Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100252
Bilal Ahmad , Khalid Rehman , Shawana Bangash , Rida Zarkaish , Mahdia Babak , Sana Rehman , Samina Ihsan , Farhad Ali Khattak , Muhammad Irfan , Asif Rehman , Abdul Jalil Khan , Zohaib Khan
This scoping review aimed to examine coping strategies and resilient behaviours for stress management among frontline healthcare workers as per the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all). Five major databases (APA PsychInfo, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) were searched from their inception until December 2024, including peer-reviewed articles and the first three hundred results on Google Scholar. The review followed the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The inclusion criteria were experimental and observational studies examining coping strategies and stress management interventions for frontline healthcare workers in any healthcare setting. Non-empirical studies, those without a clear methodology, and non-English-language studies were excluded. Data screening and selection were conducted using Rayyan software by two independent teams, with disagreements resolved through consensus with a third reviewer. Data extraction captured the study characteristics, population demographics, settings, and key findings. The cumulative sample size across all studies was 33,889 healthcare professionals, with significant gender disparity favouring female participants. This study spanned thirty countries across multiple continents, with the United States contributing the largest subset.
{"title":"Coping strategies and resilient behavior among frontline healthcare workers: A scoping review","authors":"Bilal Ahmad , Khalid Rehman , Shawana Bangash , Rida Zarkaish , Mahdia Babak , Sana Rehman , Samina Ihsan , Farhad Ali Khattak , Muhammad Irfan , Asif Rehman , Abdul Jalil Khan , Zohaib Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This scoping review aimed to examine coping strategies and resilient behaviours for stress management among frontline healthcare workers as per the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all). Five major databases (APA PsychInfo, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) were searched from their inception until December 2024, including peer-reviewed articles and the first three hundred results on Google Scholar. The review followed the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The inclusion criteria were experimental and observational studies examining coping strategies and stress management interventions for frontline healthcare workers in any healthcare setting. Non-empirical studies, those without a clear methodology, and non-English-language studies were excluded. Data screening and selection were conducted using Rayyan software by two independent teams, with disagreements resolved through consensus with a third reviewer. Data extraction captured the study characteristics, population demographics, settings, and key findings. The cumulative sample size across all studies was 33,889 healthcare professionals, with significant gender disparity favouring female participants. This study spanned thirty countries across multiple continents, with the United States contributing the largest subset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physicians have a duty to oppose the human suffering and human rights abuses occurring in Gaza, particularly the violations of international humanitarian law (IHL). We especially call attention to the scarcity of potable water in Gaza, which has fueled outbreaks of hepatitis A, polio, and skin infections and has created a public health crisis that is further exacerbated by the destruction of healthcare infrastructure and targeting of healthcare workers. The time is long overdue for physicians to affirm that IHL, including guaranteed access to healthcare and potable water, must be upheld to protect the health and safety of all Palestinians. Moreover, as violence against Palestinians and mass displacement campaigns are escalating in the West Bank, this is a pivotal moment for action to prevent further harms.
{"title":"The medical community must not remain silent about healthcare and water access denial in Palestine","authors":"Jade Pagkas-Bather , Sabrina Imam , Rachel Bender Ignacio , Asim Farooq , Baddr Shakhsheer , Feroze Sidhwa , Omar Al-Heeti , Thaer Ahmad , Tamathor Abughnaim , John Schneider","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physicians have a duty to oppose the human suffering and human rights abuses occurring in Gaza, particularly the violations of international humanitarian law (IHL). We especially call attention to the scarcity of potable water in Gaza, which has fueled outbreaks of hepatitis A, polio, and skin infections and has created a public health crisis that is further exacerbated by the destruction of healthcare infrastructure and targeting of healthcare workers. The time is long overdue for physicians to affirm that IHL, including guaranteed access to healthcare and potable water, must be upheld to protect the health and safety of all Palestinians. Moreover, as violence against Palestinians and mass displacement campaigns are escalating in the West Bank, this is a pivotal moment for action to prevent further harms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100250
