Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, including an estimated 570,000 deaths in 2015. More than 1.5 million women (25% of all women with cancer) are diagnosed with BC every year worldwide. BC is a metastatic cancer and usually spreads to distant organs such as bone, liver, lungs and the brain. Early detection of the disease can lead to better prognosis and higher survival rates. After genome sequencing, DNA microarray analysis has become the most widely used source of genome scale data in life sciences. Microarray's definition studies produce a large number of genetic expression and other genomics performance data, which promises to provide key information on genetic functioning and interaction within and within metabolic pathways. Aim: Prediction and functional enrichment of significant genes expressed in Breast Cancer. Materials and Methods: Microarray data for this study were downloaded from NCBI gene expression omnibus (GEO) database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo), with accession number of GSE157737. It includes four different kind sets of samples, i.e., healthy control neutrophils, healthy donor monocytes, metastatic BC patient G-myeloid-derived suppressor cell (G-MDSCs) and sepsis patient G-MDSCs. The statistical method was applied to identify the differentially expressed gene (DEGs) using Limma package and significant analysis of microarray (SAM) test. Results: The top ten DEGs were identified between different sample sets using Limma package. Out of 32,321 genes, 93 genes were identified to be the significant genes through SAM test. The functional annotation of significant genes was done using different databases such as gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Database for Annotation, Visualisation and Integrated Discovery. Significant genes were found to be enriched in haematopoietic cell lineage pathway and the cancer-causing pathway. Conclusions: This research identifies the important genes that have function in BC and regulation of such genes and pathway can be a potential treatment for the BC and prevent the tumour growth.
{"title":"Integrative computational approach for gene expression profiling of metastatic breast cancer","authors":"Aaliya Ashraf, R. Yadav","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_5_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_5_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, including an estimated 570,000 deaths in 2015. More than 1.5 million women (25% of all women with cancer) are diagnosed with BC every year worldwide. BC is a metastatic cancer and usually spreads to distant organs such as bone, liver, lungs and the brain. Early detection of the disease can lead to better prognosis and higher survival rates. After genome sequencing, DNA microarray analysis has become the most widely used source of genome scale data in life sciences. Microarray's definition studies produce a large number of genetic expression and other genomics performance data, which promises to provide key information on genetic functioning and interaction within and within metabolic pathways. Aim: Prediction and functional enrichment of significant genes expressed in Breast Cancer. Materials and Methods: Microarray data for this study were downloaded from NCBI gene expression omnibus (GEO) database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo), with accession number of GSE157737. It includes four different kind sets of samples, i.e., healthy control neutrophils, healthy donor monocytes, metastatic BC patient G-myeloid-derived suppressor cell (G-MDSCs) and sepsis patient G-MDSCs. The statistical method was applied to identify the differentially expressed gene (DEGs) using Limma package and significant analysis of microarray (SAM) test. Results: The top ten DEGs were identified between different sample sets using Limma package. Out of 32,321 genes, 93 genes were identified to be the significant genes through SAM test. The functional annotation of significant genes was done using different databases such as gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Database for Annotation, Visualisation and Integrated Discovery. Significant genes were found to be enriched in haematopoietic cell lineage pathway and the cancer-causing pathway. Conclusions: This research identifies the important genes that have function in BC and regulation of such genes and pathway can be a potential treatment for the BC and prevent the tumour growth.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"100 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85538104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_134_22
Rishikesh Dessai, A. Yadav, A. Garg
