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Protective immunity rate against monkeypox: expectation for present and future in case that there is no smallpox vaccine booster. 猴痘保护性免疫率:在没有天花疫苗加强剂的情况下对现在和未来的预期。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01
Pathum Sookaromdee, Viroj Wiwanitkit

Objectives: Monkeypox is now regarded as a major global public health concern. A common symptom of this disease is an acute febrile illness with skin sores. The likelihood of the virus spreading from person to person is increasing. The aim of the present study is to estimate the protective immunity rate against monkeypox.

Methods: Based on the current situation in Africa, the authors forecast the protective immunity rate against monkeypox for the present and future if a smallpox vaccination booster is not available. The clinical mathematical model was used. The primary data for analysis include data on the current serological rate against smallpox and data on the declining rate of smallpox immunity after the last vaccination.

Results: According to the current clinical modeling study, protective immunity to monkeypox is limited. The rate among people who have previously been immunized against smallpox is still higher than the general population rate. If the present monkeypox outbreak (2022) is not successfully controlled, there could be a severe public health danger, such as a pandemic. On a larger scale, in a few years, no immunity will be a concern.

Conclusions: To suppress the current monkeypox outbreak, it may be necessary to research the use of a novel monkeypox immunization or a traditional smallpox vaccine.

目的:猴痘现在被视为一个主要的全球公共卫生问题。本病的常见症状是伴有皮肤溃疡的急性发热性疾病。病毒在人与人之间传播的可能性正在增加。本研究的目的是估计对猴痘的保护性免疫率。方法:根据非洲目前的情况,作者预测了在没有天花疫苗增强剂的情况下对猴痘的保护性免疫率。采用临床数学模型。用于分析的主要数据包括目前的天花血清学接种率数据和上次接种后天花免疫接种率下降的数据。结果:根据目前的临床模型研究,猴痘的保护性免疫是有限的。以前接种过天花疫苗的人的感染率仍然高于一般人群的感染率。如果目前的猴痘暴发(2022年)得不到成功控制,可能会出现严重的公共卫生危险,如大流行。在更大的范围内,几年后,人们将不再担心免疫问题。结论:为抑制当前猴痘疫情,可能有必要研究使用新型猴痘免疫或传统天花疫苗。
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引用次数: 0
Human recombinant soluble PD1 can interference in T cells and Treg cells function in response to MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line. 人重组可溶性PD1可干扰T细胞和Treg细胞对MDA-MB-231癌细胞的功能。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01
Samaneh Mohammadzadeh, Alireza Andalib, Hossein Khanahmad, Nafiseh Esmaeil

Objectives: PD1/PDL1 pathway targeting using antibodies shows immune related adverse events in patients with tumors. The masking of PD1 ligand by soluble human PD-1 (shPD-1) probably inhibits the PD1/PDL1 interaction between T cells and tumor cells. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to produce human recombinant PD-1-secreting cells and find out how soluble human PD-1 affects T lymphocyte function.

Methods: An inducible construct of the human PD-1 secreting gene under hypoxia condition was synthesized. The construct was transfected into the MDA-MB-231 cell line. In six groups exhausted T lymphocytes were co-cultured with transfected or non-transfected MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The effect of shPD-1 on IFNγ production, Treg cell's function, CD107a expression, apoptosis, and proliferation was assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively.

Results: The results of this study showed that shPD-1 inhibits PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and enhances T lymphocyte responses through a significant increase in IFNγ production and CD107a expression. In addition, in the presence of shPD-1, the percentage of Treg cells decreased, while MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis increased.

Conclusions: We concluded that the human PD-1 secreting construct induced under hypoxia condition inhibits the interaction of PD-1/PD-L1 and enhances T lymphocyte responses in tumor environments and chronic infections.

