Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00731-5
Linda Gummlich
Pregnancy involves immune system suppression to protect the fetus, making it a valuable model for understanding cancer immune tolerance. Recently in Cell, Yu et al. identified B7-H4 as a common immune tolerance checkpoint in both tumours and the placenta.
{"title":"Shared immunosuppressive mechanism between pregnancy and cancer","authors":"Linda Gummlich","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00731-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00731-5","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy involves immune system suppression to protect the fetus, making it a valuable model for understanding cancer immune tolerance. Recently in Cell, Yu et al. identified B7-H4 as a common immune tolerance checkpoint in both tumours and the placenta.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 9","pages":"595-595"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00727-1
This poster explores rational combinations of immune checkpoint blockade of the PD1–PDL1 interaction with other therapies aimed at targeting effector T cells, innate immune and regulatory cells, the tumour microenvironment and cancer cells.
本海报探讨了免疫检查点阻断 PD1-PDL1 相互作用与其他疗法的合理组合，这些疗法旨在靶向效应 T 细胞、先天性免疫和调节细胞、肿瘤微环境和癌细胞。
{"title":"Rational combination of cancer therapies with PD1 axis blockade","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00727-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-024-00727-1","url":null,"abstract":"This poster explores rational combinations of immune checkpoint blockade of the PD1–PDL1 interaction with other therapies aimed at targeting effector T cells, innate immune and regulatory cells, the tumour microenvironment and cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":78.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00721-7
Vanessa M. Conn, Arul M. Chinnaiyan, Simon J. Conn
Over the past decade, circular RNA (circRNA) research has evolved into a bona fide research field shedding light on the functional consequence of this unique family of RNA molecules in cancer. Although the method of formation and the abundance of circRNAs can differ from their cognate linear mRNA, the spectrum of interacting partners and their resultant cellular functions in oncogenesis are analogous. However, with 10 times more diversity in circRNA variants compared with linear RNA variants, combined with their hyperstability in the cell, circRNAs are equipped to influence every stage of oncogenesis. This is an opportune time to address the breadth of circRNA in cancer focused on their spatiotemporal expression, mutations in biogenesis factors and contemporary functions through each stage of cancer. In this Review, we highlight examples of functional circRNAs in specific cancers, which satisfy critical criteria, including their physical co-association with the target and circRNA abundance at stoichiometrically valid quantities. These considerations are essential to develop strategies for the therapeutic exploitation of circRNAs as biomarkers and targeted anticancer agents. Circular RNAs, once considered by-products of splicing errors, are now accepted as key players in cancer biology. In this Review, Conn et al. review the functional interactome of circular RNAs in cancer, highlighting their contribution to oncogenesis, their potential as biomarkers and the prospect of leveraging them for novel therapeutics.
{"title":"Circular RNA in cancer","authors":"Vanessa M. Conn, Arul M. Chinnaiyan, Simon J. Conn","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00721-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00721-7","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, circular RNA (circRNA) research has evolved into a bona fide research field shedding light on the functional consequence of this unique family of RNA molecules in cancer. Although the method of formation and the abundance of circRNAs can differ from their cognate linear mRNA, the spectrum of interacting partners and their resultant cellular functions in oncogenesis are analogous. However, with 10 times more diversity in circRNA variants compared with linear RNA variants, combined with their hyperstability in the cell, circRNAs are equipped to influence every stage of oncogenesis. This is an opportune time to address the breadth of circRNA in cancer focused on their spatiotemporal expression, mutations in biogenesis factors and contemporary functions through each stage of cancer. In this Review, we highlight examples of functional circRNAs in specific cancers, which satisfy critical criteria, including their physical co-association with the target and circRNA abundance at stoichiometrically valid quantities. These considerations are essential to develop strategies for the therapeutic exploitation of circRNAs as biomarkers and targeted anticancer agents. Circular RNAs, once considered by-products of splicing errors, are now accepted as key players in cancer biology. In this Review, Conn et al. review the functional interactome of circular RNAs in cancer, highlighting their contribution to oncogenesis, their potential as biomarkers and the prospect of leveraging them for novel therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 9","pages":"597-613"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00723-5
Nils Wellhausen, Joanne Baek, Saar I. Gill, Carl H. June
Adoptive cell therapies engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or transgenic T cell receptors (TCRs) to recognize and eliminate cancer cells have emerged as a promising approach for achieving long-term remissions in patients with cancer. To be effective, the engineered cells must persist at therapeutically relevant levels while avoiding off-tumour toxicities, which has been challenging to realize outside of B cell and plasma cell malignancies. This Review discusses concepts to enhance the efficacy, safety and accessibility of cellular immunotherapies by endowing cells with selective resistance to small-molecule drugs or antibody-based therapies to facilitate combination therapies with substances that would otherwise interfere with the functionality of the effector cells. We further explore the utility of engineering healthy haematopoietic stem cells to confer resistance to antigen-directed immunotherapies and small-molecule targeted therapies to expand the therapeutic index of said targeted anticancer agents as well as to facilitate in vivo selection of gene-edited haematopoietic stem cells for non-malignant applications. Lastly, we discuss approaches to evade immune rejection, which may be required in the setting of allogeneic cell therapies. Increasing confidence in the tools and outcomes of genetically modified cell therapy now paves the way for rational combinations that will open new therapeutic horizons. Adoptive cell therapies have emerged as promising approaches for the treatment of patients with cancer. Engineering cell therapies to confer resistance to small-molecule therapies, chemotherapies and antibody-based therapies will improve their utility and success. Here, Wellhausen, Baek and colleagues outline the key principles of engineering resistance and potential applications for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and allogeneic immune cell therapies.
