Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献_第9页

Social media for recovery support for people with substance use disorder. A cross-sectional study of use patterns and motivations 为物质使用障碍患者提供康复支持的社交媒体。使用模式和动机的横断面研究

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100331

Chanda Phelan , Abby P.M. Katz , Jennifer E. Merrill , Kristina M. Jackson , Tyler B. Wray

Objective

This study examined the use of social media for recovery support among individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) with past-year treatment attendance and tested whether demographic and SUD history factors were associated with use of social media for recovery support.

Method

Participants (N = 255; 45 % female, 85 % white, mean age = 41.4 [9.6]) recently treated for SUD completed an online survey. The survey gathered demographics, SUD histories, and social media use data. We report descriptive statistics and logistic regression models testing relationships between social media for recovery support and individual factors.

Results

Forty percent of participants used social media for recovery support, and most believed it beneficial. Being female increased use likelihood (OR = 2.56, 95 % CI [1.49, 4.46]), while older age (50 +) was associated with lower use likelihood than young adults (18−35) (OR = 0.35, 95 % CI [0.14, 0.84]). Social media was used primarily to build support systems and follow recovery-related content. Most found support forums on their own, and engaged with the groups for meaningful amounts of time (>weekly, >15 minutes).

Conclusions

Results highlight how common it is to use social media for recovery support. Given the sparse evidence on its efficacy, more research is urgently needed to establish whether recovery support forums on social media convey actual benefits, and how to shape one’s digital environment to maximize those benefits.

目的本研究考察了过去一年参加药物使用障碍（SUD）治疗的个体使用社交媒体进行康复支持的情况，并检验人口统计学和SUD病史因素是否与使用社交媒体进行康复支持有关。方法参与者(N = 255；45%的女性，85%的白人，平均年龄= 41.4[9.6])最近接受了SUD的在线调查。该调查收集了人口统计、SUD历史和社交媒体使用数据。我们报告了描述性统计和逻辑回归模型，测试了社交媒体对恢复支持和个人因素之间的关系。结果40%的参与者使用社交媒体来获得康复支持，大多数人认为这是有益的。女性增加了使用可能性（OR = 2.56, 95% CI[1.49, 4.46]），而年龄较大（50岁以上）的使用可能性低于年轻人（18 - 35）（OR = 0.35, 95% CI[0.14, 0.84]）。社交媒体主要用于建立支持系统和跟踪与恢复相关的内容。大多数人都自己找到了支持论坛，并花了大量的时间（每周15分钟）参与其中。研究结果强调了使用社交媒体进行康复支持是多么普遍。鉴于其有效性的证据很少，迫切需要更多的研究来确定社交媒体上的康复支持论坛是否能带来实际的好处，以及如何塑造一个人的数字环境来最大化这些好处。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of recent stimulant use on treatment outcomes amongst individuals initiating medications for opioid use disorders: Secondary analysis of a multisite randomized controlled trial 阿片类药物使用障碍患者近期服用兴奋剂对治疗效果的影响：多站点随机对照试验的二次分析

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100330

Cari Coles , Courtney Batts , Joanne Bae , Gabriela León , Alex Schmidt , Sterling M. McPherson , Crystal L. Smith , André C. Miguel

Introduction

Illicit stimulant use among individuals initiating medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) has significantly increased over the past decade. Co-use of these substances is associated with increased risk of mortality as well as worse treatment outcomes. This study examines the potential predictive role of stimulant urinalysis result at baseline on treatment retention and opioid and stimulant use outcomes amongst individuals initiating MOUD treatment.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional secondary analysis of data from a multi-site randomized clinical trial (CTN-0027). A total of 1269 individuals were randomized to receive 24 weeks of buprenorphine (n = 740) or methadone (n = 529) treatment across nine sites. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were conducted to determine the impact of baseline stimulant urinalysis results on treatment retention, and stimulant and opioid use outcomes.

Results

Individuals initiating MOUD with a stimulant negative urinalysis result at baseline submitted more negative stimulant (ꞵ=7.8; 95 % CI 6.8–8.7) and opioid (ꞵ=2.8; 95 % CI 1.8–3.8) urinalyses during treatment, were more likely to complete treatment (aOR=1.4; 95 % CI 1.1–1.7), and had better outcomes at six-month follow-up, measured as negative urinalysis for stimulant (aOR=5.3; 95 % CI 3.6–7.7), and opioid (aOR=1.8; 95 % CI 1.3–2.6).

