Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1177342
Andrea Dixius, Tanja Michael, Adriana Altpeter, René Ramos Garcia, E. Möhler
Referrals for child and adolescent acute psychiatric treatment have spiked in the last two years. To provide these adolescents with a fast-acting intervention, a novel treatment approach for acute emotional dysregulation was evaluated in this study.156 adolescents between the age of 13 and 18 years who were admitted to a psychiatric unit for acute emotional or behavioral dysregulation participated in a 5-week-group program (Stress-Arousal- Regulation-Treatment, START) which consisted of two sessions per week (60 min/session). Pre- and post intervention psychometric measures were derived for each participant applying the Self-Control Scale (SCS-13), the FEEL-KJ capturing adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), as well as the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).The mean score of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies of the FEEL-KJ significantly decreased post treatment (d = −0.24, p = .001), while there was an increase in adaptive emotion regulation strategies (d = 0.25, p = .001). The post- intervention-assessment revealed significantly lower scores in the PSS-10 (d = −0.34, p < 0.001), as well as SDQ mental health problems (d = −0.17, p = .018) and disorders (d = −0.15, p = .015). The Self-Control Score increased significantly after the intervention (d = 0.21, p = .001).In this large sample, the low-threshold intervention START significantly improved emotion regulation and self-control and reduced perceived stress as well as several scales of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire, pointing to a good feasibility and indicating efficiency to provide support to adolescents with acute mental health problems when applying this short-term treatment.
在过去两年中，儿童和青少年急性精神病治疗的转诊数量激增。为了给这些青少年提供快速的干预，本研究评估了一种治疗急性情绪失调的新方法。156名年龄在13岁至18岁之间的青少年因急性情绪或行为失调而被送入精神科，他们参加了一个为期5周的小组项目(压力-觉醒-调节-治疗，START)，该项目包括每周两次(每次60分钟)。采用自我控制量表(SCS-13)、感受- kj捕捉适应性和不良情绪调节策略、感知压力量表(PSS-10)和优势与困难问卷(SDQ)对每位参与者进行干预前和干预后的心理测量。治疗后情绪调节不良策略得分显著降低(d = - 0.24, p = .001)，而情绪调节适应策略得分显著升高(d = 0.25, p = .001)。干预后评估显示PSS-10 (d = - 0.34, p < 0.001)、SDQ心理健康问题(d = - 0.17, p = 0.018)和障碍(d = - 0.15, p = 0.015)得分显著降低。干预后自我控制得分显著提高(d = 0.21, p = .001)。在这个大样本中，低阈值干预START显著提高了情绪调节和自我控制能力，显著降低了感知压力，显著降低了优势和困难问卷的多个量表，表明采用这种短期治疗方法对急性心理健康问题青少年提供支持具有良好的可行性和有效性。
{"title":"Adolescents in acute mental health crisis—Pilot-evaluation of a low-threshold program for emotional stabilization","authors":"Andrea Dixius, Tanja Michael, Adriana Altpeter, René Ramos Garcia, E. Möhler","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1177342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1177342","url":null,"abstract":"Referrals for child and adolescent acute psychiatric treatment have spiked in the last two years. To provide these adolescents with a fast-acting intervention, a novel treatment approach for acute emotional dysregulation was evaluated in this study.156 adolescents between the age of 13 and 18 years who were admitted to a psychiatric unit for acute emotional or behavioral dysregulation participated in a 5-week-group program (Stress-Arousal- Regulation-Treatment, START) which consisted of two sessions per week (60 min/session). Pre- and post intervention psychometric measures were derived for each participant applying the Self-Control Scale (SCS-13), the FEEL-KJ capturing adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), as well as the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).The mean score of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies of the FEEL-KJ significantly decreased post treatment (d = −0.24, p = .001), while there was an increase in adaptive emotion regulation strategies (d = 0.25, p = .001). The post- intervention-assessment revealed significantly lower scores in the PSS-10 (d = −0.34, p < 0.001), as well as SDQ mental health problems (d = −0.17, p = .018) and disorders (d = −0.15, p = .015). The Self-Control Score increased significantly after the intervention (d = 0.21, p = .001).In this large sample, the low-threshold intervention START significantly improved emotion regulation and self-control and reduced perceived stress as well as several scales of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire, pointing to a good feasibility and indicating efficiency to provide support to adolescents with acute mental health problems when applying this short-term treatment.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74921947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1074004
S. Cibralic, Patrick Hawker, Ferosa Khan, Abbie Lucien, A. Mendoza Diaz, S. Woolfenden, E. Murphy, April Deering, Clare Schnelle, Sharnee Townsend, V. Eapen
