Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials最新文献

This research article examines the free vibrational behavior of composite laminated sandwich plates with a partially treated graphene-reinforced magnetorheological elastomer (GMRE) core. Experimental analysis was conducted to determine the natural frequencies of the partially treated sandwich plates under varying magnetic field intensities and clamped–clamped (CC) boundary conditions. A finite element (FE) model was developed using Abaqus to simulate the dynamic response of the sandwich plates. FE model results have been validated against the experimental findings and the published literature. Parametric studies were performed to examine the effects of magnetic field, boundary conditions, aspect ratio, patch size, and fiber ply orientation on different plate configurations. The results indicate that the size and location of the GMRE-treated regions significantly affect the natural frequencies, irrespective of the magnetic field. These findings demonstrate the potential of the partial treatment as a compact and adaptable approach for controlling vibrations in advanced composite structures.

The growing demand for high-power and energy-dense storage devices necessitates the development of advanced supercapacitor systems that can directly integrate with renewable energy sources. Here, we report an ionic liquid-driven supercapacitor (IL-SSC) device employing defect-engineered few-layer graphene (F-Gr) electrodes using tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF₄) in acetonitrile electrolyte. F-Gr, prepared via a double-step reduction and thermal activation strategy, exhibits ideal interlayer spacing, less oxygen groups, and restored sp² networks, enabling rapid ion transport and superior conductivity. Structural and spectroscopic analyses confirm effective deoxygenation and defect tailoring, while density functional theory calculations reveal enhanced electronic delocalization of F-Gr compared to rGO. Electrochemically, the F-Gr device sustains an extended operating voltage of 3.0 V, delivering a high specific capacitance of 50 F g^− 1 @ 10 mV s^− 1, and an energy density of 50.7 Wh kg^− 1 (@ 1.25 A g^− 1), with a peak power density of 18,750 W kg^− 1 (@ 12.5 A g^− 1), with 85% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The F-Gr IL-SCC device maintains stable performance across a wide temperature window (-10 to 80 °C), highlighting robust ion dynamics in extreme sub-zero and high-temperature resilient conditions. Furthermore, direct integration with a photovoltaic panel demonstrates rapid solar charging to ~ 3 V within 20 s and successful powering of a portable electronic load. Establishing the F-Gr IL-SSC device as a versatile platform bridging the gap between batteries and capacitors, offering a promising route toward high-performance, renewable energy storage and off-grid applications.

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Based on the features of cellulose-based carbon materials, integrating metal–organic framework (MOF) and polymers in cellulose is in favor of the electrochemical performance for supercapacitor and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, a three dimensional (3D) porous carbon material inserted by carbon nanotubes (CNT) and Co particles was designed by an electrospinning and calcination technology. During the calcination process, MOF-74 as both nanocatalysts and carbon sources was converted to CNT and Co particles, meanwhile, CA-PVDF fibrous membranes were pyrolyzed into the porous carbon, leading to the novel multilevel structures and specific C/Co component. The type (PAN, PVDF, PVP) and mass ratio (0:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:0) of polymers were optimized to improve the electrochemical performance. As a result, due to the rich defects from CNT, the high specific areas caused by PVDF, as well as the specific activity of Co particles, the high specific capacitance of 169.50 F g⁻¹ was obtained at 0.5 A g⁻¹ for CAF(2:1)CT within -1.0–0 V. CAF(2:1)C showed acceptable HER catalytic activity. Additionally, an asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor (CAF(2:1)C//CAF(2:1)CT) was built and delivered a high energy density of 25.69 Wh kg⁻¹, a superb cycling life during 10000 cycles, as well as a necessary practicality in circuit. This work proposed a novel hybrid biomass based carbon material, which can provide a reference for the design of electrode materials and catalysts in other fields.

