One of the most destructive foliar diseases of the cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is late blight (LB), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans. Due to the limited number of commercial tomato cultivars with resistance to this disease, control is mainly through cultural practices and heavy use of fungicides. The appearance of fungicide-resistant P. infestans genotypes, however, necessitates identification of new genetic sources of host resistance to the disease and subsequent breeding of new resistant cultivars. Several new sources of resistance to tomato LB were identified in a recent screening of the tomato related wild species S. pimpinellifolium. In the present study, we examined the genetic basis of LB resistance in accession PI 270442, through parent-offspring correlation analysis, generation means analysis, and analysis of response to selection, using populations derived from crosses with a LB-susceptible tomato breeding line. 14 Matthew T. Sullenberger and Majid R. Foolad Across experiments, estimates of heritability (h) for LB resistance ranged from 0.56 – 0.86, suggesting the heritable nature of this resistance and possibility of effectively transferring LB resistance from PI 270442 to the cultivated tomato genetic background through phenotypic selection and traditional backcross breeding. Genetic mapping studies are currently underway to identify the associated molecular markers for LB resistance in PI 270442.
{"title":"Genetic characterization of late blight resistance in Solanum pimpinellifolium accession PI 270442","authors":"Matthew T. Sullenberger, M. Foolad","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2018.71231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2018.71231","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most destructive foliar diseases of the cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is late blight (LB), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans. Due to the limited number of commercial tomato cultivars with resistance to this disease, control is mainly through cultural practices and heavy use of fungicides. The appearance of fungicide-resistant P. infestans genotypes, however, necessitates identification of new genetic sources of host resistance to the disease and subsequent breeding of new resistant cultivars. Several new sources of resistance to tomato LB were identified in a recent screening of the tomato related wild species S. pimpinellifolium. In the present study, we examined the genetic basis of LB resistance in accession PI 270442, through parent-offspring correlation analysis, generation means analysis, and analysis of response to selection, using populations derived from crosses with a LB-susceptible tomato breeding line. 14 Matthew T. Sullenberger and Majid R. Foolad Across experiments, estimates of heritability (h) for LB resistance ranged from 0.56 – 0.86, suggesting the heritable nature of this resistance and possibility of effectively transferring LB resistance from PI 270442 to the cultivated tomato genetic background through phenotypic selection and traditional backcross breeding. Genetic mapping studies are currently underway to identify the associated molecular markers for LB resistance in PI 270442.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"44 1","pages":"13-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81218580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. D. Duong, K. H. Trung, L. T. Nghia, N. Thuy, Pham Bich Hien, N. T. Khoa, T. Dũng, D. M. Trung, T. Khanh
This study aimed to identify plant sources of Vietnamese Dendrobium from different regions based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. We constructed an ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence database of 32 Vietnamese native Dendrobium species. Comparison between sequencings of 32 Vietnamese native Dendrobium and Dendrobium species in the world by using ITS sequences, we have determined exactly the same pattern 23/32 of Dendrobium species. In the remaining 9 Vietnamese native Dendrobium varieties, 4 varieties were re-edited Latin names such as Hoang Thao tram Trang, D15 (Hoang Thao Tam Dao), D24 (Hoang Thao Vay rong la nho), and D25 (Hoang Thao Vay rong la trung); 5 samples have not been pinpointed as the same form including D11 (Hoang Thao Xoan), D12 (Hoang Thao Kieu tim), D14 (Hoang Thao Kieu trang), D19 (Hoang Thao Kieu trang Dong Nai), and D26 (Hoang Thao Thuy tien mo ga) species.
