1","url":null,"abstract":"Preschool children spend a large part of their everyday life in kindergartens, so it is necessary to include visits to the forest, which is the most extensive natural environment in Slovenia, in preschool childcare programs. Based on surveys with preschool teachers of public kindergartens in Slovenia (N = 133), we analysed the habits, purposes, barriers and concerns associated with visiting the forest. The frequency and duration of forest visits largely depend on the distance of the forest from the kindergarten. The habits of forest visits among forest kindergartens which are included in the Network of Forest Kindergartens organized by the Institute of Forest Pedagogy do not differ significantly from that of general public kindergartens. They differ mainly with respect to the frequency of visitation in bad weather and the purpose of visitation. The main concerns when visiting the forest are ticks, fear of injury, and the children having inappropriate equipment. The reasons for less frequent forest visitation include different pedagogical priorities of the kindergartens and lack of support from the management and parents, which highlight the need for the strategic promotion and implementation of forest visitation in preschool education.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49349657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intensity of fungal decay depends mainly on wood species, temperature and precipitation events. To estimate the planned service life of wood and to determine the maintenance intervals of wooden buildings, it is necessary to assess how wood behaves in a given environment. There are a variety of models that have been developed to assess the loading of wood. The approach most commonly used in practice is that developed by Theodore Scheffer. Scheffer proposed a climate index (Scheffer climate index) based on the number of rainy days and monthly average temperatures. Based on these data, Scheffer climate index for chosen locations in Slovenia was calculated. The results of the analysis of climatic conditions show that the Schef%fer climate index is higher than it was decades ago at most of the analysed sites in Slovenia. The intensity of decomposition increased at all analysed locations, with the exception of Portorož. The largest increase in the Scheffer climate index was ob%served in Rateče.
{"title":"Vpliv podnebnih sprememb na dinamiko glivnega razkroja lesa v Sloveniji","authors":"Miha Humar, Boštjan Lesar, Davor Kržišnik","doi":"10.20315/asetl.125.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/asetl.125.5","url":null,"abstract":"The intensity of fungal decay depends mainly on wood species, temperature and precipitation events. To estimate the planned service life of wood and to determine the maintenance intervals of wooden buildings, it is necessary to assess how wood behaves in a given environment. There are a variety of models that have been developed to assess the loading of wood. The approach most commonly used in practice is that developed by Theodore Scheffer. Scheffer proposed a climate index (Scheffer climate index) based on the number of rainy days and monthly average temperatures. Based on these data, Scheffer climate index for chosen locations in Slovenia was calculated. The results of the analysis of climatic conditions show that the Schef%fer climate index is higher than it was decades ago at most of the analysed sites in Slovenia. The intensity of decomposition increased at all analysed locations, with the exception of Portorož. The largest increase in the Scheffer climate index was ob%served in Rateče.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42211152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modeling the height and diameter growth of trees is an important part of forest management. Growth models provide the basis for determining the thinning regime, target tree dimensions and optimal proportions of developmental phases of forest stands. We developed individual height growth models for dominant Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in two forest types (sessile oak-European beech forests and pre-Alpine silver fir-European beech forests). Based on the models, the site productivity index (SPI), defined as the dominant tree height at a diameter of 45 cm, was determined for spruce and beech in both forest types. Based on the diameter increment of the dominant trees, the age of trees in regard to their diameter was calculated, which was the basis for Height-Age modeling. The site productivity index (SPI) of spruce in sessile oak-beech forests and pre-Alpine silver fir-European beech forests is higher than that of beech: 31.3 and 29.7 vs 28.7 and 27.9, respectively. Estimated site indices (SI; dominant tree height at the age of 100 years) in sessile oak- European beech forests and pre-Alpine silver fir-European beech forests were 33.4 and 32.0 for spruce, and 29.0 and 27.0 for beech, respectively. Using the described procedure, it is possible to determine indices of site productivity of spruce and beech (SI and SPI) in the selected forest habitat types. Testing the procedure in other forest types and for other tree species is suggested.