目的:利用抗体靶向PD1/PDL1通路显示肿瘤患者免疫相关不良事件。可溶性人PD-1 (shPD-1)对PD1配体的掩蔽可能抑制了T细胞与肿瘤细胞之间PD1/PDL1的相互作用。因此,本研究的目标是制备重组人PD-1分泌细胞,并了解可溶性人PD-1如何影响T淋巴细胞功能。方法:在缺氧条件下合成人PD-1分泌基因的诱导构建体。将构建体转染到MDA-MB-231细胞系中。在六组中,耗尽的T淋巴细胞与转染或未转染的MDA-MB-231细胞系共培养。分别用ELISA和流式细胞术检测shPD-1对IFNγ产生、Treg细胞功能、CD107a表达、凋亡和增殖的影响。结果:本研究结果表明,shPD-1通过显著增加IFNγ产生和CD107a表达,抑制PD-1/PD-L1相互作用,增强T淋巴细胞应答。此外,在shPD-1存在的情况下,Treg细胞百分比下降,MDA-MB-231细胞凋亡增加。结论:缺氧条件下诱导的人PD-1分泌结构抑制PD-1/PD-L1的相互作用,增强T淋巴细胞在肿瘤环境和慢性感染中的应答。
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引用次数: 0
Smallpox vaccination discontinuation and monkeypox incidence in an African endemic region: a reanalysis on the relationship between the withdrawal of smallpox vaccine and subsequent morbidity. 非洲某流行区停止接种天花疫苗与猴痘发病率:对停止接种天花疫苗与随后发病率关系的再分析
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01
Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, Viroj Wiwanitkit

Background: Monkey pox has expanded across Europe as a result of the widespread outbreak, creating a severe public health risk. Monkey pox is an uncommon pox infection that has reappeared due to zoonosis. Monkey pox has spread over Europe and North America, posing a serious public health risk. The regular smallpox vaccine has been shown to be effective against monkeypox. The suspension of smallpox immunization is currently being debated due to the possibility of a connection with the current monkeypox outbreak. In clinical immunology, the link between a desire for smallpox vaccination, low population immunity, and a higher incidence of monkeypox is an intriguing topic.

Methods: This is a descriptive analysis done in the past. The writers investigate the situation in West Africa in this research. The available data on monkeypox incidence in an African endemic area was reassessed.

Results: Based on a recent analysis of epidemiological data from an endemic area, there is no indication of a yearly ongoing increase in monkeypox incidence following the discontinuation of the smallpox vaccine, and incidence varies.

Conclusion: There is no evidence of an annual increase in monkeypox incidence following the withdrawal of smallpox immunization.

背景:由于猴痘大范围暴发,它已在整个欧洲蔓延,造成严重的公共卫生风险。猴痘是一种罕见的因人畜共患病而重新出现的痘感染。猴痘已蔓延到欧洲和北美,构成严重的公共卫生风险。常规天花疫苗已被证明对猴痘有效。目前正在讨论暂停天花免疫接种的问题,因为这可能与当前猴痘疫情有关。在临床免疫学中,希望接种天花疫苗、人群免疫力低下和猴痘发病率较高之间的联系是一个有趣的话题。方法:这是过去所做的描述性分析。作者在这项研究中调查了西非的情况。重新评估了一个非洲流行区猴痘发病率的现有数据。结果:根据最近对一个流行区流行病学数据的分析,没有迹象表明在停止接种天花疫苗后猴痘发病率每年持续增加,而且发病率各不相同。结论:没有证据表明在取消天花免疫接种后猴痘发病率每年增加。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of 41-kDa bacterial flagellin protein by the lymphocyte transformation test-memory lymphocyte immunostimulation assay. 淋巴细胞转化试验-记忆淋巴细胞免疫刺激法检测41-kDa细菌鞭毛蛋白。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01
Basant K Puri, Jean A Monro

Background/objectives: Diagnosis of human infection by various species of the bacterial genus Borrelia is mainly reliant on serological testing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or culture but such serological tests have been reported to have heterogeneous sensitivities, while Borrelia PCR and culture have been reported as being of modest diagnostic value. It has been suggested that the adjunctive use of the lymphocyte transformation test-memory lymphocyte immunostimulation assay (LTT-MELISA) may be helpful in this regard; however, the clinical usefulness of this assay has been questioned. The Borrelia immunodominant 41-kDa flagellin protein almost always gives rise to a marked human antibody response following infection. It was therefore decided to determine whether the LTT-MELISA detects the human antibody response to this antigen.