Conclusion

Baseline stimulant use is associated with worse MOUD treatment outcomes, underscoring the need for novel integrated interventions designed to address opioid and stimulant co-use.

在过去十年中，开始使用阿片类药物使用障碍（mod）药物的个人中非法兴奋剂的使用显着增加。这些物质的共同使用与死亡风险增加以及治疗结果恶化有关。本研究探讨了兴奋剂尿检结果在基线时对治疗保留和阿片类药物和兴奋剂使用结果的潜在预测作用。方法：本研究是对一项多地点随机临床试验（CTN-0027）数据的横断面二次分析。共有1269人在9个地点随机接受24周的丁丙诺啡（n = 740）或美沙酮（n = 529）治疗。进行了多元线性和逻辑回归，以确定基线兴奋剂尿液分析结果对治疗保留、兴奋剂和阿片类药物使用结果的影响。结果在基线尿检结果为兴奋剂阴性的个体初始化mod时提交了更多的阴性兴奋剂(ꞵ=7.8；95% CI 6.8-8.7)和阿片类药物(ꞵ=2.8；95% CI 1.8-3.8)的患者更有可能完成治疗(aOR=1.4；95% CI 1.1-1.7)，并且在6个月的随访中有更好的结果，测量为尿检阴性兴奋剂(aOR=5.3；95% CI 3.6-7.7)和阿片类药物(aOR=1.8；95% ci 1.3-2.6)。结论：基线兴奋剂使用与不良的mod治疗结果相关，强调需要设计新的综合干预措施来解决阿片类药物和兴奋剂的共同使用。

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing withdrawal from long-acting injectable buprenorphine: An observational case series 长效注射丁丙诺啡停药的特征：观察性病例系列

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100329

Victoria Hayes , Llewellyn Mills , Gaye Byron , Carolyn Stubley , Eleanor Black , Benjamin T. Trevitt , Andrew A. Somogyi , Arshman Sahid , Nicholas Lintzeris

Introduction

Long-acting injectable buprenorphine (LAIB) products are being increasingly used to treat patients with opioid dependence. Limited data is available on the severity or timespan (time to onset, peak, duration) of withdrawal signs and symptoms following discontinuation of treatment.

Methods

Participants aiming to discontinue long-term LAIB treatment commenced the study on the day of their final dose of Buvidal® 64 mg Monthly. Participants were monitored with weekly assessments of withdrawal severity, cravings, general health, and patient experience measures for up to 16 weeks after last dose.

Results

Fifteen participants – those who remained for at least four weeks after the last LAIB dose – were included in the study. There was minimal increase in withdrawal severity over the study period, with an average peak Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale score of 4.8 ± 2.7, occurring at a median of 6 weeks (IQR 4–7.5) after the last LAIB dose. Cravings scores were generally low but increased gradually over the 16-week study period. There was no deterioration in physical or mental health scores, and participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the withdrawal experience. Ten participants used rescue medications, predominately in weeks 5 or 6 after the last dose.

Discussion and conclusions

Participants (last dose of Buvidal® 64 mg Monthly) experienced minimal or mild withdrawal signs and symptoms, usually peaking in severity between 5 and 8 weeks after the last dose. These results are encouraging, however clinical trials comparing withdrawal outcomes between LAIB, sublingual buprenorphine (SL BPN) and methadone are required to inform treatment planning.

长效注射丁丙诺啡（LAIB）产品越来越多地用于治疗阿片类药物依赖患者。关于停药后停药体征和症状的严重程度或时间跨度（发病时间、高峰时间、持续时间）的数据有限。旨在停止长期LAIB治疗的参与者在每月服用Buvidal®64 mg的最后剂量当天开始研究。在最后一次给药后的16周内，每周对参与者进行戒断严重程度、渴望、一般健康状况和患者体验措施的评估。结果15名参与者——在最后一次注射LAIB后至少持续了4周——被纳入研究。在研究期间，戒断严重程度的增加最小，临床阿片类药物戒断量表评分的平均峰值为4.8±2.7，发生在最后一次LAIB剂量后的中位6周（IQR 4-7.5）。渴望得分通常较低，但在16周的研究期间逐渐增加。身体或心理健康得分没有下降，参与者报告对戒断体验的满意度很高。10名参与者使用了抢救药物，主要是在最后一次服药后的第5周或第6周。讨论和结论：参与者（每月最后一次Buvidal®64mg）出现轻微或轻度戒断体征和症状，通常在最后一次给药后5至8周达到严重程度。这些结果令人鼓舞，但是需要临床试验比较LAIB、舌下丁丙诺啡（SL BPN）和美沙酮之间的停药结果，以便为治疗计划提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Long acting injectable buprenorphine: Perspectives from service-users, staff and stakeholders 长效注射丁丙诺啡：服务使用者、工作人员和利益相关者的观点

