Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1296349
Karl-Axel Jönsson, Edvin Andersson, Tryggve Nevéus, Torbjörn Gärdenfors, Christian Balkenius
Bedwetting, also known as enuresis, is the second most common chronic health problem among children and it affects their everyday life negatively. A first-line treatment option is the enuresis alarm. This method entails the child being awoken by a detector and alarm unit upon urination at night, thereby changing their arousal mechanisms and potentially curing them after 6–8 weeks of consistent therapy. The enuresis alarm treatment has a reported success rate above 50% but requires significant effort from the families involved. Additionally, there is a challenge in identifying early indicators of successful treatment.The alarm treatment has been further developed by the company Pjama AB, which, in addition to the alarm, offers a mobile application where users provides data about the patient and information regarding each night throughout the treatment. The wet and dry nights are recorded, in addition to the actual timing of the bedwetting incidents. We used the machine learning model random forest to see if predictions of treatment outcome could be made in early stages of treatment and shorten the evaluation time based on data from 611 patients. This was carried out by using and analyzing data from patients who had used the Pjama application. The patients were split into training and testing groups to evaluate to what extent the algorithm could make predictions every day about whether a patient’s treatment would be successful, partially successful, or unsuccessful.The results show that a large number of patient outcomes can already be predicted accurately in the early stages of treatment.Accurate predictions enable the correct measures to be taken earlier in the treatment, including increasing motivation, adding pharmacotherapy, or terminating treatment. This has the potential to shorten the treatment in general, and to detect patients who will not respond to the treatment early on, which in turn can improve the lives of children suffering from enuresis. The results show great potential in making the treatment of enuresis more efficient.
{"title":"Improving the efficacy of enuresis alarm treatment through early prediction of treatment outcome: a machine learning approach","authors":"Karl-Axel Jönsson, Edvin Andersson, Tryggve Nevéus, Torbjörn Gärdenfors, Christian Balkenius","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1296349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1296349","url":null,"abstract":"Bedwetting, also known as enuresis, is the second most common chronic health problem among children and it affects their everyday life negatively. A first-line treatment option is the enuresis alarm. This method entails the child being awoken by a detector and alarm unit upon urination at night, thereby changing their arousal mechanisms and potentially curing them after 6–8 weeks of consistent therapy. The enuresis alarm treatment has a reported success rate above 50% but requires significant effort from the families involved. Additionally, there is a challenge in identifying early indicators of successful treatment.The alarm treatment has been further developed by the company Pjama AB, which, in addition to the alarm, offers a mobile application where users provides data about the patient and information regarding each night throughout the treatment. The wet and dry nights are recorded, in addition to the actual timing of the bedwetting incidents. We used the machine learning model random forest to see if predictions of treatment outcome could be made in early stages of treatment and shorten the evaluation time based on data from 611 patients. This was carried out by using and analyzing data from patients who had used the Pjama application. The patients were split into training and testing groups to evaluate to what extent the algorithm could make predictions every day about whether a patient’s treatment would be successful, partially successful, or unsuccessful.The results show that a large number of patient outcomes can already be predicted accurately in the early stages of treatment.Accurate predictions enable the correct measures to be taken earlier in the treatment, including increasing motivation, adding pharmacotherapy, or terminating treatment. This has the potential to shorten the treatment in general, and to detect patients who will not respond to the treatment early on, which in turn can improve the lives of children suffering from enuresis. The results show great potential in making the treatment of enuresis more efficient.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1289421
Chidimma A. Omeke, Charles E. Azuka
Urinary Incontinence, the uncontrolled or involuntary loss of urine, is a prevalent condition among women that is frequently underdiagnosed and underreported, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The social stigma attached to urinary incontinence contributes to low presentation rates for care, and the help-seeking behavior of SSA women with urinary incontinence in this region. Thus, the occurrence of urinary incontinence imposes a considerable burden on women in SSA, leading to physical, social, and psychological complications. A multitude of challenges, such as limited availability of urogynaecological facilities, corruption, etc, have collectively contributed to the scarcity of information on how to manage urinary incontinence in this region. The commonplace management of urinary incontinence is the use of adult diapers, mostly among older women in this region. While it is essential to carry out more research to comprehend the impact of urinary incontinence on women in Sub-Saharan Africa and to promote awareness of medical and surgical interventions; It is recommended that the governing bodies of these regions enhance their endeavors to provide essential facilities and training a skilled workforce to manage this condition at a subsidized cost.