To examine and synthesize the literature on the use of universal developmental screening and surveillance tools in high-income countries in relation to (1) psychometric properties; (2) knowledge, acceptability, and feasibility of tools; and (3) follow-up taken following screening/surveillance.A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed in the PsychInfo, PubMed, and Embase databases. Studies published in the English language were included if they reported results evaluating a universal developmental screening or surveillance measurement tool. Articles on service providers’ and/or parents’ views on developmental screening were also included. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed for risk of bias using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Tool. Results were synthesized qualitatively.Initial searches identified 2,078 articles, of which 52 were included in the final review. Findings showed that several articles assessing the accuracy of screening tools have been published, and together, they suggest that the accuracy of screening tools varies across cultures and countries. Furthermore, available literature indicated that administering universal developmental screening tools was feasible and acceptable, though only a small number of studies are available. Results also showed a limited number of studies looking at actions taken following positive screening results.As the evidence stands, more research assessing the acceptability, feasibility, and accuracy of developmental screeners, is needed.This review has been registered with the University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (PROSPERO; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=337320, registration number CRD42022337320).
{"title":"Developmental screening tools for identification of children with developmental difficulties in high-income countries: a systematic review","authors":"S. Cibralic, Patrick Hawker, Ferosa Khan, Abbie Lucien, A. Mendoza Diaz, S. Woolfenden, E. Murphy, April Deering, Clare Schnelle, Sharnee Townsend, V. Eapen","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1074004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1074004","url":null,"abstract":"To examine and synthesize the literature on the use of universal developmental screening and surveillance tools in high-income countries in relation to (1) psychometric properties; (2) knowledge, acceptability, and feasibility of tools; and (3) follow-up taken following screening/surveillance.A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed in the PsychInfo, PubMed, and Embase databases. Studies published in the English language were included if they reported results evaluating a universal developmental screening or surveillance measurement tool. Articles on service providers’ and/or parents’ views on developmental screening were also included. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed for risk of bias using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Tool. Results were synthesized qualitatively.Initial searches identified 2,078 articles, of which 52 were included in the final review. Findings showed that several articles assessing the accuracy of screening tools have been published, and together, they suggest that the accuracy of screening tools varies across cultures and countries. Furthermore, available literature indicated that administering universal developmental screening tools was feasible and acceptable, though only a small number of studies are available. Results also showed a limited number of studies looking at actions taken following positive screening results.As the evidence stands, more research assessing the acceptability, feasibility, and accuracy of developmental screeners, is needed.This review has been registered with the University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (PROSPERO; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=337320, registration number CRD42022337320).","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75571820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1179775
Maria E. Johansson, J. Hermansson, Petra Linnsand, C. Gillberg, G. Nygren
This is a study of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), other feeding disorders, and background factors, including seventy-two children (thirty-one girls, forty-one boys, aged 4–178 months) referred to a secondary/tertiary feeding service for eating difficulties and/or compromised growth. An in-depth review of their medical records was performed. Diagnostic criteria for ARFID were met in 26% of cases. Children with ARFID were older, more nutritionally deficient, and psychosocially impaired, and their feeding difficulties were less likely to go into remission. Most children's onset of feeding difficulties occurred during the first year of life. Several medical and/or psychosocial and/or neurodevelopmental background factors were often recorded in the same child, regardless of the presence of ARFID or not. Neurodevelopmental disorders were significantly more common in children with ARFID. In conclusion, feeding difficulties in children are often complex, with several associated factors. In a clinical setting, such as the present study, ARFID can be expected in about one-fourth of cases. The feeding difficulties in children with ARFID can be expected to be more severe and persistent than other feeding difficulties. Healthcare providers should be aware of possible underlying neurodevelopmental difficulties in children with ARFID.