Hybrid materials, as a consequence of the synergistic effect, enormously tune the electrical, optical, optoelectronic, and other functional properties of various material systems. Recently, layered hybrid materials have largely been sought for greater control of functional properties. However, tribo-engineering with layered hybrid materials has not been well explored and has yet to be fully understood to advance moving mechanical components. Here, we develop a variety of layered hybrid materials based on a combination of multilayer graphene (mGR), multilayer graphene oxide (mGO), boron nitride (BN), and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) and probe their tribological effectiveness using a ball-on-disk low-load tribometer. We demonstrate that solution-processed hybrid flakes coatings of BN and WS₂ on stainless steel 304 (SS) are not tribologically resilient. However, when combined with mGO and mGR-based compositions, even BN and WS₂-based hybrid flakes coatings reveal enhanced tribological performance due to synergistic effects. Developed BN_mGR and WS₂_mGO binary hybrids, as well as BN_WS₂_mGR and BN_WS₂_mGO ternary hybrids, reduced friction by 32%, 59%, 29%, and 40%, respectively, compared to bare SS. We demonstrate that the WS₂_mGO binary hybrid flakes coating yields a low coefficient of friction (COF) and high wear resistance. To further enhance its survival under rigorous tribological conditions, particularly at higher loads, we engineer its formulation. The resulting WS₂_mGO_14 formulation exhibits the lowest friction with an average COF of ~ 0.09, reducing the friction of bare SS by 87%, and the highest wear resistance at a normal load of 0.1 N. Moreover, it maintained its tribological effectiveness at higher normal loads up to 4 N, outperforming all other hybrid flakes coatings and various other WS₂_mGO formulations studied in this work. Microscopic and spectroscopic studies by FESEM, Raman, and FTIR are conducted to gain fundamental insight into friction and wear control mechanisms of the WS₂_mGO hybrid. This work discovers that the inclusion of carbon-based layered material is mandatory to achieve low friction and high wear resistance in BN and WS₂-based material systems and developing slippery surfaces.

Real-time switching between positive and negative photoconductivity is becoming increasingly important in the development of optoelectronic technology. In this work, we demonstrate a solution-processed Ruddlesden-Popper phase Ba₂TiO₄-based memristor. Through the synergistic effect of optical pulse and external electric field, it realizes the switching between positive photoconductivity and negative photoconductivity. The device achieved typical synaptic behaviors such as excitatory/inhibitory postsynaptic currents, paired-pulse facilitation, and long-term plasticity. It also simulates the advanced behaviors of human learning and memory. The excellent performance of the device is mainly attributed to the vacancy trapping carriers in Ba₂TiO₄. After the photogenerated carriers are captured by the vacancy defects, a built-in electric field will be formed. By combining the synergistic effects of light-induced internal electric fields and external electric fields, positive and negative photoconductive characteristics can be switched. This has enabled image recognition, motion detection, and reconfigurable logic operations. This research is of great significance to realize the integration of sensing, storage, and computing.

The accumulation of phenolic acid autotoxins is a key factor contributing to the challenges of continuous chili cropping, but efficient and stable remediation methods are currently lacking. This study innovatively employs K₂CO₃ alkali etching to prepare engineered biochar as a laccase carrier, achieving high-efficiency immobilization via glutaraldehyde cross-linking (maximum loading capacity: 177.3 U/g). Compared to free laccase, the immobilized system exhibits significant advantages: broader pH and temperature adaptability, enhanced long-term storage stability, and improved reusability. Experimental results demonstrate that 2 U/mL of immobilized laccase can completely degrade 20 mg/L phthalic acid within 10 h and is effective against multiple chili autotoxic phenolic acids (ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid). After phthalic acid degradation, the solution no longer inhibits chili seed germination, and soil experiments confirm a degradation rate of 51.07% after 11 days. Mechanistic studies reveal that the degradation process relies on synergistic radical and non-radical pathways, with electron transfer playing a dominant role. LC–MS analysis confirms the transformation of phenolic acids into low-toxicity small molecules. This study is the first to propose a biochar-immobilized laccase synergistic degradation strategy, which offers high efficiency, environmental safety, sustainability, and broad applicability compared to existing methods.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a life-threatening condition associated with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), chronic mucosal inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The therapeutic potential of resveratrol (Rv) and mesalazine (Mz) is limited by poor solubility, nonspecific distribution, and low delivery efficiency. To overcome these challenges, we introduce an integrated nanotherapeutic approach where we modify hyaluronic acid (HA) onto the surface of Mz-encapsulated mesoporous Rv-crosslinked polyphosphazene nanobowl (named PHRv@Mz@HA), for multitarget therapy in IBD. Benefiting from the negatively charged surface of HA coating and abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups in PHRv@Mz@HA, it allows for prolonged retention to the gastrointestinal tract and targeted accumulation of the nanomedication to the positively charged inflamed colon regions through electrostatic interactions and bioadhesion. Subsequently, PHRv@Mz@HA specifically binds to CD44-overexpressed inflammatory cells (especially macrophages), thus significantly alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation at IBD lesions. Specifically, mechanistic studies revealed that PHRv@Mz@HA exerted its effects through activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway for ROS scavenging, while suppressing the inflammatory response by down-regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In the mice models of dextran sulfate sodium- and trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced acute colitis demonstrated that oral administration of PHRv@Mz@HA achieved outperformed therapeutic effects compared with standard drug Mz, as evidenced by elimination of oxidative stress, decreased colonic and systemic inflammation, repaired intestinal barrier, and restored gut microbiota balance. By integrating targeted delivery with bioresponsive release of natural medicine, this work offered a safe and effective intervention for IBD treatment.