George Agana Akuriba , Dadson Awunyo-Vitor , Camillus Abawiera Wongnaa , Richard Owusu-Afriyie , Margaret Aba Sam Hagan , Benjamin Sarfo
Meat safety is critical for safeguarding public health, as contaminated meat poses serious risks, and compliance with safety guidelines largely depends on meat handlers' risk perceptions. This study assessed how butchers and fresh meat retailers in Ghana perceive risk factors contributing to unsafe meat production and examines the extent to which these perceptions influence their compliance with meat safety guidelines. The study used primary data obtained from 87 butchers and 299 fresh meat retailers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and F-statistics, as well as Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings on the perceived risk factors reveals a positive risk perception index of 0.88 and 0.86 for butchers and retailers respectively. This indicates a high level of awareness or concern about risks. The most highly perceived risk factors were institutional risks (1.30), financial risks (1.29), and microbiological/chemical risks (1.27). The PLS-SEM results revealed that butchers' compliance with safety guidelines was positively influenced by perceived environmental risk (β = 0.192, P = 0.10), and perceived financial risk (β = 0.257, P = 0.05) and negatively influenced by perceived market risk (β = −0.202, P = 0.066) while retailers' compliance was positively influenced by perceived microbiological risk (β = 0.351, P = 0.03), and perceived market risk (β = 0.117, P = 0.07). The study concludes that while butchers and fresh meat retailers in Ghana demonstrate generally high risk perceptions, their compliance with meat safety guidelines is shaped by different risk factors. The study recommends a collaborative monitoring and enforcement framework in which butchers and fresh meat retailers work closely with regulatory bodies to translate high institutional risk perceptions into compliance. This can be achieved through quarterly stakeholder meetings, streamlined licensing, and on-the-ground support, which together enhance practical adherence while minimizing bureaucratic challenges.
肉类安全对保障公众健康至关重要，因为受污染的肉类会带来严重风险，而遵守安全准则在很大程度上取决于肉类加工者的风险认知。本研究评估了加纳的屠夫和鲜肉零售商如何看待导致不安全肉类生产的风险因素，并考察了这些看法在多大程度上影响了他们遵守肉类安全准则。这项研究使用了来自87家肉店和299家鲜肉零售商的原始数据。数据分析采用描述性统计，包括均值、标准差和f统计，以及偏最小二乘结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）。在感知风险因素方面，肉贩和零售商的风险感知指数分别为0.88和0.86。这表示对风险有高度的认识或关注。最高感知的风险因素是制度风险（1.30）、金融风险（1.29）和微生物/化学风险（1.27）。调查结果显示，肉贩的环境风险感知（β = 0.192, P = 0.10）、财务风险感知（β = 0.257, P = 0.05）和市场风险感知（β = - 0.202, P = 0.066）对肉贩的安全遵循有正向影响，而零售商的微生物风险感知（β = 0.351, P = 0.03）和市场风险感知（β = 0.117, P = 0.07）对肉贩的安全遵循有正向影响。该研究的结论是，虽然加纳的屠夫和鲜肉零售商普遍表现出高风险意识，但他们对肉类安全准则的遵守程度受到不同风险因素的影响。该研究建议建立一个协作监测和执法框架，在该框架中，肉店和鲜肉零售商与监管机构密切合作，将对机构高风险的认识转化为合规。这可以通过季度利益相关者会议、简化的许可和实地支持来实现，这些共同增强了实际的遵守，同时最大限度地减少了官僚主义的挑战。
{"title":"Perceived risk factors and their influence on compliance with meat safety guidelines among butchers and fresh meat retailers in Ghana","authors":"George Agana Akuriba , Dadson Awunyo-Vitor , Camillus Abawiera Wongnaa , Richard Owusu-Afriyie , Margaret Aba Sam Hagan , Benjamin Sarfo","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meat safety is critical for safeguarding public health, as contaminated meat poses serious risks, and compliance with safety guidelines largely depends on meat handlers' risk perceptions. This study assessed how butchers and fresh meat retailers in Ghana perceive risk factors contributing to unsafe meat production and examines the extent to which these perceptions influence their compliance with meat safety guidelines. The study used primary data obtained from 87 butchers and 299 fresh meat retailers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and F-statistics, as well as Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings on the perceived risk factors reveals a positive risk perception index of 0.88 and 0.86 for butchers and retailers respectively. This indicates a high level of awareness or concern about risks. The most highly perceived risk factors were institutional risks (1.30), financial risks (1.29), and microbiological/chemical risks (1.27). The PLS-SEM results revealed that butchers' compliance with safety guidelines was positively influenced by perceived environmental risk (β = 0.192, <em>P</em> = 0.10), and perceived financial risk (β = 0.257, <em>P</em> = 0.05) and negatively influenced by perceived market risk (β = −0.202, <em>P</em> = 0.066) while retailers' compliance was positively influenced by perceived microbiological risk (β = 0.351, <em>P</em> = 0.03), and perceived market risk (β = 0.117, <em>P</em> = 0.07). The study concludes that while butchers and fresh meat retailers in Ghana demonstrate generally high risk perceptions, their compliance with meat safety guidelines is shaped by different risk factors. The study recommends a collaborative monitoring and enforcement framework in which butchers and fresh meat retailers work closely with regulatory bodies to translate high institutional risk perceptions into compliance. This can be achieved through quarterly stakeholder meetings, streamlined licensing, and on-the-ground support, which together enhance practical adherence while minimizing bureaucratic challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100249
