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Reevaluating elevated HDL cholesterol levels in healthy older persons as a risk factor for various disease states. 重新评估健康老年人高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高作为各种疾病风险因素的情况。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01
Ren-Xin Ji, Zhou-Ying Duan

This article reviews the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the elderly population, questioning the established view that advocates the ubiquitous health benefits of HDL cholesterol. High levels of HDL-C have been found to be associated with an increased risk of debilitating fractures, dementia, and cardiovascular disease, predominantly affecting older men, through the use of large population-based studies such as the ASPREE trial and the UK Biobank. Possible mechanisms are closely linked to cholesterol crystallization and altered HDL particle function. These findings call for a refinement of the understanding of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), which implies adjustments to clinical guidelines and risk assessment strategies in older populations.

本文回顾了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)在老年人群中的作用,对鼓吹高密度脂蛋白胆固醇无处不在的健康益处的既定观点提出了质疑。通过使用大型人群研究(如 ASPREE 试验和英国生物库)发现,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与骨折、痴呆症和心血管疾病的风险增加有关,这些疾病主要影响老年男性。可能的机制与胆固醇结晶和高密度脂蛋白颗粒功能的改变密切相关。这些发现要求完善对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的认识,这意味着要调整老年人群的临床指南和风险评估策略。
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引用次数: 0
cfDNA from maternal plasma for noninvasive screening of fetal exomes. 利用母体血浆中的 cfDNA 对胎儿外显子进行无创筛查。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01
Longwei Qiao

In recent years, a shift in prenatal screening methods has been observed, moving away from traditional approaches such as ultrasound and maternal serologic markers towards the utilization of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) based on cfDNA extracted from peripheral blood. This cutting-edge technology has established itself as the primary screening method, attributed to its superior detection rate and reduced false-positive rate. Although NIPT predominantly focuses on screening for chromosomal abnormalities, it currently does not encompass the identification of single-gene disorders. Considering that single-gene disorders contribute significantly to birth defects, accounting for 7.5% to 12% of cases, it becomes imperative to integrate screening for single-gene disorders into the birth defect prevention and control system. This study aims to provide a succinct overview of the recent advancements in NIPT specifically tailored for monogenic disorders.

近年来,产前筛查方法发生了转变,从超声波和母体血清学标记等传统方法转向使用基于外周血中提取的 cfDNA 的无创产前检测(NIPT)。这项尖端技术因其卓越的检测率和较低的假阳性率,已成为主要的筛查方法。虽然 NIPT 主要侧重于筛查染色体异常,但目前还不包括单基因疾病的鉴定。考虑到单基因遗传病在出生缺陷中的比例高达 7.5% 至 12%,将单基因遗传病筛查纳入出生缺陷防控体系势在必行。本研究旨在简明扼要地概述专门针对单基因疾病的 NIPT 的最新进展。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. 肺康复对慢性阻塞性肺病全身炎症的影响:一项荟萃分析。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01
Xiaotian Alex Yue, Yilan Sheng, Jianhua Li

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by both lung-related and systemic symptoms, notably chronic inflammation. Despite pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) being a critical treatment for COPD, its influence on systemic inflammation remains unclear. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess PR's effect on circulating inflammatory markers in COPD patients. We systematically reviewed databases like PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science to select randomized controlled trials and observational studies that investigated the impact of PR on systemic inflammation. We calculated the mean differences (MD) in inflammatory markers before and after PR using a random-effects model and assessed the risk of bias with established tools. Our study included six investigations (four RCTs, two observational) with 147 COPD patients. Our findings show notable increases in IL-6 (MD 0.44, 95% CI 0.17-0.70, P = 0.001), CRP (MD 0.56, 95% CI 0.31-0.81, P<0.00001), and TNF-alpha (MD 0.41, 95% CI 0.12-0.70, P = 0.005) following PR. However, sensitivity analysis pinpointed the study by El-Kader et al. as a key influence on these results. Excluding this study led to nonsignificant changes. Thus, our meta-analysis uncovers an unanticipated rise in inflammatory markers post-PR in COPD patients, questioning the assumed anti-inflammatory benefits of PR.

