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What's trust got to do with research: why not accountability? 信任与研究有什么关系:为什么不追究责任?
Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1237742
Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan, Bridget Haire
This paper explores the intricate dynamics of trust, power, and vulnerability in the relationship between researchers and study participants/communities in the field of bioethics. The power and knowledge imbalances between researchers and participants create a structural vulnerability for the latter. While trust-building is important between researchers and study participants/communities, the consenting process can be challenging, often burdening participants with power abrogation. Trust can be breached. The paper highlights the contractual nature of the research relationship and argues that trust alone cannot prevent exploitation as power imbalances and vulnerabilities persist. To protect participants, bioethics guidance documents promote accountability and ethical compliance. These documents uphold fairness in the researcher-participant relationship and safeguard the interests of socially vulnerable participants. The paper also highlights the role of shared decision-making and inclusive deliberation with diverse stakeholders and recommends that efforts should be made by researchers to clarify roles and responsibilities, while research regulatory agents should transform the research-participant relationship into a legal-based contract governed by accountability principles. While trust remains important, alternative mechanisms may be needed to ensure ethical research practices and protect the interests of participants and communities. Striking a balance between trust and accountability is crucial in this regard.
本文探讨了生物伦理学领域研究人员与研究参与者/社区之间关系中信任、权力和脆弱性的复杂动态。研究人员和参与者之间的权力和知识失衡给后者造成了结构性的脆弱性。虽然在研究人员和研究参与者/社区之间建立信任很重要,但同意过程可能具有挑战性,通常会给参与者带来权力废除的负担。信任可能会被破坏。本文强调了研究关系的契约性质,并认为由于权力不平衡和脆弱性持续存在,仅靠信任无法防止剥削。为了保护参与者,生物伦理指导文件促进问责制和伦理合规。这些文献维护了研究者与参与者关系的公平性,维护了社会弱势参与者的利益。该论文还强调了与不同利益相关者共同决策和包容性审议的作用,并建议研究人员应努力澄清角色和责任,而研究监管机构应将研究-参与者关系转变为一种受问责原则支配的基于法律的合同。虽然信任仍然很重要,但可能需要其他机制来确保合乎伦理的研究实践并保护参与者和社区的利益。在这方面,在信任和问责制之间取得平衡至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Single-case design meta-analyses in education and psychology: a systematic review of methodology 教育和心理学中的单例设计荟萃分析:方法论的系统回顾
Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1190362
Mariola Moeyaert, Marzieh Dehghan-Chaleshtori, Xinyun Xu, Panpan Yang
Meta-analysis is of increasing importance as this quantitative synthesis technique has the potential to summarize a tremendous amount of research evidence, which can help making evidence-based decisions in policy, practice, and theory. This paper examines the single-case meta-analyses within the Education and Psychology fields. The amount of methodological studies related to the meta-analysis of Single-Case Experimental Designs (SCEDs) is increasing rapidly, especially in these fields. This underscores the necessity of a succinct summary to help methodologists identify areas for further development in Education and Psychology research. It also aids applied researchers and research synthesists in discerning when to use meta-analytic techniques for SCED studies based on criteria such as bias, mean squared error, 95% confidence intervals, Type I error rates, and statistical power. Based on the summary of empirical evidence from 18 reports identified through a systematic search procedure, information related to meta-analytic techniques, data generation and