表达嵌合抗原受体（CAR）或转基因 T 细胞受体（TCR）以识别和消灭癌细胞的适应性细胞疗法已成为癌症患者实现长期缓解的一种很有前景的方法。要做到有效，工程细胞必须维持在治疗相关的水平，同时避免瘤外毒性，而这在 B 细胞和浆细胞恶性肿瘤之外的领域一直难以实现。本综述讨论了通过赋予细胞对小分子药物或抗体疗法的选择性抵抗力来提高细胞免疫疗法的疗效、安全性和可及性的概念，从而促进与其他会干扰效应细胞功能的物质的联合疗法。我们进一步探讨了健康造血干细胞工程的效用，即赋予细胞对抗原导向免疫疗法和小分子靶向疗法的抗性，以扩大上述靶向抗癌药物的治疗指数，并促进体内基因编辑造血干细胞的选择，用于非恶性应用。最后，我们讨论了在异体细胞疗法中可能需要的规避免疫排斥反应的方法。现在，人们对转基因细胞疗法的工具和结果越来越有信心，这为合理组合开辟了新的治疗领域。
{"title":"Enhancing cellular immunotherapies in cancer by engineering selective therapeutic resistance","authors":"Nils Wellhausen, Joanne Baek, Saar I. Gill, Carl H. June","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00723-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00723-5","url":null,"abstract":"Adoptive cell therapies engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or transgenic T cell receptors (TCRs) to recognize and eliminate cancer cells have emerged as a promising approach for achieving long-term remissions in patients with cancer. To be effective, the engineered cells must persist at therapeutically relevant levels while avoiding off-tumour toxicities, which has been challenging to realize outside of B cell and plasma cell malignancies. This Review discusses concepts to enhance the efficacy, safety and accessibility of cellular immunotherapies by endowing cells with selective resistance to small-molecule drugs or antibody-based therapies to facilitate combination therapies with substances that would otherwise interfere with the functionality of the effector cells. We further explore the utility of engineering healthy haematopoietic stem cells to confer resistance to antigen-directed immunotherapies and small-molecule targeted therapies to expand the therapeutic index of said targeted anticancer agents as well as to facilitate in vivo selection of gene-edited haematopoietic stem cells for non-malignant applications. Lastly, we discuss approaches to evade immune rejection, which may be required in the setting of allogeneic cell therapies. Increasing confidence in the tools and outcomes of genetically modified cell therapy now paves the way for rational combinations that will open new therapeutic horizons. Adoptive cell therapies have emerged as promising approaches for the treatment of patients with cancer. Engineering cell therapies to confer resistance to small-molecule therapies, chemotherapies and antibody-based therapies will improve their utility and success. Here, Wellhausen, Baek and colleagues outline the key principles of engineering resistance and potential applications for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and allogeneic immune cell therapies.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 9","pages":"614-628"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00729-z
Anna Dart
Leighow et al. develop a strategy called the dual-switch selection gene drive platform, which enables the evolutionary dynamics of acquired resistance to be manipulated for therapeutic ends.
{"title":"Pre-empting drug resistance","authors":"Anna Dart","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00729-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00729-z","url":null,"abstract":"Leighow et al. develop a strategy called the dual-switch selection gene drive platform, which enables the evolutionary dynamics of acquired resistance to be manipulated for therapeutic ends.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 9","pages":"594-594"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00725-3
Yingsheng Zhang, Xue Li
Sex matters in metastasis, but it has received little attention in research. Here, we highlight the emerging and important roles of biological sex in metastasis and advocate for mechanistic and quantitative studies for the future development of sex-tailored therapies.