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)既有肺部相关症状,也有全身症状,尤其是慢性炎症。尽管肺康复(PR)是慢性阻塞性肺病的一种重要治疗方法,但其对全身炎症的影响仍不明确。本荟萃分析旨在评估肺康复对慢性阻塞性肺病患者循环炎症标志物的影响。我们系统地查阅了 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Web of Science 等数据库,选择了调查 PR 对全身炎症影响的随机对照试验和观察性研究。我们使用随机效应模型计算了 PR 前后炎症指标的平均差异 (MD),并使用既定工具评估了偏倚风险。我们的研究包括六项调查(四项 RCT,两项观察性研究),涉及 147 名慢性阻塞性肺病患者。
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引用次数: 0
Retrospective analysis of laboratory results in 18 cases of severe asthma treated with omalizumab. 对使用奥马珠单抗治疗的 18 例重症哮喘患者的化验结果进行回顾性分析。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01
Wei-Ze Li, Yi-Qin Ge, Xuan-Yue Qu, Yi Liu, Cheng-Jian Lv, Jia Li, Juan Wang, Li Li, Xia Peng

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the laboratory results in severe as asthma patients with omalizumab therapy and provide evidence for estimating omalizumab efficacy.

Methods: Retrospective study of 18 patients with severe asthma received omalizumab therapy in Shanghai General Hospital from 2020 to 2022 was performed. The basic data of patients were collected. The absolute number and the percentage of basophil and eosinophil in peripheral blood, total IgE level in serum, and as pulmonary function were detected at the beginning of treatment and 4 months after treatment. Differences between two groups were analyzed using Paired T test.

Results: The most common allergens collected from patients with moderate to severe asthma were dust mite (positive ratio 55.56%), mixed mold (16.67%), cat and dog dander, and Aspergillus fumigatus (11.11%). There was no significant difference in eosinophil and basophil counts in peripheral blood between the two groups. However, serum total IgE levels increased from (437.55±279.35) KU/L to (1071.42±721.28) KU/L (P=0.004), and FEV1/FVC ratio increased from (65.53±14.15)% to (73.91±13.63)% (P=0.005) after 4 months of treatment.

Conclusions: The existing laboratory indicators for evaluation of omalizumab efficacy are still very limited, and new biomarkers need to be further developed. Elevated serum IgE levels at four weeks of treatment and FEV1/FVC may be potential indicators for omalizumab monitoring.

研究目的本研究旨在探讨接受奥马珠单抗治疗的重症哮喘患者的实验室结果,为估算奥马珠单抗的疗效提供证据:方法:对2020年至2022年在上海总医院接受奥马珠单抗治疗的18例重症哮喘患者进行回顾性研究。收集了患者的基本数据。在治疗开始时和治疗 4 个月后检测外周血中嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的绝对数量和百分比、血清总 IgE 水平以及肺功能。两组间的差异采用配对 T 检验进行分析:从中重度哮喘患者身上收集到的最常见过敏原是尘螨(阳性率为 55.56%)、混合霉菌(16.67%)、猫和狗的皮屑以及曲霉菌(11.11%)。两组患者外周血中的嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞计数无明显差异。然而,治疗4个月后,血清总IgE水平从(437.55±279.35)KU/L升高至(1071.42±721.28)KU/L(P=0.004),FEV1/FVC比值从(65.53±14.15)%升高至(73.91±13.63)%(P=0.005):现有的评估奥马珠单抗疗效的实验室指标仍然非常有限,需要进一步开发新的生物标志物。治疗四周时血清 IgE 水平升高和 FEV1/FVC 可能是监测奥马珠单抗的潜在指标。
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引用次数: 0
The mediating role of inflammaging between mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia in aging: a review. 炎症在线粒体功能障碍和肌肉疏松症之间的中介作用:综述。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01
Xin Xu, Zixing Wen