Methods: Blood samples from consecutive patients with possible borreliosis attending a clinic were independently tested by both Western blots and LTT-MELISA.

Results: After omitting cases with indeterminate Western blot results and equivocal LTT-MELISA results, multiple linear regression modelling demonstrated that the 41-kDa flagellin immunoglobulin (Ig) M level was predictable from two LTT-MELISA variables (F 2,51 = 5.981, P = 0.005). Similarly, the corresponding 41-kDa IgG model also contained two LTT-MELISA variables (F 2,57 = 3.700, P = 0.031).

Conclusion: It is concluded that the LTT-MELISA appears to be able to detect the response to this antigen.

背景/目的:人类感染伯氏疏螺旋体的诊断主要依赖于血清学检测、聚合酶链反应(PCR)或培养,但据报道,这种血清学检测具有不同的敏感性,而伯氏疏螺旋体PCR和培养的诊断价值一般。有人建议,辅助使用淋巴细胞转化测试-记忆淋巴细胞免疫刺激试验(LTT-MELISA)可能在这方面有所帮助;然而,这种检测方法的临床有效性一直受到质疑。伯氏疏螺旋体免疫优势41-kDa鞭毛蛋白几乎总是在感染后引起显著的人抗体反应。因此,决定确定LTT-MELISA是否检测到人对该抗原的抗体反应。方法:使用Western blots和LTT-MELISA分别对连续就诊的疑似螺旋体病患者的血液样本进行独立检测。结果:在剔除Western blot结果不确定和LTT-MELISA结果不明确的病例后,多元线性回归模型显示,41-kDa鞭毛蛋白免疫球蛋白(Ig) M水平可通过两个LTT-MELISA变量预测(f2,51 = 5.981, P = 0.005)。同样,对应的41-kDa IgG模型也包含两个LTT-MELISA变量(f2,57 = 3.700, P = 0.031)。结论:LTT-MELISA似乎能够检测到对该抗原的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Immunological features of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 in children. 儿童SARS-CoV-2相关多系统炎症综合征的免疫学特征
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01
Snezhina Lazova, Dilyana Gerenska, Yoanna Slabakova, Tsvetelina Velikova

A particular group of children developed severe multisystem inflammation associated with current or recent SARS-CoV-2 infection or contact with a COVID-19 patient in the previous few weeks. The condition was defined as multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in children (MIS-C). As the definition of CDC and WHO is fast widely accepted, the lack of an international consensus on the definition of the syndrome cases, however, leads to some difficulties for clinicians. Additionally, MIS-C shares some immunological, pathological features with the conditions, such as cytokine storm, long COVID and/or post-COVID syndrome. The picture is further complicated by the existence of the syndrome in adults (MIS-A). Therefore, we have compared these conditions from the immunological point of view in our review based on the published case reports, studies, systematic reviews and metaanalyses. This knowledge is essential not only for immunologists. The paediatricians must be familiar with the immunological bases of the syndrome and implement it in on-time recognition and diagnosis and minimize systemic damage of this life-threatening condition at the earliest stage possible. Further investigations still need to be done to find and develop the best effective therapy and prophylactics.