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100328

Rebecca Fish , Céu Mateus , Hannah Maiden , Euan Lawson , Mark Limmer

Introduction

Long-acting injectable buprenorphine (LAIB) is a relatively novel pharmacological treatment for people with opioid dependence. Despite growing qualitative evidence, there is limited research on practitioner insights, and effectiveness of LAIB in a community setting.

Methods

Thirteen service-users (11 currently prescribed LAIB), 6 practitioners, and 4 stakeholders (public health workers) took part in semi-structured interviews (n = 23) to glean their perspectives on LAIB. They were recruited through a community drug treatment service in the NW of England. The interview schedule was informed by previous literature and co-produced with a peer worker with lived experience of drug recovery treatment. Transcripts were analysed thematically by the research team.

Results

Four major themes were identified from the interviews: A change of focus; challenges; wrap-around support; and target groups.

Discussion

Our findings support existing evidence around the individual benefits to service-users such as changes to lifestyle and reduction of stigma, as well as challenges such as the need for wrap-around support and accessible information. We found that commissioning considerations such as geographical inequalities and the need for multi-service collaboration are important in this setting.

Conclusions

LAIB treatment works well for many people in a community context that offers significant wrap-around support to service-users. The novelty of this research lies in bringing together the views of practitioners and stakeholders as well as treatment/service beneficiaries in evaluating the introduction of LAIB in a community service.

长效注射丁丙诺啡（LAIB）是一种相对较新的阿片类药物依赖药物治疗方法。尽管有越来越多的定性证据，但对从业者的见解和社区环境中LAIB的有效性的研究有限。方法对13名服务使用者（11名现行规定的LAIB）、6名从业人员和4名利益相关者（公共卫生工作者）进行半结构化访谈（n = 23），收集他们对LAIB的看法。他们是通过英格兰西北部的一个社区药物治疗服务机构招募的。访谈时间表参考了以往的文献，并与一位有药物康复治疗生活经验的同行工作者共同制定。研究小组对转录本进行了主题分析。结果从访谈中确定了四个主要主题：焦点的变化；挑战;全方位的支持;目标群体。我们的研究结果支持了现有的证据，证明了服务使用者的个人利益，如生活方式的改变和耻辱的减少，以及对全面支持和可获取信息的需求等挑战。我们发现，在这种情况下，地理不平等和多服务协作需求等调试考虑因素很重要。结论slaib治疗在社区环境中对许多人都有很好的效果，为服务使用者提供了重要的一揽子支持。本研究的新颖之处在于，在评估在社区服务中引入LAIB时，汇集了从业人员和利益相关者以及治疗/服务受益人的观点。

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引用次数: 0

Naloxone training programs in corporately-owned versus independently-owned Alabama community pharmacies: A pilot cross-sectional survey 公司拥有的与独立拥有的阿拉巴马州社区药房的纳洛酮培训计划：一项试点横断面调查

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100326

Erin Blythe , Nicholas McCormick , Shannon Woods , Karen Pham , Asia White , Hannah Bricker , Sadie Newhouse , Anne Taylor , Lindsey Hohmann

Introduction

Alabama community pharmacists have the ability to furnish naloxone. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences between naloxone training, policies, procedures, and preferences in corporately-owned (chain) versus independently-owned pharmacies in Alabama.

Methods

An online cross-sectional survey was distributed to Alabama community pharmacists via email. Outcome measures included: 1) in-house versus outsourced naloxone education/training topics (13-item multiple-choice); 2) naloxone training preferences (5-item multiple-choice); and 3) perceived usefulness of naloxone education sources (14-item Likert scale from 1 =strongly disagree to 5 =strongly agree). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 2-sided Fisher’s Exact tests for categorical and Mann Whitney U tests for continuous/ordinal outcomes.

