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Cultural fit of emotions and subjective well-being: Replicating comparative evidence and extending it to the Mediterranean region 情绪和主观幸福感的文化契合:复制比较证据并将其扩展到地中海地区
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100171
Alexander Kirchner-Häusler , Jozefien De Leersnyder , Ayse K. Uskul , Fattana Mirzada , Vivian L. Vignoles , Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón , Vanessa A. Castillo , Susan E. Cross , Meral Gezici-Yalçın , Charles Harb , Shenel Husnu , Keiko Ishii , Panagiota Karamaouna , Konstantinos Kafetsios , Evangelia Kateri , Juan Matamoros-Lima , Rania Miniesy , Jinkyung Na , Zafer Özkan , Stefano Pagliaro , Yukiko Uchida

Greater “emotional fit” with one's cultural group is often associated with positive psychological and relational outcomes. However, the few empirical studies on this link have been limited to the comparison of Anglo-Western, independent, and East Asian, interdependent cultural contexts. In the current paper, we conceptually replicated findings from three studies on the link between emotional fit and well-being in Anglo-Western and East Asian contexts, using different methods and more comprehensive samples. Moreover, we expanded emotional fit research to the understudied Mediterranean region, characterized by an emphasis on “honor” and a distinct blend of independence and interdependence. We collected data from N = 3,097 participants from 12 countries and asked participants to report their emotional experience in 10 hypothetical situations and to rate their well-being in different domains. Our results largely replicated established positive links between emotional fit and well-being in the Anglo-West and East-Asia, as i) experiencing more culturally valued emotions (from which we infer cultural fit) was linked to better general well-being; ii) actual, calculated emotional fit in relationship-focused situations predicted better relational well-being; and iii) only in East Asia calculated emotional fit in culturally central contexts predicted psychological well-being and thriving. Our exploratory analyses on the Mediterranean region showed a non-homogenous pattern: while general well-being was consistently most strongly predicted by the intensity of disengaging emotions, relational and psychological well-being were differentially predicted by calculated emotional fit in relationship-focused situations across different Mediterranean sub-regions. The current work consolidates insights into how our well-being is shaped by the interplay between culture and emotional fit and strengthens evidence that there may be ‘universalism without uniformity’.

与一个人的文化群体更大的“情感契合”往往与积极的心理和关系结果有关。然而,关于这一联系的少数实证研究仅限于对独立的盎格鲁-西方和相互依存的东亚文化背景的比较。在本文中,我们使用不同的方法和更全面的样本,从概念上复制了三项关于英美和东亚背景下情绪契合与幸福感之间联系的研究结果。此外,我们将情感契合研究扩展到研究不足的地中海地区,其特点是强调“荣誉”和独立与相互依存的独特混合。我们收集了来自12个国家的3097名参与者的数据,并要求参与者报告他们在10种假设情况下的情绪体验,并对他们在不同领域的幸福感进行评分。我们的研究结果在很大程度上重复了英美和东亚地区情绪契合度与幸福感之间建立的正相关关系,因为1)体验更多的文化价值情感(我们由此推断文化契合度)与更好的总体幸福感有关;Ii)在以关系为中心的情况下,实际的、经过计算的情感契合度预测了更好的关系幸福感;iii)只有在东亚,在文化中心环境中计算情感契合度才能预测心理健康和繁荣。我们对地中海地区的探索性分析显示了一种非同质的模式:虽然总体幸福感是由脱离情绪的强度所预测的,但在不同的地中海次区域,关系和心理幸福感是通过计算的情感契合度来预测的。目前的工作巩固了我们对文化和情感契合之间的相互作用如何塑造我们的幸福的见解,并加强了可能存在“没有一致性的普遍主义”的证据。
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引用次数: 0
An examination and extension of the Peltzman effect during the Covid-19 pandemic 新冠肺炎大流行期间佩尔兹曼效应的检验与扩展
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100091
Katharina Henk , Florian Rosing , Fabian Wolff , Svenja B. Frenzel , Rolf van Dick , Valerie A. Erkens , Jan A. Häusser , Andreas Mojzisch , Diana Boer

