Advanced Materials Technologies最新文献

In response to the high cost and toxicity of traditional Bi₂Te₃ thermoelectric (TE) materials, this study employs a cation doping strategy to significantly optimize the TE performance of Bi₂Se₃ films, achieving a power factor of 252.6 µW m⁻¹K⁻² at 440 K, which is the highest value for Bi₂Se₃-based flexible TE films synthesized by wet chemical methods. This improvement is attributed to the increase in electrical conductivity induced by Ag doping and the synergistic effects of energy filtering and doping effects. In addition, the Ag-doped Bi₂Se₃ film exhibits excellent flexibility and stability with only a 7% decrease in electrical conductivity after undergoing 2000 bends (with a radius of 4 mm). A flexible TE generator constructed based on the film outputs a power density of 123.4 µW cm⁻² at a temperature gradient of 33.5 K, validating its effectiveness in TE conversion. In addition to traditional applications such as wearable and portable energy harvesting and sensing, the film also holds great potential in emerging fields such as photoelectric conversion and electrochemical energy storage systems. The high TE performance, flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and multifunctional application of the film make it a promising candidate for next-generation energy conversion and storage technologies.

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of crystalline porous materials known for their exceptional tunability, high surface area, and versatile architectures. Originating from coordination chemistry in the 1990s, MOFs have rapidly advanced beyond traditional porous materials like zeolites and activated carbons in structural diversity and chemical functionality. This review highlights the synthesis, development, and environmental applications of MOFs, emphasizing their potential in air and water remediation. Owing to their customizable frameworks, MOFs offer superior adsorption, catalytic efficiency, and pollutant selectivity compared to conventional materials. Recent innovations such as linker functionalization, post-synthetic modification, and hybrid MOF composites have further improved their performance and reusability. Green synthesis approaches—including solvent-free, mechanochemical, and microwave-assisted methods—align MOF production with sustainable chemistry principles. Notably, this review integrates techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA), demonstrating that optimized MOF systems can rival traditional remediation technologies in cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability. A case study on ZIF-67 reveals that green synthesis significantly reduces life-cycle impacts. However, challenges such as long-term stability, large-scale integration, and cost-efficient production persist. This review calls for stronger academic–industrial collaboration to advance MOF technologies toward scalable, sustainable environmental solutions.

Wearable healthcare monitoring has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize healthcare by offering continuous, non-invasive monitoring of vital signs and health parameters. Among the innovative approaches, tattoo-embedded sensors (TES) have garnered significant attention due to their unobtrusiveness and potential for continuous, real-time observation. This comprehensive review synthesizes the most recent research and developments in the area of TES for healthcare monitoring. The review begins by discussing the fundamental principles of sensors based on tattoos, including how they are made, materials, and integration techniques. It explores various sensor types that can be embedded in tattoos, such as temperature, pressure, biochemical, and electrophysiological sensors, elucidating their working principles and applications. The integration of these sensors into flexible and biocompatible tattoo substrates is discussed in detail, highlighting the challenges and recent advancements in this domain.

Perovskite materials are emerging as next-generation scintillators due to their strong light absorption, high light yield, fast response times, and solution-processability. While single-crystal perovskites offer excellent performance, their brittleness and environmental sensitivity hinder scalability. Perovskite nanoparticles provide a promising alternative but face challenges such as poor stability and aggregation, reducing scintillation efficiency. Embedding these nanoparticles in polymer matrices has been explored to improve stability, however, existing methods offer limited control over nanoparticle size and transparency, restrict polymer choice, and are incompatible with low-swelling polymers like PET, which offer superior barrier properties and enhance stability. Here, these limitations are addressed using an optimized deep-dyeing method that enables uniform incorporation of perovskite nanoparticles into PET fibers, a low-swelling polymer previously inaccessible for composite scintillators. This approach yields transparent, color-tunable, and thermally stable perovskite-PET scintillating fibers suitable for scalable applications. The PET fibers used are sourced from commercially available tennis strings, offering a low-cost, mechanically robust, and scalable platform for composite fabrication. The resulting fibers exhibit excellent photoluminescence and radioluminescence stability, full recovery after thermal cycling up to 167 °C, strong moisture resistance, and a high light yield of 23,000 photons/MeV, more than twice that of a commercial scintillating fiber. Their flexible geometry and small cross-section allow integration into modular or wearable detection systems with high spatial resolution. Incorporating cladding layers in future designs can further enhance waveguiding and overall scintillator performance. These results highlight a scalable and versatile strategy for high-performance scintillating fibers with broad potential in x-ray imaging and dosimetry in harsh environments.

The water shortage dilemma urges the development of nanofiltration membranes that surpasses the trade-off between rejection and flux. This study explores the synthesis of MXene nanosheets and their incorporation into polysulfone (PSf)-polyamide (PA) membranes to develop thin-film nanocomposite (TFNC) membranes with enhanced nanofiltration performance. The effects of MXene loading at different stages- within the PSf support and PA selective layer- on the membrane's properties and performance are investigated. MXene incorporation significantly influenced membrane structure, increasing surface hydrophilicity, roughness, and charge density. Nanofiltration experiments demonstrated improved water permeability and salt rejection, particularly for membranes with MXene introduced into the PA layer. The highest pure water flux (PWF) of 43.12 Lm⁻²h⁻¹ is obtained for the TFNC membrane where MXene is incorporated into the PSf support and the m-phenylenediamine (MPD) solution, which is 4 times as much as the MXene-free thin-film composite membrane. This membrane also provided the highest rejection for solutes, with 98.32% for Na₂SO₄ and 99.13% for methyl orange. Additionally, MXene-modified membranes exhibited superior antifouling properties, as reflected in higher flux recovery ratios (FRR). These findings highlight the potential of MXene as an effective nanofiller for fabricating advanced membranes with enhanced permeability, selectivity, and fouling resistance.