本研究旨在利用越南石斛核糖体DNA内部转录间隔区(ITS)序列，对越南石斛不同地区的植物来源进行鉴定。建立了越南32种石斛的ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列数据库。利用ITS序列对32种越南本土石斛与世界石斛的序列进行比较，发现23/32种石斛的序列模式完全一致。在剩余的9个越南本土石斛品种中，4个品种重新编辑了拉丁名称，分别为:Hoang Thao tram Trang、D15 (Hoang Thao Tam Dao)、D24 (Hoang Thao Vay rong la nho)、D25 (Hoang Thao Vay rong la trung);有5个样本未被确定为相同的种类，包括D11(黄桃仙)、D12(黄桃菊提)、D14(黄桃菊庄)、D19(黄桃菊庄东泥)和D26(黄桃土田莫加)。
{"title":"Identification of Vietnamese native Dendrobium species based on ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequence","authors":"T. D. Duong, K. H. Trung, L. T. Nghia, N. Thuy, Pham Bich Hien, N. T. Khoa, T. Dũng, D. M. Trung, T. Khanh","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2018.7823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2018.7823","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify plant sources of Vietnamese Dendrobium from different regions based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. We constructed an ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence database of 32 Vietnamese native Dendrobium species. Comparison between sequencings of 32 Vietnamese native Dendrobium and Dendrobium species in the world by using ITS sequences, we have determined exactly the same pattern 23/32 of Dendrobium species. In the remaining 9 Vietnamese native Dendrobium varieties, 4 varieties were re-edited Latin names such as Hoang Thao tram Trang, D15 (Hoang Thao Tam Dao), D24 (Hoang Thao Vay rong la nho), and D25 (Hoang Thao Vay rong la trung); 5 samples have not been pinpointed as the same form including D11 (Hoang Thao Xoan), D12 (Hoang Thao Kieu tim), D14 (Hoang Thao Kieu trang), D19 (Hoang Thao Kieu trang Dong Nai), and D26 (Hoang Thao Thuy tien mo ga) species.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72572225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The general purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of night shift work (NSW) on insomnia, anxiety, depression, and fatigue, among nurses working in critical care units. Methodology: Five hundred and twelve critical care nurses were recruited from the Intensive Care Units (ICU), Emergency Rooms (ER) and Operation Rooms (OR) from six major hospitals in Amman, Jordan. Participants singed an informed consent and answered, sociodemographic questionnaire, in addition to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index. Results: Critical care nurses who were working on night shift have higher levels of insomnia, depression, anxiety, and fatigue than nurses working on day shift or temporary night. Furthermore, female and ICU nurses experienced more fatigue than male nurses and nurses from OR and ER respectively. There was a dose-response relationship between the number of night that nurses work in the previous year with their (insomnia, depression, and fatigue levels) Conclusion: Night shift work induced insomnia for nurses working in critical care units which increased their anxiety, depression and fatigue levels. This has negative consequences in their health 138 Mohannad Eid AbuRuz and Haneen M. Abu Hayeah and the care provided to the patients. Health care employers should use alternative methods to help nurses overcome this issue.
目的:本研究的一般目的是调查夜班工作(NSW)对重症监护病房护士失眠、焦虑、抑郁和疲劳的影响。方法:从约旦安曼六家大医院的重症监护病房(ICU)、急诊室(ER)和手术室(OR)招募了512名重症监护护士。参与者签署了一份知情同意书，并回答了社会人口调查问卷，以及医院焦虑和抑郁量表、疲劳严重程度量表和失眠严重程度指数。结果:重症监护夜班护士的失眠、抑郁、焦虑和疲劳水平高于白班或临时夜班护士。女性护士和ICU护士的疲劳程度分别高于男性护士和手术室护士和急诊室护士。结论:夜班工作会导致重症监护室护士的失眠，并增加其焦虑、抑郁和疲劳水平。这对他们的健康(Mohannad Eid AbuRuz和Haneen M. Abu hayeh)以及对病人的护理产生了负面影响。医疗保健雇主应该使用其他方法来帮助护士克服这个问题。
{"title":"Insomnia induced by night shift work is associated with anxiety, depression, and fatigue, among critical care nurses","authors":"M. AbuRuz, Haneen M. Abu Hayeah","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.738","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The general purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of night shift work (NSW) on insomnia, anxiety, depression, and fatigue, among nurses working in critical care units. Methodology: Five hundred and twelve critical care nurses were recruited from the Intensive Care Units (ICU), Emergency Rooms (ER) and Operation Rooms (OR) from six major hospitals in Amman, Jordan. Participants singed an informed consent and answered, sociodemographic questionnaire, in addition to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index. Results: Critical care nurses who were working on night shift have higher levels of insomnia, depression, anxiety, and fatigue than nurses working on day shift or temporary night. Furthermore, female and ICU nurses experienced more fatigue than male nurses and nurses from OR and ER respectively. There was a dose-response relationship between the number of night that nurses work in the previous year with their (insomnia, depression, and fatigue levels) Conclusion: Night shift work induced insomnia for nurses working in critical care units which increased their anxiety, depression and fatigue levels. This has negative consequences in their health 138 Mohannad Eid AbuRuz and Haneen M. Abu Hayeah and the care provided to the patients. Health care employers should use alternative methods to help nurses overcome this issue.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"73 1","pages":"137-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76137053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Total Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs) intake was associated with an increased risk of coronary and cardiovascular diseases and their mortalities. The World Health Organization highlighted the seriousness of TFAs intake and called to ban TFAs from foods or to limit their intake to less than 1% of the total amount of the energy intake. Fast foods are considered to have a high percentage of TFAs. University students spend most of their time outside home which makes them the suitable population to consume these kinds of food. The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess the University of Jordan students' concerns and awareness about TFAs. Four hundred and seventeen students answered a self-reported questionnaire about TFAs from October, 2015-January, 2016. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t test and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results showed that students at the University of Jordan were found to have moderate concern relevant to TFAs (Mean± 64 Hekmat Yousef Al-Akash et al. SD; 20.0 ± 5.1), and moderate awareness relevant to TFAs health risks (Mean± SD; 51.5± 15.2). Awareness was predicted from the faculty of students (health faculties), female gender, living status, and family income, which explained 30% of the variance. In conclusion, it is known that high levels of TFAs are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity, especially in young adults. The results of this study showed that concern and awareness of the students about health risks and dietary sources of TFAs was insufficient to make decisions of healthier food selection.
{"title":"The university of Jordan students' concerns and awareness about trans-fatty acids","authors":"H. Al-Akash, M. AbuRuz, AbdElhakeem Abu Arrah","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.713","url":null,"abstract":"Total Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs) intake was associated with an increased risk of coronary and cardiovascular diseases and their mortalities. The World Health Organization highlighted the seriousness of TFAs intake and called to ban TFAs from foods or to limit their intake to less than 1% of the total amount of the energy intake. Fast foods are considered to have a high percentage of TFAs. University students spend most of their time outside home which makes them the suitable population to consume these kinds of food. The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess the University of Jordan students' concerns and awareness about TFAs. Four hundred and seventeen students answered a self-reported questionnaire about TFAs from October, 2015-January, 2016. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t test and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results showed that students at the University of Jordan were found to have moderate concern relevant to TFAs (Mean± 64 Hekmat Yousef Al-Akash et al. SD; 20.0 ± 5.1), and moderate awareness relevant to TFAs health risks (Mean± SD; 51.5± 15.2). Awareness was predicted from the faculty of students (health faculties), female gender, living status, and family income, which explained 30% of the variance. In conclusion, it is known that high levels of TFAs are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity, especially in young adults. The results of this study showed that concern and awareness of the students about health risks and dietary sources of TFAs was insufficient to make decisions of healthier food selection.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"81 1","pages":"63-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84309117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morphologic changes in cortex and white matter of the cerebral frontal lobes in vascular dementia were studied. The signs of leykoaraiosis in white matter were revealed. Obvious signs of neurodegeneration expressed in loss of neurons, which is considered to be the attribute of aging process and may be one of significant etiologic factors of vascular dementia, had not been identified.
{"title":"Morphologic changes in vascular dementia","authors":"A. Kolomiytsev, A. Bazilevich","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.737","url":null,"abstract":"Morphologic changes in cortex and white matter of the cerebral frontal lobes in vascular dementia were studied. The signs of leykoaraiosis in white matter were revealed. Obvious signs of neurodegeneration expressed in loss of neurons, which is considered to be the attribute of aging process and may be one of significant etiologic factors of vascular dementia, had not been identified.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"21 1","pages":"101-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88865621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ladan Farzampanah, M. Chitsaz, H. Tabandeh, R. Hajihosseini, S. Mansouri
The resistance of bacteria to β-Lactam antibiotics produces many problems in the treatment of bacterial infections. Although Ceftazidime is an extended antibiotic spectrum, it becomes inactive against β-Lactamase produced of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study clears how Liposome protects Ceftazidime hydrolysis by β-Lactamase. For preparing Large Unilamellar Vesicles, Phosphatidylcholine and Cholesterol are solved in Ether and then Ceftazidime is added to this mixture, and after affecting this mixture by Sonicator, the uniform suspension is produced and then evaporates under vacuum condition in Rotary Evaporator until the thin layer is remained around the basin. It is used from dialysis method for isolating this drug which is entered in Liposome of outside drug and these Large Unilamellar Vesicles are seen by the lighting microscope. This bacterium is standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). 106 Ladan Farzampanah et al. Ceftazidime Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for standard Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 2μg/ml that shows high resistance of bacteria to Ceftazidime, but liposomal Ceftazidime MIC decreases to 0/5μg/ml. All the tests were done for 3 times and every time the result approved the right effect of the before result. Furthermore the deduction of growing bacteria in existence of liposomal Ceftazidime was observed in its natural curve. This study shows the positive effects of these entered β-Lactam antibiotics inside Liposomes in vitro condition. Attending resistance of these bacteria that produce β-Lactamase, this method can be used for better treatment in the future.