Results

Among the respondents (N = 64), 37 % were female, 95 % White, with an average age of 42 years. Less pharmacists received naloxone training (77 % vs 98 %, p = 0.016), naloxone education mandated by employers (7 % vs 97 %, p < 0.001), and mean[SD] in-house naloxone education topics (3.7[4.9] vs 8.5[4.2], p = 0.003) in independent versus chain pharmacies. Most independent and chain pharmacies preferred naloxone training in an online self-study format (53 % vs 45 %, p = 0.529). However, mean[SD] perceived usefulness of training sources was lower for employer-based training (2.93[0.96] vs 3.90[1.01], p = 0.003), the Alabama Department of Public Health (2.87[1.19] vs 3.66[0.90], p = 0.024), and the Veterans Affairs Administration (1.60[0.91] vs 2.41[0.98], p = 0.013) amongst independents versus chains.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that pharmacists are not all receiving the same training in independent versus chain pharmacies. Targeted training efforts, including development of educational programs tailored to preferences in pharmacy settings, may lead to more efficient and informed provision of naloxone.

阿拉巴马州社区药剂师有能力提供纳洛酮。本研究的目的是确定阿拉巴马州私营（连锁）药店与独立药店的纳洛酮培训、政策、程序和偏好之间的差异。方法通过电子邮件向阿拉巴马州社区药师发放在线横断面调查问卷。结果测量包括：1)内部与外包纳洛酮教育/培训主题（13项多项选择）；2)纳洛酮训练偏好（5项选择题）；3)纳洛酮教育资源的感知有用性（14项李克特量表从1 =非常不同意到5 =非常同意）。对数据进行描述性统计分析，对分类结果采用双侧Fisher’s Exact检验，对连续/有序结果采用Mann Whitney U检验。结果64例患者中，女性占37%，白人占95%，平均年龄42岁。接受纳洛酮培训（77%对98%，p = 0.016）、雇主要求的纳洛酮教育（7%对97%，p < 0.001）以及独立药房与连锁药店内部纳洛酮教育主题（3.7[4.9]对8.5[4.2],p = 0.003）的平均[SD]较少。大多数独立和连锁药店更喜欢在线自学形式的纳洛酮培训（53%对45%，p = 0.529）。然而，在独立医院和连锁医院中，以雇主为基础的培训的平均[SD]感知有用性较低（2.93[0.96]对3.90[1.01],p = 0.003），阿拉巴马州公共卫生部（2.87[1.19]对3.66[0.90],p = 0.024），退伍军人事务管理局（1.60[0.91]对2.41[0.98],p = 0.013）。结论独立药房和连锁药店的药师接受的培训不尽相同。有针对性的培训工作，包括根据药房设置的偏好制定教育计划，可能会导致更有效和更明智地提供纳洛酮。

{"title":"Naloxone training programs in corporately-owned versus independently-owned Alabama community pharmacies: A pilot cross-sectional survey","authors":"Erin Blythe , Nicholas McCormick , Shannon Woods , Karen Pham , Asia White , Hannah Bricker , Sadie Newhouse , Anne Taylor , Lindsey Hohmann","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alabama community pharmacists have the ability to furnish naloxone. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences between naloxone training, policies, procedures, and preferences in corporately-owned (chain) versus independently-owned pharmacies in Alabama.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online cross-sectional survey was distributed to Alabama community pharmacists via email. Outcome measures included: 1) in-house versus outsourced naloxone education/training topics (13-item multiple-choice); 2) naloxone training preferences (5-item multiple-choice); and 3) perceived usefulness of naloxone education sources (14-item Likert scale from 1 =strongly disagree to 5 =strongly agree). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 2-sided Fisher’s Exact tests for categorical and Mann Whitney U tests for continuous/ordinal outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the respondents (N = 64), 37 % were female, 95 % White, with an average age of 42 years. Less pharmacists received naloxone training (77 % vs 98 %, p = 0.016), naloxone education mandated by employers (7 % vs 97 %, p < 0.001), and mean[SD] in-house naloxone education topics (3.7[4.9] vs 8.5[4.2], p = 0.003) in independent versus chain pharmacies. Most independent and chain pharmacies preferred naloxone training in an online self-study format (53 % vs 45 %, p = 0.529). However, mean[SD] perceived usefulness of training sources was lower for employer-based training (2.93[0.96] vs 3.90[1.01], p = 0.003), the Alabama Department of Public Health (2.87[1.19] vs 3.66[0.90], p = 0.024), and the Veterans Affairs Administration (1.60[0.91] vs 2.41[0.98], p = 0.013) amongst independents versus chains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings suggest that pharmacists are not all receiving the same training in independent versus chain pharmacies. Targeted training efforts, including development of educational programs tailored to preferences in pharmacy settings, may lead to more efficient and informed provision of naloxone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A phase I pilot study of a mobile education tool for supporting pregnant women with opioid use disorder 支持阿片类药物使用障碍孕妇的流动教育工具的第一阶段试点研究