{"title":"The impact of sex on metastasis","authors":"Yingsheng Zhang, Xue Li","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00725-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00725-3","url":null,"abstract":"Sex matters in metastasis, but it has received little attention in research. Here, we highlight the emerging and important roles of biological sex in metastasis and advocate for mechanistic and quantitative studies for the future development of sex-tailored therapies.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 10","pages":"647-648"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141736909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00726-2
Ju Eun Maeng, Ja-Lok Ku
In this Journal Club, Maeng and Ku discuss a study demonstrating that profiling drug responses in patient-derived organoids can identify responders to various therapies.
在本期 "期刊俱乐部 "中，Maeng 和 Ku 讨论了一项研究，该研究表明，在源自患者的器官组织中分析药物反应可以确定对各种疗法的反应者。
{"title":"In-depth organoid profiling of pancreatic cancer","authors":"Ju Eun Maeng, Ja-Lok Ku","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00726-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00726-2","url":null,"abstract":"In this Journal Club, Maeng and Ku discuss a study demonstrating that profiling drug responses in patient-derived organoids can identify responders to various therapies.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 9","pages":"596-596"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00715-5
Amir Z. Munir, Alan Gutierrez, Juan Qin, Andrew H. Lichtman, Javid J. Moslehi
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncology, with nearly 50% of all patients with cancer eligible for treatment with ICIs. However, patients on ICI therapy are at risk for immune-related toxicities that can affect any organ. Inflammation of the heart muscle, known as myocarditis, resulting from ICI targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) and PD1 ligand 1 (PDL1) is an infrequent but potentially fatal complication. ICI-mediated myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis) is a growing clinical entity given the widespread use of ICIs, its increased clinical recognition and growing use of combination ICI treatment, a well-documented risk factor for ICI-myocarditis. In this Review, we approach ICI-myocarditis from a basic and mechanistic perspective, synthesizing the recent data from both preclinical models and patient samples. We posit that mechanistic understanding of the fundamental biology of immune-checkpoint molecules may yield new insights into disease processes, which will enable improvement in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The syndrome of ICI-myocarditis is novel, and our understanding of immune checkpoints in the heart is in its nascency. Yet, investigations into the pathophysiology will inform better patient risk stratification, improved diagnostics and precision-based therapies for patients. Despite the success of immune-checkpoint inhibitors, many patients are at risk of developing immune-related adverse events. One of these is myocarditis or inflammation of the heart. Munir, Gutierrez and colleagues describe the data from preclinical models and patient samples, which have begun to provide a mechanistic understanding of myocarditis resulting from immune-checkpoint inhibitors, and present suggestions for improving both the diagnosis and treatment of patients experiencing this immune-related toxicity.
{"title":"Immune-checkpoint inhibitor-mediated myocarditis: CTLA4, PD1 and LAG3 in the heart","authors":"Amir Z. Munir, Alan Gutierrez, Juan Qin, Andrew H. Lichtman, Javid J. Moslehi","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00715-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00715-5","url":null,"abstract":"Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncology, with nearly 50% of all patients with cancer eligible for treatment with ICIs. However, patients on ICI therapy are at risk for immune-related toxicities that can affect any organ. Inflammation of the heart muscle, known as myocarditis, resulting from ICI targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) and PD1 ligand 1 (PDL1) is an infrequent but potentially fatal complication. ICI-mediated myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis) is a growing clinical entity given the widespread use of ICIs, its increased clinical recognition and growing use of combination ICI treatment, a well-documented risk factor for ICI-myocarditis. In this Review, we approach ICI-myocarditis from a basic and mechanistic perspective, synthesizing the recent data from both preclinical models and patient samples. We posit that mechanistic understanding of the fundamental biology of immune-checkpoint molecules may yield new insights into disease processes, which will enable improvement in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The syndrome of ICI-myocarditis is novel, and our understanding of immune checkpoints in the heart is in its nascency. Yet, investigations into the pathophysiology will inform better patient risk stratification, improved diagnostics and precision-based therapies for patients. Despite the success of immune-checkpoint inhibitors, many patients are at risk of developing immune-related adverse events. One of these is myocarditis or inflammation of the heart. Munir, Gutierrez and colleagues describe the data from preclinical models and patient samples, which have begun to provide a mechanistic understanding of myocarditis resulting from immune-checkpoint inhibitors, and present suggestions for improving both the diagnosis and treatment of patients experiencing this immune-related toxicity.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 8","pages":"540-553"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00706-6
Roel Polak, Elisa T. Zhang, Calvin J. Kuo
The development of neoplasia involves a complex and continuous interplay between malignantly transformed cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME). Cancer immunotherapies targeting the immune TME have been increasingly validated in clinical trials but response rates vary substantially between tumour histologies and are often transient, idiosyncratic and confounded by resistance. Faithful experimental models of the patient-specific tumour immune microenvironment, capable of recapitulating tumour biology and immunotherapy effects, would greatly improve patient selection, target identification and definition of resistance mechanisms for immuno-oncology therapeutics. In this Review, we discuss currently available and rapidly evolving 3D tumour organoid models that capture important immune features of the TME. We highlight diverse opportunities for organoid-based investigations of tumour immunity, drug development and precision medicine. In this Review, Polak, Zhang and Kuo discuss the currently available and rapidly evolving 3D tumour organoid models that capture the tumour immune microenvironment. They highlight opportunities for organoid-based investigations of tumour immunity, drug development and precision medicine.