Azli Abd Razak , Hamidi Saidin , Rafael Buralli , Leonel Cordoba , Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku Ibrahim , Siti Nurshahida Nazli
Sick building syndrome (SBS) encompasses a range of non-specific symptoms experienced by occupants, commonly associated with poor indoor air quality (IAQ). This study investigated the associations between IAQ parameters and SBS symptoms among 124 office workers across six bank offices in Malaysia. Indoor PM2.5, PM10, CO2, TVOC, formaldehyde, temperature and relative humidity were measured using validated instruments, while SBS symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaire adapted from the Industry Code of Practice of Indoor Air Quality (ICOPIAQ) 2010. Findings revealed that banks using split-unit air conditioning (AC) ventilation had higher concentration of PM2.5 and CO2, exceeding the recommended standards, compared to those using air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) ventilation type. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (47.6 %), cough (44.4 %), irritated and stuffy nose (38.7 %), irritation of eyes (35.5 %), fatigue (25 %), dizziness (25 %), feeling heavy-headed (24.2 %), and skin rash or itchiness (24.2 %). Among these, dizziness was significantly associated with PM2.5, PM10, CO2, and formaldehyde levels. These findings highlight the need for improved ventilation and IAQ management in bank offices. Public policies and interventions at organizational level are essential to mitigate SBS risks and safeguard worker health.
{"title":"Sick building syndrome and indoor air quality in Malaysian bank offices: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Azli Abd Razak , Hamidi Saidin , Rafael Buralli , Leonel Cordoba , Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku Ibrahim , Siti Nurshahida Nazli","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sick building syndrome (SBS) encompasses a range of non-specific symptoms experienced by occupants, commonly associated with poor indoor air quality (IAQ). This study investigated the associations between IAQ parameters and SBS symptoms among 124 office workers across six bank offices in Malaysia. Indoor PM2.5, PM10, CO2, TVOC, formaldehyde, temperature and relative humidity were measured using validated instruments, while SBS symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaire adapted from the Industry Code of Practice of Indoor Air Quality (ICOPIAQ) 2010. Findings revealed that banks using split-unit air conditioning (AC) ventilation had higher concentration of PM2.5 and CO2, exceeding the recommended standards, compared to those using air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) ventilation type. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (47.6 %), cough (44.4 %), irritated and stuffy nose (38.7 %), irritation of eyes (35.5 %), fatigue (25 %), dizziness (25 %), feeling heavy-headed (24.2 %), and skin rash or itchiness (24.2 %). Among these, dizziness was significantly associated with PM2.5, PM10, CO2, and formaldehyde levels. These findings highlight the need for improved ventilation and IAQ management in bank offices. Public policies and interventions at organizational level are essential to mitigate SBS risks and safeguard worker health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100248
Sonak D. Pastakia , Alycia Clark , Katie Lewis , Damon Taugher , Omolola Adeoye-Olatunde , Kourtney Byrd , Kay Johnson , Andrew M. Gonzales , Nader Tossoun , Danielle Cortez , Alejandra Mata , Christy Ward , Pua Akana , Rachel Randall , Rina Ramirez
Study objective
Assess the impact of a change in a philanthropic funding strategy toward focusing on the inclusion of responses to the social determinants of health (SDOH) in diabetes care.
Design
Retrospective analysis of routinely collected clinical and social determinants of health data.
Setting
Federally Qualified Health Centers Across the United States who were selected to receive funding after applying.
Participants
People living with diabetes who received care support that was partially or wholly supported from philanthropic funding provided by Direct Relief.
Interventions
The primary intervention was the injection of funding from Direct Relief to support the integration of interventions responsive to the SDOH. Example interventions include referral to SDOH support, home based monitoring, inclusion of community health workers, virtual care, and community-based care.