Background: Enteric fever is a major public health problem; the burden of disease worldwide is approximately 11.9–26.9 million cases and 129,000–217,000 deaths each year. The burden of disease in India is approximately 6 million per year. Enteric fever is caused by Gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A, B or C, which is a bloodstream infection. The re-emergence of susceptibility of old antibiotics such as ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, and chloramphenicol in S. typhi has been observed. Aims: The objective of the study was to study the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of S. typhi, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B and also the clinical and laboratory profile of enteric fever with respect to blood counts, liver function tests and typhoid serology in adult patients with enteric fever. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine and Microbiology at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in 76 adult patients of blood culture-positive enteric fever. Clinical and laboratory profile of patients was recorded. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns were studied in all cases and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains, if the present was established. Results: The mean age in this study was 31.46 + 11.29 years. There were 46 male patients and 30 female patients. Fever was present amongst all patients (100%). Myalgia/headache was present amongst the majority of patients (98.7%). Pain in the abdomen (57.9%) was present. Leucopenia and leucocytosis were present in 25% and 2.6% of patients, respectively. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were abnormal amongst 36.8% and 38.2% of patients, respectively. Complications, such as ileal perforation and gastrointestinal (GI) bleed, were not seen in the patients of enteric fever in this study. Typhidot IgM was positive in 50% of patients. S. typhi (blood culture) was amongst more than half of the patients (69.7%) and S. paratyphi A was 30.3%. Ampicillin was resistant to 5.3% and chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole each were resistant to 2.6%. Levofloxacin was resistant to 38.2%. Ceftriaxone, azithromycin and cefixime were sensitive to 100%. Multidrug resistance (resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole) was seen in 2.6% of cases, which was associated with S. typhi. There was no multidrug resistant (MDR) strain seen with S. paratyphi A. Conclusions: This study showed that fever, myalgia/headache, pain in the abdomen, nausea/vomiting and diarrhoea were the common clinical manifestations of enteric fever. Other important conclusions were low percentages of comorbidities, low occurrence of leucocytosis, high typhidot IgM positivity, low MDR and most of the drugs were 100% sensitive. Ileal perforation and GI bleeding were not found in any case of enteric fever in this study.
背景:肠热是一个重大的公共卫生问题;全世界每年的疾病负担约为1190万至2690万例，死亡12.9万至21.7万例。印度每年的疾病负担约为600万人。肠热是由革兰氏阴性菌伤寒沙门氏菌或副伤寒沙门氏菌A、B或C引起的，这是一种血液感染。观察到伤寒沙门氏菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、氯霉素等旧抗生素的敏感性重新出现。目的:研究伤寒沙门氏菌、甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌和乙型副伤寒沙门氏菌的抗生素敏感性模式，以及成年肠炎患者的血球计数、肝功能检查和伤寒血清学的临床和实验室概况。材料和方法:研究在Sir Ganga Ram医院内科和微生物科进行，研究对象为76例血培养阳性肠热成年患者。记录患者的临床和实验室资料。研究了所有病例的抗生素敏感性模式和多重耐药菌株的流行情况，如果目前是确定的。结果:本组患者平均年龄31.46 + 11.29岁。男46例，女30例。所有患者均有发热(100%)。大多数患者(98.7%)存在肌痛/头痛。腹部疼痛(57.9%)。白细胞减少和白细胞增多分别出现在25%和2.6%的患者中。血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶异常分别为36.8%和38.2%。本研究未见肠热患者出现回肠穿孔和胃肠道出血等并发症。50%的患者IgM阳性。半数以上患者感染伤寒沙门氏菌(血培养)，占69.7%;甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌占30.3%。氨苄西林耐药5.3%，氯霉素和复方新诺明各耐药2.6%。左氧氟沙星耐药率为38.2%。头孢曲松、阿奇霉素和头孢克肟的敏感性为100%。2.6%的病例出现多药耐药(对氨苄西林、氯霉素和复方新诺明耐药)，这与伤寒沙门氏菌有关。结论:本研究显示发热、肌痛/头痛、腹痛、恶心/呕吐和腹泻是肠炎热的常见临床表现。其他重要结论是合并症发生率低，白细胞增多症发生率低，伤寒IgM阳性高，耐多药率低，大多数药物100%敏感。本研究未发现任何一例肠热患者出现回肠穿孔和胃肠道出血。
{"title":"Clinico-microbiological profile of adults with enteric fever","authors":"Rishikesh Dessai, A. Yadav, A. Garg","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_134_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_134_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enteric fever is a major public health problem; the burden of disease worldwide is approximately 11.9–26.9 million cases and 129,000–217,000 deaths each year. The burden of disease in India is approximately 6 million per year. Enteric fever is caused by Gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A, B or C, which is a bloodstream infection. The re-emergence of susceptibility of old antibiotics such as ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, and chloramphenicol in S. typhi has been observed. Aims: The objective of the study was to study the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of S. typhi, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B and also the clinical and laboratory profile of enteric fever with respect to blood counts, liver function tests and typhoid serology in adult patients with enteric fever. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine and Microbiology at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in 76 adult patients of blood culture-positive enteric fever. Clinical and laboratory profile of patients was recorded. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns were studied in all cases and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains, if the present was established. Results: The mean age in this study was 31.46 + 11.29 years. There were 46 male patients and 30 female patients. Fever was present amongst all patients (100%). Myalgia/headache was present amongst the majority of patients (98.7%). Pain in the abdomen (57.9%) was present. Leucopenia and leucocytosis were present in 25% and 2.6% of patients, respectively. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were abnormal amongst 36.8% and 38.2% of patients, respectively. Complications, such as ileal perforation and gastrointestinal (GI) bleed, were not seen in the patients of enteric fever in this study. Typhidot IgM was positive in 50% of patients. S. typhi (blood culture) was amongst more than half of the patients (69.7%) and S. paratyphi A was 30.3%. Ampicillin was resistant to 5.3% and chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole each were resistant to 2.6%. Levofloxacin was resistant to 38.2%. Ceftriaxone, azithromycin and cefixime were sensitive to 100%. Multidrug resistance (resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole) was seen in 2.6% of cases, which was associated with S. typhi. There was no multidrug resistant (MDR) strain seen with S. paratyphi A. Conclusions: This study showed that fever, myalgia/headache, pain in the abdomen, nausea/vomiting and diarrhoea were the common clinical manifestations of enteric fever. Other important conclusions were low percentages of comorbidities, low occurrence of leucocytosis, high typhidot IgM positivity, low MDR and most of the drugs were 100% sensitive. Ileal perforation and GI bleeding were not found in any case of enteric fever in this study.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"32 1","pages":"124 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85484913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of maintaining medical records has been well proved and is evident by the advances in this field over the centuries, but in spite of this, record maintenance in India is poor. In this article, we discuss the history of medical record maintenance worldwide and in India as well as its importance. We finally describe our own experience in record maintenance over the last 26 years which was done in a resource-poor setting.
{"title":"26 years of experience in medical records from 1996 to 2022","authors":"S. Jena, Parmanand Tiwari, S. Nundy","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_37_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_37_23","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of maintaining medical records has been well proved and is evident by the advances in this field over the centuries, but in spite of this, record maintenance in India is poor. In this article, we discuss the history of medical record maintenance worldwide and in India as well as its importance. We finally describe our own experience in record maintenance over the last 26 years which was done in a resource-poor setting.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"195 1","pages":"131 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75121418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease (AOXGD) is a group of rare syndromes, involving the periorbital and ocular tissues. We present details of a case of adult-onset xanthogranuloma (AOX) and the management strategy employed in a positive outcome. AOX is the least common variant of AOXGD without any significant systemic involvement. The significance of this entity is that it is often self-limited and is localised to the eye (anterior orbit), with good prognosis. We have kept surgery as our viable primary option in patients presenting late with functional problems and severe cosmetic deformity. In cases with disfiguring lesions and late presentation, the best therapeutic approach is complete excision biopsy and reconstruction with local flaps and full-thickness skin graft. Level of Evidence: Level V, Case report.