Since the first COVID-19 case was confirmed in Germany, the German government has introduced various measures to counteract the pandemic. The implementation of safety measures can have counterproductive effects: people engage in risk compensatory behavior (fewer safety behaviors) after regulations are introduced and obligated by the government, which is known as the Peltzman effect (Peltzman, 1975). Based on the Peltzman effect, the researchers of this study hypothesized that people complied less with safety behaviors and took more health risks (e.g. keep less distance) after the implementation of more stringent COVID-19-related regulations (quarantine obligation and face mask duty) between the two measurement periods of this study. They also extended the Peltzman model by hypothesizing moderating roles of age, gender, and perceived COVID-19 threat. Results of the longitudinal survey study (N = 989, T1: 26 March – 31 March 2020 and T2: 27 April – 4 May 2020) confirm that people indeed complied less with safety recommendations over time associated with strengthened COVID-19-related regulations. Perceived COVID-19 threat to those in a person's surroundings (e.g. family, neighbors) had a positive impact on compliance, but age and gender had no effect. This extends the literature on the Peltzman effect by adding perceived COVID-19 threat as a new relevant construct, enabling the development of more effective safety preventions in the future.

自德国确诊首例新冠肺炎病例以来,德国政府已采取各种措施应对疫情。安全措施的实施可能会产生适得其反的效果:在政府出台法规并承担义务后,人们会从事风险补偿行为(较少的安全行为),这被称为Peltzman效应(Peltzman,1975)。基于Peltzman效应,本研究的研究人员假设,在本研究的两个测量期之间,在实施更严格的新冠肺炎相关规定(隔离义务和口罩义务)后,人们遵守安全行为的次数更少,承担更多的健康风险(如保持更少的距离)。他们还通过假设年龄、性别和新冠肺炎威胁的调节作用来扩展Peltzman模型。纵向调查研究的结果(N=989,T1:2020年3月26日至3月31日,T2:2020年4月27日至5月4日)证实,随着时间的推移,人们确实遵守了与加强新冠肺炎相关法规相关的安全建议。新冠肺炎对周围环境(如家庭、邻居)的威胁对依从性有积极影响,但年龄和性别没有影响。这扩展了关于Peltzman效应的文献,增加了新冠肺炎威胁作为一个新的相关结构,使未来能够开发更有效的安全预防措施。
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引用次数: 2
Predictors and consequences of pro-environmental behavior at work 工作中环保行为的预测因素和后果
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100107
Jordana W. Composto , Sara M. Constantino , Elke U. Weber

Increasingly, people are looking for meaning through their jobs, for employers that have a positive impact on the world, and for workplaces that promote mission-driven behavior. One such mission that is a growing priority is addressing climate change, especially for younger cohorts entering the workforce. Addressing the climate crisis will necessitate substantial changes at all levels of society, including organizational change. This paper examines individual, social, and contextual variables that are associated with pro-environmental behavior (PEB). In a large survey of employees from high and low greenhouse gas emitting sectors (N = 3,041), we examine the predictors of work PEB and the relationship between work PEB and job satisfaction. We find that the strongest predictors of work PEB index are similar behavior in another domain (measured as home PEB index), perceived organizational support for the environment, personal attitudes about environmental responsibility, reported identity overlap with coworkers, and level of education. Perceptions about the social and corporate support of an environmental mission predict work PEB even after accounting for the influence of individual factors, including environmental attitudes, suggesting that they are associated with increased work PEB for employees with both high and low concern about climate change. We also find that higher work PEB is associated with greater job satisfaction. This suggests that there may be a virtuous cycle between companies' mission-driven actions and policies and employee perceptions, behavior, and personal and corporate well-being, with potential implications for employee engagement and retention.

越来越多的人在工作中寻找意义,在对世界有积极影响的雇主中寻找意义,在促进使命感行为的工作场所中寻找意义。其中一项日益受到重视的任务是应对气候变化,尤其是对进入劳动力市场的年轻群体而言。应对气候危机需要社会各个层面的重大变革,包括组织变革。本文考察了与亲环境行为(PEB)相关的个人、社会和环境变量。在对温室气体高排放部门和低排放部门的员工(N = 3041)的大型调查中,我们研究了工作PEB的预测因素以及工作PEB与工作满意度之间的关系。我们发现,工作PEB指数的最强预测因子是在另一个领域的类似行为(以家庭PEB指数衡量)、感知到的组织对环境的支持、个人对环境责任的态度、报告的与同事的身份重叠以及教育水平。即使在考虑了包括环境态度在内的个人因素的影响后,对环境使命的社会和企业支持的看法也能预测工作PEB,这表明,对气候变化高度关注和低关注的员工的工作PEB都有所增加。我们还发现,较高的工作PEB与较高的工作满意度相关。这表明,在公司的使命驱动型行动和政策与员工的认知、行为、个人和企业福祉之间,可能存在一种良性循环,对员工敬业度和留任率有潜在影响。
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引用次数: 2
A Meta-Analytical Comparison of Depression Prevalence in GCC Countries 海湾合作委员会国家抑郁症患病率的meta分析比较
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100149
Christin Camia, Ayesha Omran Alhallami

