Biomedical engineering advances最新文献

英文中文

In situ synchrotron quantitative analysis of competitive adsorption tendency of human serum protein to different clinical hemodialysis membranes and assessment of potential impacts 人血清蛋白对不同临床血液透析膜竞争吸附趋势的原位同步定量分析及潜在影响评估

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2023.100104

Amira Abdelrasoul , Heloisa Westphalen , Denis Kalugin , Huu Doan , Ahmed Shoker

Protein adsorption on hemodialysis (HD) membrane matrices and surfaces is a highly undesirable process, as it triggers complement activation and leads to severe health complications for HD patients. However, there is a lack of systematic research investigating the correlation between membrane characteristics and their performance in the dialysis process. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the competitive adsorption tendencies of three human serum proteins (albumin (HSA), fibrinogen (FB), and transferrin (TRF)) on clinical dialysis membranes composed of polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyvinyl fluoride (PVDF) polymers. To assess membrane morphology across the membrane cross-section, in situ synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR-µCT) imaging was conducted at the Canadian Light Source (CLS). Protein adsorption was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using an innovative synchrotron-based X-ray tomography technique. To determine the mutual influence of protein species on overall protein adsorption, adsorption from single-protein solutions was compared to adsorption from a protein mixture. Regarding single-protein adsorption, the PVDF membrane exhibited 40% less adsorption of HSA compared to the PES membrane. Conversely, FB adsorption was approximately 25% higher on the PVDF membrane compared to the PES membrane. The PAN membrane showed similar levels of HSA adsorption as the PES membrane and similar levels of FB adsorption as the PVDF membrane. In the case of adsorption from the protein mixture, a suppression of HSA adsorption and replacement of HSA with FB were observed. Consequently, the initial solution with a HSA content of 92% resulted in an adsorbed layer containing approximately 75–80% HSA across all the studied membranes. TRF adsorption remained unaffected by the presence of other proteins, consistent across all three membranes. Notably, the PES membrane exhibited the most significant change in the adsorbed protein composition between single-protein and multi-protein adsorption. In addition, this study comprehensively assesses the impact of fibrinogen adsorption on dialysis, including its consequences, blood activation, and implications for quality of life.

蛋白质吸附在血液透析(HD)膜基质和表面是一个非常不受欢迎的过程，因为它会触发补体激活并导致HD患者严重的健康并发症。然而，对于透析过程中膜特性与其性能之间的关系，目前还缺乏系统的研究。本研究旨在全面了解三种人血清蛋白(白蛋白(HSA)、纤维蛋白原(FB)和转铁蛋白(TRF))在聚醚砜(PES)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)和聚氟乙烯(PVDF)聚合物组成的临床透析膜上的竞争吸附趋势。为了评估膜横截面上的膜形态，在加拿大光源(CLS)下进行了原位同步辐射微计算机断层扫描(SR-µCT)成像。利用一种创新的基于同步加速器的x射线断层扫描技术，对蛋白质吸附进行定性和定量分析。为了确定蛋白质种类对整体蛋白质吸附的相互影响，将单一蛋白质溶液的吸附与蛋白质混合物的吸附进行了比较。在单蛋白吸附方面，PVDF膜对HSA的吸附比PES膜少40%。相反，与PES膜相比，PVDF膜对FB的吸附率约高25%。PAN膜对HSA的吸附量与PES膜相似，对FB的吸附量与PVDF膜相似。在蛋白混合物吸附的情况下，观察到抑制HSA的吸附和用FB代替HSA。因此，HSA含量为92%的初始溶液在所有研究的膜上产生了含有约75-80% HSA的吸附层。TRF的吸附不受其他蛋白质存在的影响，在所有三种膜上都是一致的。值得注意的是，在单蛋白吸附和多蛋白吸附中，PES膜的蛋白质组成变化最为显著。此外，本研究全面评估了纤维蛋白原吸附对透析的影响，包括其后果、血液活化和对生活质量的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Polylactic acid/silicon nitride biodegradable and biomedical Nanocomposites with optimized rheological and thermomechanical response for material extrusion additive manufacturing 用于材料挤出增材制造的具有优化流变和热机械响应的聚乳酸/氮化硅生物可降解和生物医学纳米复合材料

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2023.100103

Nectarios Vidakis , Markos Petousis , Nikolaos Michailidis , Vassilis Papadakis , Nikolaos Mountakis , Apostolos Argyros , Evgenia Dimitriou , Chrysa Charou , Amalia Moutsopoulou

Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) is a well-known bio-ceramic that is widely used for medical and healthcare purposes, due to its biocompatibility and superior chemical, physical and mechanical properties, which make it suitable for implants. Due to its unique features, examining its efficiency as a cost-effective reinforcement agent for thermoplastics in material extrusion (MEX) Additive Manufacturing (AM) seems promising for the development of composites for biomedical applications. The mainstream thermoplastic in MEX AM is the biodegradable and biocompatible Polylactic Acid (PLA). Herein, a biomedical grade PLA was used as a matrix for Si₃N₄ nanopowder in various filler loadings. Filaments were prepared with melt extrusion, whereas MEX 3D printing was engaged to prepare specimens for mechanical evaluation, according to standardized tests. The effect of the Si₃N₄ nanoparticles loading and its optimization was carried out by means of fifteen (15) different tests. The nanocomposites were fully characterized with Raman, Thermogravimetric Analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy, among others. Aspects of the process, such as rheology and processability, were also assessed and quantified. A more than 40% increase in both flexural and tensile strength of the samples was found, proving the hypothesis for the effectiveness of Si₃N₄ nanoparticles as a compelling alternative reinforcement agent in MEX AM of biomedical PLA-based parts.

氮化硅(Si3N4)是一种众所周知的生物陶瓷，由于其生物相容性和优越的化学、物理和机械性能，使其适用于植入物，被广泛用于医疗和保健领域。由于其独特的特性，研究其作为热塑性塑料材料挤出(MEX)中具有成本效益的增强剂的效率，增材制造(AM)似乎有望开发用于生物医学应用的复合材料。MEX AM的主流热塑性塑料是可生物降解和生物相容性的聚乳酸(PLA)。在这里，生物医学级PLA被用作各种填料负载的氮化硅纳米粉末的基质。根据标准化测试，长丝是用熔体挤压制备的，而MEX 3D打印则用于制备用于机械评估的样品。通过15种不同的实验，对氮化硅纳米颗粒的负载效果进行了研究。利用拉曼光谱、热重分析和扫描电镜等手段对纳米复合材料进行了表征。工艺的各个方面，如流变性和可加工性，也进行了评估和量化。发现样品的弯曲和拉伸强度增加了40%以上，证明了Si3N4纳米颗粒作为生物医学pla基零件的MEX AM中令人信服的替代增强剂的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Static Strength Analysis on Steel Structure of Locomotive Cooling and Design Explorer Optimization 机车冷却钢结构静强度分析及设计探索者优化

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.016

Meng Zhao

With the comprehensive development of diesel locomotive and the improvement of running speed, the design of locomotive cooling system get more attention, the basic is to ensure that the strength of the structure in order to make locomotive's operation safe and reliable. This paper establish cooling steel structure finite element model with parametric method, and gets static strength results of the structure under different conditions. In order to make the structure satisfy the standard of intensity and shorten the design cycle, putting the design parameters and the extract command of equivalent stress into the export file of Hyper Mesh, using Workbench Design Explorer modules with experimental design method, based on Monte-Carlo method simulating sampling points, and fitting for response surface between the Design parameters and target parameters. Setting structure’s optimization algorithm and then the program automatically calculates the candidate de-sign points. After those design points are determined, it needs to calculate again, steel structure meets the design requirements of strength criteria in locomotive running.

随着内燃机车的全面发展和运行速度的提高，机车冷却系统的设计越来越受到重视，其基础是保证结构的强度，以保证机车的运行安全可靠。本文采用参数化方法建立了冷却钢结构有限元模型，得到了结构在不同工况下的静强度结果。为了使结构满足强度标准，缩短设计周期，将设计参数和等效应力提取命令放入Hyper Mesh导出文件中，利用Workbench design Explorer模块结合实验设计方法，基于蒙特卡罗方法模拟采样点，拟合设计参数与目标参数之间的响应面。设置结构的优化算法，然后程序自动计算候选设计点。确定设计点后，需要重新计算钢结构在机车运行中是否满足强度准则的设计要求。

引用次数: 0

Analysis on Risks and Preventive Measures of Overseas Highway Engineering: Taking Bolivia Project as an Example 海外公路工程风险分析及防范措施——以玻利维亚项目为例

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.024

Ying Pan, Jun Dong, Likuan Tian

Under the Belt and Road Initiative, the pace of Chinese enterprises to explore overseas markets obviously quickens, and the international project contracting business has been maintaining rapid growth. At the same time, series of issues have brought the unprecedented impacts on human society, such as the scientific and technological revolution, the industrial revolution, climate change, etc. With more and more risk factors in the international project contracting market, the uncertainties faced by Chinese enterprises "going global" to carry out international business are increasing. Based on the "the Two-San Project" and "the Yukumo Project" being implemented by China Construction Group in Bolivia, the paper focuses on the internal and external risks, involved in the development of highway engineering projects. The various risk factors will be explained in detail so as to provide reference for the smooth implementation of the road projects under construction and the road projects to enter Bolivia in the future.

