Advanced Materials Technologies最新文献

Ultrasensitive Magnetoacoustic Sensing

In their Research Article (10.1002/admt.202500746), Patricia de la Presa, Daniel Matatagui, and co-workers explore the interplay between shear-horizontal surface acoustic waves and magnetostrictive effects in FeGa films, unlocking a path toward ultra-sensitive magnetic sensors. Through an in-depth characterization of the magnetoelasticity-induced domain dynamics, they reveal a field-tunable response ideal for precision detection, paving the way for next-generation sensors in healthcare, industry, and environmental monitoring.

Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes

This artwork illustrates the environmentally friendly separation of semiconducting carbon nanotubes using cellulose acetate in polar solvents. The illustration shows polymer-wrapped nanotubes that are stably dispersed in a medium containing water, emphasizing the method's tolerance to impurities and its scalability. The extracted nanotubes exhibit superior electronic and thermoelectric properties, paving the way for their use in next-generation energy and electronic devices. More details can be found in the Research Article by Yoshiyuki Nonoguchi and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/admt.202501246).

Stretchable electronics are an emerging technology critical for applications in wearable health monitors, bio-integrated devices, and soft robotics. Developing these devices requires compliant conductors that can maintain stable electrical properties under deformation. Metal nanowires (MNWs) dispersed in elastomeric matrices are promising candidates, offering high conductivity, solution processability, and scalability. However, they often suffer from structural and electrical degradation under large or cyclic strains. Recent research has focused on overcoming these electromechanical challenges through innovative structural designs and interfacial engineering. This article summarizes key strategies that enable significant performance improvements, analyzing the mechanisms underpinning enhanced stretchability, conductivity retention, and fatigue resistance. The integration of these robust MNW conductors into practical applications is also critically examined. Finally, ongoing challenges and future research directions are discussed, with a particular emphasis on scalable manufacturing and long-term operational stability. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in high-performance MNW-based conductors for next-generation stretchable and wearable electronic technology.

Equipping robots with multimodal tactile capabilities enables them to perform complex tasks; however, the development of flexible multimodal tactile sensors is often hindered by fabrication challenges and interference between integrated subcomponents. In this work, a dual-mode tactile sensor for food identification is proposed, featuring an ultrathin structure composed solely of a flexible substrate and planar interdigitated electrodes. By combining impedance and triboelectric sensing under dynamic driving, the sensor captures signals that convey mechanical, surface, and compositional characteristics of food, enabling accurate identification. Building on this sensor, an intelligent food identification system is developed that fuses dual-mode tactile data with deep learning algorithms. The system achieves a high classification accuracy of 99.26% across 15 common food items. It also demonstrates robust performance in distinguishing 10 types of carrots, covering three varieties and four freshness levels, with an accuracy of 94.62%. In addition, using impedance-mode data alone, the system accurately identifies 12 types of vinasses with varying ingredient ratios, achieving an accuracy of 96.03%. These results highlight the sensor's effectiveness in both general food classification and fine-grained quality differentiation tasks.

Formaldehyde (HCHO), a widespread indoor contaminant suspected of being carcinogenic, endangers both human and environmental health when the concentration reaches 20 ppm. Therefore, the development of HCHO gas sensors with high sensitivity, selectivity, and room temperature (RT) operability is of great significance. However, achieving excellent sensitivity and selectivity under RT conditions remains challenging, particularly due to the influence of ambient moisture. Herein, a Ce-metal-organic framework (MOF) derived CeO₂/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite is synthesized by oxidative polymerization techniques. The CeO₂/PANI-based sensor exhibits superior HCHO-gas-sensing performance compared to sensors based on pristine PANI and CeO₂. The highest sensor response of CeO₂/PANI sensor is 28.34 to 35 ppm, which is 5.18 and 1.75 times higher than those of the PANI and CeO₂ sensors at RT, respectively. Under UV light irradiation, the sensor response of the CeO₂/PANI nanocomposite further increases to 43.72, representing 5.08 and 1.80 fold enhancements, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates rapid response and recovery times of 4.42 and 5.57 s at 1 ppm with illumination of light. The gas-sensing performance of the CeO₂/PANI nanocomposite is enhanced by p-n heterojunctions, oxygen vacancies, a high surface area, and a synergistic interaction between CeO₂ nanoparticles and PANI.