analysis models, design conditions, statistical properties, conditions under which the meta-analytic technique is appropriate, and the study purpose(s) were extracted. The results indicate that three-level hierarchical linear modeling is the most empirically validated SCED meta-analytic technique, and parameter bias is the most prominent statistical property investigated. A large number of primary studies (more than 30) and at least 20 measurement occasions per participant are recommended for usage of SCED meta-analysis in Education and Psychology fields.
元分析越来越重要,因为这种定量综合技术有可能总结大量的研究证据,这有助于在政策、实践和理论方面做出基于证据的决策。本文考察了教育和心理学领域的单案例荟萃分析。与单例实验设计(SCEDs)的荟萃分析相关的方法学研究的数量正在迅速增加,特别是在这些领域。这强调了简洁总结的必要性,以帮助方法学家确定教育和心理学研究的进一步发展领域。它还帮助应用研究人员和研究综合人员根据偏差、均方误差、95%置信区间、I型错误率和统计功率等标准,辨别何时使用元分析技术进行经济与经济发展研究。通过系统检索程序对18份报告的经验证据进行总结,提取出与元分析技术、数据生成和分析模型、设计条件、统计特性、适用元分析技术的条件和研究目的相关的信息。结果表明,三层次线性模型是实证最有效的SCED元分析方法,参数偏差是研究中最突出的统计性质。建议在教育和心理学领域使用SCED元分析,需要大量的初步研究(超过30项)和每位参与者至少20个测量场合。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying mental health discussion topic in social media community: subreddit of bipolar disorder analysis 识别社会媒体社区的心理健康讨论话题:双相情感障碍分析的子reddit
Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1243407
Tatsawan Timakum, Qing Xie, Soobin Lee
Online platforms allow individuals to connect with others, share experiences, and find communities with similar interests, providing a sense of belonging and reducing feelings of isolation. Numerous previous studies examined the content of online health communities to gain insights into the sentiments surrounding mental health conditions. However, there is a noticeable gap in the research landscape, as no study has specifically concentrated on conducting an in-depth analysis or providing a comprehensive visualization of Bipolar disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap by examining the Bipolar subreddit online community, where we collected 1,460,447 posts as plain text documents for analysis. By employing LDA topic modeling and sentiment analysis, we found that the Bipolar disorder online community on Reddit discussed various aspects of the condition, including symptoms, mood swings, diagnosis, and medication. Users shared personal experiences, challenges, and coping strategies, seeking support and connection. Discussions related to therapy and medication were prevalent, emphasizing the importance of finding suitable therapists and managing medication side effects. The online community serves as a platform for seeking help, advice, and information, highlighting the role of social support in managing bipolar disorder. This study enhances our understanding of individuals living with bipolar disorder and provides valuable insights and feedback for researchers developing mental health interventions.
在线平台允许个人与其他人联系,分享经验,并找到有相似兴趣的社区,提供归属感并减少孤立感。之前的许多研究都考察了在线健康社区的内容,以深入了解围绕心理健康状况的情绪。然而,在研究领域有一个明显的差距,因为没有研究专门集中于进行深入分析或提供双相情感障碍的全面可视化。因此,本研究旨在通过检查双相子reddit在线社区来解决这一差距,我们收集了1,460,447个帖子作为纯文本文档进行分析。通过使用LDA主题建模和情感分析,我们发现Reddit上的双相情感障碍在线社区讨论了该疾病的各个方面,包括症状、情绪波动、诊断和药物治疗。用户分享个人经历、挑战和应对策略,寻求支持和联系。有关治疗和药物的讨论很普遍,强调寻找合适的治疗师和管理药物副作用的重要性。在线社区作为寻求帮助、建议和信息的平台,突出了社会支持在管理双相情感障碍中的作用。这项研究增强了我们对双相情感障碍患者的理解,并为研究人员开发心理健康干预措施提供了有价值的见解和反馈。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing the dynamics of social media texts using coherency network analysis: a case study of the tweets with the co-hashtags of #BlackLivesMatter and #StopAsianHate. 使用连贯性网络分析分析社交媒体文本的动态:对带有#BlackLivesMatter和#StopAsianHate共同标签的推文的案例研究。
Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1239726
Ke Jiang, Qian Xu