Main outcome measures
The primary outcome measure was the change in HbA1c from baseline to two to four months for all patients contributing data.
Results
Participants in the HBHC program demonstrated a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin of −1.25 points ([95 % CI, −1.45 - -1.06], p < 0.01) after 60-to-119-days. Participants with family and housing needs, nutrition needs, and social and emotional health needs had statistically significantly higher baseline HbA1c's than patients without these needs.
Conclusion
Future philanthropically supported efforts should encourage integration of SDOH interventions into clinical services for under-resourced patients living with diabetes. Additional prospective, controlled studies should be completed to more definitively determine the impact of investment on specific interventions designed to respond to the most frequently encountered SDOH needs.
{"title":"Impact of philanthropic investment on integrating social determinants of health into diabetes care at US federally qualified health centers","authors":"Sonak D. Pastakia , Alycia Clark , Katie Lewis , Damon Taugher , Omolola Adeoye-Olatunde , Kourtney Byrd , Kay Johnson , Andrew M. Gonzales , Nader Tossoun , Danielle Cortez , Alejandra Mata , Christy Ward , Pua Akana , Rachel Randall , Rina Ramirez","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study objective</h3><div>Assess the impact of a change in a philanthropic funding strategy toward focusing on the inclusion of responses to the social determinants of health (SDOH) in diabetes care.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective analysis of routinely collected clinical and social determinants of health data.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Federally Qualified Health Centers Across the United States who were selected to receive funding after applying.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>People living with diabetes who received care support that was partially or wholly supported from philanthropic funding provided by Direct Relief.</div></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><div>The primary intervention was the injection of funding from Direct Relief to support the integration of interventions responsive to the SDOH. Example interventions include referral to SDOH support, home based monitoring, inclusion of community health workers, virtual care, and community-based care.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>The primary outcome measure was the change in HbA1c from baseline to two to four months for all patients contributing data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants in the HBHC program demonstrated a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin of −1.25 points ([95 % CI, −1.45 - -1.06], <em>p < 0.01</em>) after 60-to-119-days. Participants with family and housing needs, nutrition needs, and social and emotional health needs had statistically significantly higher baseline HbA1c's than patients without these needs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Future philanthropically supported efforts should encourage integration of SDOH interventions into clinical services for under-resourced patients living with diabetes. Additional prospective, controlled studies should be completed to more definitively determine the impact of investment on specific interventions designed to respond to the most frequently encountered SDOH needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100243
Florent Nkouaga
This study investigates the key determinants influencing the utilization of preventive health services among insured individuals in the United States following the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Leveraging nationally representative data from the 2024 Financial Inclusion Survey, the research employs weighted logistic regression and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze how perceived insurance coverage quality, access to a primary care physician, financial knowledge, and experiences with healthcare costs are associated with the uptake of no-cost preventive care. The findings reveal that individuals who report higher satisfaction with their insurance coverage, maintain ongoing relationships with primary care providers, and demonstrate greater financial literacy are more likely to engage in preventive health behaviors. Notably, while cost-related barriers are initially associated with increased utilization, their direct influence diminishes when financial knowledge is accounted for, highlighting the mitigating role of financial literacy. The SEM approach further clarifies the complex interplay between latent constructs such as perceived coverage quality and cost experiences, showing that these factors interact with each other and with other determinants to shape preventive care decisions. Importantly, once these structural and informational dimensions are considered, traditional demographic variables — such as race and gender — lose statistical significance, underscoring the greater impact of systemic and educational factors. These results suggest that policies aimed solely at eliminating financial barriers may be insufficient to maximize preventive care participation. Instead, fostering trust in insurance coverage, strengthening primary care relationships, and enhancing financial literacy are critical strategies for increasing preventive service utilization. By addressing the informational, relational, and economic dimensions of healthcare access, policymakers and stakeholders can more effectively promote preventive health engagement and advance population health outcomes.