{"title":"Preparation and investigation of in vitro effect of liposomal ceftazidime on the resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Ladan Farzampanah, M. Chitsaz, H. Tabandeh, R. Hajihosseini, S. Mansouri","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.6723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.6723","url":null,"abstract":"The resistance of bacteria to β-Lactam antibiotics produces many problems in the treatment of bacterial infections. Although Ceftazidime is an extended antibiotic spectrum, it becomes inactive against β-Lactamase produced of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study clears how Liposome protects Ceftazidime hydrolysis by β-Lactamase. For preparing Large Unilamellar Vesicles, Phosphatidylcholine and Cholesterol are solved in Ether and then Ceftazidime is added to this mixture, and after affecting this mixture by Sonicator, the uniform suspension is produced and then evaporates under vacuum condition in Rotary Evaporator until the thin layer is remained around the basin. It is used from dialysis method for isolating this drug which is entered in Liposome of outside drug and these Large Unilamellar Vesicles are seen by the lighting microscope. This bacterium is standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). 106 Ladan Farzampanah et al. Ceftazidime Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for standard Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 2μg/ml that shows high resistance of bacteria to Ceftazidime, but liposomal Ceftazidime MIC decreases to 0/5μg/ml. All the tests were done for 3 times and every time the result approved the right effect of the before result. Furthermore the deduction of growing bacteria in existence of liposomal Ceftazidime was observed in its natural curve. This study shows the positive effects of these entered β-Lactam antibiotics inside Liposomes in vitro condition. Attending resistance of these bacteria that produce β-Lactamase, this method can be used for better treatment in the future.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"105-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84223444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Habib, Zouidi Mohamed, Hachem Kadda, G. Raphael, Théoneste Hagenimana
In Algeria, the soil degradation, more particularly the one related to the biological properties in the surface layers, is a major problem to the ecological balance and the development of forest massive. This phenomenon is considered to be the most important factor limiting the growth and productivity of forest plants in arid and semi-arid zones that can go as far as to almost sterilization of these soils. In this research, it is proposed to undertake the study on catabolic profiles of cultivable microbial communities of forest soils in western Algeria along a latitudinal gradient in some sampled surface horizons of the three zones, namely Tlemcen, Saida and Naama. Like most of soils in semiarid and arid zones, they are soils with low content in organic matter and in clay, and most often the sandy to the sand-like texture. 158 Borsali Amine Habib et al. The analysis of the catabolic profiles was carried out in five study plots of about 400 m each selected in each study area, making a total of fifteen plots for the three zones (Tlemcen, Saida and Naama). On each plot, five samples of soil were taken randomly between 0 and 15 cm of depth. Catabolic profiles were determined following the modified protocol of Garland and Mills (1991). The present research study show that it is in the Tlemcen zone, considered as subhumid, that a greater diversity and catabolic wealth were found; and more down towards the arid zone, more that wealth and diversity decrease to a critical level for the Naama zone. The results showed that there is a significant effect of the bioclimatic stage on the soil biological wealth and diversity.