{"title":"Modeliranje višinske in debelinske rasti dominantnih dreves ter ocenjevanje indeksov produkcijske sposobnosti gozdnih rastišč","authors":"Andrej Bončina, Vasilije Trifković, Živa Bončina","doi":"10.20315/asetl.125.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/asetl.125.1","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling the height and diameter growth of trees is an important part of forest management. Growth models provide the basis for determining the thinning regime, target tree dimensions and optimal proportions of developmental phases of forest stands. We developed individual height growth models for dominant Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in two forest types (sessile oak-European beech forests and pre-Alpine silver fir-European beech forests). Based on the models, the site productivity index (SPI), defined as the dominant tree height at a diameter of 45 cm, was determined for spruce and beech in both forest types. Based on the diameter increment of the dominant trees, the age of trees in regard to their diameter was calculated, which was the basis for Height-Age modeling. The site productivity index (SPI) of spruce in sessile oak-beech forests and pre-Alpine silver fir-European beech forests is higher than that of beech: 31.3 and 29.7 vs 28.7 and 27.9, respectively. Estimated site indices (SI; dominant tree height at the age of 100 years) in sessile oak- European beech forests and pre-Alpine silver fir-European beech forests were 33.4 and 32.0 for spruce, and 29.0 and 27.0 for beech, respectively. Using the described procedure, it is possible to determine indices of site productivity of spruce and beech (SI and SPI) in the selected forest habitat types. Testing the procedure in other forest types and for other tree species is suggested.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41318988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anica Simčič, Petra Pečan, Mojca Nastran, M. Kobal
Heat islands (HI) are a common anthropogenic phenomenon and are defined as artificial surfaces (urban areas) that have a higher average temperature than their surroundings (rural areas). The aim of this work was to determine the influence of land use on the spatial distribution and intensity (HIi ) of HI in Slovenia. The MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Corine Land Cover (CLC) databases were used to perform the analysis. Within the identified HI, two HI levels were determined based on temperature difference. The results revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between HIi and both forest co%ver and forest fragmentation (forest edge density and ratio of mean forest patch size to HI size). Artificial surface was positively correlated with HIi . The results contribute to the understanding of the spatial distribution of HI and HIi and provide informati%on for spatial planning and policy-making to reduce the negative impact of HI.
热岛（HI）是一种常见的人为现象，被定义为平均温度高于周围环境（农村地区）的人造表面（城市地区）。这项工作的目的是确定土地利用对斯洛文尼亚HI空间分布和强度（HIi）的影响。利用MODIS地表温度（LST）和Corine Land Cover（CLC）数据库进行分析。在确定的HI中，根据温差确定了两个HI水平。结果显示，HIi与森林覆盖率和森林破碎化（森林边缘密度和平均森林斑块大小与HIi大小的比率）之间存在统计学上显著的负相关。人工表面与HIi呈正相关。研究结果有助于理解HI和HIi的空间分布，并为空间规划和决策提供信息，以减少HI的负面影响。
{"title":"The influence of land use on the spatial distribution and intensity of heat islands in Slovenia","authors":"Anica Simčič, Petra Pečan, Mojca Nastran, M. Kobal","doi":"10.20315/asetl.125.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/asetl.125.2","url":null,"abstract":"Heat islands (HI) are a common anthropogenic phenomenon and are defined as artificial surfaces (urban areas) that have a higher average temperature than their surroundings (rural areas). The aim of this work was to determine the influence of land use on the spatial distribution and intensity (HIi ) of HI in Slovenia. The MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Corine Land Cover (CLC) databases were used to perform the analysis. Within the identified HI, two HI levels were determined based on temperature difference. The results revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between HIi and both forest co%ver and forest fragmentation (forest edge density and ratio of mean forest patch size to HI size). Artificial surface was positively correlated with HIi . The results contribute to the understanding of the spatial distribution of HI and HIi and provide informati%on for spatial planning and policy-making to reduce the negative impact of HI.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43481159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated the possibility of activating private forest management through business cooperation within 'forest lease' and 'forest management' business models between private forest owners (PFOs) and forest service providers. By surveying PFOs (n = 205) and forest service providers (n = 14), we found that the willingness to engage in business cooperation in both proposed business models is higher among forest service providers than PFOs. In addition, we found that business cooperation within the proposed business models is feasible because the level of cooperation of PFOs with forest service providers over a 10-year period is satisfactory, and the proposed terms and conditions governing the business relationship and basic contract obligations of the contracting parties have proven to be appropriate for both business partners. In order to establish business cooperation, it is first necessary to promote business cooperation at the local level and to establish business relations between potential partners.
