Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.11.1
{"title":"The benefit of compost on the growth of medicinal plant\u0000Brucea javanica (L.) Merr under drought stress","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74931675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.8
{"title":"Supply Chain and Gender Relations in Ornamental Plants\u0000Business of CV. Malino Florist","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79655561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.3.3
M. Pang, Yesudian Aaron, S. Koay, J. H. Low, H. Choo, K. Tshai
INTRODUCTION Durian husk or skin is the waste product after the consumption of the durian fruit, which is known by local as the “King of fruits” [1]. The disposal of durian husk especially in landfill has caused various environmental issues such as soil contamination and disease spreading. The utilization of the natural fiber obtained from durian husk is seen as a potential solution to reduce the waste disposal and to diversify the usage of agricultural waste. The natural fiber is more eco-friendly and is seen as a suitable replacement for synthetic fiber. The natural fiber is lightweight, non-abrasive, renewability and biodegradability, which found applications in many fields ranging from a consumer product to the automotive industry. The examples of natural fibers are fruit fibers, wood, silk, ramie, jute, hemp, kenaf, sisal, coir, flax and bamboo [2]. The natural fiber obtained from agricultural waste such as durian skin fiber (DSF) is inexpensive and can be used as a reinforcement agent in a polymer matrix to form biocomposite. Biocomposite can be referred to a multi-phase material in which reinforcement fillers are added and integrated into a polymer matrix, resulting in synergistic properties that cannot be achieved from either component alone [3]. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most common biopolymers which is derived from a renewable resource. PLA has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as high strength, high modulus, compostable and regarded as a safe material for food packaging application [4]. However, the disadvantages of the PLA are having low thermal stability and low elongation property. Previous works have been carried out to improve the performance of the PLA by adding reinforcement agent or filler to form biocomposites. Sun et al. [5] reported the good interfacial adhesion between the PLA and treated coir fiber was attributed to the pretreatment of fiber, which led to the improvement in tensile modulus and impact strength. According to Koay et al. [6], the addition of untreated DSF increased the tensile strength and modulus of the recycled polystyrene foam/DSF composites but decreased the elongation at break. The good interfacial adhesion between the natural fibers and the matrix is important for the superior properties, and this can be achieved via physical or chemical methods. Physical methods include plasma and heat treatment of natural fiber. Meanwhile, chemical methods include alkaline treatment, acetylation and the use of coupling agent [7]. In this study, DSF was obtained from durian husk and treated with an alkaline solution (sodium hydroxide) to remove lignin, hemicellulose, wax, and oil covering the external surface of the fiber cell wall [8]. The chemical composition of the DSF was Abstract
{"title":"Soil Burial, Hygrothermal and Morphology of Durian Skin Fiber Filled Polylactic Acid Biocomposites","authors":"M. Pang, Yesudian Aaron, S. Koay, J. H. Low, H. Choo, K. Tshai","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Durian husk or skin is the waste product after the consumption of the durian fruit, which is known by local as the “King of fruits” [1]. The disposal of durian husk especially in landfill has caused various environmental issues such as soil contamination and disease spreading. The utilization of the natural fiber obtained from durian husk is seen as a potential solution to reduce the waste disposal and to diversify the usage of agricultural waste. The natural fiber is more eco-friendly and is seen as a suitable replacement for synthetic fiber. The natural fiber is lightweight, non-abrasive, renewability and biodegradability, which found applications in many fields ranging from a consumer product to the automotive industry. The examples of natural fibers are fruit fibers, wood, silk, ramie, jute, hemp, kenaf, sisal, coir, flax and bamboo [2]. The natural fiber obtained from agricultural waste such as durian skin fiber (DSF) is inexpensive and can be used as a reinforcement agent in a polymer matrix to form biocomposite. Biocomposite can be referred to a multi-phase material in which reinforcement fillers are added and integrated into a polymer matrix, resulting in synergistic properties that cannot be achieved from either component alone [3]. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most common biopolymers which is derived from a renewable resource. PLA has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as high strength, high modulus, compostable and regarded as a safe material for food packaging application [4]. However, the disadvantages of the PLA are having low thermal stability and low elongation property. Previous works have been carried out to improve the performance of the PLA by adding reinforcement agent or filler to form biocomposites. Sun et al. [5] reported the good interfacial adhesion between the PLA and treated coir fiber was attributed to the pretreatment of fiber, which led to the improvement in tensile modulus and impact strength. According to Koay et al. [6], the addition of untreated DSF increased the tensile strength and modulus of the recycled polystyrene foam/DSF composites but decreased the elongation at break. The good interfacial adhesion between the natural fibers and the matrix is important for the superior properties, and this can be achieved via physical or chemical methods. Physical methods include plasma and heat treatment of natural fiber. Meanwhile, chemical methods include alkaline treatment, acetylation and the use of coupling agent [7]. In this study, DSF was obtained from durian husk and treated with an alkaline solution (sodium hydroxide) to remove lignin, hemicellulose, wax, and oil covering the external surface of the fiber cell wall [8]. The chemical composition of the DSF was Abstract","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89429809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.2.2