{"title":"Cancer organoids 2.0: modelling the complexity of the tumour immune microenvironment","authors":"Roel Polak, Elisa T. Zhang, Calvin J. Kuo","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00706-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00706-6","url":null,"abstract":"The development of neoplasia involves a complex and continuous interplay between malignantly transformed cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME). Cancer immunotherapies targeting the immune TME have been increasingly validated in clinical trials but response rates vary substantially between tumour histologies and are often transient, idiosyncratic and confounded by resistance. Faithful experimental models of the patient-specific tumour immune microenvironment, capable of recapitulating tumour biology and immunotherapy effects, would greatly improve patient selection, target identification and definition of resistance mechanisms for immuno-oncology therapeutics. In this Review, we discuss currently available and rapidly evolving 3D tumour organoid models that capture important immune features of the TME. We highlight diverse opportunities for organoid-based investigations of tumour immunity, drug development and precision medicine. In this Review, Polak, Zhang and Kuo discuss the currently available and rapidly evolving 3D tumour organoid models that capture the tumour immune microenvironment. They highlight opportunities for organoid-based investigations of tumour immunity, drug development and precision medicine.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 8","pages":"523-539"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00714-6
Michael A. Harris, Peter Savas, Balaji Virassamy, Megan M. R. O’Malley, Jasmine Kay, Scott N. Mueller, Laura K. Mackay, Roberto Salgado, Sherene Loi
The tumour immune microenvironment is shaped by the crosstalk between cancer cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and other stromal components. Although the immune tumour microenvironment (TME) serves as a source of therapeutic targets, it is also considered a friend or foe to tumour-directed therapies. This is readily illustrated by the importance of T cells in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), culminating in the advent of immune checkpoint therapy in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy as standard of care for both early and advanced-stage TNBC, as well as recent promising signs of efficacy in a subset of hormone receptor-positive disease. In this Review, we discuss the various components of the immune TME in breast cancer and therapies that target or impact the immune TME, as well as the complexity of host physiology. In this Review, Harris et al. summarize the dynamic changes of the immune breast tumour microenvironment (TME) that take place during disease progression and in response to treatment, and outline emerging therapies to target the immune TME in patients with breast cancer.
{"title":"Towards targeting the breast cancer immune microenvironment","authors":"Michael A. Harris, Peter Savas, Balaji Virassamy, Megan M. R. O’Malley, Jasmine Kay, Scott N. Mueller, Laura K. Mackay, Roberto Salgado, Sherene Loi","doi":"10.1038/s41568-024-00714-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41568-024-00714-6","url":null,"abstract":"The tumour immune microenvironment is shaped by the crosstalk between cancer cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and other stromal components. Although the immune tumour microenvironment (TME) serves as a source of therapeutic targets, it is also considered a friend or foe to tumour-directed therapies. This is readily illustrated by the importance of T cells in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), culminating in the advent of immune checkpoint therapy in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy as standard of care for both early and advanced-stage TNBC, as well as recent promising signs of efficacy in a subset of hormone receptor-positive disease. In this Review, we discuss the various components of the immune TME in breast cancer and therapies that target or impact the immune TME, as well as the complexity of host physiology. In this Review, Harris et al. summarize the dynamic changes of the immune breast tumour microenvironment (TME) that take place during disease progression and in response to treatment, and outline emerging therapies to target the immune TME in patients with breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"24 8","pages":"554-577"},"PeriodicalIF":72.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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