{"title":"Aktiviranje gospodarjenja v zasebnih gozdovih s poslovnim sodelovanjem med zasebnimi lastniki gozdov in ponudniki gozdarskih storitev: študij primera revir Vodice","authors":"Nina Iveta, Š. Malovrh","doi":"10.20315/asetl.125.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/asetl.125.4","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the possibility of activating private forest management through business cooperation within 'forest lease' and 'forest management' business models between private forest owners (PFOs) and forest service providers. By surveying PFOs (n = 205) and forest service providers (n = 14), we found that the willingness to engage in business cooperation in both proposed business models is higher among forest service providers than PFOs. In addition, we found that business cooperation within the proposed business models is feasible because the level of cooperation of PFOs with forest service providers over a 10-year period is satisfactory, and the proposed terms and conditions governing the business relationship and basic contract obligations of the contracting parties have proven to be appropriate for both business partners. In order to establish business cooperation, it is first necessary to promote business cooperation at the local level and to establish business relations between potential partners.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45878054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A survey conducted in 2019 covered 544 randomly selected forest owners. More than half of the forest owners own a forest estate ranging from 1 to 4.99 ha. For 62 % of respondents, the primary purpose of forest management is to harvest wood for their own needs. In 2015%2019, 71 % of respondents carried out felling and skidding in their forests. In total, approximately 50,000 m3 of wood was felled (24 m3 /ha or 141 m3 per holding). The largest volumes were felled by private owners with small forest holdings (up to 0.99 ha), on average 41.4 m3 /ha. There were statistically significant differences between the size of the forest holding and the average volume of annual felling. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in felling intensity between male and female forest owners. The survey found that professional contractors carried out 41 % of felling and harvesting. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the size of the private forest estate and the method of performing forest operations. The results showed that the largest share of private owners who carry out all felling and skidding with the help of hired contractors is in the size class of forest holdings from 5 to 9.99 ha. The study did not confirm statistically significant differences in the intensity of felling between male and female private forest owners.
{"title":"Značilnosti opravljanja sečnje in spravila v zasebnih gozdovih v Sloveniji","authors":"Špela Ščap, Darja Stare, Nike Krajnc, Matevž Triplat","doi":"10.20315/asetl.125.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/asetl.125.3","url":null,"abstract":"A survey conducted in 2019 covered 544 randomly selected forest owners. More than half of the forest owners own a forest estate ranging from 1 to 4.99 ha. For 62 % of respondents, the primary purpose of forest management is to harvest wood for their own needs. In 2015%2019, 71 % of respondents carried out felling and skidding in their forests. In total, approximately 50,000 m3 of wood was felled (24 m3 /ha or 141 m3 per holding). The largest volumes were felled by private owners with small forest holdings (up to 0.99 ha), on average 41.4 m3 /ha. There were statistically significant differences between the size of the forest holding and the average volume of annual felling. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in felling intensity between male and female forest owners. The survey found that professional contractors carried out 41 % of felling and harvesting. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the size of the private forest estate and the method of performing forest operations. The results showed that the largest share of private owners who carry out all felling and skidding with the help of hired contractors is in the size class of forest holdings from 5 to 9.99 ha. The study did not confirm statistically significant differences in the intensity of felling between male and female private forest owners.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46873536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Domen Arnič, Miha Humar, Davor Kržišnik, Luka Krajnc, Peter Prislan
Wood density is an important physical property that can be easily measured and is closely related to many other wood properties. Furthermore, wood density is a good indicator of the usability and applicability of wood in the wood processing, construction and energy industries. Because it is strongly dependent on moisture content and porosity, there are various definitions of wood density in the literature, among which the density measured on the basis of dry matter and volume is the most commonly used. The aim of this paper is to present different methods for wood density determination and the importance of collecting such data for the development of the forest-based bioeconomy. In practice, there are several direct and indirect methods of density measurement; in addition to the most basic volumetric approach, the density of wood can be measured by penetrometer, resistograph, high frequency densitometry, X-rays, near infrared spectroscopy and microwaves. Wood will continue to grow in importance, as it is one of the key raw materials for the transition to a sustainable bioeconomy. The accurate and timely determination of wood density allows for the appropriate distribution and direction of flows of this raw material between individual conventional and new sectors (areas of use) and thus its more efficient and sustainable use.