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100327

Ekaterina Burduli , Jessica Fitts Willoughby , Kaylee Paulsgrove , Anna Winquist , Sterling M. McPherson , Ron Kim Johnson , Hendrée E. Jones

Background

Perinatal opioid use disorder (OUD) and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) require targeted interventions to address gaps in maternal education and support. Maternal involvement in non-pharmacological NAS care is essential for improving neonatal outcomes, yet many mothers lack accessible resources to manage NAS symptoms and to navigate social and healthcare challenges. Mobile health applications offer a promising solution, but few cater specifically to the needs of perinatal women with OUD.

Objective

We assessed the usability, acceptability, and feasibility of a new mobile educational tool for pregnant women with OUD, focusing on the perinatal period and NAS care.

Results

Six perinatal women with OUD (n = 1 pregnant, n = 5 postpartum; mean age 31) found the tool highly acceptable (modified CSQ-8 mean=28.8 out of 32) and usable (modified SUS mean=45.0 out of 50). Most were likely to use the tool during pregnancy and postpartum, citing improved preparedness for advocating for themselves, managing NAS, and navigating CPS. Feedback suggested expanding content on infant withdrawal medications.

Conclusions

This mobile tool shows promise in empowering perinatal women with OUD. Further research is needed to evaluate its impact on clinical and neonatal outcomes.

围产期阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）和新生儿戒断综合征（NAS）需要有针对性的干预措施来解决孕产妇教育和支持方面的差距。产妇参与非药物NAS护理对改善新生儿结局至关重要，但许多母亲缺乏可获得的资源来管理NAS症状并应对社会和医疗挑战。移动保健应用程序提供了一个很有前途的解决方案，但很少有专门针对患有OUD的围产期妇女的需求。目的评估一种新型OUD孕妇移动教育工具的可用性、可接受性和可行性，重点关注围产期和NAS护理。结果围产期OUD患者6例(孕期1例，产后5例；平均年龄31岁)发现该工具高度可接受（修改后的CSQ-8平均=28.8 / 32）和可用（修改后的SUS平均=45.0 / 50）。大多数人可能在怀孕和产后使用该工具，理由是为自己宣传、管理NAS和导航CPS做好了更好的准备。反馈建议扩大婴儿戒断药物的内容。结论：该移动工具有望增强患有OUD的围产期妇女的权能。需要进一步的研究来评估其对临床和新生儿结局的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of SSRI and SNRI co-prescription on benzodiazepine prescription trajectories SSRI和SNRI合用对苯二氮卓类药物处方轨迹的影响

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100325

Kerry L. Kinney , Eliseu da Cruz Moreira-Junior , Laís F. Berro , Matthew C. Morris , James K. Rowlett

Purpose

This study examined whether co-prescription of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI)s with benzodiazepines is associated with differences in benzodiazepine prescriptions both within individual patients over time and between patients.

Methods

We analyzed deidentified electronic health records of patients prescribed a benzodiazepine between 2020 and 2022 (N = 847). Patients were categorized into three groups: those co-prescribed an SSRI, those co-prescribed an SNRI, and those not co-prescribed an SSRI or SNRI.

Results

Individuals co-prescribed an SSRI (M=6.63) or an SNRI (M=8.31) had more benzodiazepine prescription encounters than those who were not co-prescribed an SSRI/SNRI (M=5.08). Individuals co-prescribed an SSRI or SNRI also received a higher maximum benzodiazepine dosage than those who were not co-prescribed an SSRI/SNRI (SSRI M=2.41; SNRI M=2.30; No SSRI/SNRI M=1.91 diazepam milligram equivalent defined daily doses). Multilevel models indicated the SSRI co-prescription group received a higher initial benzodiazepine dosage (b=0.394), but showed no significant change in benzodiazepine dosage over time. When controlling for demographic and clinical correlates of benzodiazepine prescriptions, those who were not co-prescribed an SSRI showed an increase in benzodiazepine dose over time (b=0.075). Multilevel models revealed no relationship between SNRI co-prescription and starting benzodiazepine dosage or change in benzodiazepine dosage over time. An anxiety disorder diagnosis, younger age, and non-Black/African American race were associated with higher benzodiazepine dose.

