Advanced Materials Technologies最新文献

Wireless Capsule Devices

In their Research Article (10.1002/admt.202501179), Xiaoguang Dong and co-workers report a novel magnetically controlled biopsy mechanism to enhance biopsy procedural safety. The magnetic biopsy unit integrates a flexible sensor-integrated foldable linkage and dual-magnet configuration that establishes a magnetic attraction–based safety mechanism, preventing unintentional activation during locomotion. This sensory capsule robot is promising for minimally invasive, safety-assured tissue biopsy in confined and hard-to-reach regions of the gastrointestinal tract.

3D Printed Mechanical Metamaterials

The cover image shows a 3D-printed mechanical metamaterial, deformed and illuminated on its left side. A novel trainable material system exploits the unit cell's unique combination of structural and material responses to adapt to loading. Fabricated from a newly developed UV-crosslinkable thermoplastic urethane, the metamaterial changes shape and stiffness under deformation when UV irradiation is activated in a closed-loop system. More information can be found in the Research Article by Johan Liotier, Viacheslav Slesarenko, and co-workers (10.1002/admt.202501416).

Synergistic EMI Shielding

In their Research Article (10.1002/admt.202501314), Ghassan E. Jabbour and co-workers develop a hybrid knitted fabric composed of flexible copper-cotton core-spun yarns, which are functionalized through alternating bilayer coatings of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and MXene nanosheets. In this process, the AgNPs are formed in situ via reactive self-assembly. The engineered textile demonstrates an outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 59.4 dB within the X-band frequency range, attributed to the strong synergistic interactions between AgNPs and MXene layers.

The rapid scaling of electronic systems and 3D integration in advanced semiconductor packaging has led to critical thermal management challenges. Traditional cooling methods such as forced convection or immersion cooling face SWaP limitations, motivating the exploration of solid-state, on-chip alternatives. This perspective highlights three solid-state cooling technologies, namely optical refrigeration, electroluminescent, and thermoelectric cooling, as promising approaches for localized, vibration-free, and scalable thermal management. Optical refrigeration, leveraging anti-Stokes photoluminescence to remove thermal energy via phonon upconversion, has shown significant progress in rare-earth-doped glass and semiconductors. Electroluminescent cooling, driven by carrier injection and photon emission, presents another promising path for thermal energy extraction under electrical bias. Thermoelectric devices, based on the Peltier effect, have been widely studied but remain limited by low figures of merit at ambient conditions. Among candidate materials, halide perovskites exhibit exceptional promise due to their solution-processability, near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield, tunable electronic structure, and unique electron–phonon coupling behavior. These features enable efficient phonon-assisted upconversion, long hot-carrier lifetimes, and suppressed non-radiative losses, which are crucial for achieving net cooling. This work provides a mechanistic overview of solid-state cooling strategies and outlines the design principles and materials challenges of Thermoelectric cooling, electroluminescent cooling, halide perovskites, optical refrigeration of halide perovskites for solid-state on-chip cooling.

Inorganic-containing hybrid photoresists are critical for next-generation extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography and angstrom-era semiconductor miniaturization. However, associated conventional solution processing struggles to achieve ultrathin, uniform films with high conformality and compositional control, limiting overall patterning performance. Here, this study reports the systematic lithographic patterning characterization of an Al-based hybrid resist synthesized via vapor-phase molecular layer deposition (MLD), using the trimethylaluminum (TMA) metal precursor and the hydroquinone (HQ) aromatic organic linker. The resist supports both sub-20 nm high-resolution nanolithography and virtually infinite silicon plasma etch selectivity. Lithographic performance studied using electron beam lithography (EBL) as a proxy for EUV shows that, under an optimized process adopting post-exposure bake, the resist achieves the best resolution of 15.4 nm linewidth under stringent 1:1 line-space high-density patterning—limited only by the minimum beam size of the EBL system. The resist also shows wide dose latitude and balanced performance in resolution, roughness, and sensitivity. The infinite silicon etch selectivity, stemming from spontaneous aluminum oxyfluoride passivation layer formation, enables fabrication of micrometer-tall, 40 nm-wide silicon nanofin structures using only a ≈30 nm-thick resist layer, without no hard mask. These results highlight the potential of MLD-based hybrid resists for developing next-generation resist materials for micro/nanoelectronics manufacturing.