With the rapid development of smart devices, there is a growing urgency for proximity-sensing technologies that offer high precision and low power consumption. This work introduces a dual-layer triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) sensor based on the synergistic effects of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. By harnessing differences of dual-signal outputs from the inner and outer layers, the sensor enables multilevel detection of approach, contact, and collision without environmental impacts. Additionally, the sensor exhibits stability at various humidity fluctuations and during 5000 test cycles. The water transfer technology is combined to prepare a curved TENG as the shell of a sweeping robot to realize the barrier monitoring system. The sensor can also be integrated into industrial collision avoidance systems and autonomous driving applications, providing multilevel alert functions and offering a novel approach to proximity sensing technology.

Micro-LED displays have emerged as a promising technology for next-generation high-resolution, high-brightness, and energy-efficient display applications. The drive matrix plays a critical role in determining display performance, influencing pixel control, response speed, and integration feasibility. This review summarizes recent advances in drive matrix technologies, including polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), oxide semiconductors, GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs), and silicon-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), analyzing their advantages and limitations in Micro light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) integration. Furthermore, the potential of low-dimensional semiconductor transistors is explored for future microdisplay applications, particularly in transparent displays and multifunctional integrated displays. By evaluating the progress and challenges of these driving technologies, this review provides insights into the development of high-performance Micro-LED display systems.

Practical optoelectronic application of 2D Pt dichalcogenides faces two crucial challenges: establishing a reliable synthetic route and developing a pertinent patterning technique. A streamlined strategy is proposed for site-specific and size-tunable synthesis of Pt dichalcogenides, achieved by pre-defining of Pt templates via focused ion beam (FIB) combined with selenization or tellurization without requiring lithography processes. The synthetic conditions are optimized by altering reaction temperature, time, and thickness of Pt templates, as verified by comprehensive spectro-microscopic analysis. The universal applicability of streamlined site-specific synthesis for Pt dichalcogenides is ascertained, highlighting its potential for visible and NIR photodetection. The PtSe₂-based photodetector exhibits maximized photocurrents of 134 µA at 532 nm and 178 µA at 980 nm, whereas the PtTe₂-based device demonstrates enhanced values of 231 and 382 µA at the respective wavelengths. This approach corroborates an innovative route to resolve prerequisites associated with establishing a reliable synthetic route and developing a pertinent patterning technique.

Microneedle array electrodes have attracted much attention in recent years as an effective solution for surface biopotential recording. However, existing solutions have limitations in flexibility, biosafety, and manufacturing costs, which limit their wider application. To address this challenge, an innovative flexible microneedle array (FMNA) electrode is proposed. The microneedle design adopts a barbed structure. The mechanical strength of the microneedle is strong enough to penetrate the biological barrier of the outer layer and form a self-locking force. The normalized electrode-skin contact impedance is 0.59 kΩ mm⁻² at 1.02 kHz and 6.46 kΩ cm⁻² at 20 Hz. A flexible PET film is used as the substrate of the FMNA, making the electrode flexible enough to adapt to the curves of the skin surface and skin deformation caused by movement. Compared with Ag/AgCl wet electrodes, the FMNA electrode exhibited superior performance in long-term biosignal monitoring over 48 h. Under both low-speed walking and high-speed motion conditions, the electrode ensured accurate and stable ECG signal acquisition. These results highlight the potential value of flexible barbed microneedle array electrodes in health monitoring applications and demonstrate their reliability as a solution for long-term biosignal recording.

Electrochemical metallization (ECM) cells are a key candidate for emerging applications in neuromorphic computing and in-memory computing, where precise control over switching dynamics is essential. A major challenge in understanding ECM switching behavior lies in accurately modeling conductive filament evolution, particularly side growth. In this study, the first physical continuum model is presented capable of explaining side growth while incorporating all key mechanisms, including redox reactions at interfaces, ion drift, tunnel currents, mechanical stress, active electrode dissolution, Joule heating, and additional tunnel barrier heating. By accounting for these coupled effects together with a moving mesh algorithm for conductive filament growth, the model captures diverse filament morphologies, which play a crucial role in relaxation times of volatile ECM cells and RESET kinetics in non-volatile ECM cells. The results provide important insights into filament formation dynamics, with implications for optimizing ECM-based memory technologies in neuromorphic and in-memory computing.