Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2022.16.2.1
Asma Alsini, W. Alshehri, R. Ashy, R. Gashgari
Endophytic fungi, which have been reported in numerous plant species, are essential components of the wild plants’ community and contribute significantly to natural ecosystems' diversity. The study aims to evaluate and characterize, at the molecular level, the diversity and antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi from wild plants in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves and stems of plants, including Juniperus excelsa, Ziziphus spina-christi, Aacacia gerradii, Rumex nervosus, Lavandula dentate, Hypoestes forskaolii, Ficus palmata, Eucalyptus smithii and Conyza bonariensis collected from Taif, Saudi Arabia. About 25 different species belonging to 16 genera were recovered. The ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the collected endophytic isolates were sequenced. The most prevalent fungi were identified as Hypocopra, Aspergillus, Coniothyrium, Chaetomium, Bipolaris, Dothideomycetes, Penicillium, Phoma, Mucor, Readeriella, Leptosphaerulina, Neodidymelliopsis, and Thielavia. Seven of the endophytic fungi isolates exhibited vigorous antimicrobial activity to some microbial pathogens tested. Fungal sp. has the highest inhibition against the human pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococeus faecium and Streptococcus agalactiae
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activities and Molecular Signature of Endophytic Fungi of Wild Plant, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Asma Alsini, W. Alshehri, R. Ashy, R. Gashgari","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2022.16.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2022.16.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi, which have been reported in numerous plant species, are essential components of the wild plants’ community and contribute significantly to natural ecosystems' diversity. The study aims to evaluate and characterize, at the molecular level, the diversity and antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi from wild plants in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves and stems of plants, including Juniperus excelsa, Ziziphus spina-christi, Aacacia gerradii, Rumex nervosus, Lavandula dentate, Hypoestes forskaolii, Ficus palmata, Eucalyptus smithii and Conyza bonariensis collected from Taif, Saudi Arabia. About 25 different species belonging to 16 genera were recovered. The ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the collected endophytic isolates were sequenced. The most prevalent fungi were identified as Hypocopra, Aspergillus, Coniothyrium, Chaetomium, Bipolaris, Dothideomycetes, Penicillium, Phoma, Mucor, Readeriella, Leptosphaerulina, Neodidymelliopsis, and Thielavia. Seven of the endophytic fungi isolates exhibited vigorous antimicrobial activity to some microbial pathogens tested. Fungal sp. has the highest inhibition against the human pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococeus faecium and Streptococcus agalactiae","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88058836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2022.16.1.1
M. Abdelmonem, Mohamed A. Kelany, M. Fawzy, R. Sheta, A. Ageez, Sherein I. Abd El‐Moez
Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli are dangerous foodborne pathogens that represent a severe public health issue worldwide. Raw foods are considered an important source of STEC infection in humans. Objective: In the current study, STEC contamination was investigated in 80 raw foods (chicken, beef, and milk) and water collected from different localities of Greater Cairo using Real-Time PCR. Moreover, the virulence genes of isolates were characterized. Results: STEC was detected in eight samples, (7 beef and 1 chicken), which represent about 10% of the tested samples. Positive beef and chicken samples show the presence of 13 and 2 STEC genes, respectively. Five samples were positive for eaeA (intemin), two samples were positive for stx1 gene and eight samples were positive for stx2 gene. Beef samples reveal the highest incidence of virulence gene stx2 (35%), followed by eaeA (20%), then stx1 (10%). The incidence of STEC was lower in chicken samples and the prevalence of virulence gene was 5% for stx2 and eaeA, respectively. Stx2 gene was the most prevalent subtype identified in beef samples. Serotyping of isolated STEC strains (14) revealed isolation of seven STEC strains belong to O157 serogroup, two strains belong to O111and five strains belong to serogroup O26. Conclusion: The current study concluded that recovery of STEC from raw chicken and beef samples is of important concern.