{"title":"Gostota lesa - metode določanja in pomen pri razvoju gozdno lesnega biogospodarstva","authors":"Domen Arnič, Miha Humar, Davor Kržišnik, Luka Krajnc, Peter Prislan","doi":"10.20315/ASETL.124.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/ASETL.124.1","url":null,"abstract":"Wood density is an important physical property that can be easily measured and is closely related to many other wood properties. Furthermore, wood density is a good indicator of the usability and applicability of wood in the wood processing, construction and energy industries. Because it is strongly dependent on moisture content and porosity, there are various definitions of wood density in the literature, among which the density measured on the basis of dry matter and volume is the most commonly used. The aim of this paper is to present different methods for wood density determination and the importance of collecting such data for the development of the forest-based bioeconomy. In practice, there are several direct and indirect methods of density measurement; in addition to the most basic volumetric approach, the density of wood can be measured by penetrometer, resistograph, high frequency densitometry, X-rays, near infrared spectroscopy and microwaves. Wood will continue to grow in importance, as it is one of the key raw materials for the transition to a sustainable bioeconomy. The accurate and timely determination of wood density allows for the appropriate distribution and direction of flows of this raw material between individual conventional and new sectors (areas of use) and thus its more efficient and sustainable use.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Slovenian Forest Owners Association (FOAS), which connects local associations of private forest owners at the national level, is facing the problem of professionalizing its activities. Thus, its activities are limited. In order to improve the operation of the FOAS and possible business cooperation with its members within the framework of new business models, we conducted interviews with representatives of FOAS members (n = 24). FOAS members are satisfied with the work of the FOAS, mainly due to its involvement in the legislative process. FOAS members expect that the FOAS will become active in the area of joint timber sales in the future, which is why they showed great interest in business cooperation with the FOAS towards coordinated timber sales. In order to implement this new business model, it is first necessary to promote coordinated sales among forest owners, provide suitable personnel and establish links between timber suppliers and buyers.