{"title":"Molecular and Microbial Studies Survey for Camel Udder Microbiota","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83749079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.7.1
{"title":"Biological Activity of Moringa oleifera Lam. on Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) in Sustainable Agriculture practices","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.7.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87202808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.1
{"title":"Treatment of Synthetic Dairy Wastewater Using Disposed\u0000Plastic Materials as Trickling Filter Media: Optimization and\u0000Statistical Analysis by RSM","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"98 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77752985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.4
{"title":"Transaction Costs of the Striped Buffalo Market in the North\u0000Toraja Regency","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.10.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75640300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.7.2
{"title":"Characteristics and Utilizatation of PVA/Mn Ploymer Nanocomposite as the Schottky","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.7.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.7.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76685358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.1.5
D. N. Ezikanyi, Gloria H Sakwari, P. Burt
Allergic diseases are triggered or exacerbated by contact or inhalation of pollen, fungal spores, dust mites, insect debris, animal epithelial cells, and some foods and substances [1]. People are exposed throughout life to allergens directly (externally) or after they enter their bodies (by inhalation or ingestion) [2]. Of these, airborne pollen and spores are the most dominant, pervasive, respirable and potent sources of allergen present in the indoor and outdoor atmosphere [3,4]. Pollen and spores allergen belong to Type One hypersensitivity [5]. Their proteins are immune modulatory substances, which play crucial roles in the sensitization and/or exacerbation of allergies such as seasonal allergic rhinitis, eczema/dermatitis, conjunctivitis, rhinoconjuctivitis, asthma, bronchial constriction and obstruction, pollinosis and aspergillosis [6]. It has been clearly demonstrated that exposure to indoor and outdoor airborne fungal spores, hyphal fragments or metabolites can cause a variety of respiratory diseases and also associated with poor control of asthma [7,8,9]. In the 21 st Century, allergic disorders have become a health problem of global significance, affecting all ages and ethnic backgrounds [10]. For the past 40 years the prevalence of asthma has in general increased and is still increasing worldwide in parallel with other indices of allergy [11]. The increase in allergic disorders, such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis covers up to 30 % of the world’s population [12]. About 10–30 % of the world’s population is affected by allergic rhinitis and more than 300 million are affected by asthma [13]. Abstract
{"title":"Weather variability in a decade and its current impact on airborne pollen and spores in Nsukka, Nigeria","authors":"D. N. Ezikanyi, Gloria H Sakwari, P. Burt","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Allergic diseases are triggered or exacerbated by contact or inhalation of pollen, fungal spores, dust mites, insect debris, animal epithelial cells, and some foods and substances [1]. People are exposed throughout life to allergens directly (externally) or after they enter their bodies (by inhalation or ingestion) [2]. Of these, airborne pollen and spores are the most dominant, pervasive, respirable and potent sources of allergen present in the indoor and outdoor atmosphere [3,4]. Pollen and spores allergen belong to Type One hypersensitivity [5]. Their proteins are immune modulatory substances, which play crucial roles in the sensitization and/or exacerbation of allergies such as seasonal allergic rhinitis, eczema/dermatitis, conjunctivitis, rhinoconjuctivitis, asthma, bronchial constriction and obstruction, pollinosis and aspergillosis [6]. It has been clearly demonstrated that exposure to indoor and outdoor airborne fungal spores, hyphal fragments or metabolites can cause a variety of respiratory diseases and also associated with poor control of asthma [7,8,9]. In the 21 st Century, allergic disorders have become a health problem of global significance, affecting all ages and ethnic backgrounds [10]. For the past 40 years the prevalence of asthma has in general increased and is still increasing worldwide in parallel with other indices of allergy [11]. The increase in allergic disorders, such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis covers up to 30 % of the world’s population [12]. About 10–30 % of the world’s population is affected by allergic rhinitis and more than 300 million are affected by asthma [13]. Abstract","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76698913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22587/aeb.2019.13.12.2
{"title":"VFA Concentration, Ammonia And pH Value In Vivo Ransum\u0000Rument System Made From Rice Fermentation Of Lamtoro\u0000Leaves, Gamal Leaves And Indigofera Leaves","authors":"","doi":"10.22587/aeb.2019.13.12.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2019.13.12.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7250,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Biology","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77118619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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