{"title":"Urinary incontinence among women in sub-Saharan Africa – an overview","authors":"Chidimma A. Omeke, Charles E. Azuka","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1289421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1289421","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary Incontinence, the uncontrolled or involuntary loss of urine, is a prevalent condition among women that is frequently underdiagnosed and underreported, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The social stigma attached to urinary incontinence contributes to low presentation rates for care, and the help-seeking behavior of SSA women with urinary incontinence in this region. Thus, the occurrence of urinary incontinence imposes a considerable burden on women in SSA, leading to physical, social, and psychological complications. A multitude of challenges, such as limited availability of urogynaecological facilities, corruption, etc, have collectively contributed to the scarcity of information on how to manage urinary incontinence in this region. The commonplace management of urinary incontinence is the use of adult diapers, mostly among older women in this region. While it is essential to carry out more research to comprehend the impact of urinary incontinence on women in Sub-Saharan Africa and to promote awareness of medical and surgical interventions; It is recommended that the governing bodies of these regions enhance their endeavors to provide essential facilities and training a skilled workforce to manage this condition at a subsidized cost.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"361 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1144618
Soojin Kim, Esther L. Finney, Ushasi Naha, Ilina Rosoklija, Kyle S. Honegger, Allison Goetsch Weisman, Jane L. Holl, Courtney Finlayson, Diane Chen, Emilie K. Johnson
Objective Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) prenatal screening is a commercially available noninvasive test that detects fetal genetic material in maternal blood. While expectant parents often use it for “gender” determination, there is little information about unintended consequences of testing, such as revelation of a difference of sex development (DSD). The study aimed to characterize currently available website information about cfDNA and compare the cfDNA-related content. Methods A systematic search for websites with information about cfDNA was conducted using search terms generated by a natural language processing analysis of the results of an Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) survey of 1,000 parents and then performing a “Google” search, using the terms. Commercial cfDNA testing companies (CC) websites were also identified by consulting a genetic counselor (AGW). Data were collected on about each website’s characteristics and information about cfDNA. Information about cfDNA was compared between websites. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test were applied, as appropriate. Results Sixty websites were identified. After eliminating duplicates, 11 commercial company (CC) websites were identified. Nineteen other websites were reviewed of which six overlapped with five CC websites. Most of the websites had non-professional authors (73.7%), such as laypersons and CC representatives. CC websites were significantly more likely than search term-identified websites to state that cfDNA can screen for trisomy 21 ( p =0.002), trisomy 18 ( p <0.0001), trisomy 13 ( p <0.001), sex chromosome aneuploidies ( p <0.001), and microdeletions ( p= 0.002). Conclusions This study shows that most website currently available information for expectant parents about cfDNA prenatal screening is produced by non-professional organizations. There are significant differences between the information provided by CC and Google search websites, specifically about the number of conditions screened for by cfDNA. Improving availability and quality of information about cfDNA could improve counseling future expectant parents. Inclusion of information about the potential for detection of a DSD is needed.
{"title":"Comparison of web-based information about cell-free DNA prenatal screening: implications for differences of sex development care","authors":"Soojin Kim, Esther L. Finney, Ushasi Naha, Ilina Rosoklija, Kyle S. Honegger, Allison Goetsch Weisman, Jane L. Holl, Courtney Finlayson, Diane Chen, Emilie K. Johnson","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1144618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1144618","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) prenatal screening is a commercially available noninvasive test that detects fetal genetic material in maternal blood. While expectant parents often use it for “gender” determination, there is little information about unintended consequences of testing, such as revelation of a difference of sex development (DSD). The study aimed to characterize currently available website information about cfDNA and compare the cfDNA-related content. Methods A systematic search for websites with information about cfDNA was conducted using search terms generated by a natural language processing analysis of the results of an Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) survey of 1,000 parents and then performing a “Google” search, using the terms. Commercial cfDNA testing companies (CC) websites were also identified by consulting a genetic counselor (AGW). Data were collected on about each website’s characteristics and information about cfDNA. Information about cfDNA was compared between websites. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test were applied, as appropriate. Results Sixty websites were identified. After eliminating duplicates, 11 commercial company (CC) websites were identified. Nineteen other websites were reviewed of which six overlapped with five CC websites. Most of the websites had non-professional authors (73.7%), such as laypersons and CC representatives. CC websites were significantly more likely than search term-identified websites to state that cfDNA can screen for trisomy 21 ( p =0.002), trisomy 18 ( p &lt;0.0001), trisomy 13 ( p &lt;0.001), sex chromosome aneuploidies ( p &lt;0.001), and microdeletions ( p= 0.002). Conclusions This study shows that most website currently available information for expectant parents about cfDNA prenatal screening is produced by non-professional organizations. There are significant differences between the information provided by CC and Google search websites, specifically about the number of conditions screened for by cfDNA. Improving availability and quality of information about cfDNA could improve counseling future expectant parents. Inclusion of information about the potential for detection of a DSD is needed.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"470 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1257368
Ruijie Dai, Fan Jiang, Junjie Fan, Dalin He, Lei Li, Kaijie Wu
Zinner’s syndrome (ZS) is a rare congenital malformation due to abnormal development of the urogenital tract. It is characterized by the triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst and ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction. Cases are rarely reported in China since the incidence of the disease is low. Symptoms also vary widely among patients and its etiology is unclear. In this article, we described two patients with totally different cinicopathological and genetic features based on exon sequencing.