{"title":"Socio-economic and insurance factors in preventive care: A two-stage weighted structural analysis","authors":"Florent Nkouaga","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the key determinants influencing the utilization of preventive health services among insured individuals in the United States following the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Leveraging nationally representative data from the 2024 Financial Inclusion Survey, the research employs weighted logistic regression and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze how perceived insurance coverage quality, access to a primary care physician, financial knowledge, and experiences with healthcare costs are associated with the uptake of no-cost preventive care. The findings reveal that individuals who report higher satisfaction with their insurance coverage, maintain ongoing relationships with primary care providers, and demonstrate greater financial literacy are more likely to engage in preventive health behaviors. Notably, while cost-related barriers are initially associated with increased utilization, their direct influence diminishes when financial knowledge is accounted for, highlighting the mitigating role of financial literacy. The SEM approach further clarifies the complex interplay between latent constructs such as perceived coverage quality and cost experiences, showing that these factors interact with each other and with other determinants to shape preventive care decisions. Importantly, once these structural and informational dimensions are considered, traditional demographic variables — such as race and gender — lose statistical significance, underscoring the greater impact of systemic and educational factors. These results suggest that policies aimed solely at eliminating financial barriers may be insufficient to maximize preventive care participation. Instead, fostering trust in insurance coverage, strengthening primary care relationships, and enhancing financial literacy are critical strategies for increasing preventive service utilization. By addressing the informational, relational, and economic dimensions of healthcare access, policymakers and stakeholders can more effectively promote preventive health engagement and advance population health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100247
Senthil Kumar , Ashok Kumar Pannu , Ranjit Immanuel James , Amol N. Patil , Gagandeep Kwatra , Ashish Bhalla , Nusrat Shafiq , Samir Malhotra , Navneet Sharma
Introduction
Aluminum phosphide(AlP) insecticide is India's leading cause of poisoning-related mortality. Limited information is available about its mortality burden, common presentation type, and exposure(suicidal/accidental) characteristics. There exists no definite antidote for AlP poisoning management. The study was planned to systematically review the exact mortality burden, type of exposure- accidental/suicidal, commonest presentation in emergency department(ED), and gender difference in poison exposure, if any.
Methods
We conducted comprehensive search in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, and cross-referencing relevant articles from 1982 to 31 January 2025. Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional Indian studies that provided information on mortality data, common clinical presentation, and exposure type-accidental/suicidal were included. Study details- time to reach ED, duration of hospital-stay, average dose consumed, gender distribution in poison exposure, and other relevant information, were also assessed. Random-effects meta-analysis with DerSimonian & Laird estimator, meta-regression, and subgroup analyses were conducted using R.
Results
Forty-two studies involving 3449 Indian patients were included in the analysis. Pooled mortality prevalence was 54 %(95 % CI- 48-61 %) in the primary endpoint evaluation. In secondary endpoints analysis, it was observed that 94 %(95 % CI- 88-97) of the AlP poisonings were intentional(suicide), while accidental exposure accounted for 5 %(95 % CI- 2-12) of cases presenting to ED. Hypotension, with odds of 78 %(95 % CI- 64-88)(p < 0.01) was observed as common presentation type. Odds ratio for male-to-female gender among patients exposed to AlP was not significant, at 89 %(95 % CI- 61-129)(p = 0.86).
Conclusion
Death of every second patient with AlP poisoning in ED room underscores the urgent need for stringent regulatory measures to control its access in India.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of mortality burden due to Aluminum phosphide poisoning in India: A call for strong policy and decision making","authors":"Senthil Kumar , Ashok Kumar Pannu , Ranjit Immanuel James , Amol N. Patil , Gagandeep Kwatra , Ashish Bhalla , Nusrat Shafiq , Samir Malhotra , Navneet Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Aluminum phosphide(AlP) insecticide is India's leading cause of poisoning-related mortality. Limited information is available about its mortality burden, common presentation type, and exposure(suicidal/accidental) characteristics. There exists no definite antidote for AlP poisoning management. The study was planned to systematically review the exact mortality burden, type of exposure- accidental/suicidal, commonest presentation in emergency department(ED), and gender difference in poison exposure, if any.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted comprehensive search in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, and cross-referencing relevant articles from 1982 to 31 January 2025. Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional Indian studies that provided information on mortality data, common clinical presentation, and exposure type-accidental/suicidal were included. Study details- time to reach ED, duration of hospital-stay, average dose consumed, gender distribution in poison exposure, and other relevant information, were also assessed. Random-effects meta-analysis with DerSimonian & Laird estimator, meta-regression, and subgroup analyses were conducted using R.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-two studies involving 3449 Indian patients were included in the analysis<strong>.</strong> Pooled mortality prevalence was 54 %(95 % CI- 48-61 %) in the primary endpoint evaluation. In secondary endpoints analysis, it was observed that 94 %(95 % CI- 88-97) of the AlP poisonings were intentional(suicide), while accidental exposure accounted for 5 %(95 % CI- 2-12) of cases presenting to ED. Hypotension, with odds of 78 %(95 % CI- 64-88)(<em>p</em> < 0.01) was observed as common presentation type. Odds ratio for male-to-female gender among patients exposed to AlP was not significant, at 89 %(95 % CI- 61-129)(<em>p</em> = 0.86).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Death of every second patient with AlP poisoning in ED room underscores the urgent need for stringent regulatory measures to control its access in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100246
Vijaya Marakala , Gulam Saidunnisa Begum , Salima Al Maqbali , Elham Said Ahmed Al Risi
Objectives
To assess the prevalence and demographic distribution of thyroid dysfunction in the Al Batinah North Governorate, Oman, and to examine associations between thyroid hormone levels and lipid profiles.