Introduction: This study examines the associations between time series, termed "coherency," using spectral analysis. Coherence squared, analogous to the squared correlation coefficient, serves as a metric to quantify the degree of interdependence and co-evolution of individual nodes.

Methods: We utilized spectral analysis to compute coherence squared, unveiling relationships and co-evolution patterns among individual nodes. The resultant matrix of these relationships was subjected to network analysis.

Results: By conducting a case study analyzing tweets associated with the co-hashtags #StopAsianHate and #BlackLivesMatter, we present a novel approach utilizing coherency network analysis to investigate the dynamics of social media text. Frequency domain analysis aided in calculating coherence squared, effectively illustrating the relationships and co-evolution of individual nodes. Furthermore, an analysis of the phase spectrum's slope facilitated the determination of time lag and potential causality direction between highly co-evolved node pairs.

Discussion: Our findings underline the potential of coherency network analysis in comprehending the intricate dynamics of social media text. This approach offers valuable insights into how topics, sentiments, or movements manifest and evolve within the digital realm. Future research should explore diverse datasets and domains to broaden our understanding of this novel analytical technique.

引言:这项研究使用光谱分析来研究时间序列之间的关联,称为“相干性”。相干平方,类似于平方相关系数,用作量化单个节点的相互依赖和共同进化程度的度量。方法:我们利用光谱分析来计算相干平方,揭示单个节点之间的关系和协同进化模式。对这些关系的结果矩阵进行网络分析。结果:通过对与#StopAsianHaate和#BlackLivesMatter共同标签相关的推文进行案例分析,我们提出了一种利用连贯性网络分析来研究社交媒体文本动态的新方法。频域分析有助于计算相干平方,有效地说明了各个节点的关系和协同进化。此外,对相位谱斜率的分析有助于确定高度协同进化的节点对之间的时间滞后和潜在因果关系方向。讨论:我们的研究结果强调了连贯性网络分析在理解社交媒体文本复杂动态方面的潜力。这种方法为主题、情感或运动如何在数字领域中表现和发展提供了宝贵的见解。未来的研究应该探索不同的数据集和领域,以拓宽我们对这种新型分析技术的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Responsible models and indicators: challenges from artificial intelligence. 负责任的模型和指标:来自人工智能的挑战。
Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1305692
Yi Zhang
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum: Evaluative altmetrics: is there evidence for its application to research evaluation? 勘误表:评估性altmetrics:有证据证明它在研究评估中的应用吗?
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1295959
Wenceslao Arroyo-Machado, Daniel Torres-Salinas

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1188131.].

[这更正了文章DOI:10.3389/frma.2023.1188131.]。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Open when, why, to whom? Changing challenges, perspectives and practices in a new research culture. 社论:何时开放,为什么开放,对谁开放?新研究文化中不断变化的挑战、观点和实践。
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1303941
Rogério Mugnaini, Chris Fradkin, Shalini Urs
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引用次数: 0
Bending time: lessons from critical, community-engaged, liberatory research. 弯曲时间:从批判性的、社区参与的、解放性的研究中汲取教训。
Pub Date : 2023-10-12 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1174694
Brian D Lozenski, Anita P Chikkatur

In this article, we use the framework of chronopolitics and racialized time to explore our experiences as professors of color at predominantly white institutions who strive to do emancipatory, community-driven research. Our shared work as organizers for Education for Liberation Minnesota (EdLibMN), a grassroots organization working to bring together various constituencies in Minnesota to organize for educational justice, led us to think together about chronopolitics as a framework to understand how our scholarly commitments to social transformation and liberatory education impact our labor and teaching practices at our institutions. This framework allows us to examine our relationships with communities in our individual research and advocacy contexts as well as in our shared work as organizers for EdLibMN. In particular, we explore how the urgency and timeline of our community-based advocacy work and the rhythms and improvisation of participatory action research are juxtaposed with the surveillance and evaluation of our labor and the urgency of "tenure clocks" at our institutions. We end by discussing our own transformational learning through our collaborations with community researchers and organizers. We speculate about the possibilities of bending time-the chronopolitics of collective struggle and joy-that allows us to focus on building relationships as a central tenet of emancipatory research practices and to ensure our own health and wellbeing as scholar-activists of color.

在这篇文章中,我们使用时间政治和种族化时间的框架来探索我们作为有色人种教授在以白人为主的机构中的经历,他们努力进行解放性的、社区驱动的研究。我们作为明尼苏达州解放教育组织(EdLibMN)的组织者共同工作,该组织是一个基层组织,致力于将明尼苏达州的各个选区聚集在一起,组织教育正义,促使我们共同思考时间政治,将其作为一个框架,以了解我们对社会转型和解放教育的学术承诺如何影响我们机构的劳动和教学实践。该框架使我们能够在个人研究和宣传背景下,以及作为EdLibMN组织者的共同工作中,审视我们与社区的关系。特别是,我们探讨了我们以社区为基础的宣传工作的紧迫性和时间表,以及参与性行动研究的节奏和即兴创作,如何与我们的劳动监督和评估以及我们机构“任期时钟”的紧迫性并置。最后,我们通过与社区研究人员和组织者的合作,讨论我们自己的转型学习。我们推测了弯曲时间的可能性——集体斗争和欢乐的时间政治,这使我们能够专注于建立关系,将其作为解放研究实践的核心原则,并确保我们自己作为有色人种学者活动家的健康和福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Sciducio: a practical framework for guiding the development and leadership of the academic research environment. Sciducio:指导学术研究环境发展和领导的实用框架。
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1205874
Lee Stoner, Craig Paterson, Lane Perry, Simon Higgins, Nathan Woolard, Patricia Pagan Lassalle, Emma Cowley, Yolanda Lassalle