Sarcopenia, characterized by the insidious reduction of skeletal muscle mass and strength, detrimentally affects the quality of life in elderly cohorts. Present therapeutic strategies are confined to physiotherapeutic interventions, signaling a critical need for elucidation of the etiological underpinnings to facilitate the development of innovative pharmacotherapies. Recent scientific inquiries have associated mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation with the etiology of sarcopenia. Mitochondria are integral to numerous fundamental cellular processes within muscle tissue, including but not limited to apoptosis, autophagy, signaling via reactive oxygen species, and the maintenance of protein equilibrium. Deviations in mitochondrial dynamics, coupled with compromised oxidative capabilities, autophagic processes, and protein equilibrium, result in disturbances to muscular architecture and functionality. Mitochondrial dysfunction is particularly detrimental as it diminishes oxidative phosphorylation, escalates apoptotic activity, and hinders calcium homeostasis within muscle cells. Additionally, deleterious feedback loops of deteriorated respiration, exacerbated oxidative injury, and diminished quality control mechanisms precipitate the acceleration of muscular senescence. Notably, mitochondria exhibiting deficient energetic metabolism are pivotal in precipitating the shift from normative muscle aging to a pathogenic state. This analytical review meticulously examines the complex interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction, persistent inflammation, and the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. It underscores the imperative to alleviate inflammation and amend mitochondrial anomalies within geriatric populations as a strategy to forestall and manage sarcopenia. An initial overview provides a succinct exposition of sarcopenia and its clinical repercussions. The discourse then progresses to an examination of the direct correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction and the genesis of sarcopenia. Concomitantly, it accentuates potential synergistic effects between inflammatory responses and mitochondrial insufficiencies during the aging of skeletal muscle, thereby casting light upon emergent therapeutic objectives. In culmination, this review distills the prevailing comprehension of the mitochondrial and inflammatory pathways implicated in sarcopenia and delineates extant lacunae in knowledge to orient subsequent scientific inquiry.

骨质疏松症的特点是骨骼肌质量和力量的隐性减少,对老年人群的生活质量造成了不利影响。目前的治疗策略仅限于物理治疗干预,这表明迫切需要阐明病因基础,以促进创新药物疗法的开发。最近的科学研究发现,线粒体功能障碍和炎症与肌肉疏松症的病因有关。线粒体是肌肉组织内许多基本细胞过程的组成部分,包括但不限于细胞凋亡、自噬、通过活性氧发出信号以及维持蛋白质平衡。线粒体动力学的偏差,再加上氧化能力、自噬过程和蛋白质平衡受到损害,会导致肌肉结构和功能紊乱。线粒体功能障碍尤其有害,因为它会降低氧化磷酸化,加剧细胞凋亡活动,并阻碍肌肉细胞内的钙平衡。此外,呼吸恶化、氧化损伤加剧和质量控制机制减弱等有害的反馈回路会加速肌肉衰老。值得注意的是,线粒体表现出的能量代谢缺陷是促使肌肉从正常衰老状态转变为致病状态的关键因素。这篇分析性综述细致研究了线粒体功能障碍、持续炎症和肌肉疏松症发病机制之间复杂的相互作用。它强调了在老年群体中缓解炎症和修正线粒体异常作为预防和控制肌肉疏松症策略的必要性。文章首先概述了肌肉疏松症及其临床影响。接着,文章探讨了线粒体功能障碍与肌肉疏松症发生之间的直接关系。同时,它还强调了骨骼肌衰老过程中炎症反应和线粒体功能不足之间潜在的协同效应,从而阐明了新出现的治疗目标。最后,这篇综述提炼了目前对与肌肉疏松症有关的线粒体和炎症途径的理解,并勾勒出现存的知识空白,为后续的科学探索指明了方向。
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引用次数: 0
Bibliometric analysis of the inflammatory mechanisms in knee osteoarthritis in recent 30 years. 近30年来膝关节骨关节炎炎症机制的文献计量分析。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01
Yiyi Chen, Bo Yu, Fei He, Wenjiang Sun, Yuting Song