Depression is a highly prevalent mental disorder that prevents individuals to live a rewarding life. Cross-sectional research observed especially high prevalence rates of depression in female and younger individuals of the Middle East even though these results lack systematic validation. Aiming to systematize previous research on depression, this meta-analysis gathered depression mean scores and prevalence of severity categories in 18,717 adult citizens (Mage = 26.43 years, SD = 9.98, range 19.30 – 54.17) assessed by Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) in the GCC countries in the last twenty years. Results showed similar and stable prevalence and severity of depression across and within the GCC population throughout the last twenty years. Controlling for associated factors such as age, gender distribution, and student populations, we furthermore found that young and female individuals appeared to be at greater risk for depression. Results might be explained by cultural changes the GCC states went through since the discovery of oil but also by a sampling bias present in the research of mental health in the Arab region. Therefore, results are discussed regarding the socio-cultural change of the GCC states and recommendations for future research are given.

抑郁症是一种非常普遍的精神障碍,它妨碍个人过上有意义的生活。横断面研究发现,中东女性和年轻人的抑郁症患病率尤其高,尽管这些结果缺乏系统的验证。本meta分析收集了海湾合作委员会(GCC)国家18717名成年公民(年龄= 26.43岁,SD = 9.98,范围19.30 - 54.17)近二十年来贝克抑郁量表(BDI-II)的抑郁平均得分和严重程度类别的患病率。结果显示,在过去二十年中,海湾合作委员会人群中抑郁症的患病率和严重程度相似且稳定。在控制了年龄、性别分布和学生人数等相关因素后,我们进一步发现,年轻人和女性个体似乎更容易患抑郁症。这些结果可以用海湾合作委员会国家自发现石油以来经历的文化变化来解释,但也可以用阿拉伯地区心理健康研究中存在的抽样偏差来解释。因此,本文讨论了海湾合作委员会国家社会文化变迁的结果,并对未来的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
The role of mindfulness, psychological capital, and social capital in the well-being of refugees in Uganda 正念、心理资本和社会资本在乌干达难民福祉中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100148
Martin Mabunda Baluku , Florence Nansubuga , Khamisi Musanje , Simon Nantamu , Kathleen Otto

Refugees experience numerous psychological and social problems associated with experiences in their home countries, during asylum-seeking, and conditions in their new environment. Therefore, refugees are likely to experience a decline in psychological and social capital, negatively affecting their well-being. Mindfulness is a known trait-like attribute that is associated with superior well-being outcomes. The present correlational study investigated the mediating role of psychological and social capital in the association between mindfulness and well-being outcomes (life satisfaction and happiness) among refugees in resource-constrained settlements in Uganda. As part of the RESS-R (Refugee Entrepreneurship and Skilling for Self-Reliance) project, 576 refugees from rural settlements and urban locations took part in the study. The results of the structural equation model revealed that mindfulness was positively associated with psychological and social capital. However, only psychological capital had a mediating effect in the relationship between mindfulness and the well-being variables. Our findings provide insights into the relationships between positive psychological attributes and well-being outcomes among refugees living in resource-constrained settings.