在“一带一路”倡议下，中国企业开拓海外市场的步伐明显加快，国际工程承包业务一直保持快速增长。与此同时，科技革命、工业革命、气候变化等一系列问题给人类社会带来了前所未有的冲击。随着国际工程承包市场的风险因素越来越多，中国企业“走出去”开展国际业务面临的不确定性也越来越大。本文以中国建筑集团在玻利维亚实施的“两三工程”和“玉库莫工程”为背景，重点分析了公路工程项目开发中涉及的内外部风险。对各种风险因素进行详细说明，为今后在建道路项目的顺利实施和进入玻利维亚的道路项目提供参考。

引用次数: 0

Discussion on the Difficulties and Countermeasures of Steel Structure Construction Technology in Building Engineering 浅谈建筑工程中钢结构施工技术难点及对策

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.019

Wei Sun

引用次数: 0

Risk Assessment of Water Conservancy Projects Based on Portfolio Empowerment 基于组合赋权的水利项目风险评估

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.015

Hung Nguyen

Water is the source of ecology, the foundation of ecology, and indispensable in the life and development of human society. Water conservancy is an important infrastructure in China, an indispensable primary condition for modern agricultural construction, an irreplaceable basic support for economic and social development, and an inseparable guarantee system for the improvement of the ecological environment. Water conservancy projects have always been key projects in China, playing an important role in ecological civilization construction and flood control power generation. However, due to the complexity of influencing factors, construction problems are becoming increasingly serious. In view of this, a risk evaluation system composed of different indicators is established, and AHP and entropy weight method are combined to determine the weight of each risk factor. The results show that the overall human risk has the most significant impact, accounting for the first proportion, and the gap between other factors is small. This shows that the proposed method can effectively analyze the project risks, promote the development of water conservancy projects, and better reduce the risks in water conservancy construction.

水是生态之源，是生态之本，是人类社会生活和发展不可或缺的要素。水利是中国重要的基础设施，是建设现代农业不可缺少的首要条件，是经济社会发展不可替代的基本支撑，是改善生态环境不可分割的保障体系。水利工程一直是中国的重点工程，在生态文明建设和防洪发电中发挥着重要作用。然而，由于影响因素的复杂性，施工问题日益严重。鉴于此，建立了由不同指标组成的风险评价体系，并结合层次分析法和熵权法确定各风险因素的权重。结果表明，整体人为风险影响最显著，占第一比例，其他因素之间的差距较小。这表明所提出的方法可以有效地分析工程风险，促进水利工程的发展，更好地降低水利建设中的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Research Progress on Prefabricated Concrete Shear Wall 预制混凝土剪力墙研究进展

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.021

Gang Zhang, Jian Liu, Ting Xiong, Chun-Guang Zeng

Prefabricated buildings have the advantages of high efficiency, a short construction period, high quality, and green environmental protection, making them the development trend and representatives of construction industrialization in the construction industry. Prefabricated buildings are also considered the future direction of the construction industry. Among various types of structures, the prefabricated shear wall structure has rapidly developed due to its weight advantages and various other benefits. It was the most mature and widely used prefabricated concrete structure. Numerous studies on prefabricated shear wall structures have been carried out in the United States and other countries to further promote the development of this structure. The connection mode of the prefabricated shear wall structure greatly influences its structural performance. It is necessary to ensure a reliable connection both between the precast wall panel and other components and among the components themselves to optimize the structure's performance. The current study introduces the development status of precast concrete structures and presents its research results. It also reviews the seismic performance, main connections, and design methods of precast concrete shear wall structures, offering valuable insights for the research and application of such structures.