{"title":"Detection of SHIGA-TOXIN producing E. coli in some retail markets in Egypt using qPCR assay with special reference to serotyping","authors":"M. Abdelmonem, Mohamed A. Kelany, M. Fawzy, R. Sheta, A. Ageez, Sherein I. Abd El‐Moez","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2022.16.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2022.16.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli are dangerous foodborne pathogens that represent a severe public health issue worldwide. Raw foods are considered an important source of STEC infection in humans. Objective: In the current study, STEC contamination was investigated in 80 raw foods (chicken, beef, and milk) and water collected from different localities of Greater Cairo using Real-Time PCR. Moreover, the virulence genes of isolates were characterized. Results: STEC was detected in eight samples, (7 beef and 1 chicken), which represent about 10% of the tested samples. Positive beef and chicken samples show the presence of 13 and 2 STEC genes, respectively. Five samples were positive for eaeA (intemin), two samples were positive for stx1 gene and eight samples were positive for stx2 gene. Beef samples reveal the highest incidence of virulence gene stx2 (35%), followed by eaeA (20%), then stx1 (10%). The incidence of STEC was lower in chicken samples and the prevalence of virulence gene was 5% for stx2 and eaeA, respectively. Stx2 gene was the most prevalent subtype identified in beef samples. Serotyping of isolated STEC strains (14) revealed isolation of seven STEC strains belong to O157 serogroup, two strains belong to O111and five strains belong to serogroup O26. Conclusion: The current study concluded that recovery of STEC from raw chicken and beef samples is of important concern.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88062496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.12.2.
Abdullah AI Hausawi, N. Baeshen, A. Al-Hejin, Mohammed A. AlMatary, Saleh M. Almaaqar, Mohamed Morsi Mohamed Ahmed
The purpose of this study was to isolate, purify, and characterize actinomycetes from desert soil surrounding some plants scattered in Makkah Region using biochemical, morphological, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques, as well as to conduct a taxonomic study of species that show activity against some pathogens and to study the characteristics and properties of antibiotics extracted. Soil samples were collected from three locations in Saudi Arabia's Makkah region. They were brought to the lab and cultured for four days at 27° C using actinomistate isolation media. We obtained eight samples based on physiological, morphological, and 16S rRNA gene sequences: Streptomyces spiralis, Streptomyces spinoverrucosus, Streptomyces fimbriatus, Streptomyces carpinensis, Streptomyces geysiriensis, Streptomyces djakartensis, Streptomyces levis, and Streptomyces atacamensis. All isolates of Streptomyces demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus pneumonia, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and antifungal including Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. These isolates had antimicrobial efficacy and might be used to create novel antibiotics for medicinal or agricultural application.
{"title":"Screening Different Desert Soils in Makkah Province to Detect Novel Antibiotics Producing Actinomycetes","authors":"Abdullah AI Hausawi, N. Baeshen, A. Al-Hejin, Mohammed A. AlMatary, Saleh M. Almaaqar, Mohamed Morsi Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.12.2.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.12.2.","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to isolate, purify, and characterize actinomycetes from desert soil surrounding some plants scattered in Makkah Region using biochemical, morphological, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques, as well as to conduct a taxonomic study of species that show activity against some pathogens and to study the characteristics and properties of antibiotics extracted. Soil samples were collected from three locations in Saudi Arabia's Makkah region. They were brought to the lab and cultured for four days at 27° C using actinomistate isolation media. We obtained eight samples based on physiological, morphological, and 16S rRNA gene sequences: Streptomyces spiralis, Streptomyces spinoverrucosus, Streptomyces fimbriatus, Streptomyces carpinensis, Streptomyces geysiriensis, Streptomyces djakartensis, Streptomyces levis, and Streptomyces atacamensis. All isolates of Streptomyces demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus pneumonia, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and antifungal including Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. These isolates had antimicrobial efficacy and might be used to create novel antibiotics for medicinal or agricultural application.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82998598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.1.12
M. Al-Sameen, Khalil Al-Ma’ari, Fahd Al-Bisky
This research was carried out in the Tissue Culture Lab of the National Commission of Biotechnology (NCBT) in Damascus/ Syria and in Faculty of Agriculture– Damascus University during 2018- 2019 to optimize an effective method for micropropagation of grape Vitis vinifera L. Explants of (0.5-1cm) with adjacent bud were planted in multiplying stage on MS medium contains different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 mg/ l ), with or without 0.2 mg/ l NAA or IAA. The multiplied explants transferred in comparison with MS medium without hormones (control) with different concentrations of IAA (1, 2, 4, 8 mg/ l) for its rooting stage. The results revealed that the hormone combinations (2 mg/ l BAP + 0.2 mg/ l NAA) had the highest average of the plant length (3.233 cm), leaves and the number of formed buds (5.667 leaves, 4.667 bud/ plant biopsy respectively). The hormonal combinations BAP/ NAA led to an obvious increase in the studied parameters in comparison to hormonal combinations treatments BAP/ IAA and nutrition medium with BAP only treatments, whereas the hormonal combinations IAA/ NAA did not lead to an obvious increase in the number of leaves and formed buds in compare with nutrition medium with BAP only treatments. The best percentage of rooting (92.8%) was achieved in MS medium supplemented with (1 mg/ l IAA). 87% of the adapted produced plantlets from tissue culture were successfully moved and planted in soil.