{"title":"Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, other eating difficulties and compromised growth in 72 children: background and associated factors","authors":"Maria E. Johansson, J. Hermansson, Petra Linnsand, C. Gillberg, G. Nygren","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1179775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1179775","url":null,"abstract":"This is a study of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), other feeding disorders, and background factors, including seventy-two children (thirty-one girls, forty-one boys, aged 4–178 months) referred to a secondary/tertiary feeding service for eating difficulties and/or compromised growth. An in-depth review of their medical records was performed. Diagnostic criteria for ARFID were met in 26% of cases. Children with ARFID were older, more nutritionally deficient, and psychosocially impaired, and their feeding difficulties were less likely to go into remission. Most children's onset of feeding difficulties occurred during the first year of life. Several medical and/or psychosocial and/or neurodevelopmental background factors were often recorded in the same child, regardless of the presence of ARFID or not. Neurodevelopmental disorders were significantly more common in children with ARFID. In conclusion, feeding difficulties in children are often complex, with several associated factors. In a clinical setting, such as the present study, ARFID can be expected in about one-fourth of cases. The feeding difficulties in children with ARFID can be expected to be more severe and persistent than other feeding difficulties. Healthcare providers should be aware of possible underlying neurodevelopmental difficulties in children with ARFID.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89335629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1136597
Mégane Estevez, N. Oppenchaim, Alexandra Descarpentrie, Lison Ramblière, Caroline Douay, C. Galéra, S. Vandentorren
Objective This study aimed to identify the housing and psychosocial factors associated with mental health disorders in children aged 6–12 years living in sheltered homeless families in the Greater Paris area (France), with a view to guiding the development of actions that could improve their mental health. Method The cross-sectional study ENFAMS (“Enfants et familles sans logement”) was conducted between January and May 2013 on a random sample of sheltered homeless families in the Greater Paris area using face-to-face questionnaires administered by trained interviewers and psychologists in 17 languages. The questionnaires collected data on socio-demographics, living conditions, and health characteristics for the child and one of the parent selected. Mental health disorders were assessed in 198 children using the Dominic Interactive tool. Statistical analyses were performed using multiple linear regression on complete data. Results The Dominic Interactive mean score was 28.8 (SD = 17.5), and it showed that 25.3% of the children had a possible or probable mental health disorder. Factors associated with higher children total difficulties scores, as measured by the Dominic Interactive, were parents' irregular administrative status, the child sleeping in the parents' bed, the child having been hospitalized in the past 12 months, and the child being bullied at school. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of psychosocial determinants in children's mental health, and underline the need for prevention actions for homeless families which focus on improving living, schooling, and healthcare conditions, especially greater access to mental health care.
目的本研究旨在确定与大巴黎地区(法国)收容无家可归家庭中6-12岁儿童精神健康障碍相关的住房和社会心理因素，以期指导制定改善其精神健康的行动。方法于2013年1月至5月在大巴黎地区随机抽取受庇护的无家可归家庭进行ENFAMS (Enfants et familes sans logement)横断面研究，采用面对面问卷调查的方式，由训练有素的采访者和心理学家使用17种语言进行问卷调查。调查表收集了有关儿童和所选父母之一的社会人口统计、生活条件和健康特征的数据。使用多米尼克互动工具评估了198名儿童的精神健康障碍。对完整资料采用多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果多米尼克互动评分平均为28.8分(SD = 17.5)，有25.3%的儿童存在可能或可能的心理健康障碍。根据多米尼克互动公司(Dominic Interactive)的测量，与儿童总体困难得分较高相关的因素有:父母的管理状态不正常、孩子睡在父母的床上、孩子在过去12个月里住院过、孩子在学校被欺负。我们的研究结果强调了心理社会决定因素在儿童心理健康中的重要性，并强调了无家可归家庭需要采取预防行动，重点是改善生活、学校教育和医疗保健条件，特别是增加获得精神卫生保健的机会。
