Comprehensive child and adolescent nursing最新文献

Globally, children have been adversely affected by the wide variety of impacts of SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus | COVID-19). Vulnerable children who depend on the support of education and health and social care systems were left unprotected as these systems were weakened by the pandemic. COVID-19 has exposed the already fragile situations in which many children and young people live and that thousands of children and young people would need ongoing support but remained invisible to statutory authorities. COVID-19 has also been a stark reminder of the vulnerability of individuals and societies and it has exposed deep divisions, inequalities, and injustices between different countries and groups of people. M'Lop Tapang is a local nonprofit organization registered with the Royal Government of Cambodia. This report discusses the efforts of M'Lop Tapang following the declaration of the COVID-19 global pandemic in early 2020, to address the local community needs; to ensure the voices of children remained heard; and to promote children's rights remaining a priority throughout the remainder of the pandemic.What is already known on this topicVulnerable children are dependent on remaining visible to education and health and social care systems to ensure they are safeguarded and protected.Poor safety, financial instability, unemployment, challenges to children's rights and displacement all have the potential to increase vulnerabilities and intensify inequalities.The COVID-19 global pandemic has widened the global lens for the nursing profession and to effect change, children's nurses need to think globally and act locally.What this study addsThis study provides insights into the challenges faced by children and families in Sihanoukville, Cambodia, during the early part of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19) pandemic in 2020-2021.The economic impact of COVID-19 on children and families living in Sihanoukville, Cambodia, between 2020 and 2021 is reviewed.The learning from the pragmatic and rapid interventions of M'Lop Tapang, Sihanoukville during the early phase of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, are of use in other countries around the world in future epidemic or pandemic situations.

This paper focuses on an innovative approach to preparing children and young people, with Spina Bifida, to move from child-centered to adult-oriented healthcare systems. Reflecting on our role in delivering a national nurse led service, we set to identify and critique international transition tools in use for this population. Specifically, we aimed to identify the core capabilities and indicators of progression to successful transition, so that holistic interventions could be planned to match the needs of individuals and their carers. There were two phases to the study, initially focusing on a systematic literature review on transition tools and the specific items that these tools captured, including skills, abilities and behaviors. Phase two culminated in the articulation of a segmented and incremental "road map", aligned with facets deemed essential for a successful healthcare transition. The reporting of the literature review (phase one) followed the PRISMA guidelines and shaped the qualitative element of the study (phase two) through the use of semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. The search strategy yielded 11 studies, which were then manually searched for other relevant literature, adding a further 14 articles. The review analyzed 7 specific tools for spina bifida and 8 generic tools, which were deemed appropriate for this group of patients. A comprehensive list of core capabilities was then articulated and framed to fit a progression timeline. Specific interventions were formulated to explore ways to co-produce resources that could enhance and support a planned transition to adult-focused services. Our proposed mapping of capabilities and progression could shape other transition programs, where nurses work collaboratively with young people, carers and other members of a team. More work is needed to further explore and embed the framework that, as we did, could be digitized and shared with all stakeholders involved in the transition process.

This cross-sectional study examined the effect of sleep disturbance and eating disorders on metabolic control in adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. The study was conducted with adolescents with T1DM treated at a university hospital in Turkey between October 2023 and January 2024. The study sample consisted of 120 adolescents with T1DM between the ages of 10-18. Data were collected online using the Adolescent Information Form, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), and DSM-5 Sleep Disorder Scale (SDS). Mean, percentage, and regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Ethics committee, institutional permission and written permission from the adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and their parents were obtained for the study. In the current study, sleep disturbance and eating disorders explained 38.5% and 40.2% of HbA1c, respectively, and were found to have a significant effect (respectively: F = 73.737, p ≤ .001; F = 19.353, p ≤ .001). This study provides evidence that eating disorders and sleep disturbance explain approximately half of HbA1c. The results of the study revealed that sleep disturbance and eating disorders were significant predictors of metabolic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic, complex medical condition associated with higher rates of anxiety in adolescents. Higher rates of anxiety are associated with poorer glycemic control. Although technological advancements have been made to improve self-management of glycemia, few technological interventions aim to mitigate anxiety symptoms. Adolescents frequently use technology every day for school and socialization in addition to management of glycemia. Technology has not yet been leveraged to provide evidence-based interventions, such as mindfulness, for anxiety symptoms and other psychosocial comorbidity in adolescents with T1D. We aimed to examine technology preferences in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, their experiences with mindfulness practices, and their perceived acceptability of a mobile health application delivering mindfulness training. Twenty participants aged 14 to 17 years old with T1D participated in this qualitative descriptive study. Interview transcripts were organized using the ATLAS.ti software version 8 and coded using an in vivo approach and thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics regarding participant demographics and hemoglobin A1c levels were analyzed using SAS statistical software version 9.2. Findings supported heavy technology use, limited experience with mindfulness, and positive receptivity regarding an app that delivered a mindfulness training program specifically for adolescents with T1D. Thus, a mobile health application may be a feasible and acceptable way to deliver an evidence-based psychosocial intervention to this vulnerable population.

This study aimed to identify the social care support provided by life story work and children's family relationships for children with disabilities in medical-type residential care facilities for children in Japan and the challenges thereof. The participants were 12 staff from residential care facilities for children with disabilities experienced in providing ongoing support to children admitted for social care purposes. Semi-constructive interviews on the life story work and support for family relationships practiced with children admitted to a residential care facility for children with disabilities for social care were conducted with the participants. The interviews were recorded and analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in 32 codes, 10 sub-themes, and four main themes. The main themes were family form, children's thoughts on their family, support for family relationships, and readiness for life story work. In some cases, children were not informed about their negative situation, that is, the reason for admission or their family situation. This was due to the lack of a unified view on life story work among staff and insufficient organizational readiness. The results suggest the need for a unified understanding throughout the organization, as well as the need to disseminate the methodology of life story work for children with disabilities.