本研究进行了组织培养实验室的国家生物技术委员会(NCBT)在大马士革/叙利亚和农业学院-大马士革大学2018 - 2019年期间优化微体繁殖的一种有效方法葡萄葡萄l .外植体(0.5 - 1厘米)与相邻芽种植在增殖阶段在女士中含有不同浓度的软面包卷(0、0.5、1、1.5、2、3 mg / l),有或没有0.2 mg / l NAA或IAA。在不同浓度IAA(1、2、4、8 mg/ l)的条件下，将外植体移植到无激素的MS培养基(对照)进行生根期比较。结果表明，2 mg/ l BAP + 0.2 mg/ l NAA组合的植株平均长度(3.233 cm)、叶片和形成芽数(5.667个叶片，4.667个芽/株活检)最高。与激素组合处理BAP/ IAA和营养培养基单独处理BAP相比，激素组合BAP/ NAA使研究参数明显增加，而激素组合IAA/ NAA与营养培养基单独处理BAP相比，对叶片数量和芽形成数量的增加不明显。在添加(1 mg/ l IAA)的MS培养基中生根率最高，为92.8%。87%的组培苗成功移栽。
{"title":"Tissue culture technique on micropropagation of grape B41","authors":"M. Al-Sameen, Khalil Al-Ma’ari, Fahd Al-Bisky","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out in the Tissue Culture Lab of the National Commission of Biotechnology (NCBT) in Damascus/ Syria and in Faculty of Agriculture– Damascus University during 2018- 2019 to optimize an effective method for micropropagation of grape Vitis vinifera L. Explants of (0.5-1cm) with adjacent bud were planted in multiplying stage on MS medium contains different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 mg/ l ), with or without 0.2 mg/ l NAA or IAA. The multiplied explants transferred in comparison with MS medium without hormones (control) with different concentrations of IAA (1, 2, 4, 8 mg/ l) for its rooting stage. The results revealed that the hormone combinations (2 mg/ l BAP + 0.2 mg/ l NAA) had the highest average of the plant length (3.233 cm), leaves and the number of formed buds (5.667 leaves, 4.667 bud/ plant biopsy respectively). The hormonal combinations BAP/ NAA led to an obvious increase in the studied parameters in comparison to hormonal combinations treatments BAP/ IAA and nutrition medium with BAP only treatments, whereas the hormonal combinations IAA/ NAA did not lead to an obvious increase in the number of leaves and formed buds in compare with nutrition medium with BAP only treatments. The best percentage of rooting (92.8%) was achieved in MS medium supplemented with (1 mg/ l IAA). 87% of the adapted produced plantlets from tissue culture were successfully moved and planted in soil.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83077663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.12.3.
Ahmed Talat Mohamed Ali Nemer, M. Mutwakil, M. Al-Matary
Poultry meat and meat products are the major sources of animal protein in the human diet throughout the world; however, they can be contaminated by various microorganisms. In this study, we isolated bacterial strains from chicken nuggets, chicken burgers, chicken franks, chicken balls, chicken kebab, chicken mince (frozen), and chicken mortadella purchased from two different retail stores located in Makkah. Bacterial strains were then characterized based on their biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. The isolates were also examined for their susceptibility to antibiotics. In this study, a total of fifty-one strains were isolated. Among them, forty-two strains were gram-positive and only nine strains were gram-negative bacteria. Thirty-two strains were oxidase-positive, and forty-two isolates were catalase-positive. 16S rRNA gene phylogeny showed that the bacteria belonged to sixteen genera, including Neisseria, Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Exiguobacterium, Rothia, Staphylococcus, Lysinibacillus, Kocuria, Sphingomonas, Novosphingobium, Enterococcus, Pelomonas, Paenibacillus, Klebsiella, Morganella, and Lactococcus. Bacterial strains responded differently against different antibiotics. The isolates A12 and A34 showed resistance to the highest number of antibiotics tested. Overall, the present study revealed that various poultry meat products in the studied area were contaminated by bacterial populations, and therefore, it is essential to investigate stores regularly to reduce microbial contamination in order to ensure public health.