Conclusions

Individuals who are co-prescribed an SSRI/SNRI may be vulnerable to longer treatment durations and higher prescribed doses of benzodiazepines, raising concerns about risk for dependence among individuals receiving combined benzodiazepine and SSRI/SNRI treatment.

目的：本研究探讨了选择性5 -羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）或5 -羟色胺或去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（SNRI）与苯二氮卓类药物的合用是否与个体患者和患者之间苯二氮卓类药物处方的差异有关。方法分析2020年至2022年服用苯二氮卓类药物患者的电子健康记录（N = 847）。患者被分为三组：联合服用SSRI的患者，联合服用SNRI的患者，以及未联合服用SSRI或SNRI的患者。结果合用SSRI组（M=6.63）或SNRI组（M=8.31）比未合用SSRI/SNRI组（M=5.08）有更多的苯二氮卓类药物处方遭遇。同时服用SSRI或SNRI的个体也比未服用SSRI/SNRI的个体获得更高的苯二氮卓类药物的最大剂量(SSRI M=2.41；SNRI M = 2.30;无SSRI/SNRI M=1.91地西泮毫克当量定义日剂量)。多水平模型显示，SSRI共处方组的苯二氮卓类药物初始剂量较高（b=0.394），但苯二氮卓类药物剂量随时间变化不显著。在控制了苯二氮卓类药物处方的人口学和临床相关因素后，未同时服用SSRI的患者苯二氮卓类药物剂量随时间增加（b=0.075）。多水平模型显示SNRI联合处方与苯二氮卓类药物起始剂量或苯二氮卓类药物剂量随时间的变化没有关系。焦虑障碍诊断、年龄较小、非黑人/非裔美国人种族与苯二氮卓类药物剂量较高相关。结论联合使用SSRI/SNRI的个体可能容易受到更长治疗时间和更高处方剂量的苯二氮卓类药物的影响，这增加了对接受苯二氮卓类药物和SSRI/SNRI联合治疗的个体依赖风险的担忧。

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引用次数: 0

The psychostimulant drug, fenethylline (captagon): Health risks, addiction and the global impact of illicit trade 精神兴奋剂药物非乙基林：健康风险、成瘾和非法贸易的全球影响

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100323

Matthew Chidozie Ogwu , Matěj Malík , Pavel Tlustoš , Jiří Patočka

Fenethylline (street name, captagon) is a synthetic amphetamine-type stimulant that is emerging as a significant public health and security concern, particularly in the Middle East. This systematic review synthesizes original research articles, epidemiological studies, systematic reviews, policy analyses, and case reports to provide a comprehensive analysis of fenethylline’s health impacts, addiction potential, and dynamics of illicit trade. Initially developed for therapeutic use, fenethylline illicit production and use have escalated, raising concern about its physiological, psychological, and socio-economic impacts. This stimulant profoundly affects the central nervous system, enhancing wakefulness, concentration, and physical stamina while inducing euphoria. These effects come at the cost of serious adverse health outcomes, particularly with prolonged or heavy use, including cardiovascular complications, neurological damage, and addiction. The dependence-forming nature of captagon contributes to escalating substance use disorders, impacting healthcare systems. Beyond its biomedical implications, fenethylline trafficking has become a global issue, with supply chains deeply intertwined with politically unstable regions where illicit economies thrive. The geopolitical dimensions of captagon’s trade amplify its global security threat, influencing international relations and regional stability. This paper underscores the urgent need for systematic data collection and coordinated efforts to regulate illicit fenethylline production and distribution. Strategies such as improved surveillance, public health interventions, and international cooperation are essential to mitigate its escalating risks. Addressing this issue requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating public health, law enforcement, and policy development to curb its impact on global health and security.