{"title":"Housing and psychosocial factors associated with mental health in children aged 6–12 years from homeless families in the Greater Paris area, France: the ENFAMS cross-sectional study","authors":"Mégane Estevez, N. Oppenchaim, Alexandra Descarpentrie, Lison Ramblière, Caroline Douay, C. Galéra, S. Vandentorren","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1136597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1136597","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aimed to identify the housing and psychosocial factors associated with mental health disorders in children aged 6–12 years living in sheltered homeless families in the Greater Paris area (France), with a view to guiding the development of actions that could improve their mental health. Method The cross-sectional study ENFAMS (“Enfants et familles sans logement”) was conducted between January and May 2013 on a random sample of sheltered homeless families in the Greater Paris area using face-to-face questionnaires administered by trained interviewers and psychologists in 17 languages. The questionnaires collected data on socio-demographics, living conditions, and health characteristics for the child and one of the parent selected. Mental health disorders were assessed in 198 children using the Dominic Interactive tool. Statistical analyses were performed using multiple linear regression on complete data. Results The Dominic Interactive mean score was 28.8 (SD = 17.5), and it showed that 25.3% of the children had a possible or probable mental health disorder. Factors associated with higher children total difficulties scores, as measured by the Dominic Interactive, were parents' irregular administrative status, the child sleeping in the parents' bed, the child having been hospitalized in the past 12 months, and the child being bullied at school. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of psychosocial determinants in children's mental health, and underline the need for prevention actions for homeless families which focus on improving living, schooling, and healthcare conditions, especially greater access to mental health care.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74492187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1122371
Amy Campbell, G. Lewis, I. Costantini, Miguel Cordero, A. Skinner, E. Dermott, Tina Miller, Mari-Rose Kennedy, I. Culpin
Background Both maternal and paternal postnatal depression (PND) are associated with increased risk of less optimal offspring developmental outcomes. Early exposure to differences in maternal and paternal vocalisation behaviours associated with maternal and paternal PND may be important in this relationship. However, little research has captured vocalisation patterns at home without researchers present. Objectives This study sought to examine the associations between maternal and paternal PND and various aspects of parental vocalisation behaviours. Methods Mothers (n = 104) and fathers (n = 34) of six-months old infants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Generation-2 (ALSPAC-G2) provided video footage of mother- and father-infant interactions filmed at home using the head-worn video cameras (headcams) without the need for researchers to be present. Twenty-five mother-infant and father-infant interactions were coded on multiple aspects of parental and infant vocalisation behaviours using the micro-behavioural observational coding system. Parental (PND) was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; total score). Results Frequencies and duration of vocalisation behaviours were similar in mothers and fathers. However, there was an indication that fathers demonstrated higher frequency and duration of commands, exclamations and ironic/sarcastic tone, and criticisms compared to mothers, while mothers engaged in more teaching compared to fathers. Linear regression models indicated that maternal and paternal PND were not associated with the majority of vocalisation behaviours. However, there were some specific patterns observed, mostly related to the emotional tone of the vocalisations. Higher levels of maternal PND were associated with lower frequency of speech in a neutral tone, frequency and duration of use of humour, and increased duration of speech in a positive tone. Higher levels of paternal PND were associated with higher mean duration of speech, infant-directed speech, higher frequency and duration of laughing, and increased duration of speech using questions and encouragement. Conclusion These findings extend existing research by investigating the associations between maternal and paternal PND and a wide range of vocalisation behaviours captured and coded using innovative methods and in a more ecologically valid way than previous studies.