{"title":"Microbial & Molecular Identification of Microbiota of Processed Chicken Products","authors":"Ahmed Talat Mohamed Ali Nemer, M. Mutwakil, M. Al-Matary","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.12.3.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.12.3.","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry meat and meat products are the major sources of animal protein in the human diet throughout the world; however, they can be contaminated by various microorganisms. In this study, we isolated bacterial strains from chicken nuggets, chicken burgers, chicken franks, chicken balls, chicken kebab, chicken mince (frozen), and chicken mortadella purchased from two different retail stores located in Makkah. Bacterial strains were then characterized based on their biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. The isolates were also examined for their susceptibility to antibiotics. In this study, a total of fifty-one strains were isolated. Among them, forty-two strains were gram-positive and only nine strains were gram-negative bacteria. Thirty-two strains were oxidase-positive, and forty-two isolates were catalase-positive. 16S rRNA gene phylogeny showed that the bacteria belonged to sixteen genera, including Neisseria, Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Exiguobacterium, Rothia, Staphylococcus, Lysinibacillus, Kocuria, Sphingomonas, Novosphingobium, Enterococcus, Pelomonas, Paenibacillus, Klebsiella, Morganella, and Lactococcus. Bacterial strains responded differently against different antibiotics. The isolates A12 and A34 showed resistance to the highest number of antibiotics tested. Overall, the present study revealed that various poultry meat products in the studied area were contaminated by bacterial populations, and therefore, it is essential to investigate stores regularly to reduce microbial contamination in order to ensure public health.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72704007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.11.1
M. Al-Sameen, Khalil Al-Ma’ari, Fahd Al-Bisky
This research was carried out in the Tissue Culture Lab of the National Commission of Biotechnology (NCBT) in Damascus/ Syria and in Faculty of Agriculture– Damascus University during 2018- 2019 to optimize an effective method for micropropagation of grape Vitis vinifera L. Explants of (0.5-1cm) with adjacent bud were planted in multiplying stage on MS medium contains different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 mg/ l ), with or without 0.2 mg/ l NAA or IAA. The multiplied explants transferred in comparison with MS medium without hormones (control) with different concentrations of IAA (1, 2, 4, 8 mg/ l) for its rooting stage. The results revealed that the hormone combinations (2 mg/ l BAP + 0.2 mg/ l NAA) had the highest average of the plant length (3.233 cm), leaves and the number of formed buds (5.667 leaves, 4.667 bud/ plant biopsy respectively). The hormonal combinations BAP/ NAA led to an obvious increase in the studied parameters in comparison to hormonal combinations treatments BAP/ IAA and nutrition medium with BAP only treatments, whereas the hormonal combinations IAA/ NAA did not lead to an obvious increase in the number of leaves and formed buds in compare with nutrition medium with BAP only treatments. The best percentage of rooting (92.8%) was achieved in MS medium supplemented with (1 mg/ l IAA). 87% of the adapted produced plantlets from tissue culture were successfully moved and planted in soil.