难民在本国的经历、在寻求庇护期间以及在新环境中的条件使他们遇到许多心理和社会问题。因此,难民可能会经历心理和社会资本的下降,对他们的福祉产生负面影响。正念是一种已知的类似特质的属性,它与优越的幸福结果有关。本研究探讨了心理资本和社会资本在乌干达资源受限定居点难民正念与幸福感结果(生活满意度和幸福感)之间的中介作用。作为难民创业和自力更生技能项目的一部分,来自农村定居点和城市地区的576名难民参加了这项研究。结构方程模型结果显示,正念与心理资本和社会资本呈正相关。然而,只有心理资本在正念与幸福感变量的关系中起中介作用。我们的研究结果为了解生活在资源受限环境中的难民的积极心理属性与幸福感之间的关系提供了见解。
{"title":"The role of mindfulness, psychological capital, and social capital in the well-being of refugees in Uganda","authors":"Martin Mabunda Baluku ,&nbsp;Florence Nansubuga ,&nbsp;Khamisi Musanje ,&nbsp;Simon Nantamu ,&nbsp;Kathleen Otto","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Refugees experience numerous psychological and social problems associated with experiences in their home countries, during asylum-seeking, and conditions in their new environment. Therefore, refugees are likely to experience a decline in psychological and social capital, negatively affecting their well-being. Mindfulness is a known trait-like attribute that is associated with superior well-being outcomes. The present correlational study investigated the mediating role of psychological and social capital in the association between mindfulness and well-being outcomes (life satisfaction and happiness) among refugees in resource-constrained settlements in Uganda. As part of the RESS-R (Refugee Entrepreneurship and Skilling for Self-Reliance) project, 576 refugees from rural settlements and urban locations took part in the study. The results of the structural equation model revealed that mindfulness was positively associated with psychological and social capital. However, only psychological capital had a mediating effect in the relationship between mindfulness and the well-being variables. Our findings provide insights into the relationships between positive psychological attributes and well-being outcomes among refugees living in resource-constrained settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43363159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental health of asylum seekers and refugees: The role of trauma and postmigration living difficulties and the moderating effect of intergroup contact 寻求庇护者和难民的心理健康:创伤和移民后生活困难的作用以及群体间接触的调节作用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100118
Shabnam Pouraghajan , Johannes Ullrich , Naser Morina

Refugees undergo traumatic events during the premigration and transit phases and also experience severe difficulties after resettlement in a new country, and they are therefore at high risk of developing mental health problems. The present studies examined if intergroup contact with members of the receiving society moderates these negative impacts on refugees’ mental health. Two studies with refugees in Switzerland (N = 262) revealed both buffering and exacerbating effects of intergroup contact. Having more Swiss friends was associated with a less negative relationship between postmigration living difficulties and mental health. Surprisingly, having more Swiss friends was also associated with a more negative relationship between traumatization and mental health. These results suggest that intergroup contact may help refugees adjust to the living conditions in the receiving society, but may pose a risk regarding trauma-related disorders.

难民在移徙前和过境阶段经历创伤性事件,在新国家重新安置后也经历严重困难,因此,他们患精神健康问题的风险很高。本研究考察了与接收社会成员的群体间接触是否会缓和这些对难民心理健康的负面影响。两项针对瑞士难民的研究(N = 262)揭示了群体间接触的缓冲效应和加剧效应。拥有更多的瑞士人朋友,移民后的生活困难与心理健康之间的负相关关系就会减少。令人惊讶的是,拥有更多的瑞士朋友也与创伤和心理健康之间的更负相关。这些结果表明,群体间接触可能有助于难民适应接收社会的生活条件,但可能会带来创伤相关疾病的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Feeling at home: An explorative field study of seasonal agricultural workers with different (dis) location backgrounds 家的感觉:不同(非)地点背景的季节性农业工人的探索性田野研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100170
Meral Gezici Yalçın , N. Ekrem Düzen , Furkan Bardak , Ayse K. Uskul , Murat Öztürk

The sense of feeling at home by people ‘on the move’ was inquired through an adaptation of the homemaking approach. Two groups of people who make their living by working in agricultural sites (internally mobile seasonal agricultural workers and internationally displaced migrant workers) were reached out to examine associations between feeling at home, social interactions, perceived degradation, and subjective well-being. Results showed that both worker groups (seasonal and displaced workers) felt at home despite precarious working and living conditions. Expectedly, feeling at home was predicted significantly by social interactions with others; however, the type of interactions also determined the direction of the effects. While within-group interaction (binding ties) predicted feeling at home positively, across-groups interaction (bridging ties) predicted it negatively for both groups. Additionally, perceived degradation and subjective well-being moderated the effect of feeling at home partially: the effect emerged for a cross-groups but not for within-group interactions. In conclusion, the notion of binding and bridging ties could help to attain an increased explanatory power rather than contact theory alone in understanding the patterns of feeling at home.