The goal of this paper is to introduce Sciducio, a practical framework for guiding the development and leadership of an academic research environment. The principal audience for this framework is new academics, that is individuals beginning a tenure-track position in the U.S or a lecturing position elsewhere in the world. However, we also believe this framework will be of use to established academics searching for structure, academics moving to a new institution, and can serve as a training tool for doctoral and postdoctoral mentees. We briefly describe the theory supporting Sciducio, outline the framework and its individual components (blocks), then provide suggested instructions for use. We provide suggested instructions (i.e., descriptive rather than prescriptive), because there is no one-size-fits-all approach for ensuring success. Sciducio incorporates three domains (Plan, Manage, and Deliver), encompasses eight blocks, and is intended to fit on one-sheet of paper or one screen. The Plan domain includes the blocks: value, strategy, and leadership. The Manage domain includes the blocks: activities, key resources, and finances. The Deliver domain includes the blocks: solution and channels. Considering each of the framework blocks is complex, we cannot provide full justice to each component. This paper serves as a general overview and subsequent papers will be more topic specific. Additionally, we encourage others to contribute to and advance this framework.

本文的目的是介绍Sciducio,这是一个指导学术研究环境发展和领导的实用框架。该框架的主要受众是新学者,即在美国开始终身教职或在世界其他地方担任讲师的个人。然而,我们也相信,这个框架将对寻找结构的老牌学者、搬到新机构的学者有用,并可以作为博士和博士后的培训工具。我们简要描述了支持Sciducio的理论,概述了框架及其各个组件(块),然后提供了建议的使用说明。我们提供建议的说明(即描述性而非规定性),因为没有一种一刀切的方法来确保成功。Sciducio包含三个领域(计划、管理和交付),包括八个区块,旨在放在一张纸或一个屏幕上。Plan域包括以下几个块:价值、战略和领导力。Manage域包括块:活动、关键资源和财务。Deliver域包括块:解决方案和渠道。考虑到每个框架块都很复杂,我们无法为每个组成部分提供充分的公正性。本文作为一个总体概述,随后的论文将更加具体。此外,我们鼓励其他方面为这一框架作出贡献并加以推进。
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引用次数: 0
Introducing the open biomedical map of science. 介绍开放的生物医学科学地图。
Pub Date : 2023-10-04 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1274793
Michael Ginda, Bruce W Herr, Katy Börner

This article introduces work in progress to develop a new, open biomedical map of science (OBMS) using the PubMed citation database. The new science map represents bimodal network relationships between journals and medical subject heading (MeSH) descriptors, based on a journal's articles indexed in the MEDLINE component of PubMed. We review the current efforts to use PubMed data in science of science studies and science mapping. As part of the development process, we compare the journals indexed in PubMed with journals included in the 2011 UCSD map of science to establish a baseline of disciplinary coverage of PubMed for the period 2009-2019. Journal article frequency is analyzed to establish the minimum number of citations required by a journal for inclusion in a map of science. A prototype OBMS is presented, and we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the OBMS, as well as the next steps for using and productizing this new open map for general and free usage.

本文介绍了使用PubMed引文数据库开发新的开放式生物医学科学地图(OBMS)的工作进展。新的科学地图代表了期刊和医学主题标题(MeSH)描述符之间的双峰网络关系,基于PubMed MEDLINE组件中索引的期刊文章。我们回顾了目前在科学研究和科学制图中使用PubMed数据的努力。作为开发过程的一部分,我们将PubMed中索引的期刊与2011年加州大学可持续发展学院科学地图中包含的期刊进行比较,以建立2009-2019年PubMed学科覆盖率的基线。对期刊文章频率进行分析,以确定期刊在科学地图中所需的最低引用次数。介绍了一个原型OBMS,我们讨论了OBMS的优势和劣势,以及使用和生产这种新的开放地图以供通用和免费使用的下一步步骤。
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引用次数: 0
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Frontiers in research metrics and analytics
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