This study aimed to improve Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) therapy by evaluating the knowledge framework and investigating research trends in inflammatory mechanisms. Conducting a thorough search on July 31, 2023, using the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection, we identified 1,083 articles authored by 6,159 individuals from 3,610 institutions across 299 countries. China led in productivity with 377 papers, followed by the United States (253) and Japan (60). The University of California System (20 publications), Guangzhou University of Science and Technology (19), Duke University (18), and Shanghai Jiao Tong University (18) were the top institutions. Notably, the USA and Southern Medical University China held significant centrality in countries and institutions, respectively. Among 1,084 co-occurring keywords, "expression", "rheumatoid arthritis", "articular cartilage", "F kappa b", and "Synovial fluid" emerged as highly correlated topics. Analyzing inflammatory mechanisms in KOA through visualization tools offers insights into the knowledge framework, aiding in identifying future trends for better pain control. The study employed CiteSpace, VOS Viewer, and Tableau to analyze research hotspots and frontiers in inflammation mechanisms in KOA. It focused on essential signaling pathways in articular cartilage, synovial membrane, subchondral bone, and synovial fluids of OA patients and animal models, along with potential therapeutic reagents. Future exploration of the interaction between mechanisms can elucidate key factors in different pathways and the efficacy of injection therapy on inflammation.

本研究旨在通过评估知识框架和调查炎症机制的研究趋势来改进膝骨关节炎(KOA)的治疗。2023 年 7 月 31 日,我们使用科学网核心数据库的科学引文索引扩展版进行了全面检索,共发现了 299 个国家 3,610 个机构的 6,159 位学者撰写的 1,083 篇文章。中国以 377 篇论文居首,其次是美国(253 篇)和日本(60 篇)。发表论文最多的机构是加州大学系统(20 篇)、广州科技大学(19 篇)、杜克大学(18 篇)和上海交通大学(18 篇)。值得注意的是,美国和中国南方医科大学分别在国家和机构中占据重要位置。在 1084 个共同出现的关键词中,"表达"、"类风湿性关节炎"、"关节软骨"、"F kappa b "和 "滑膜液 "成为高度相关的主题。通过可视化工具分析 KOA 中的炎症机制,可以深入了解知识框架,有助于确定未来趋势,从而更好地控制疼痛。该研究利用 CiteSpace、VOS Viewer 和 Tableau 分析了 KOA 中炎症机制的研究热点和前沿。研究重点关注 OA 患者和动物模型的关节软骨、滑膜、软骨下骨和滑液中的重要信号通路,以及潜在的治疗试剂。未来对各种机制之间相互作用的探索可以阐明不同途径中的关键因素以及注射疗法对炎症的疗效。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of high and low dose extracorporeal shockwave therapy on immune activation and immunosuppressive markers in elderly patients with osteoarthritis: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 高剂量和低剂量体外冲击波疗法对老年骨关节炎患者免疫激活和免疫抑制标志物的影响:随机对照试验的研究方案。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01
Yilan Sheng, Haiyin Yuan, Lihua Chen, Bo Yu

Objective: This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of high versus low dose extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on immune system activation and regulation in elderly patients with osteoarthritis.

Methods: 120 patients aged 65 years and older with knee osteoarthritis will be randomly allocated to receive either high dose (0.25 mJ/mm2) or low dose (0.10 mJ/mm2) ESWT administered weekly for 4 weeks. Serum cytokines, stimulated immune cell subsets, and T regulatory cells will be measured at baseline, 4 weeks after intervention and at 1-month follow-up.

Results: High dose ESWT will increase pro-inflammatory cytokines and decrease immunosuppressive T regulatory cells compared to low dose ESWT in elderly osteoarthritis patients may be the outcome mainly.