“在移动中”的人们对家的感觉是通过对家政方法的改编来询问的。通过在农业场所工作谋生的两组人(国内流动的季节性农业工人和国际流离失所的移徙工人)进行了接触,以检查家的感觉、社会互动、感知退化和主观幸福感之间的联系。结果显示,尽管工作和生活条件不稳定,但两个工人群体(季节性工人和流离失所工人)都有家的感觉。不出所料,与他人的社会互动显著地预测了宾至如归的感觉;然而,相互作用的类型也决定了效应的方向。群体内互动(绑定关系)对家的感觉有积极的预测,而群体间互动(桥接关系)对两组的家的感觉都有消极的预测。此外,感知退化和主观幸福感在一定程度上调节了宾至如归的影响:这种影响在跨群体中出现,但在群体内互动中没有。综上所述,结合和衔接关系的概念可以帮助获得更强的解释力,而不是单独的接触理论来理解在家的感觉模式。
{"title":"Feeling at home: An explorative field study of seasonal agricultural workers with different (dis) location backgrounds","authors":"Meral Gezici Yalçın ,&nbsp;N. Ekrem Düzen ,&nbsp;Furkan Bardak ,&nbsp;Ayse K. Uskul ,&nbsp;Murat Öztürk","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sense of feeling at home by people ‘on the move’ was inquired through an adaptation of the homemaking approach. Two groups of people who make their living by working in agricultural sites (internally mobile seasonal agricultural workers and internationally displaced migrant workers) were reached out to examine associations between feeling at home, social interactions, perceived degradation, and subjective well-being. Results showed that both worker groups (seasonal and displaced workers) felt at home despite precarious working and living conditions. Expectedly, feeling at home was predicted significantly by social interactions with others; however, the type of interactions also determined the direction of the effects. While within-group interaction (binding ties) predicted feeling at home positively, across-groups interaction (bridging ties) predicted it negatively for both groups. Additionally, perceived degradation and subjective well-being moderated the effect of feeling at home partially: the effect emerged for a cross-groups but not for within-group interactions. In conclusion, the notion of binding and bridging ties could help to attain an increased explanatory power rather than contact theory alone in understanding the patterns of feeling at home.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666622723000837/pdfft?md5=6e32ae142ed3a940618f2833bd777e48&pid=1-s2.0-S2666622723000837-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138466149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A moth to a flame? Fulfilling connectedness needs through romantic relationships protects conspiracy theorists against COVID-19 misinformation 飞蛾变火焰?通过浪漫关系满足联系需求保护阴谋论者免受新冠肺炎错误信息的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100111
Sandra L. Murray , Ji Xia , Veronica Lamarche , Mark D. Seery , James McNulty , Dale W. Griffin , Deborah E. Ward , Han Young Jung , Lindsey Hicks , David Dubois

Conspiracy theorists’ unpopular opinions likely make them more apprehensive about interactions with others, frustrating their need to belong. Therefore, they may be susceptible to believing misinformation because evidence that others share their beliefs provides “social proof” that they can expect interactions with others to be positive and rewarding. The present research examined whether alternatively fulfilling the need for social connection through romantic relationships could protect conspiracy theorists against COVID-19 misinformation. In a 3-week daily diary study (N = 555), experimental participants implicitly learned to associate their romantic partners with positive experiences (by repeatedly pairing their partner with highly positive and approachable stimuli, McNulty et al., 2017). We then assessed how much participants trusted individuals they might normally distrust, as a manipulation check, and how much participants tuned their daily personal beliefs and behavior to match the U.S. public's daily susceptibility to COVID-19 misinformation. Participants high on conspiratorial thinking trusted fellow community members more in the experimental than control condition. Participants high on conspiratorial thinking in the experimental condition were also less likely to treat the U.S. public's greater daily susceptibility to COVID-19 misinformation as proof that they could discount the virus. The present findings suggest that rewarding romantic connections might be leveraged to limit conspiracy theorists’ susceptibility to believing public skepticism about COVID-19.