一组特定的儿童出现了严重的多系统炎症,与当前或最近的SARS-CoV-2感染或在过去几周内与COVID-19患者接触有关。定义为儿童多系统炎症综合征(MIS) (MIS- c)。随着疾病预防控制中心和世界卫生组织的定义被迅速广泛接受,对综合征病例的定义缺乏国际共识,给临床医生带来了一些困难。此外,MIS-C与细胞因子风暴、长COVID和/或后COVID综合征等疾病具有一些免疫学和病理学特征。成人综合症(MIS-A)的存在使情况进一步复杂化。因此,我们基于已发表的病例报告、研究、系统综述和荟萃分析,从免疫学角度对这些情况进行了比较。这些知识不仅对免疫学家至关重要。儿科医生必须熟悉该综合征的免疫学基础,并在及时识别和诊断中加以实施,并在尽可能早的阶段将这种危及生命的疾病的全身损害降到最低。仍然需要进行进一步的调查,以发现和开发最有效的治疗和预防措施。
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引用次数: 0
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 is upregulated in rheumatoid arthritis, but insufficient in controlling inflammation. t细胞免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白结构域3在类风湿关节炎中上调,但在控制炎症方面不足。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01
Caecilie Skejoe, Aida S Hansen, Kristian Stengaard-Pedersen, Peter Junker, Kim Hoerslev-Pedersen, Merete L Hetland, Mikkel Oestergaard, Stinne Greisen, Malene Hvid, Mette Deleuran, Bent Deleuran

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, that involves both pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The purpose of the present study is to investigate T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) in RA.

Methods: Plasma levels of soluble (s) Tim-3 in early RA (n=98), were followed, to evaluate association with treatment and disease activity, acquired from a prospective collected biobank (clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00660647)). We also investigate the influence of Tim-3 on spontaneous cytokine production in synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) from RA patients after addition of neutralizing anti-Tim-3's antibodies, either alone or in combination with neutralizing anti-Programmed Cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies.

Results: Long-time stimulated CD4 T-cells expressed high levels of Tim-3, but tended to decrease their PD-1 expression. Tim-3 expression was exclusively seen co-expressed with PD-1 by CD3, CD4, CD45RO positive cells in the inflamed RA joint. Addition of neutralizing Tim-3 antibodies increased the secretion of IFNγ and MCP-1, in SFMC cultures from RA. Whereas neutralizing anti-PD-1 antibodies showed a broader impact on cytokine production. Finally, we observed that soluble Tim-3 is increased in plasma and is associated with disease activity in early RA.

Conclusion: Taken together, our findings indicate disease-suppressive functions of Tim-3 in RA.

目的:类风湿关节炎(RA)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,涉及促炎和抗炎机制。本研究的目的是探讨t细胞免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白结构域3 (Tim-3)在RA中的作用。方法:从前瞻性收集的生物库(clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00660647))获取早期RA (n=98)患者血浆可溶性Tim-3水平,以评估其与治疗和疾病活动度的关系。我们还研究了单独或联合中和抗程序性细胞死亡蛋白1 (PD-1)抗体后,Tim-3对RA患者滑液单核细胞(SFMC)自发细胞因子产生的影响。结果:长期刺激的CD4 t细胞Tim-3表达水平较高,而PD-1表达水平有降低的趋势。Tim-3仅在炎症关节炎关节的CD3、CD4、CD45RO阳性细胞中与PD-1共表达。在RA的SFMC培养物中,加入中和Tim-3抗体可增加IFNγ和MCP-1的分泌。而中和抗pd -1抗体对细胞因子产生更广泛的影响。最后,我们观察到可溶性Tim-3在血浆中增加,并且与早期RA的疾病活动性有关。结论:综上所述,我们的研究结果表明Tim-3在RA中具有疾病抑制作用。
{"title":"T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 is upregulated in rheumatoid arthritis, but insufficient in controlling inflammation.","authors":"Caecilie Skejoe,&nbsp;Aida S Hansen,&nbsp;Kristian Stengaard-Pedersen,&nbsp;Peter Junker,&nbsp;Kim Hoerslev-Pedersen,&nbsp;Merete L Hetland,&nbsp;Mikkel Oestergaard,&nbsp;Stinne Greisen,&nbsp;Malene Hvid,&nbsp;Mette Deleuran,&nbsp;Bent Deleuran","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, that involves both pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The purpose of the present study is to investigate T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) in RA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma levels of soluble (s) Tim-3 in early RA (n=98), were followed, to evaluate association with treatment and disease activity, acquired from a prospective collected biobank (clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00660647)). We also investigate the influence of Tim-3 on spontaneous cytokine production in synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) from RA patients after addition of neutralizing anti-Tim-3's antibodies, either alone or in combination with neutralizing anti-Programmed Cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Long-time stimulated CD4 T-cells expressed high levels of Tim-3, but tended to decrease their PD-1 expression. Tim-3 expression was exclusively seen co-expressed with PD-1 by CD3, CD4, CD45RO positive cells in the inflamed RA joint. Addition of neutralizing Tim-3 antibodies increased the secretion of IFNγ and MCP-1, in SFMC cultures from RA. Whereas neutralizing anti-PD-1 antibodies showed a broader impact on cytokine production. Finally, we observed that soluble Tim-3 is increased in plasma and is associated with disease activity in early RA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, our findings indicate disease-suppressive functions of Tim-3 in RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":72163,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental immunology","volume":"11 3","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9301058/pdf/ajcei0011-0034.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40620421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of cytokines, chemokines, C3a, and mannose-binding lectin in the evolution of the chikungunya infection. 细胞因子、趋化因子、C3a和甘露糖结合凝集素在基孔肯雅感染演变中的作用。
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01
Berta N Restrepo, Katerine Marín, Paola Romero, Margarita Arboleda, Ana L Muñoz, Irene Bosch, Heriberto Vásquez-Serna, Orlando A Torres