本研究进行了组织培养实验室的国家生物技术委员会(NCBT)在大马士革/叙利亚和农业学院-大马士革大学2018 - 2019年期间优化微体繁殖的一种有效方法葡萄葡萄l .外植体(0.5 - 1厘米)与相邻芽种植在增殖阶段在女士中含有不同浓度的软面包卷(0、0.5、1、1.5、2、3 mg / l),有或没有0.2 mg / l NAA或IAA。在不同浓度IAA(1、2、4、8 mg/ l)的条件下，将外植体移植到无激素的MS培养基(对照)进行生根期比较。结果表明，2 mg/ l BAP + 0.2 mg/ l NAA组合的植株平均长度(3.233 cm)、叶片和形成芽数(5.667个叶片，4.667个芽/株活检)最高。与激素组合处理BAP/ IAA和营养培养基单独处理BAP相比，激素组合BAP/ NAA使研究参数明显增加，而激素组合IAA/ NAA与营养培养基单独处理BAP相比，对叶片数量和芽形成数量的增加不明显。在添加(1 mg/ l IAA)的MS培养基中生根率最高，为92.8%。87%的组培苗成功移栽。
{"title":"Cryopreservation of grapevine shoot tips by frozen in vitro","authors":"M. Al-Sameen, Khalil Al-Ma’ari, Fahd Al-Bisky","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out in the Tissue Culture Lab of the National Commission of Biotechnology (NCBT) in Damascus/ Syria and in Faculty of Agriculture– Damascus University during 2018- 2019 to optimize an effective method for micropropagation of grape Vitis vinifera L. Explants of (0.5-1cm) with adjacent bud were planted in multiplying stage on MS medium contains different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 mg/ l ), with or without 0.2 mg/ l NAA or IAA. The multiplied explants transferred in comparison with MS medium without hormones (control) with different concentrations of IAA (1, 2, 4, 8 mg/ l) for its rooting stage. The results revealed that the hormone combinations (2 mg/ l BAP + 0.2 mg/ l NAA) had the highest average of the plant length (3.233 cm), leaves and the number of formed buds (5.667 leaves, 4.667 bud/ plant biopsy respectively). The hormonal combinations BAP/ NAA led to an obvious increase in the studied parameters in comparison to hormonal combinations treatments BAP/ IAA and nutrition medium with BAP only treatments, whereas the hormonal combinations IAA/ NAA did not lead to an obvious increase in the number of leaves and formed buds in compare with nutrition medium with BAP only treatments. The best percentage of rooting (92.8%) was achieved in MS medium supplemented with (1 mg/ l IAA). 87% of the adapted produced plantlets from tissue culture were successfully moved and planted in soil.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77064177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.10.1
Muhammad Irfan Said, E. Abustam, Hasma A, Muhammad Fatahillah Arifin, S. Sirajuddin, A. R. Al-Tawaha, A. Al-Tawaha
Research has been carried out to evaluate the growth dynamics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Lactobacillus plantarum (L.plantarum) using collagen extract (CE) from the broiler claw skin (BCS) as a substrate. The bacterial dynamics studied were related to total lactic acid (TLA) production, pH, dissolved protein (DP) and bacterial growth (BG) during the fermentation process. A total of 50 g of BCS was used with fermentation time (24; 48 and 72 hours). The results was showed that fermentation time using L.plantarum as a culture with CE from BCS as a substrate did not affect on bacterial dynamics (TLA, pH, dissolved protein and BG) during the fermentation process. Using L.plantarum with EC from BCS as substrate can be applied with 24 hours fermentation time. The bacterial dynamics produced by the fermentation time were 2.35±0.50%; 5.88±0.10; 45.60±2.21 mg/mL and 15.591±0.92 Log10 CFU/mL respectively.
{"title":"Effect of Fermentation Time on The Dynamics of Lactobacillus plantarum Bacteria using Collagen Extract from Broiler Claw Skin as a Substrate","authors":"Muhammad Irfan Said, E. Abustam, Hasma A, Muhammad Fatahillah Arifin, S. Sirajuddin, A. R. Al-Tawaha, A. Al-Tawaha","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"Research has been carried out to evaluate the growth dynamics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Lactobacillus plantarum (L.plantarum) using collagen extract (CE) from the broiler claw skin (BCS) as a substrate. The bacterial dynamics studied were related to total lactic acid (TLA) production, pH, dissolved protein (DP) and bacterial growth (BG) during the fermentation process. A total of 50 g of BCS was used with fermentation time (24; 48 and 72 hours). The results was showed that fermentation time using L.plantarum as a culture with CE from BCS as a substrate did not affect on bacterial dynamics (TLA, pH, dissolved protein and BG) during the fermentation process. Using L.plantarum with EC from BCS as substrate can be applied with 24 hours fermentation time. The bacterial dynamics produced by the fermentation time were 2.35±0.50%; 5.88±0.10; 45.60±2.21 mg/mL and 15.591±0.92 Log10 CFU/mL respectively.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80275211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.9.1
Maryam Sultan Al-Nahdi, Fotoon Sayegh
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) consider a global environmental problem. A massive fish death occurred in two coastal Red Sea lagoons: Al-Nawras and Al-Arbaeen (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia), and the main cause was associated to bloom of microalgal Chrysochromulina species which can feed on bacteria (phagotrophic). There are bacterial strains that capable of inhibiting or lysing HAB species by producing algicidal substances. On another hand, the resistant of pathogenic bacteria to drugs have become a critical global threat. Thus, finding an effective alternative solution is essential, especially that taken advantage of the phagocytosis in Chrysochromulina and applied on pathogenic bacteria has not been studied enough yet. The aim of the article is to understanding the relationship that occur between Chrysochromulina and bacteria.