{"title":"Maternal and paternal depressive symptoms and parental vocalisation behaviours in infancy: findings from UK-based birth cohort","authors":"Amy Campbell, G. Lewis, I. Costantini, Miguel Cordero, A. Skinner, E. Dermott, Tina Miller, Mari-Rose Kennedy, I. Culpin","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1122371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1122371","url":null,"abstract":"Background Both maternal and paternal postnatal depression (PND) are associated with increased risk of less optimal offspring developmental outcomes. Early exposure to differences in maternal and paternal vocalisation behaviours associated with maternal and paternal PND may be important in this relationship. However, little research has captured vocalisation patterns at home without researchers present. Objectives This study sought to examine the associations between maternal and paternal PND and various aspects of parental vocalisation behaviours. Methods Mothers (n = 104) and fathers (n = 34) of six-months old infants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Generation-2 (ALSPAC-G2) provided video footage of mother- and father-infant interactions filmed at home using the head-worn video cameras (headcams) without the need for researchers to be present. Twenty-five mother-infant and father-infant interactions were coded on multiple aspects of parental and infant vocalisation behaviours using the micro-behavioural observational coding system. Parental (PND) was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; total score). Results Frequencies and duration of vocalisation behaviours were similar in mothers and fathers. However, there was an indication that fathers demonstrated higher frequency and duration of commands, exclamations and ironic/sarcastic tone, and criticisms compared to mothers, while mothers engaged in more teaching compared to fathers. Linear regression models indicated that maternal and paternal PND were not associated with the majority of vocalisation behaviours. However, there were some specific patterns observed, mostly related to the emotional tone of the vocalisations. Higher levels of maternal PND were associated with lower frequency of speech in a neutral tone, frequency and duration of use of humour, and increased duration of speech in a positive tone. Higher levels of paternal PND were associated with higher mean duration of speech, infant-directed speech, higher frequency and duration of laughing, and increased duration of speech using questions and encouragement. Conclusion These findings extend existing research by investigating the associations between maternal and paternal PND and a wide range of vocalisation behaviours captured and coded using innovative methods and in a more ecologically valid way than previous studies.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"2131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91362316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1075836
Kalim Ahmed, E. Flouri, G. Vigliocco
Introduction This study examined the relation between pragmatic language and internalising (depressive and anxiety) symptoms in 11-year-olds, using data from the 1958 British birth cohort study. Methods The cohort children were asked at age 11 to write an essay on their life as they imagined it would be at age 25. We analysed 200 of these essays for relevance, organisation and context-dependent references. Results We found associations between these aspects of pragmatic language and children's internalising symptom scores across parent and teacher ratings, even after adjustment for cognitive ability, socioeconomic position and structural language. Most notably, children writing more coherent essays had fewer teacher-rated internalising symptoms, after adjustment for confounders. Additionally, children who provided more relevant and varied information about their imagined future home-lives had fewer parent-rated internalising symptoms, after adjustment for confounders. Discussion The unique associations between pragmatic language skills and internalising symptoms observed are notable but preliminary, highlighting both the need for further research and potential applications for risk-assessment tools.
{"title":"Poor written pragmatic skills are associated with internalising symptoms in childhood: evidence from a UK birth cohort study","authors":"Kalim Ahmed, E. Flouri, G. Vigliocco","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1075836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1075836","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction This study examined the relation between pragmatic language and internalising (depressive and anxiety) symptoms in 11-year-olds, using data from the 1958 British birth cohort study. Methods The cohort children were asked at age 11 to write an essay on their life as they imagined it would be at age 25. We analysed 200 of these essays for relevance, organisation and context-dependent references. Results We found associations between these aspects of pragmatic language and children's internalising symptom scores across parent and teacher ratings, even after adjustment for cognitive ability, socioeconomic position and structural language. Most notably, children writing more coherent essays had fewer teacher-rated internalising symptoms, after adjustment for confounders. Additionally, children who provided more relevant and varied information about their imagined future home-lives had fewer parent-rated internalising symptoms, after adjustment for confounders. Discussion The unique associations between pragmatic language skills and internalising symptoms observed are notable but preliminary, highlighting both the need for further research and potential applications for risk-assessment tools.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83848039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1113938
André Plamondon, George M. Tarabulsy, G. Dionne, I. Ouellet-Morin, F. Vitaro, M. Brendgen, M. Boivin
Introduction School underachievement has been shown to mediate the association between inattention and depressive symptoms in middle childhood. However, is it not clear whether these sequential associations are underpinned by genetic and environmental pathways, and the extent to which associated disruptive behaviors, such as hyperactivity/impulsivity, and peer relation difficulties partly account for these associations. Methods The present study used a longitudinal study of twins assessed from Kindergarten to Grade 6 to address these questions using multivariate biometric modeling. Results The hypothesized genetically informed (twin) model revealed that over and above disruptive behaviors and relational difficulties, there was evidence for (1) shared genetic factors partly accounting for these associations, and for (2) putative phenotype-to-phenotype associations sequentially linking inattention, school achievement, and depressive symptoms. Discussion Confirmation of the expected sequence of phenotype-to-phenotype associations (i.e., in addition to shared genetic factors) suggests an environmental pathway linking these phenotypes. The discussion focuses on the relevance and significance of these pathways for understanding the development of school and mental health problems, as well as for the identification of children at risk and early preventive interventions.