Methods
This retrospective observational study was conducted at Sohar Hospital, a major referral centre in Al Batinah North. Electronic medical records of 40,390 patients who underwent thyroid function testing between 2020 and 2024 were reviewed. The prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, demographic distribution (age, gender), and associations between thyroid hormone levels and lipid profiles were analyzed. Only the first thyroid panel per patient was included to avoid duplication.
Results
Of the 40,390 patients, 78.7 % were euthyroid, 13.9 % had subclinical hypothyroidism, 3.4 % had subclinical hyperthyroidism, 2.1 % had overt hyperthyroidism, and 2.0 % had overt hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction was more prevalent among females (67.5 %) than males (32.5 %). Hypothyroidism was most frequent in individuals aged 0–17 years, while hyperthyroidism was more common in adults aged 36–50 years. A statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between free thyroxine (FT4) and serum lipid levels (cholesterol: r = −0.12, p < 0.001; triglycerides: r = −0.10, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Thyroid dysfunction, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism, was common in this hospital-based Omani cohort and disproportionately affected females. Associations with lipid abnormalities were statistically significant but weak. Findings should be interpreted with caution due to the retrospective design, hospital-based sampling, and incomplete adjustment for confounders. Population-based studies are required to establish true prevalence and long-term metabolic outcomes.
目的评估阿曼Al Batinah北省甲状腺功能障碍的患病率和人口分布，并研究甲状腺激素水平和血脂之间的关系。方法本回顾性观察研究在Al Batinah北部主要转诊中心Sohar医院进行。对2020年至2024年间接受甲状腺功能检测的40390名患者的电子病历进行了回顾。分析了亚临床和显性甲状腺功能减退和甲状腺功能亢进的患病率、人口分布（年龄、性别）以及甲状腺激素水平和血脂之间的关系。为避免重复，仅包括每位患者的第一次甲状腺检查。结果40390例患者中，78.7%为甲状腺功能正常，13.9%为亚临床甲状腺功能减退，3.4%为亚临床甲状腺功能亢进，2.1%为显性甲状腺功能亢进，2.0%为显性甲状腺功能减退。甲状腺功能障碍在女性（67.5%）中比男性（32.5%）更为普遍。甲状腺功能减退最常见于0-17岁的个体，而甲状腺功能亢进更常见于36-50岁的成年人。游离甲状腺素（FT4）与血脂水平呈显著负相关（胆固醇：r = - 0.12, p < 0.001；甘油三酯：r = - 0.10, p < 0.001）。结论：甲状腺功能障碍，特别是亚临床甲状腺功能减退，在阿曼医院队列中很常见，且不成比例地影响女性。与脂质异常的相关性有统计学意义，但较弱。由于回顾性设计、基于医院的抽样和混杂因素的不完全调整，研究结果应谨慎解释。需要基于人群的研究来确定真正的患病率和长期代谢结果。
{"title":"Prevalence of thyroid disorders in a tertiary care hospital in Al Batinah North Governorate, Oman","authors":"Vijaya Marakala , Gulam Saidunnisa Begum , Salima Al Maqbali , Elham Said Ahmed Al Risi","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the prevalence and demographic distribution of thyroid dysfunction in the Al Batinah North Governorate, Oman, and to examine associations between thyroid hormone levels and lipid profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective observational study was conducted at Sohar Hospital, a major referral centre in Al Batinah North. Electronic medical records of 40,390 patients who underwent thyroid function testing between 2020 and 2024 were reviewed. The prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, demographic distribution (age, gender), and associations between thyroid hormone levels and lipid profiles were analyzed. Only the first thyroid panel per patient was included to avoid duplication.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 40,390 patients, 78.7 % were euthyroid, 13.9 % had subclinical hypothyroidism, 3.4 % had subclinical hyperthyroidism, 2.1 % had overt hyperthyroidism, and 2.0 % had overt hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction was more prevalent among females (67.5 %) than males (32.5 %). Hypothyroidism was most frequent in individuals aged 0–17 years, while hyperthyroidism was more common in adults aged 36–50 years. A statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between free thyroxine (FT4) and serum lipid levels (cholesterol: <em>r</em> = −0.12, <em>p</em> < 0.001; triglycerides: <em>r</em> = −0.10, p < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Thyroid dysfunction, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism, was common in this hospital-based Omani cohort and disproportionately affected females. Associations with lipid abnormalities were statistically significant but weak. Findings should be interpreted with caution due to the retrospective design, hospital-based sampling, and incomplete adjustment for confounders. Population-based studies are required to establish true prevalence and long-term metabolic outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100245