{"title":"Surgery as an option in adult onset Xanthogranuloma","authors":"Nikhil Jhunjhunwala, S. Saha","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_1_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_1_22","url":null,"abstract":"Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease (AOXGD) is a group of rare syndromes, involving the periorbital and ocular tissues. We present details of a case of adult-onset xanthogranuloma (AOX) and the management strategy employed in a positive outcome. AOX is the least common variant of AOXGD without any significant systemic involvement. The significance of this entity is that it is often self-limited and is localised to the eye (anterior orbit), with good prognosis. We have kept surgery as our viable primary option in patients presenting late with functional problems and severe cosmetic deformity. In cases with disfiguring lesions and late presentation, the best therapeutic approach is complete excision biopsy and reconstruction with local flaps and full-thickness skin graft. Level of Evidence: Level V, Case report.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"46 1","pages":"142 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76246708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Importance of posters for spreading awareness on HIV/AIDS","authors":"S. Kakar, Tanvi Batra","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_58_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_58_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"3 5 1","pages":"148 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87021714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manoj Saluja, P. Sen, Prasad Balachandran, D. Pillai, Saurabh Chittora, Komal Saluja
Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity in India, and diabetic neuropathy is its major complication causing a reduced quality of life. Besides chronic hyperglycaemia, non-glycaemic pathophysiology of insulin resistance and neuronal damage are key to developing novel diabetes management strategies like correcting serum magnesium. Aims: We aimed to analyse hypomagnesemia and its correlation with diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study, collecting data for a year (2019-2020) in GMC, Kota. Pearson correlation was performed between serum Magnesium and HbA1C, as well as serum magnesium and nerve conduction parameters. Patients classified based on the absence or presence of neuropathy were compared for various biochemical parameters using Unpaired t-tests, with Welch's correction. Results: Pearson correlation indicates an inverse relationship between hypomagnesemia and hyperglycaemia (HbA1c) (r = -0.5568; P < 0.001), irrespective of neuropathy. Hypomagnesemia has a significant correlation with DPN, such that low serum magnesium has a positive correlation with nerve amplitude (in all the tested nerves) and conduction velocity (in sensory nerves). The pattern of DPN in our study was predominantly sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy. Mixed axonal and demyelinating neuropathy was seen in sensory nerves. Latency was not affected by serum magnesium concentration in any peripheral nerve tested. T2DM patients with neuropathy had significantly lower serum magnesium, higher HbA1C and serum creatinine than in patients without DPN. Conclusions: Apart from controlling hyperglycaemia, non-glycaemic corrections are also needed to manage the diabetic complications. Serum magnesium and its correlation with disease severity, axonal and demyelinating neuronal injury provides an interesting insight into one such strategy. Further studies are needed to establish the probable role of magnesium supplementation and its benefits in T2DM.
{"title":"Hypomagnesaemia: The esoteric foe in diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy","authors":"Manoj Saluja, P. Sen, Prasad Balachandran, D. Pillai, Saurabh Chittora, Komal Saluja","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_71_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_71_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity in India, and diabetic neuropathy is its major complication causing a reduced quality of life. Besides chronic hyperglycaemia, non-glycaemic pathophysiology of insulin resistance and neuronal damage are key to developing novel diabetes management strategies like correcting serum magnesium. Aims: We aimed to analyse hypomagnesemia and its correlation with diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study, collecting data for a year (2019-2020) in GMC, Kota. Pearson correlation was performed between serum Magnesium and HbA1C, as well as serum magnesium and nerve conduction parameters. Patients classified based on the absence or presence of neuropathy were compared for various biochemical parameters using Unpaired t-tests, with Welch's correction. Results: Pearson correlation indicates an inverse relationship between hypomagnesemia and hyperglycaemia (HbA1c) (r = -0.5568; P < 0.001), irrespective of neuropathy. Hypomagnesemia has a significant correlation with DPN, such that low serum magnesium has a positive correlation with nerve amplitude (in all the tested nerves) and conduction velocity (in sensory nerves). The pattern of DPN in our study was predominantly sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy. Mixed axonal and demyelinating neuropathy was seen in sensory nerves. Latency was not affected by serum magnesium concentration in any peripheral nerve tested. T2DM patients with neuropathy had significantly lower serum magnesium, higher HbA1C and serum creatinine than in patients without DPN. Conclusions: Apart from controlling hyperglycaemia, non-glycaemic corrections are also needed to manage the diabetic complications. Serum magnesium and its correlation with disease severity, axonal and demyelinating neuronal injury provides an interesting insight into one such strategy. Further studies are needed to establish the probable role of magnesium supplementation and its benefits in T2DM.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"69 1","pages":"116 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73927931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_100_23
V. Talwar, Arpit Jain
{"title":"The genetic basis of breast cancer: A comprehensive overview","authors":"V. Talwar, Arpit Jain","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_100_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_100_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"24 1","pages":"97 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74268642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Holi celebrations: Health care-related issues","authors":"Shanmuganathan Neelamegam","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_63_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_63_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"167 2 Suppl 1","pages":"151 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83354024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_129_22
B. Kejriwal, Rakesh Srinivasappa, A. Dey, V. Malik
Foreign-body ingestion and its complications are widely reported and discussed in literature. However, ingested foreign body causing a large-bowel perforation is extremely rare. We present a case of a 49-year-old man who presented to us with complaints of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, fever and obstipation. The patient gave a history of accidental swallowing of his dentures 11 days back. The patient presented with shock in the emergency department and X-ray erect abdomen showed massive air under the diaphragm. The patient was taken for urgent exploratory laparotomy where a sigmoid perforation with ingested denture at the perforation site was found. The perforation was repaired, and a diverting ileostomy was made. The patient had an uneventful post-operative period and was discharged subsequently.