{"title":"Inattention, academic underachievement, and depressive symptoms: uncovering environmental and genetic pathways from middle to late childhood","authors":"André Plamondon, George M. Tarabulsy, G. Dionne, I. Ouellet-Morin, F. Vitaro, M. Brendgen, M. Boivin","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1113938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1113938","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction School underachievement has been shown to mediate the association between inattention and depressive symptoms in middle childhood. However, is it not clear whether these sequential associations are underpinned by genetic and environmental pathways, and the extent to which associated disruptive behaviors, such as hyperactivity/impulsivity, and peer relation difficulties partly account for these associations. Methods The present study used a longitudinal study of twins assessed from Kindergarten to Grade 6 to address these questions using multivariate biometric modeling. Results The hypothesized genetically informed (twin) model revealed that over and above disruptive behaviors and relational difficulties, there was evidence for (1) shared genetic factors partly accounting for these associations, and for (2) putative phenotype-to-phenotype associations sequentially linking inattention, school achievement, and depressive symptoms. Discussion Confirmation of the expected sequence of phenotype-to-phenotype associations (i.e., in addition to shared genetic factors) suggests an environmental pathway linking these phenotypes. The discussion focuses on the relevance and significance of these pathways for understanding the development of school and mental health problems, as well as for the identification of children at risk and early preventive interventions.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81790176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1193258
Zeyuan Sun, Laila Hadaya, M. Leoni, P. Dazzan, E. Simonoff, S. Counsell, A. Edwards, C. Nosarti, Lucy D. Vanes
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global mental health crisis, especially for those individuals who are vulnerable to stress and anxiety due to pre-existing mental health problems. This study aimed to understand the emotional impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on children who were born very preterm (VPT, <32 weeks' gestation), as they are vulnerable to mental health difficulties and are at increased risk of developing psychiatric problems during childhood compared to their full-term-born counterparts. Methods The parents of 32 VPT children (mean age = 8.7) and 29 term-born controls (mean age = 8.8), who had previously taken part in a study of brain development and psychopathology following VPT birth, completed an online modified version of the Coronavirus Health and Impact Survey (CRISIS). The emotional impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the child and the parent, measured by the CRISIS, was studied in relation to pre-existing mental health, assessed with the parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), evaluated before the CRISIS completion (mean time gap 15 months). Linear regression model comparisons were conducted to study the effects of COVID-19-related stressors on children's and parents' behavior, relationships and mental health. Results There were no significant group differences in pre-existing SDQ internalizing/externalizing symptoms, child's emotions or parent's emotions during the COVID-19 lockdown. However, higher pre-existing internalizing symptoms in VPT children were associated with greater lockdown-related emotional problems and worries (simple slope = 1.95, p < 0.001), whereas this was not observed in term-born children. Conclusion Our results suggest that VPT children with pre-existing internalizing problems may be more vulnerable to the negative impact of certain societal and familial stressors, such as social restrictions during the national COVID-19 lockdown periods. Further rigorous studies are therefore needed to assess the severity of increased risks for this particularly vulnerable group in the context of potentially stressful life changes and adjustments.