Experiencing bereavement as a child or young person (CYP) can have long-lasting effects. The societal and environmental burdens of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic exacerbated the experience of loss and grief for many CYP, who were unable to access their usual the support networks. However, it is still unclear what is currently known and not known about the experiences of CYP bereaved during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This review used the framework of Arksey and O'Malley and included five stages: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) study selection; (4) charting the data; (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. The methodological quality of the included studies was also assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. The PRISMA framework was used for reporting the results. The electronic databases Medline, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and PubMed were searched for relevant articles. A total of three papers meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this review and two main themes identified: (1) support (which included sub-themes; social isolation and the impact on support; support from family and friends; wider support networks); (2) Emotional impact of bereavement during a pandemic. Access to support networks is crucial for CYP to understand and process their emotions relating to their bereavement experience. The pandemic meant that many usual support networks such as family and friends were inaccessible to CYP, who struggled to deal with their experience of grief during this time. Schools are a valuable support mechanism and can help CYP understand their emotions through open discussions about their bereavement. The limited empirical evidence currently available in this area of research demonstrates an important need to further understanding of the long-term impacts of dealing with pandemic-related loss in childhood.

This research was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study to determine the effects of nursing students' liking of children and attitudes toward clinical practice on their comfort and worry levels in the pediatric clinic. The research was carried out with 270 nursing students who had already taken or were taking the child health and diseases nursing course. Data were collected using a Nursing Student Information Form, the Barnett Liking of Children Scale, the Nursing Students' Attitudes toward Clinical Practices Scale, and the Pediatric Nursing Student Clinical Comfort and Worry Assessment Tool. Mean values, percentage calculations, and linear regression analysis were used for the analysis of the research data. Participants' mean scores were 52.30 ± 6.16 on the Barnett Liking of Children Scale, 103.72 ± 19.35 on the Nursing Students' Attitudes toward Clinical Practices Scale, 15.61 ± 3.74 on the comfort sub-dimension, and 11.63 ± 4.32 on the worry sub-dimension of the Pediatric Nursing Student Clinical Comfort and Worry Assessment Tool. It was determined that the liking of children and attitudes toward clinical practice explained 43.6% of the clinical comfort level of pediatric nursing students in Model 1 and 45.2% of their clinical worry level in Model 2. It was determined that the liking of children and attitudes toward clinical practice significantly affected the comfort and worry levels of nursing students in the pediatric clinic.

Background: A growing body of conceptual evidence over the last decade has increased our understanding of parents' experiences of having an infant with complex congenital heart disease. These concepts include parents' feelings of uncertainty, fear, excitement, and mastery. However, little is known about parents' experiences, confidence, and knowledge acquisition during transition from hospital to home with their infant after the first stage of complex cardiac surgery. A theoretical framework to assess, plan and implement child and family centered care would assist children's cardiac nurses responsible for parental education, discharge planning and coordination.

Aim: To explore parents' experiences of the transition from hospital to home with their infant, following the first stage of cardiac surgery.

Design: A prospective mixed methods longitudinal design. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken, including administration of the Maternal Confidence Questionnaire at four timepoints: before discharge following stage one cardiac surgery (T0), 2 weeks' post discharge (T1), 8 weeks' post discharge (T2) and after stage two surgery (T3). Qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample and non-parametric repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze changes over time in maternal confidence scores.

Results: Sixteen parents of 12 infants participated. Four "patterns of transition experience" emerged, the fourth "Mastery", is discussed in this paper. Mastery can be contextualized in terms of the parents' journeys of knowledge construction, gaining confidence and reflection. Learning was dynamic and transformational, but successful learning and acquisition of knowledge was also dependent upon the parents' ability to absorb, integrate and adjust at any given time. Confidence at T0 was significantly lower than at T1 (p = .011), T2 (p = .018) and T3 (p = .012). There were no significant differences between scores at T1, T2 and T3. Liminality, as a concept, described the between and betwixt time that parents experienced as they were preparing for discharge from hospital; excitement to be going home balanced with the fear of being alone and confidence in looking after their fragile infant.

Conclusion: Parents of infants with complex congenital heart disease obtain knowledge, confidence, and mastery dependent upon their transition experience and their personal journey through pre-liminal, liminal, and post-liminal phases of discharge from hospital to home. A conceptual framework "Parenting through Transitions - hospital to home" emerged that could assist in structuring assessment of parents' knowledge and support needs within a coordinated discharge process. Identifying individualized support would promote adaptation and adjustment during transition from the pre

This research was planned to determine the effect of breastfeeding on newborns' behavioral pain and comfort scores during heel blood collection. A pretest/posttest experimental-control group design was used. The research was conducted between August 2021 and June 2022. A total of 50 newborns, including 25 in each of the experimental and control groups, were included in the study. An Infant Descriptive Information Form, the COMFORTneo Behaviour Scale, the NIPS-Neonatal Infant Pain Scale, and the LATCH Breastfeeding Diagnosis and Assessment Tool were used in the study. The comfort behaviors and pain scores of infants in the experimental and control groups were evaluated during the heel blood collection process. The comparison of the comfort behaviors (comfort, pain, and distress), differences between pretest-posttest scores on the NIPPS pain score, and crying duration of the newborns in the experimental and control groups indicated a significant difference (p 0.05). The intra-group differences between the mean pretest and posttest scores of both the intervention and control groups were found to be statistically significant (p 0.05). Breastfeeding is an important nursing intervention for reducing procedural pain in newborns. The breastfeeding method reduces pain and distress and increases comfort for newborns during the heel blood collection process.