{"title":"Journey of a denture through the gastrointestinal tract","authors":"B. Kejriwal, Rakesh Srinivasappa, A. Dey, V. Malik","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_129_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_129_22","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign-body ingestion and its complications are widely reported and discussed in literature. However, ingested foreign body causing a large-bowel perforation is extremely rare. We present a case of a 49-year-old man who presented to us with complaints of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, fever and obstipation. The patient gave a history of accidental swallowing of his dentures 11 days back. The patient presented with shock in the emergency department and X-ray erect abdomen showed massive air under the diaphragm. The patient was taken for urgent exploratory laparotomy where a sigmoid perforation with ingested denture at the perforation site was found. The perforation was repaired, and a diverting ileostomy was made. The patient had an uneventful post-operative period and was discharged subsequently.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"145 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84641810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Homoeostasis of the immune system is regulated by cell-mediated immune-inflammatory responses. The shift of the immune response is clearly reflected by the cellular ratios than individual cell count. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) serves as a good cell-based marker of inflammation, which is being investigated in various inflammation-related diseases. Asthma which is a chronic inflammatory airway disease associated with hyperresponsiveness, recurrent attacks, wheezing, coughing and chest tightness coupled with multicellular influx of granulocytes with mild-to-severe symptoms of and altered NLR. The aim of the present study was to explore the existing literature on NLR in asthma to realise its clinical utility in asthma and its severity. We searched online database resources 'PubMed' and 'Google Scholar' up till now (20th May, 2022), and studies were included as per eligibility criteria. The data collected were reviewed and analysed. The study included eight published articles on NLR and asthma. The analysis revealed that there is a significant difference in mean NLR between healthy controls and asthma patients (1.57 ± 0.35 vs. 2.36 ± 0.30; P < 0.0001); further, severe versus non-severe asthma cases showed the highest mean NLR as compared to non-severe cases (4.82 ± 2.85 vs. 2.13 ± 0.17; P < 0.0001). Receiver operating curve analysis of NLR showed excellent discriminating capacity, for health versus disease and controlled versus uncontrolled. This mini review suggests NLR can serve as a non-expensive, non-invasive monitoring tool to reduce the risk of exacerbation and hospitalisation. However, large studies are warranted.
{"title":"Clinical utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the assessment of asthma and its severity","authors":"R. Tahseen, M. Parvez, P. Jahan","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_87_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_87_22","url":null,"abstract":"Homoeostasis of the immune system is regulated by cell-mediated immune-inflammatory responses. The shift of the immune response is clearly reflected by the cellular ratios than individual cell count. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) serves as a good cell-based marker of inflammation, which is being investigated in various inflammation-related diseases. Asthma which is a chronic inflammatory airway disease associated with hyperresponsiveness, recurrent attacks, wheezing, coughing and chest tightness coupled with multicellular influx of granulocytes with mild-to-severe symptoms of and altered NLR. The aim of the present study was to explore the existing literature on NLR in asthma to realise its clinical utility in asthma and its severity. We searched online database resources 'PubMed' and 'Google Scholar' up till now (20th May, 2022), and studies were included as per eligibility criteria. The data collected were reviewed and analysed. The study included eight published articles on NLR and asthma. The analysis revealed that there is a significant difference in mean NLR between healthy controls and asthma patients (1.57 ± 0.35 vs. 2.36 ± 0.30; P < 0.0001); further, severe versus non-severe asthma cases showed the highest mean NLR as compared to non-severe cases (4.82 ± 2.85 vs. 2.13 ± 0.17; P < 0.0001). Receiver operating curve analysis of NLR showed excellent discriminating capacity, for health versus disease and controlled versus uncontrolled. This mini review suggests NLR can serve as a non-expensive, non-invasive monitoring tool to reduce the risk of exacerbation and hospitalisation. However, large studies are warranted.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"137 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87224783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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