Advances in flexible electronics are driving a growing demand for supercapacitors with arbitrary shapes and customized functions. Conventional fabrication methods struggle to meet these requirements, whereas 3D printing offers precise, rapid, and cost-effective manufacturing of complex architectures with broad material compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in 3D printing for supercapacitor applications. Four prevalent techniques, including direct ink writing, fused deposition modeling, inkjet printing, and vat photopolymerization are first examined, highlighting their operating principles, processing characteristics, and suitability for energy storage devices. Next, representative device architectures, including sandwich-type, interdigitated, and fiber-shaped configurations are discussed. Printable electrodes, electrolytes, and integrated strategies for achieving fully printed supercapacitors are then critically analyzed. Finally, current challenges are outlined and future research directions proposed, with the aim of advancing high-performance 3D-printed supercapacitors for next-generation energy storage.

With the advancement of flexible electronics technology, new packaging strategies for flexible electronics are urgently needed. Packaging helps to avoid direct contact between the working environment of the electronic components and the outside environment, which is essential for improving the reliability of the flexible electronics. A typical inorganic flexible system composed of serpentine interconnects for providing stretchability, inorganic functional components, and packaging materials for protecting the device. Thus, system combining serpentine interconnects and planar flexible substrates are widely used, however, the stretchability of the structure is unsatisfactory. Herein, criss-cross packaging is proposed to release part of serpentine interconnects from the substrate, which enable to improves the stretchability of the device significantly. Theoretical and numerical models relating to the geometric parameters of the structure are developed to study the stretchability of the structure. Roof collapse between the freestanding part of the serpentine interconnects and the substrates is considered by an analytical model. The influence of the position deviation of serpentine interconnects to the substrates is studied numerically. A LED (light-emitting diode) system integrating the serpentine interconnects and the criss-cross packaging is prepared, low-cycle fatigue test confirms the stability of the criss-cross packaging.

Recent breakthroughs in low-voltage electroadhesion (EA) have demonstrated adhesion of hydrogels and biological tissues to metals at less than 10 V, offering significant promise for biomedical and soft robotic applications. However, the current arrangements rely on a parallel electrode configuration that sandwiches the adhesion target (e.g., tissue or hydrogel) between two electrodes, introducing two main limitations. Reversing voltage polarity causes re-adhesion to the opposite electrode, and bilateral electrode access is often impractical in confined settings such as robotic surgery or internal device anchoring. Addressing these challenges, this work presents a novel, compact, planar EA pad that achieves reversible adhesion with access to just a single surface. The effect of interfacial length, inter-electrode gap, and electrode width ratio on EA forces is investigated experimentally, and finite element electrostatic simulations are used to investigate the effect of these parameters on electric field strength and distribution. The optimized design achieves a 279% difference in adhesion force between forward and reverse polarity. Single-contact lifting and release of kidney tissue is demonstrated using the normal EA forces and a proof-of-concept EA tissue grasper that minimizes the required pinch force for grasping is realized.

The actual application of ultrahigh response Ga₂O₃ solar-blind UV detectors in various scenes is a key problem in the new generation revolution of the electronic and information industry. Herein, the mechanism for the high response Ag/Ga₂O₃/Ag detector (3.77 × 10⁵ A W⁻¹@15 V at 230 nm) with mixed microstructures under different conditions is deeply explored, and the applications of the mixed-structure Ga₂O₃ device in various areas are studied. Hole-trapping mechanism in the device under small voltage and faint UV conditions supports its application in neurosynaptic simulation. The fast response and recovery speed of the device under medium voltage and faint pulse UV conditions from the tunneling breakdown mechanism induced a giant prospect in UV communication of the device. Outstanding high I_UV (35 mA) of the Ag/Ga₂O₃/Ag detector under high voltage at 254 nm from the avalanche breakdown mechanism, promotes its applications in missile alarming and ozone hole monitoring. The change in UV response mechanism in one simple structure Ag/Ga₂O₃/Ag detector with high density of nano crystalline Ga₂O₃/amorphous Ga₂O₃ interfaces under different measurement condition, is especially meaningful in wide spread of high-performance Ga₂O₃ based detectors with mixed microstructures in various application scenarios (neurosynaptic simulation, UV information communication, missile alarming, ozone hole monitoring, et al.).

Plasmonic Sensing Platforms

The cover highlights a silver-gold bilayer nanobump grating for plasmonic liquid sensing and monitoring. In their Research Article (10.1002/admt.202501199) Kernius Vilkevicius and co-workers explore the periodic Ag-Au nanostructures fabricated by ultrashort laser pulses, where refractive index changes in liquids induce a spectral resonance shift, enabling potential for rapidly produced accurate biosensors.