Chowdhury Abdullah Al Asif , Md. Abul Kalam , Nayla Ferdousi Haque , Sabrina Karim , Lima Rahman , Muhammad Imran , Paul Bouey , Rounak Khan , Mohammad Rifat Haider
Objective
Comprehensive knowledge of HIV transmission and positive attitudes toward people with HIV (PWH) are key to HIV prevention and care. This study assessed the potential mediational role of comprehensive HIV knowledge between receiving HIV information during antenatal care (ANC) visits and positive attitudes toward PWH among reproductive-age women in Bangladesh.
Methods
We analyzed the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data (N = 5118). Comprehensive HIV knowledge scale (9-item; Cronbach's alpha = 0.706) and Attitudes toward PWH scale (2-item; Cronbach's alpha = 0.84) were constructed. Receiving HIV information was a dichotomous variable (yes/no). A multivariable structural equation model was controlled for age, ethnicity, education, rural/urban residence, media exposure, marital status, wealth index, and division. All analyses were performed using Stata 18.0.
Results
After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, receiving HIV transmission knowledge during ANC was not associated with positive attitudes toward PWH (B = 0.06, p = 0.101). Receiving HIV information was positively associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge (B = 0.39; p < 0.0.001), and comprehensive HIV knowledge was positively associated with positive attitudes toward PWH (B = 0.13; p < 0.001). The indirect effect of comprehensive HIV knowledge on the relationship between receiving HIV information during ANC and positive attitudes toward PWH was statistically significant (B = 0.05, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Given the mediational role of comprehensive HIV knowledge between receiving HIV information and positive attitudes toward PWH, providing HIV information during ANC should be a routine practice to capture the teachable moments to prevent HIV transmission.
目的全面认识艾滋病毒传播，积极对待艾滋病毒感染者（PWH）是预防和护理艾滋病毒的关键。本研究评估了全面的艾滋病毒知识在产前护理（ANC）访问期间接受艾滋病毒信息和孟加拉国育龄妇女对PWH的积极态度之间的潜在中介作用。方法对2019年多指标聚类调查数据（N = 5118）进行分析。构建HIV知识综合量表（9项，Cronbach’s alpha = 0.706）和PWH态度量表（2项，Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84）。接受艾滋病毒信息是一个二分类变量（是/否）。采用多变量结构方程模型控制年龄、种族、教育程度、城乡居住、媒体接触、婚姻状况、财富指数和划分等因素。所有分析均使用Stata 18.0进行。结果在调整了社会人口学特征后，ANC期间获得HIV传播知识与对PWH的积极态度无关（B = 0.06, p = 0.101）。接受HIV信息与全面的HIV知识呈正相关（B = 0.39; p < 0.0.001），全面的HIV知识与对PWH的积极态度呈正相关（B = 0.13; p < 0.001）。HIV综合知识对ANC期间接受HIV信息与PWH积极态度之间关系的间接影响有统计学意义（B = 0.05, p < 0.001）。结论综合艾滋病毒知识在接受艾滋病毒信息与对PWH的积极态度之间具有中介作用，应在ANC期间定期提供艾滋病毒信息，以抓住预防艾滋病毒传播的教育时刻。
{"title":"Role of comprehensive HIV knowledge as a mediator between receiving HIV information during antenatal care visits and positive attitudes toward people living with HIV among reproductive-age women in Bangladesh","authors":"Chowdhury Abdullah Al Asif , Md. Abul Kalam , Nayla Ferdousi Haque , Sabrina Karim , Lima Rahman , Muhammad Imran , Paul Bouey , Rounak Khan , Mohammad Rifat Haider","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Comprehensive knowledge of HIV transmission and positive attitudes toward people with HIV (PWH) are key to HIV prevention and care. This study assessed the potential mediational role of comprehensive HIV knowledge between receiving HIV information during antenatal care (ANC) visits and positive attitudes toward PWH among reproductive-age women in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data (<em>N</em> = 5118). Comprehensive HIV knowledge scale (9-item; Cronbach's alpha = 0.706) and Attitudes toward PWH scale (2-item; Cronbach's alpha = 0.84) were constructed. Receiving HIV information was a dichotomous variable (yes/no). A multivariable structural equation model was controlled for age, ethnicity, education, rural/urban residence, media exposure, marital status, wealth index, and division. All analyses were performed using Stata 18.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, receiving HIV transmission knowledge during ANC was not associated with positive attitudes toward PWH (B = 0.06, <em>p</em> = 0.101). Receiving HIV information was positively associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge (B = 0.39; <em>p</em> < 0.0.001), and comprehensive HIV knowledge was positively associated with positive attitudes toward PWH (B = 0.13; <em>p</em> < 0.001). The indirect effect of comprehensive HIV knowledge on the relationship between receiving HIV information during ANC and positive attitudes toward PWH was statistically significant (B = 0.05, <em>p</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the mediational role of comprehensive HIV knowledge between receiving HIV information and positive attitudes toward PWH, providing HIV information during ANC should be a routine practice to capture the teachable moments to prevent HIV transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100244