The pathogenesis of the severity of chikungunya infection is not yet fully understood.

Objective: To assess the role of the cytokines/chemokines and system of complement in the evolution of chikungunya infection.

Methods: In both acute and chronic phases, we measured the serum levels of 12 cytokines/chemokines and two complement mediators: mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and C3a, in 83 patients with chikungunya infection and ten healthy controls.

Results: During the acute phase, 75.9% of the patients developed musculoskeletal disorders, and in 37.7% of them, these disorders persisted until the chronic phase. In general, patients had higher levels of cytokines than healthy controls, with significant differences for IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and MIP-1. Most cytokines exhibited a downward trend during the chronic phase. However, only IL-10, and MIP-1 levels were significantly lower in the chronic phase. Additionally, these levels never decreased to concentrations found in healthy controls. Moreover, MBL levels were significantly higher in the acute phase compared with the chronic phase. C3a levels were significantly higher in patients with musculoskeletal disorder compared with patients without it, in both acute-phase 118.2 (66.5-252.9), and chronic phase 68.5 (64.4-71.3), P < 0.001. Interestingly, C3a levels were significantly higher when patients had a severe disease version. Besides, in the acute phase, C3a levels were higher in patients that suffer arthritis as opposed to when they suffer arthralgia, 194.3 (69.5-282.2), and 70.9 (62.4-198.8), P = 0.013, respectively.

Conclusions: Our results showed an immunological response that persisted until the chronic phase and the role of the complement system in the severity of the disease.

基孔肯雅热感染严重程度的发病机制尚不完全清楚。目的:探讨细胞因子/趋化因子和补体系统在基孔肯雅热感染演变中的作用。方法:测定83例基孔肯雅感染患者和10例健康对照者急性期和慢性期12种细胞因子/趋化因子和2种补体介质:甘露糖结合凝集素(MBL)和C3a的血清水平。结果:在急性期,75.9%的患者出现肌肉骨骼疾病,其中37.7%的患者持续到慢性期。总的来说,患者的细胞因子水平高于健康对照组,在IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和MIP-1方面存在显著差异。大多数细胞因子在慢性期呈下降趋势。然而,只有IL-10和MIP-1水平在慢性期显著降低。此外,这些水平从未降低到健康对照组的浓度。此外,MBL水平在急性期明显高于慢性期。无论是急性期118.2(66.5-252.9),还是慢性期68.5(64.4-71.3),肌肉骨骼疾病患者的C3a水平均明显高于非肌肉骨骼疾病患者,P < 0.001。有趣的是,当患者有严重的疾病版本时,C3a水平显着升高。此外,在急性期,关节炎患者的C3a水平高于关节炎患者,分别为194.3(69.5-282.2)和70.9 (62.4-198.8),P = 0.013。结论:我们的结果显示免疫反应持续到慢性期和补体系统在疾病严重程度中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Down-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-6 serum levels in the idiopathic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 特发性慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清中转化生长因子- β和白细胞介素-6水平的下调
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01
Reza Bahramabadi, Hassan Yousefi-Daredor, Sahar Rezaeinejad, Mohammadtaghi Rezayati, Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi

Background: Idiopathic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ICOPD) is a prevalent human disease. The etiology of the disease is yet to be clarified. The main aim of this project was to explore serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in the ICOPD patients in comparison to healthy controls.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β were evaluated in the 70 non-smoker ICOPD patients and 70 sex and age matched controls, using ELISA technique by the commercial kits from Karmania Pars Gene Company. Analysis of data was performed by parametric independent and Pearson correlation test.

Results: Serum levels of IL-6 and TGF-β, but not TNF-α, were significantly decreased in the ICOPD patients in comparison to controls. Serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β were not altered in the ICOPD male in comparison to female and also in mild when compared to moderate ICOPD patients.

Conclusions: Down-regulation of TGF-β may be the main risk factor for deterioration of inflammation in the ICOPD patients. Decreased IL-6 may be related to the idiopathic type of COPD.

背景:特发性慢性阻塞性肺疾病(ICOPD)是一种常见病。这种疾病的病因尚不清楚。本项目的主要目的是探讨ICOPD患者血清中白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)和转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)水平与健康对照组的比较。方法:采用Karmania Pars基因公司的商业试剂盒,采用ELISA技术,对70例非吸烟ICOPD患者和70例性别和年龄匹配的对照组进行血清IL-6、TNF-α和TGF-β水平的检测。数据分析采用参数独立检验和Pearson相关检验。结果:与对照组相比,ICOPD患者血清IL-6和TGF-β水平显著降低,TNF-α水平未见显著降低。与女性相比,ICOPD男性患者血清IL-6、TNF-α和TGF-β水平没有改变,轻度ICOPD患者与中度ICOPD患者的血清IL-6、TNF-α和TGF-β水平也没有改变。结论:TGF-β下调可能是ICOPD患者炎症恶化的主要危险因素。IL-6的降低可能与特发性COPD有关。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 in a group of children with asthma: presentation, severity, and outcome. 一组哮喘儿童的COVID-19:表现、严重程度和结果
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01
Zeineb A El-Sayed, Rasha H El-Owaidy, Waleed N Harb, Ghada A Shousha

Background: There are insufficient data concerning COVID-19 severity among asthmatic children.

Aim: to evaluate the impact of asthma on COVID-19 severity and outcome.

Patients and methods: We carried out an observational study that comprised 2 matched groups of children with confirmed/probable COVID-19: 30 with and 32 without asthma aged 6-18 years, who were enrolled consecutively from Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Egypt. COVID-19 clinical presentations, laboratory and radiological abnormalities, severity and outcome were compared between the 2 groups. Asthma severity and control were assessed based on GINA 2020.

Results: The asthmatic COVID-19 children were 9 boys and 21 girls, with median age 9 years, IQR: 8-12 years. The non-asthmatic COVID-19 group included 18 males and 14 females with median age 9.5 years, IQR: 7-12.5 years. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 were comparable among the 2 groups, except for wheezes which were more frequently encountered as a COVID-19 manifestation among the asthmatics (p=0.001). Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-c) was diagnosed in one asthmatic and 3 non-asthmatic patients. The asthmatic group had higher frequency of serum ferritin, LDH and D-dimer elevations compared to the non-asthmatic peers (p values 0.014, 0.001, and 0.015 respectively). Based on CO-RAD classification, 70% of the asthmatic patients had CO-RAD score of 5 versus 6.3 % among the non-asthmatic group with significant differences between the 2 groups in their CO-RAD scores (P=0.002). COVID-19 severity was comparable among the studied groups (P=0.775), as well as COVID-19 outcome and duration of hospital stay (p values 0.999, and 0.655, respectively).