Graphical Abstract

Due to the unique stress relaxation and unrecoverable chain disentanglement as well as slip of polymers, thermoplastic shape-memory polymers (SMP) often exhibit low durability and robustness in dynamic load-bearing applications. 3D printing of thermoplastic dynamic vulcanizates (TPVs) which are normally composed of dispersed rubberic phase and continuous plastic phase are rarely reported due to their poor thermoviscous flowability. Here, we propose a strategy to fabricate 3D-printable TPVs with improved durability in shape-recovery performance based on phase-inversion blending. Evolution of the obtained mechanical properties and shape memory performance was discussed based on morphology regulation. The durable SMP blends were achieved via a facile melt-compounding process under multi-stage temperatures by involving two immiscible phases: one is the partially crosslinked eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) skeletons and the other is the infilled/interlocked low-viscosity polycaprolactone (PCL), which construct a kind of double-network-interlocked morphology and thereby provide the desired elastic resilience while enabling the feasibility of melt-extrusion 3D printing. To address the poor interfacial compatibility, furthermore, diisocyanate (MDI) was incorporated to enhance PCL/EUG adhesion by extending molecular chains, particularly for PCL. This resulted in a mechanically robust double-network-interlocked morphology at the microscopic scale, comprising crosslinked EUG skeletons and an infilled thermoplastic PCL phase. Through morphology optimization, a 40 wt% EUG/60 wt% PCL blend demonstrated exceptional durable shape recovery (Rr ~ 91% after 10 cycles) while retaining excellent 3D printability.

Hybrid organic–inorganic coordination complexes (HOICCs) are an emerging class of materials that combine the structural robustness of inorganic components with the tunable functionality of organic ligands. This unique synergy imparts HOICCs with high coordination bond strength, structural diversity, and adaptability, distinguishing them from conventional corrosion inhibitors. These advantages translate into superior anticorrosive performance, including the ability to form stable protective films, modulate electrochemical environments, and provide dynamic, stimulus-responsive protection in aggressive conditions. This review systematically explores the role of HOICCs in corrosion protection. First, the fundamental structural classifications of HOICCs—framework-based, discrete, and polymeric complexes—and their influence on bond strength, architecture, and functional tunability have been outlined. Next, recent progress in synthetic approaches is summarized, including solution-based, electrolytic processing (EP), layer-by-layer (LbL), and gas-phase methods (Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), molecular layer deposition (MLD)), which enable precise control over composition and structure. The review then discusses the mechanisms by which HOICCs inhibit corrosion, supported by electrochemical evaluation methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). Finally, key challenges—including scalability, long-term stability, and environmental risks—are analyzed alongside forward-looking opportunities for integrating HOICCs with machine learning, green chemistry, and multifunctional coating design. The purpose of this review is to consolidate current knowledge of HOICCs as corrosion inhibitors, highlight their advantages over conventional strategies, and provide insights into future directions for their development as sustainable, high-performance solutions in industrial corrosion protection.

Transparent wood (TW) has emerged as a promising alternative to glass for sustainable architecture, yet its rigid and passive nature limits its adaptability for dynamic light and temperature regulation. We report a thermally reversible transparent wood (TRTW) featuring a semi-interpenetrating polymer network architecture constructed from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) infused into a delignified wood scaffold. This architecture enables reversible transitions between stiff and soft states via PEG crystallization/melting and dynamically modulates light transmittance (from 80.6% to 48.2%) through refractive index mismatch. The TRTW exhibits excellent shape adaptability at elevated temperatures (bendability exceeding 170°), enhanced toughness (elongation increased by 540%), and superior impact resistance (9.81 kJ/m², ~ 12× that of glass). It also features an adjustable phase transition temperature (T_m ≈ 30 °C, T_c = 12.96–18.85 °C) and high latent heat (up to 95.8 J/g), enabling heat storage and temperature buffering for passive building energy regulation. The synergy of thermo-reversible optics and mechanics within a wood-based framework provides a novel strategy toward intelligent and energy-efficient building skins and optical devices.