Inspired by animal retina architectures, a proof-of-concept hybrid solid–liquid biocompatible image sensor array that integrates biological and artificial photodetection mechanisms is presented. The device comprises 16-pixel sensors combining printed organic semiconductors, laser-patterned transparent microelectrodes, and printed platinum reference electrodes within Ames’ medium—an electrically active, water-based biological electrolyte widely used in retinal research. Twelve photosensors emulate rod-like spectra, while a central 2 × 2 photodetector array reproduces the cone-mediated dichromatic vision sensitivity of mice. Each pixel captures light and converts it into electrical signals through the electrolyte. Color images are generated on a display in real time by processing light-evoked signals from the array, with rod-like pixels contributing grayscale contrast proportional to irradiance. Each pixelated sensor unit, consisting of electrode/polymer/retinal-water-based-medium, functions as a true biohybrid photoreceptor, merging biological/artificial and liquid/solid components. The device exhibits tens of millisecond-scale temporal responses, typical of water-ionic-based biological retinas, and sensitivities comparable to solid-state polymer semiconductor photodetectors. By replicating spectral and temporal responses of natural photoreceptors, along with their characteristic photogenerated electrical signatures, this scalable, biocompatible technology platform bridges living and electronic systems, opening new pathways for understanding the biophysics and engineering of phototransduction in biological liquid environments, artificial vision, adaptive biointerfaces, and neuromorphic sensory processing.

Inspired by animal retina architectures, a proof-of-concept hybrid solid–liquid biocompatible image sensor array that integrates biological and artificial photodetection mechanisms is presented. The device comprises 16-pixel sensors combining printed organic semiconductors, laser-patterned transparent microelectrodes, and printed platinum reference electrodes within Ames’ medium—an electrically active, water-based biological electrolyte widely used in retinal research. Twelve photosensors emulate rod-like spectra, while a central 2 × 2 photodetector array reproduces the cone-mediated dichromatic vision sensitivity of mice. Each pixel captures light and converts it into electrical signals through the electrolyte. Color images are generated on a display in real time by processing light-evoked signals from the array, with rod-like pixels contributing grayscale contrast proportional to irradiance. Each pixelated sensor unit, consisting of electrode/polymer/retinal-water-based-medium, functions as a true biohybrid photoreceptor, merging biological/artificial and liquid/solid components. The device exhibits tens of millisecond-scale temporal responses, typical of water-ionic-based biological retinas, and sensitivities comparable to solid-state polymer semiconductor photodetectors. By replicating spectral and temporal responses of natural photoreceptors, along with their characteristic photogenerated electrical signatures, this scalable, biocompatible technology platform bridges living and electronic systems, opening new pathways for understanding the biophysics and engineering of phototransduction in biological liquid environments, artificial vision, adaptive biointerfaces, and neuromorphic sensory processing.

Meta-holograms represent a promising technology that enables efficient imaging by precisely controlling the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light via subwavelength meta-atoms. Fabricating large-area meta-holograms using nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a subject of intense research, but this approach is limited due to the insufficient durability of the Si master stamp. Herein, a novel approach to address this problem is proposed, which involves developing a robust Ni replica stamp derived from a Si master stamp. Two types of Ni replica stamps are fabricated using electroplating: normal and reverse patterns suitable for use in direct printing and UV NIL, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy of the fabricated Ni replica stamps confirms that they comprise meta-atoms, with dimensions almost identical to those of the Si master stamp, and they display durability and precision by withstanding multiple NIL processes without significant damage. This scalable, cost-effective approach presents an effective pathway for producing high-performance meta-holograms, addressing the inherent durability problems of Si master stamps in NIL and paving the way for integration into practical nanophotonic applications.

Soft Robots

The cover illustrates the Paired-FBSMA actuators integrate parallel SMA springs with fluid-filled bellows; two units are linked to exchange fluid, enabling active bidirectional actuation. Force and stroke can be tuned by the internal water-air ratio. The figure also highlights the actuator's versatility through demonstrations in a soft crawling robot and a 2-DOF joint. More information can be found in the Research Article by Yunquan Li and co-workers (10.1002/admt.202501187).

Dry Electrode Processing

In their Review Article (10.1002/admt.202501420), Youngjae Yoo and co-workers present a comprehensive review of dry electrode processing for lithium-ion batteries. Covering cathodes and anodes, the article discusses binder fibrillation, conductive networks, and compaction strategies, while emphasizing structural challenges and future perspectives. This work highlights sustainable, scalable, and high-performance pathways that may accelerate the transition from laboratory demonstrations to industrial applications of solvent-free electrode technologies.