阴谋论者不受欢迎的观点可能会让他们对与他人的互动更加担忧,从而挫败他们对归属感的需求。因此,他们可能容易相信错误信息,因为其他人分享他们信仰的证据提供了“社会证明”,他们可以期望与他人的互动是积极和有益的。目前的研究考察了通过浪漫关系来满足社会联系的需求是否可以保护阴谋论者免受COVID-19错误信息的影响。在一项为期3周的每日日记研究中(N = 555),实验参与者隐性地学会了将他们的浪漫伴侣与积极的经历联系起来(通过反复将他们的伴侣与高度积极和可接近的刺激配对,McNulty et al., 2017)。然后,我们评估了参与者对他们通常可能不信任的个人的信任程度,作为操纵检查,以及参与者对他们的日常个人信仰和行为进行了多少调整,以匹配美国公众对COVID-19错误信息的日常敏感性。阴谋思维高的参与者在实验中比在控制条件下更信任社区成员。在实验条件下,阴谋论思维高的参与者也不太可能将美国公众每天对COVID-19错误信息的更大敏感性视为他们可以轻视病毒的证据。目前的研究结果表明,奖励浪漫关系可能会被用来限制阴谋论者相信公众对COVID-19的怀疑的敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Self-reported reasons for (not) being worried about climate change 自我报告担心(不担心)气候变化的原因
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100154
Thea Gregersen , Rouven Doran , Sina Storelv

A national sample from Norway (N = 2001) was asked to report how much they worry about climate change (closed-ended question), and then to write down their reasons for (not) being worried (open-ended question). Answers to the open-ended question were content analyzed and compared across responses to the closed-ended question. The results showed that the most common reason for being at least somewhat worried was concern about the consequences of climate change. Respondents reporting high worry were in particular more likely to bring up consequences for humans than those reporting medium worry. Respondents who reported low worry referred to a broader range of reasons in their answers, such as believing in natural rather than human causes of climate change, expressing a sense of optimism towards potential solutions, or being discontent with political measures or public discourse on climate change. These findings add novel insights into understanding the subjective meaning associated with the degree to which people report being worried about climate change.

来自挪威的国家样本(N = 2001)被要求报告他们对气候变化的担忧程度(封闭式问题),然后写下他们担心(不担心)的原因(开放式问题)。对开放式问题的回答进行了内容分析,并与封闭式问题的回答进行了比较。结果显示,最常见的担忧原因是对气候变化的后果的担忧。报告高度担忧的受访者比报告中度担忧的受访者更有可能给人类带来后果。报告担忧程度较低的受访者在回答中提到了更广泛的原因,例如相信气候变化的自然原因而不是人为原因,对潜在的解决方案表示乐观,或者对气候变化的政治措施或公共话语感到不满。这些发现为理解与人们对气候变化的担忧程度相关的主观含义提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Humanizing dehumanization research 人性化非人性化研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100102
Jonathan Leader Maynard , Aliza Luft

This essay contends that contemporary research should pay greater attention to three fundamentally human characteristics of dehumanization. First, we argue that scholars need to better consider and analyze the ideological context of dehumanization, specifically the multiple meanings that diverse cultural conceptions of the human and the dehumanized impart to dehumanizing concepts or attitudes. Second, we urge a greater emphasis on how social relationships influence dehumanization, recognizing that people are entangled in complex and intersecting social identities, relationships, and histories that affect how they respond to the dehumanizing intentions of others. Third, we argue that the institutional context of dehumanization must be investigated and theorized, as dehumanization’s effects are rarely the result of atomized individuals reacting to diffuse dehumanizing rhetoric but rather the result of collective action within more or less formal organizations. These tasks can be accomplished through increased interdisciplinarity, thereby enhancing the insights and applicability of dehumanization research to the numerous forms of conflict, brutality, and extremism that are so frequently associated with dehumanization.

本文认为,当代研究应更多地关注非人化的三个基本人性特征。首先,我们认为学者们需要更好地考虑和分析非人化的意识形态语境,特别是人与被非人化者的不同文化观念赋予非人化概念或态度的多重意义。其次,我们敦促更多地强调社会关系如何影响非人化,认识到人们纠缠在复杂和交叉的社会身份、关系和历史中,这些身份、关系和历史影响着他们如何回应他人的非人化意图。第三,我们认为必须对非人化的制度背景进行调查和理论化,因为非人化的影响很少是原子化的个人对扩散的非人化言论的反应的结果,而是在或多或少正式组织内集体行动的结果。这些任务可以通过增加跨学科来完成,从而提高非人性化研究对经常与非人性化相关的多种形式的冲突、暴行和极端主义的洞察力和适用性。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Current research in ecological and social psychology
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