Fenethylline（俗称captagon）是一种合成苯丙胺类兴奋剂，正在成为一个重大的公共卫生和安全问题，特别是在中东。这一系统审查综合了原始研究文章、流行病学研究、系统审查、政策分析和病例报告，对非乙基林的健康影响、成瘾潜力和非法贸易的动态进行了全面分析。苯乙烯碱最初是为治疗用途开发的，但非法生产和使用已经升级，引起了人们对其生理、心理和社会经济影响的关注。这种兴奋剂深刻地影响中枢神经系统，增强清醒、集中力和体力，同时引起欣快感。这些影响的代价是严重的不良健康后果，特别是长期或大量使用，包括心血管并发症、神经损伤和成瘾。captagon的依赖形成性质有助于升级物质使用障碍，影响医疗保健系统。除其生物医学影响外，苯乙烯碱贩运已成为一个全球性问题，其供应链与非法经济蓬勃发展的政治不稳定地区深深交织在一起。美国贸易的地缘政治维度放大了其对全球安全的威胁，影响着国际关系和地区稳定。本文强调迫切需要系统地收集数据和协调努力，以管制非法苯乙烯碱的生产和销售。改善监测、公共卫生干预和国际合作等战略对于减轻其不断升级的风险至关重要。解决这一问题需要采取多学科方法，将公共卫生、执法和政策制定结合起来，以遏制其对全球卫生和安全的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Receipt of medication for opioid use disorder among rural and urban veterans health administration patients” [Drug Alcohol Depend. Rep. 14 (2025) 100311] “农村和城市退伍军人卫生管理部门病人中阿片类药物使用障碍的药物接收情况”[药物酒精依赖]的勘误。众议员14 (2025)100311]

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100319

Olivia C. Reynolds , Kathleen F. Carlson , Adam J. Gordon , Robert L. Handley , Benjamin J. Morasco , Todd P. Korthuis , Travis I. Lovejoy , Jessica J. Wyse

引用次数: 0

Protocol for a new family history of addiction density score to aid in the treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders 一个新的成瘾密度评分家族史的方案，以帮助治疗酒精和物质使用障碍

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100321

Jessica L. Bourdon , Jordan Wright , Sabrina Verdecanna , Mer W. Francis , Vivia V. McCutcheon

Background

While molecular and non-molecular genetic testing are the gold standard for assessing a person’s familial liability for substance use disorders, such testing is often inaccessible. Family history information collected at intake is an alternative, but tools to effectively utilize this information are excessively complex. The aims of the study are threefold: 1) Describe a protocol for the collection of family history in a thorough and straightforward manner. 2) Provide an algorithm to convert family history information to numerical scores. 3) Present the aggregated results from the pilot testing of the protocol.

Methods

All patients (N = 871) underwent a comprehensive assessment that included the family history protocol. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and Pearson Correlation were used to analyze the scores and determine key differences by demographic categories (sex/race/ethnicity/substance/age).

Results

The protocol asked patients four key questions about 1st and 2nd degree relatives while completing a family pedigree. Answers were transferred into an algorithm to output a score for each patient. This score took affectedness and relatedness of each family member into account. The average number of affected relatives was 5.24 (SD=3.17), and there were significant sex, race, and primary substance score differences.

Conclusions

This study provides the addiction field with a novel, freely available, and easily implementable family history protocol that has several potential clinical applications. While more research is needed, pilot results provide a valuable research tool, insight into a typical family history for those at an inpatient addiction treatment center, and steps toward closing the research-to-practice gap in this field.

虽然分子和非分子基因检测是评估一个人对物质使用障碍的家族责任的金标准，但这种检测通常是无法获得的。在入院时收集的家族史信息是另一种选择，但有效利用这些信息的工具过于复杂。本研究的目的有三个：1)以彻底和直接的方式描述一种收集家族史的方案。2)提供一种将家族史信息转换为数值分数的算法。3)提出方案试点测试的汇总结果。方法所有患者（N = 871）接受了包括家族史方案在内的综合评估。使用描述性统计、t检验和Pearson相关性分析得分，并根据人口统计类别（性别/种族/民族/物质/年龄）确定关键差异。结果该方案在完成家庭系谱的同时，询问了患者关于一级和二级亲属的四个关键问题。答案被转移到一个算法中，为每个病人输出一个分数。这个分数考虑了每个家庭成员的情感和亲缘关系。患病亲属的平均人数为5.24人（SD=3.17），性别、种族和主要物质评分存在显著差异。结论：本研究为成瘾领域提供了一种新颖、免费、易于实施的家族史方案，具有多种潜在的临床应用价值。虽然需要更多的研究，但试点结果提供了一个有价值的研究工具，为住院成瘾治疗中心的患者提供了一个典型的家族史，并为缩小这一领域的研究与实践差距迈出了一步。

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