Conclusion: From our limited sample sized study, childhood asthma did not pose a significant impact on COVID-19 severity and outcome. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to validate our conclusion and investigate the relation of COVID-19 severity and outcome to allergen immunotherapy and the use of biologicals for asthma treatment.

背景:关于哮喘儿童COVID-19严重程度的数据不足。目的:评价哮喘对COVID-19严重程度和转归的影响。患者和方法:我们开展了一项观察性研究,包括两组匹配的确诊/可能患有COVID-19的儿童:30名患有哮喘和32名未患有哮喘的6-18岁儿童,他们连续从埃及艾因沙姆斯大学儿童医院入组。比较两组患者新冠肺炎的临床表现、实验室和影像学异常、严重程度和预后。根据GINA 2020评估哮喘严重程度和控制情况。结果:新冠肺炎哮喘患儿中,男童9例,女童21例,中位年龄9岁,IQR 8 ~ 12岁。非哮喘性COVID-19组男性18例,女性14例,中位年龄9.5岁,IQR 7 ~ 12.5岁。两组患者COVID-19的临床表现具有可比性,但哮喘患者更常出现喘息症状(p=0.001)。1例哮喘患者和3例非哮喘患者诊断为多系统炎症综合征(MIS-c)。哮喘组血清铁蛋白、LDH和d -二聚体的升高频率高于非哮喘组(p值分别为0.014、0.001和0.015)。根据CO-RAD分级,70%的哮喘患者的CO-RAD评分为5分,而非哮喘组的CO-RAD评分为6.3%,两组患者的CO-RAD评分差异有统计学意义(P=0.002)。各组间COVID-19严重程度具有可比性(P=0.775), COVID-19结局和住院时间具有可比性(P值分别为0.999和0.655)。结论:从我们有限的样本量研究中,儿童哮喘对COVID-19的严重程度和结局没有显著影响。需要进一步的纵向研究来验证我们的结论,并调查COVID-19严重程度和结果与过敏原免疫治疗和使用生物制剂治疗哮喘的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Sensitizations to wheat and strawberry: are they a tangible threat to atopic Egyptian. 对小麦和草莓过敏:它们对特应性埃及人有切实的威胁吗?
Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01
Zeinab Awad El-Sayed, Heba Sakr, Ghada Abdel Haleem Shousha

Background: definite figures of allergy to wheat and strawberries in Egypt are lacking. We investigated IgE-mediated sensitization to wheat and strawberry among a group of allergic children, and the relation between wheat and strawberry sensitization.

Patients and methods: This study comprised 256 children, with physician-diagnosed allergy: bronchial asthma (98 patients), allergic rhinitis (28 patients), atopic dermatitis (53 patients) and food allergy (10 patients). Sensitization to wheat and strawberry was assessed using prick testing, followed by oral challenge test to prove allergy.

Results: Wheat sensitization was observed in 9.4% of the studied children with confirmed allergy in 0.4%. Strawberry sensitization was observed in 7.8% of patients, with 2% confirmed allergy. Either sensitization did not influence response of allergy to treatment. Wheat and strawberry sensitizations were positively correlated.

Conclusion: Wheat and strawberry allergies are not common among Egyptian children with allergic disorders; and did not impact the response to allergy treatment.

背景:在埃及缺乏对小麦和草莓过敏的确切数字。我们研究了一组过敏儿童对小麦和草莓的ige介导的致敏性,以及小麦和草莓的致敏性之间的关系。患者和方法:本研究纳入256名经医生诊断为过敏的儿童:支气管哮喘(98例)、过敏性鼻炎(28例)、特应性皮炎(53例)和食物过敏(10例)。采用点刺试验评估小麦和草莓的致敏性,随后进行口腔激射试验以证明过敏。结果:小麦致敏率为9.4%,确诊过敏率为0.4%。7.8%的患者出现草莓致敏,2%的患者确诊过敏。两种致敏均不影响过敏对治疗的反应。小麦和草莓的致敏性呈正相关。结论:小麦和草莓过敏在埃及儿童过敏性疾病中并不常见;对过敏治疗的反应没有影响。
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American journal of clinical and experimental immunology
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