装配式建筑具有效率高、施工周期短、质量高、绿色环保等优点，使其成为建筑行业中建筑工业化的发展趋势和代表。装配式建筑也被认为是未来建筑业的发展方向。在各种类型的结构中，装配式剪力墙结构由于其重量优势和其他各种优点而迅速发展。它是最成熟、应用最广泛的预制混凝土结构。美国等国家对预制剪力墙结构进行了大量的研究，进一步推动了预制剪力墙结构的发展。装配式剪力墙结构的连接方式对其结构性能影响很大。必须保证预制墙板与其他构件之间以及构件之间的可靠连接，以优化结构的性能。本研究介绍了预制混凝土结构的发展现状和研究成果。综述了预制混凝土剪力墙结构的抗震性能、主要连接方式和设计方法，为此类结构的研究和应用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Research on New Cold Land Resource Recycling Village Residence—Take Shenyang Gulazi Village as an Example 新型寒地资源回收型乡村住宅研究——以沈阳古砬子村为例

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.023

D. Bu, E. Li

引用次数: 0

Research on Distributed Storage Technology for Big Data 大数据分布式存储技术研究

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.020

Zhenyao Duan

With the widespread popularity of mobile Internet and the rapid development of Internet technology, a large number of new applications have emerged in the network, and the amount of data generated by these applications has shown an amazing explosive growth, and people are deeply aware of the huge value contained in these huge data. The term "big data" is widely used in various industries." With the continuous development of emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and user profiling, the term "big data" has been widely used to describe the amount of data and has become an indispensable support force in these fields. Cloud storage, as an emerging data service approach, has been widely used among various business systems in recent years. With the booming development of cloud storage technology, its performance is also improving by leaps and bounds, along with the rapid progress of cloud computing technology. At present, cloud storage technologies are mainly divided into two types of distributed computing models based on virtualization platforms and centralized architectures based on file systems. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of distributed database technology in the big data environment in order to achieve its continuous optimization in the real environment, so as to better serve the daily life of human beings.

随着移动互联网的广泛普及和互联网技术的飞速发展，网络中涌现出了大量的新型应用，这些应用产生的数据量呈现出惊人的爆发式增长，人们深刻地意识到这些庞大数据所蕴含的巨大价值。“大数据”一词被广泛应用于各个行业。随着人工智能、机器学习、用户剖析等新兴领域的不断发展，“大数据”一词被广泛用于描述数据量，并成为这些领域不可或缺的支撑力量。云存储作为一种新兴的数据服务方式，近年来在各种业务系统中得到了广泛的应用。随着云存储技术的蓬勃发展，随着云计算技术的飞速发展，云存储的性能也在突飞猛进。目前，云存储技术主要分为基于虚拟化平台的分布式计算模型和基于文件系统的集中式架构两种。本文的目的是研究分布式数据库技术在大数据环境中的应用，以实现其在真实环境中的持续优化，从而更好地服务于人类的日常生活。

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引用次数: 1

Study on Implementation and Optimization of Cathodic Protection for Offshore Oil Platform Jacket 海洋石油平台导管套阴极保护实施与优化研究

Biomedical engineering advances

Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.26855/ea.2023.06.017

Dezhu Xu

The ocean is a harsh corrosion environment. The corrosion control in the full immersion area of offshore oil jacket generally adopts the sacrificial anode cathodic protection method. With the continuous improvement of the mining technology, the service life of offshore oil platform jacket will increase accordingly, and many jacket platforms are close to or even beyond the service life of the original ca-thodic protection design. By testing the jacket cathodic protection system, evaluating and analyzing the testing results and evaluating the jacket cathodic protection status, we can provide a basis for the service life of the jacket cathodic protection system, master the jacket cathodic protection evaluation methods, improve the utilization efficiency of the jacket, and create huge economic benefits. The measured values of anode potential are -1061mV ～ -1085mV, and the measured values of steel structure potential are - 1006mV ～ -1042mV, which meet the de-sign requirements, indicating that the cathodic protection system of the jacket is normal and the jacket is in a good protection state. The jacket sacrificial anode can meet the requirements of the target service life by verifying the remaining service life and results of the sacrificial anode.

海洋是一个恶劣的腐蚀环境。海上油套全浸区腐蚀控制一般采用牺牲阳极阴极保护方法。随着开采技术的不断提高，海洋石油平台导管架的使用寿命也会相应增加，很多导管架平台已经接近甚至超过了原阴极保护设计的使用寿命。通过对夹套阴极保护系统进行测试，对测试结果进行评估和分析，对夹套阴极保护状态进行评估，可以为夹套阴极保护系统的使用寿命提供依据，掌握夹套阴极保护评估方法，提高夹套的利用效率，创造巨大的经济效益。阳极电位测量值为-1061 mv ~ -1085 mv，钢结构电位测量值为- 1006mV ~ -1042 mv，符合设计要求，说明夹套阴极保护系统正常，夹套处于良好的保护状态。通过对牺牲阳极剩余使用寿命和结果的验证，使夹套牺牲阳极能够满足目标使用寿命的要求。

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引用次数: 0

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