Conclusion: This study will provide evidence on ESWT dosing protocols and their differential immunomodulatory effects, which can guide optimal use for musculoskeletal conditions in geriatric populations.

目的:本随机对照试验旨在比较高剂量和低剂量体外冲击波疗法(ESWT)对老年骨关节炎患者免疫系统激活和调节的影响:本随机对照试验旨在比较高剂量和低剂量体外冲击波疗法(ESWT)对老年骨关节炎患者免疫系统激活和调节的影响。方法:120 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的膝关节骨关节炎患者将被随机分配接受高剂量(0.25 mJ/mm2)或低剂量(0.10 mJ/mm2)ESWT,每周治疗 4 周。血清细胞因子、受刺激的免疫细胞亚群和T调节细胞将在基线、干预4周后和1个月随访时进行测定:结果:与低剂量 ESWT 相比,高剂量 ESWT 会增加老年骨关节炎患者的促炎细胞因子,减少免疫抑制性 T 调节细胞:本研究将为 ESWT 剂量方案及其不同的免疫调节效果提供证据,从而指导老年肌肉骨骼疾病的最佳治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of the inhibitory and stimulatory effects of Core and NS3 candidate HCV vaccines on the cellular immune response. 比较核心和 NS3 候选 HCV 疫苗对细胞免疫反应的抑制和刺激作用。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01
Kiandokht Borhani, Taravat Bamdad, Ava Hashempour, Amir Salek Farrokhi, Javad Moayedi

Currently, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects nearly 3% of the global population, the majority of whom are chronically infected; however, hepatitis C vaccines are still in the developmental stage. Numerous studies suggest that the spontaneous resolution of HCV infection and the design of its vaccine are reliant on vital contributions from CTL cell responses and T regulatory cells. Multiple researchers have identified both Core and nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) proteins as crucial immune genes and potential candidates for HCV DNA vaccine design. In this study, Core and NS3 were subcloned and inserted into pcDNA3.1 to construct HCV DNA vaccines administered in mouse models. Furthermore, the effects of Core and NS3 on the induction of CTL and NK were compared in spleen mouse models using the LDH method. Additionally, flow cytometry was employed to investigate the percentage of T regulatory cells (Treg cells) and cells expressing PD-1 in the spleens of the mouse models. Our data indicated that pcDNA3.1+NS3 and pcDNA3.1+Core could enhance CTL and NK activity in mouse models. Importantly, the Treg and PD-1 analysis in mouse models revealed a substantial reduction in the proportions of CD4+/CD25+/Foxp3+ T cells and PD-1+ cells in experimental subjects treated with HCV NS3 along with 5 mg/kg of lenalidomide, utilized as a novel adjuvant, compared to those administered an equivalent dosage of lenalidomide in conjunction with HCV Core. In conclusion, our observations indicated that the NS3-HCV gene had a limited impact on the activation of inhibitory factors. Therefore, NS3 is considered a more suitable candidate for DNA vaccine design compared to Core HCV.

目前,丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染了全球近 3% 的人口,其中大多数是慢性感染者;然而,丙型肝炎疫苗仍处于开发阶段。大量研究表明,HCV 感染的自发缓解及其疫苗的设计依赖于 CTL 细胞反应和 T 调节细胞的重要贡献。许多研究人员发现,核心蛋白和非结构蛋白 3 (NS3) 蛋白是关键的免疫基因,也是设计 HCV DNA 疫苗的潜在候选基因。在本研究中,Core 和 NS3 被亚克隆并插入 pcDNA3.1 中,用于构建小鼠模型中的 HCV DNA 疫苗。此外,还使用 LDH 方法比较了 Core 和 NS3 在脾脏小鼠模型中诱导 CTL 和 NK 的效果。此外,我们还采用流式细胞术研究了小鼠模型脾脏中T调节细胞(Treg细胞)和表达PD-1细胞的百分比。我们的数据表明,pcDNA3.1+NS3 和 pcDNA3.1+Core 能增强小鼠模型中 CTL 和 NK 的活性。重要的是,在小鼠模型中进行的Treg和PD-1分析表明,在使用HCV NS3和5毫克/千克来那度胺治疗的实验对象中,CD4+/CD25+/Foxp3+ T细胞和PD-1+细胞的比例大大降低。总之,我们的观察结果表明,NS3-HCV 基因对抑制因子的激活影响有限。因此,与核心 HCV 相比,NS3 被认为是更适合设计 DNA 疫苗的候选基因。
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引用次数: 0
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children with Griscelli syndrome type 2: genetics, laboratory findings and treatment. 格里斯切利综合征2型患儿的嗜血细胞淋巴组织细胞增多症:遗传学、实验室发现和治疗。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01
Ezgi Cay, Ahmet Sezer, Veysel Karakulak, Mahir Serbes, Dilek Ozcan, Atil Bisgin, Utku Aygunes, H Ilgen Sasmaz, Sevinc P Yucel, Tugba Toyran, Derya U Altintas