{"title":"Comparing the emotional impact of the UK COVID-19 lockdown in very preterm and full-term born children: a longitudinal study","authors":"Zeyuan Sun, Laila Hadaya, M. Leoni, P. Dazzan, E. Simonoff, S. Counsell, A. Edwards, C. Nosarti, Lucy D. Vanes","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1193258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1193258","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global mental health crisis, especially for those individuals who are vulnerable to stress and anxiety due to pre-existing mental health problems. This study aimed to understand the emotional impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on children who were born very preterm (VPT, <32 weeks' gestation), as they are vulnerable to mental health difficulties and are at increased risk of developing psychiatric problems during childhood compared to their full-term-born counterparts. Methods The parents of 32 VPT children (mean age = 8.7) and 29 term-born controls (mean age = 8.8), who had previously taken part in a study of brain development and psychopathology following VPT birth, completed an online modified version of the Coronavirus Health and Impact Survey (CRISIS). The emotional impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the child and the parent, measured by the CRISIS, was studied in relation to pre-existing mental health, assessed with the parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), evaluated before the CRISIS completion (mean time gap 15 months). Linear regression model comparisons were conducted to study the effects of COVID-19-related stressors on children's and parents' behavior, relationships and mental health. Results There were no significant group differences in pre-existing SDQ internalizing/externalizing symptoms, child's emotions or parent's emotions during the COVID-19 lockdown. However, higher pre-existing internalizing symptoms in VPT children were associated with greater lockdown-related emotional problems and worries (simple slope = 1.95, p < 0.001), whereas this was not observed in term-born children. Conclusion Our results suggest that VPT children with pre-existing internalizing problems may be more vulnerable to the negative impact of certain societal and familial stressors, such as social restrictions during the national COVID-19 lockdown periods. Further rigorous studies are therefore needed to assess the severity of increased risks for this particularly vulnerable group in the context of potentially stressful life changes and adjustments.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80628724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2022.1018173
C. Grové, Alexandra Marinucci, J. Riebschleger
Adolescence is marked by a high prevalence of mental health concerns, with approximately 14% of young individuals receiving a diagnosis of a mental illness disorder. This figure is projected to rise in the future. However, barriers such as limited access to mental health services, a shortage of mental health professionals, and the enduring stigma surrounding mental health prevent many adolescents from seeking help, potentially resulting in long-term negative outcomes. To address these challenges, an evidence-based mental health literacy program implemented within schools offers a promising avenue for imparting knowledge and improving adolescents' mental well-being. This paper presents a mental health literacy and action program specifically tailored for adolescents, developed in collaboration with professionals, teachers, parents, and adolescents themselves. Lessons learned from program development and implementation in Australia and the United States are shared, providing insights into the process of designing and executing such programs. By enhancing mental health literacy and promoting help-seeking behaviors, this program has the potential to facilitate positive changes in adolescents' mental health outcomes.
{"title":"Development of an American and Australian co-designed youth mental health literacy program","authors":"C. Grové, Alexandra Marinucci, J. Riebschleger","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2022.1018173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2022.1018173","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is marked by a high prevalence of mental health concerns, with approximately 14% of young individuals receiving a diagnosis of a mental illness disorder. This figure is projected to rise in the future. However, barriers such as limited access to mental health services, a shortage of mental health professionals, and the enduring stigma surrounding mental health prevent many adolescents from seeking help, potentially resulting in long-term negative outcomes. To address these challenges, an evidence-based mental health literacy program implemented within schools offers a promising avenue for imparting knowledge and improving adolescents' mental well-being. This paper presents a mental health literacy and action program specifically tailored for adolescents, developed in collaboration with professionals, teachers, parents, and adolescents themselves. Lessons learned from program development and implementation in Australia and the United States are shared, providing insights into the process of designing and executing such programs. By enhancing mental health literacy and promoting help-seeking behaviors, this program has the potential to facilitate positive changes in adolescents' mental health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80400636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.1148273
Michael F. Royer, K. Cosgrove, Christopher M. Wharton
Recent evidence has indicated that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) involving abuse, neglect, and other potentially traumatic occurrences are predictive of disordered eating among young adults. Previous findings have suggested that ACEs and disordered eating were both inversely related to mindfulness. No known studies have examined the extent to which mindfulness mediates the link between ACEs and disordered eating. This study was conducted among a sample of 144 young adults in the U.S. between the ages of 18 and 26 years. Primary study variables included ACEs, mindfulness, and disordered eating. Univariate and multivariable regression analyses assessed the link between ACEs and disordered eating. Mediation analyses examined whether mindfulness mediated the link between ACEs and disordered eating. Multivariable analyses statistically adjusted for the covariates of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and income. Findings suggested ACEs were inversely related to mindfulness (B = −0.04, SE = 0.01; 95% CI = −0.07, −0.01; p < 0.05), mindfulness was inversely related to disordered eating (B = −1.27, SE = 0.23; 95% CI = −1.74, −0.80; p < 0.0001), and ACEs were positively related to disordered eating before (B = 0.17, SE = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.26; p = 0.0001) and after (B = 0.13, SE = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.21; p = 0.002) adjusting for mindfulness. Mediation analysis results indicated that the link between ACEs and disordered eating was significantly mediated by mindfulness (B = 0.05, SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.09; p < 0.05). Evidence produced in this study confirmed existing findings concerning the positive association between ACEs and disordered eating among young adults, and these outcomes helped fill a knowledge gap regarding whether mindfulness mediates the link between ACEs and disordered eating. Future intervention studies should identify health-enhancing mindfulness approaches and then test whether the adoption of mindfulness practices can alleviate and prevent disordered eating among young adults with high ACEs.