{"title":"Analiza delovanja zveze lastnikov gozdov Slovenije s ciljem njenega izboljšanja - ali obstajajo možnosti za vzpostavitev novih poslovnih modelov sodelovanja s člani?","authors":"Kaja Plevnik, Š. Malovrh","doi":"10.20315/ASETL.124.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/ASETL.124.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Slovenian Forest Owners Association (FOAS), which connects local associations of private forest owners at the national level, is facing the problem of professionalizing its activities. Thus, its activities are limited. In order to improve the operation of the FOAS and possible business cooperation with its members within the framework of new business models, we conducted interviews with representatives of FOAS members (n = 24). FOAS members are satisfied with the work of the FOAS, mainly due to its involvement in the legislative process. FOAS members expect that the FOAS will become active in the area of joint timber sales in the future, which is why they showed great interest in business cooperation with the FOAS towards coordinated timber sales. In order to implement this new business model, it is first necessary to promote coordinated sales among forest owners, provide suitable personnel and establish links between timber suppliers and buyers.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debris flows can transport large amounts of material and therefore present a significant threat to infrastructure and human life. In this research, we used tree-ring width analyses to quantify the response of trees to three debris flow events in NW Slovenia (Javoršček, Srpenica) and W Slovenia (Nikova) for which we know the time of origin. We attempted to date these and similar tree responses in the past and compared the patterns between different tree species. Altogether, we sampled 147 trees across a range of tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris, Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus ornus, Acer pseudoplatanus, Picea abies, Juglans regia, Acer campestre, Tilia cordata and Ostrya carpinifolia), including reference trees that were outside the debris flow fan. For 91 trees, we constructed tree-ring chronologies and used pointer-year analysis to identify years that had abnormal growth. For the remaining trees (mostly Ostrya carpinifolia, Tilia cordata and Acer pseudoplatanus), we either could not accurately distinguish tree rings or two samples from a single tree showed significantly different growth patterns. The growth patterns of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies following debris flow events showed a weak response at the Javoršček site and no clear responses at the other two sites. Tree species responded similarly at the same locations. Due to the lack of a clear response pattern, we were not able to reconstruct past debris flows.
{"title":"Can we use dendrogeomorphology for the spatial and temporal analysis of less intensive mass movement processes?: A case study of three debris flows in NW and W Slovenia","authors":"Matevž Konjar, T. Levanič, T. Nagel, M. Kobal","doi":"10.20315/ASETL.124.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20315/ASETL.124.5","url":null,"abstract":"Debris flows can transport large amounts of material and therefore present a significant threat to infrastructure and human life. In this research, we used tree-ring width analyses to quantify the response of trees to three debris flow events in NW Slovenia (Javoršček, Srpenica) and W Slovenia (Nikova) for which we know the time of origin. We attempted to date these and similar tree responses in the past and compared the patterns between different tree species. Altogether, we sampled 147 trees across a range of tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris, Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus ornus, Acer pseudoplatanus, Picea abies, Juglans regia, Acer campestre, Tilia cordata and Ostrya carpinifolia), including reference trees that were outside the debris flow fan. For 91 trees, we constructed tree-ring chronologies and used pointer-year analysis to identify years that had abnormal growth. For the remaining trees (mostly Ostrya carpinifolia, Tilia cordata and Acer pseudoplatanus), we either could not accurately distinguish tree rings or two samples from a single tree showed significantly different growth patterns. The growth patterns of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies following debris flow events showed a weak response at the Javoršček site and no clear responses at the other two sites. Tree species responded similarly at the same locations. Due to the lack of a clear response pattern, we were not able to reconstruct past debris flows.","PeriodicalId":7188,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvae et Ligni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Bambič, Kristjan Jarni, Gregor Božič, R. Brus
Serbian spruce (Picea omorika (Pančić) Purk.) is an endemic tree species from the Balkan Peninsula. The species also thrives in Slovenia and would be an interesting minority alternative to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) on some sites. This study was carried out in a Serbian spruce plantation below Počivalnik hill, between Unec and Postojna. The trees were planted in 1988 and are currently classified as a pole stand. We measured the diameters of the trees and systematically evaluated the vitality of each tree throughout the plantation. Data processing consisted of calculating the percentage of trees of each health status for each provenance and phenotype present in the plantation, creating a plantation model, and performing an analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. We found that provenance has a significant effect on the vitality of trees but not on tree diameter. Phenotype affects both the vitality of trees and tree diameter. The correlation between phenotype and tree diameter is significant within phenotypes B (type %semidichotomy%) and C (type %serbica%). Also, the impact of phenotype on diameter increment varies between the different provenances. According to our investigations, the most suitable seed material for the Dinaric karst region of Slovenia is from the Šargan provenance (read Shargan). In terms of phenotype, types C ('serbica') and F ('argentea') seem to be the most suitable. They are also the most desirable for horticultural use.
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