Asha Rao, Surendra Sarnikar
Purpose
Despite high unemployment and discrimination, disability is often overshadowed by race and gender in workplace diversity discussions. This study sought to uncover the work-related sentiments of people with epilepsy (PWE) in their own voices. Epilepsy is a stigmatized invisible disability wherein first-person accounts are difficult to uncover because of stigma. Hence, the discussion on accommodation, inclusion and access for PWE is driven by others, rather than people with epilepsy. By hearing from PWE, workplace solutions can be more relevant to their needs
Design
We use unobtrusive data mining of discussions by PWE by studying anonymous posts on the Epilepsy Foundation community forum over a 16-year period. We examine their sentiments, beliefs, and emotions impacting work for people with epilepsy (PWE), and analyzed perceptions of discrimination to understand what organizations can do better to be inclusive and supportive at work
Findings
We found that PWE sentiments around work were more positive compared to nonwork sentiments. Their work sentiments were analytical, achievement oriented and associated with positive emotions. Work was associated with love and affiliation. However, PWE posts were broadly also more anxious, health centered and tentative reflecting their fears around their health and stigma in employment
Originality
This study is unique in using unobtrusive data mining techniques to analyze the challenges faced by people with disabilities. To our knowledge, there is no such study of adults with epilepsy and the workplace. The methodology used reduces response bias. Questions about disability are difficult to answer for people who face stigma around their disability.
{"title":"Overhearing hushed voices: Using unobtrusive methods to uncover the work-related sentiments of people with epilepsy","authors":"Asha Rao, Surendra Sarnikar","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Despite high unemployment and discrimination, disability is often overshadowed by race and gender in workplace diversity discussions. This study sought to uncover the work-related sentiments of people with epilepsy (PWE) in their own voices. Epilepsy is a stigmatized invisible disability wherein first-person accounts are difficult to uncover because of stigma. Hence, the discussion on accommodation, inclusion and access for PWE is driven by others, rather than people with epilepsy. By hearing from PWE, workplace solutions can be more relevant to their needs</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>We use unobtrusive data mining of discussions by PWE by studying anonymous posts on the Epilepsy Foundation community forum over a 16-year period. We examine their sentiments, beliefs, and emotions impacting work for people with epilepsy (PWE), and analyzed perceptions of discrimination to understand what organizations can do better to be inclusive and supportive at work</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>We found that PWE sentiments around work were more positive compared to nonwork sentiments. Their work sentiments were analytical, achievement oriented and associated with positive emotions. Work was associated with love and affiliation. However, PWE posts were broadly also more anxious, health centered and tentative reflecting their fears around their health and stigma in employment</div></div><div><h3>Originality</h3><div>This study is unique in using unobtrusive data mining techniques to analyze the challenges faced by people with disabilities. To our knowledge, there is no such study of adults with epilepsy and the workplace. The methodology used reduces response bias. Questions about disability are difficult to answer for people who face stigma around their disability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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