最近的证据表明，包括虐待、忽视和其他潜在创伤事件在内的不良童年经历(ace)是年轻人饮食失调的前兆。先前的研究结果表明，ace和饮食失调都与正念呈负相关。没有已知的研究调查了正念在多大程度上调解了ace和饮食失调之间的联系。这项研究是在144名年龄在18到26岁之间的美国年轻人中进行的。主要研究变量包括ace、正念和饮食失调。单变量和多变量回归分析评估了ace和饮食失调之间的联系。中介分析检验了正念是否介导了ace和饮食失调之间的联系。多变量分析对年龄、性别、种族/民族和收入等协变量进行统计调整。结果表明，ace与正念呈负相关(B = - 0.04, SE = 0.01;95% ci =−0.07，−0.01;p < 0.05)，正念与饮食失调呈负相关(B = - 1.27, SE = 0.23;95% ci =−1.74，−0.80;p < 0.0001)，既往饮食失调与ace呈正相关(B = 0.17, SE = 0.04;95% ci = 0.09, 0.26;p = 0.0001)后(B = 0.13, SE = 0.04;95% ci = 0.05, 0.21;P = 0.002)。中介分析结果表明，正念显著中介了ace与饮食失调之间的关系(B = 0.05, SE = 0.02;95% ci = 0.01, 0.09;p < 0.05)。本研究中产生的证据证实了现有的发现，即在年轻人中，ace与饮食失调之间存在正相关，这些结果有助于填补关于正念是否介导ace与饮食失调之间的联系的知识空白。未来的干预研究应该确定增强健康的正念方法，然后测试采用正念练习是否可以缓解和预防高ace年轻人的饮食失调。
{"title":"Absent mindfulness: mediation analyses of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and disordered eating among young adults","authors":"Michael F. Royer, K. Cosgrove, Christopher M. Wharton","doi":"10.3389/frcha.2023.1148273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frcha.2023.1148273","url":null,"abstract":"Recent evidence has indicated that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) involving abuse, neglect, and other potentially traumatic occurrences are predictive of disordered eating among young adults. Previous findings have suggested that ACEs and disordered eating were both inversely related to mindfulness. No known studies have examined the extent to which mindfulness mediates the link between ACEs and disordered eating. This study was conducted among a sample of 144 young adults in the U.S. between the ages of 18 and 26 years. Primary study variables included ACEs, mindfulness, and disordered eating. Univariate and multivariable regression analyses assessed the link between ACEs and disordered eating. Mediation analyses examined whether mindfulness mediated the link between ACEs and disordered eating. Multivariable analyses statistically adjusted for the covariates of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and income. Findings suggested ACEs were inversely related to mindfulness (B = −0.04, SE = 0.01; 95% CI = −0.07, −0.01; p < 0.05), mindfulness was inversely related to disordered eating (B = −1.27, SE = 0.23; 95% CI = −1.74, −0.80; p < 0.0001), and ACEs were positively related to disordered eating before (B = 0.17, SE = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.26; p = 0.0001) and after (B = 0.13, SE = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.21; p = 0.002) adjusting for mindfulness. Mediation analysis results indicated that the link between ACEs and disordered eating was significantly mediated by mindfulness (B = 0.05, SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.09; p < 0.05). Evidence produced in this study confirmed existing findings concerning the positive association between ACEs and disordered eating among young adults, and these outcomes helped fill a knowledge gap regarding whether mindfulness mediates the link between ACEs and disordered eating. Future intervention studies should identify health-enhancing mindfulness approaches and then test whether the adoption of mindfulness practices can alleviate and prevent disordered eating among young adults with high ACEs.","PeriodicalId":73074,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80803352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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