{"title":"Feeding and bioremediation relationships between Chrysochromulina species and bacteria","authors":"Maryam Sultan Al-Nahdi, Fotoon Sayegh","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.9.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.9.1","url":null,"abstract":"Harmful algal blooms (HABs) consider a global environmental problem. A massive fish death occurred in two coastal Red Sea lagoons: Al-Nawras and Al-Arbaeen (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia), and the main cause was associated to bloom of microalgal Chrysochromulina species which can feed on bacteria (phagotrophic). There are bacterial strains that capable of inhibiting or lysing HAB species by producing algicidal substances. On another hand, the resistant of pathogenic bacteria to drugs have become a critical global threat. Thus, finding an effective alternative solution is essential, especially that taken advantage of the phagocytosis in Chrysochromulina and applied on pathogenic bacteria has not been studied enough yet. The aim of the article is to understanding the relationship that occur between Chrysochromulina and bacteria.","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89131173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.7.1
I. Rasyid, S. Sirajuddin, Hastang H, Nirwana N
This study aimed to determine the ability of farmers to supply corn to village collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi province. This study was conducted from August to November 2018. This study used descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics. The results showed that the activities of farmers in supply chain activities on the exchange function, namely selling corn to village collectors, and doing planting, maintenance and harvesting, in the physical function of farmers doing shelling corn and carrying shelled corn in sacks that can hold 70 kg 80 kg. In the facility function, farmers receive financing from village collectors, and seek information on corn prices in order to compare market prices with the established price transaction or payment system for corn and farmers are ready to bear the risk in case of corn harvest failure
{"title":"Farmers' Ability to Supply Corn to Village Collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia","authors":"I. Rasyid, S. Sirajuddin, Hastang H, Nirwana N","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.7.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the ability of farmers to supply corn to village collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi province. This study was conducted from August to November 2018. This study used descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics. The results showed that the activities of farmers in supply chain activities on the exchange function, namely selling corn to village collectors, and doing planting, maintenance and harvesting, in the physical function of farmers doing shelling corn and carrying shelled corn in sacks that can hold 70 kg 80 kg. In the facility function, farmers receive financing from village collectors, and seek information on corn prices in order to compare market prices with the established price transaction or payment system for corn and farmers are ready to bear the risk in case of corn harvest failure","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90798894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2021.15.6.1
Faraj Abdullah Al-Ghamd, Abdulrahaman Saeed Hajer, Hassan Saeed Al Zahran, Rashed Musaed Al Sabehi
Pollen morphology of 21 ornamental plants belonging to 20 genera occurring in Jeddah province public gardens were studied. This study aimed to observe and describe the pollen morphology using LM. This investigation presented an examination of the morphology of pollen, and was described in detail using the following parameters: pollen size, pollen shape, apertures, pollen surface, pollen unit, pollen symmetry, polarity, with calculations of the polar axis (P), equatorial axis (E) and P/E ratio. It may very useful identification and classification of pollen grain of ornamental plants. So principal pollen characters for each plant were provided in tables, which give indication of the importance of palynology in separation and delimitation of taxa
{"title":"http://www.aensiweb.net/AENSIWEB/aeb/aeb_June_2021.html","authors":"Faraj Abdullah Al-Ghamd, Abdulrahaman Saeed Hajer, Hassan Saeed Al Zahran, Rashed Musaed Al Sabehi","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2021.15.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"Pollen morphology of 21 ornamental plants belonging to 20 genera occurring in Jeddah province public gardens were studied. This study aimed to observe and describe the pollen morphology using LM. This investigation presented an examination of the morphology of pollen, and was described in detail using the following parameters: pollen size, pollen shape, apertures, pollen surface, pollen unit, pollen symmetry, polarity, with calculations of the polar axis (P), equatorial axis (E) and P/E ratio. It may very useful identification and classification of pollen grain of ornamental plants. So principal pollen characters for each plant were provided in tables, which give indication of the importance of palynology in separation and delimitation of taxa","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74163430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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