Griscelli syndrome is a rare inherited autosomal recessive syndrome that causes immunodeficiency. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which is characterized by a high mortality rate, may develop because of Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2). We aimed to share our experience with the diagnosis and treatment methods of patients who developed HLH secondary to GS2. Patients with GS2 who were diagnosed and treated for HLH between 2017 and 2022 at the Cukurova University Division of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology and Division of Pediatric Hematology were included in the study. Microscopic examination of the hair shaft and next-generation sequencing for molecular genetic testing of RAB27A helped in the diagnosis of GS2. The first clinical presentation of 8 patients was HLH. One patient presented with CNS involvement and two patients presented with recurrent fever. Over 5 years, GS2 was diagnosed in 15 patients, of whom 11 (73.3%) developed HLH. The HLH-2004 protocol was used to treat these patients. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed in five patients who were matched with suitable donors. While all patients who underwent HSCT were alive, three patients who could not undergo HSCT because no donor could be found died. Deletion of CAAGC at nucleotides 514_518 in GS2 patients is associated with CNS involvement and a poor prognosis. HLH may be the first sign of presentation in patients with GS2. Although further research is needed, regardless of the conditioning regimen utilized, early HSCT remains the primary therapy option for preventing GS2-induced mortality in HLH.

格里斯切利综合征是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传综合征,会导致免疫缺陷。嗜血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症(HLH)的特点是死亡率高,它可能因格里什利综合征 2 型(GS2)而发病。我们的目的是分享我们对因 GS2 而继发 HLH 的患者的诊断和治疗方法的经验。研究纳入了2017年至2022年期间在库库罗瓦大学儿科过敏与免疫学部和儿科血液学部接受诊断和治疗的GS2型HLH患者。毛干显微镜检查和用于 RAB27A 分子遗传检测的新一代测序有助于 GS2 的诊断。8 名患者的首次临床表现为 HLH。一名患者出现中枢神经系统受累,两名患者出现反复发热。5 年间,15 名患者被确诊为 GS2,其中 11 人(73.3%)发展为 HLH。这些患者均采用 HLH-2004 方案进行治疗。为五名匹配到合适供体的患者进行了造血干细胞移植(HSCT)。接受造血干细胞移植的所有患者均存活,但有三名患者因找不到捐献者而无法接受造血干细胞移植,最终死亡。GS2患者核苷酸514_518的CAAGC缺失与中枢神经系统受累和预后不良有关。HLH可能是GS2患者的首发症状。尽管还需要进一步的研究,但无论采用哪种治疗方案,早期造血干细胞移植仍是预防GS2引起的HLH死亡的主要治疗方案。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical approach for specific populations at single-cell resolution: insights for ND-42 mediated mitochondrial derivative function during spermatid elongation. 分析方法的特定群体在单细胞分辨率:见解ND-42介导的线粒体衍生功能在精子延伸。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01
Jiajia Xue, Jinxing Lv
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引用次数: 0
期刊
American journal of clinical and experimental immunology
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