{"title":"Catabolic profiles of cultivable microbial communities in forest soils of western Algeria along a latitudinal gradient","authors":"B. Habib, Zouidi Mohamed, Hachem Kadda, G. Raphael, Théoneste Hagenimana","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.749","url":null,"abstract":"In Algeria, the soil degradation, more particularly the one related to the biological properties in the surface layers, is a major problem to the ecological balance and the development of forest massive. This phenomenon is considered to be the most important factor limiting the growth and productivity of forest plants in arid and semi-arid zones that can go as far as to almost sterilization of these soils. In this research, it is proposed to undertake the study on catabolic profiles of cultivable microbial communities of forest soils in western Algeria along a latitudinal gradient in some sampled surface horizons of the three zones, namely Tlemcen, Saida and Naama. Like most of soils in semiarid and arid zones, they are soils with low content in organic matter and in clay, and most often the sandy to the sand-like texture. 158 Borsali Amine Habib et al. The analysis of the catabolic profiles was carried out in five study plots of about 400 m each selected in each study area, making a total of fifteen plots for the three zones (Tlemcen, Saida and Naama). On each plot, five samples of soil were taken randomly between 0 and 15 cm of depth. Catabolic profiles were determined following the modified protocol of Garland and Mills (1991). The present research study show that it is in the Tlemcen zone, considered as subhumid, that a greater diversity and catabolic wealth were found; and more down towards the arid zone, more that wealth and diversity decrease to a critical level for the Naama zone. The results showed that there is a significant effect of the bioclimatic stage on the soil biological wealth and diversity.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"157-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81410910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rhizobia as useful soil bacteria can coexist with legume and fix nitrogen. Nanoparticles (NPs) are now widely used in various branches of science and silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are the most widely used in this area. These particles finally enter in aquatic and terrestrial environments and probably have harmful effects on living organisms and environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silver and ZnO NPs on Sinorhizobium meliloti and alfalfa symbiosis. S. meliloti bacteria were isolated from the alfalfa root nodules. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of NPs were determined by agar dilution method. The effects of NPs on nodulation were studied by plant infection test in Jensen-nitrogen free agar medium. The gene expression of nitrogen fixation (nif gene) was evaluated in the presence of NPs by Real Time PCR. It was found that in the presence of NPs, the total length of treated plants and the number of nodules were decreased by increasing the concentration of NPs (1.25 to 10 μg/ml of AgNPs and 12.5 to 100 mg/ml of ZnO NPs) compared to the control plants (p ≤ 0.05). nif gene expression was decreased in the presence of sub MIC concentration of NPs.
{"title":"Impact of ZnO and silver nanoparticles on legume-Sinorhizobium symbiosis","authors":"M. N. Moghaddam, A. H. Sabzevar, Zahra Mortazaei","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.712","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizobia as useful soil bacteria can coexist with legume and fix nitrogen. Nanoparticles (NPs) are now widely used in various branches of science and silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are the most widely used in this area. These particles finally enter in aquatic and terrestrial environments and probably have harmful effects on living organisms and environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silver and ZnO NPs on Sinorhizobium meliloti and alfalfa symbiosis. S. meliloti bacteria were isolated from the alfalfa root nodules. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of NPs were determined by agar dilution method. The effects of NPs on nodulation were studied by plant infection test in Jensen-nitrogen free agar medium. The gene expression of nitrogen fixation (nif gene) was evaluated in the presence of NPs by Real Time PCR. It was found that in the presence of NPs, the total length of treated plants and the number of nodules were decreased by increasing the concentration of NPs (1.25 to 10 μg/ml of AgNPs and 12.5 to 100 mg/ml of ZnO NPs) compared to the control plants (p ≤ 0.05). nif gene expression was decreased in the presence of sub MIC concentration of NPs.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"56 1","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77473791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of BDNF val66met polymorphism in mood disorders","authors":"Julia Ezzati, A. Tayyebi, H. Ahadi, M. Houshmand","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.61142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.61142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"371 1","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77800426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to facilitate the process of computational detection and analysis of tandem repeats in large DNA samples, a desktop application in C# was developed. This application works both with randomly provided content and real samples retrieved from the European Nucleotide Archive. In spite of tandem’s structure, details regarding the total number of tracked tandems, their range within the sample, the structure of the pattern sequence and the running time of the application are also printed, what underlines its comprehensiveness.
{"title":"C# desktop application with connection to the European Nucleotide Archive for fast identification of tandem repeats","authors":"Done Stojanov","doi":"10.12988/ASB.2017.7926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASB.2017.7926","url":null,"abstract":"In order to facilitate the process of computational detection and analysis of tandem repeats in large DNA samples, a desktop application in C# was developed. This application works both with randomly provided content and real samples retrieved from the European Nucleotide Archive. In spite of tandem’s structure, details regarding the total number of tracked tandems, their range within the sample, the structure of the pattern sequence and the running time of the application are also printed, what underlines its comprehensiveness.","PeriodicalId":7194,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Biology","volume":"32 1","pages":"217-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84020009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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