{"title":"Clinicopathological and genetic features of Zinner’s syndrome: two case reports and review of the literature","authors":"Ruijie Dai, Fan Jiang, Junjie Fan, Dalin He, Lei Li, Kaijie Wu","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1257368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1257368","url":null,"abstract":"Zinner’s syndrome (ZS) is a rare congenital malformation due to abnormal development of the urogenital tract. It is characterized by the triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst and ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction. Cases are rarely reported in China since the incidence of the disease is low. Symptoms also vary widely among patients and its etiology is unclear. In this article, we described two patients with totally different cinicopathological and genetic features based on exon sequencing.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135731779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims To explore the feasibility of using pressure-volume (PV) catheters for cystometry. These catheters are well-established in cardiovascular research for simultaneous pressure and volume measurements in the left ventricle. Methods Urinary bladders with urethras were collected from domestic pigs for ex-vivo testing. Using a pump, bladders were filled up to 500ml at five different filling rates (15, 20, 25, 30, 35ml/min), and the resulting pressures and volumes were measured using a PV catheter. The bladder were compressed externally in three different areas (central, apex and outlet) to assess the PV catheter’s ability to detect local changes in bladder volume. Results Bladder pressure remained below 10cmH2O for all bladder filling rates. Volume measurements were compared with the volumes instilled by the pump (ground truth), proving high reproducibility and accuracy of the PV catheter measurements up to 400ml. Using the different sensing units of the PV catheter, local changes in bladder volumes could be identified and quantified. Conclusion The main advantage of PV catheters, compared to existing technology used in urology (e.g. conventional urodynamic testing), is the possibility to i) simultaneously measure bladder pressure and volumes and ii) identify local changes in bladder volume (e.g. caused by non-voiding contractions). Both could be useful in the clinical setting to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (e.g. overactive/underactive bladder).
{"title":"Can cardiac pressure-volume catheters improve urodynamic assessment? an ex-vivo proof-of-concept","authors":"Silje Ekroll Jahren, Dominik Obrist, Matthias Haenggi, Fiona Burkhard, Francesco Clavica","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1258649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1258649","url":null,"abstract":"Aims To explore the feasibility of using pressure-volume (PV) catheters for cystometry. These catheters are well-established in cardiovascular research for simultaneous pressure and volume measurements in the left ventricle. Methods Urinary bladders with urethras were collected from domestic pigs for ex-vivo testing. Using a pump, bladders were filled up to 500ml at five different filling rates (15, 20, 25, 30, 35ml/min), and the resulting pressures and volumes were measured using a PV catheter. The bladder were compressed externally in three different areas (central, apex and outlet) to assess the PV catheter’s ability to detect local changes in bladder volume. Results Bladder pressure remained below 10cmH2O for all bladder filling rates. Volume measurements were compared with the volumes instilled by the pump (ground truth), proving high reproducibility and accuracy of the PV catheter measurements up to 400ml. Using the different sensing units of the PV catheter, local changes in bladder volumes could be identified and quantified. Conclusion The main advantage of PV catheters, compared to existing technology used in urology (e.g. conventional urodynamic testing), is the possibility to i) simultaneously measure bladder pressure and volumes and ii) identify local changes in bladder volume (e.g. caused by non-voiding contractions). Both could be useful in the clinical setting to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (e.g. overactive/underactive bladder).","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135854249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1173885
Zhi Hong Sun, Xue Wei Ma, Wei Sun, Ying Ji Wei, Yi Zhen Li, Dan Wang, Chang Xi Zhou, Guo Gang Xu, Gui Zhi Zhang
Objective To analyze the effect of different types of disinfectants for perineum and urethral meatus cleaning in preventing catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). Methods Chinese and English databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of different disinfectants for perineum and urethral meatus cleaning to prevent CAUTI, and the positive rates of urine culture with different cleaning methods were contrasted by network meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 RCTs were included in this study to analyze the effect of 10 disinfectants in preventing CAUTI. The disinfectants were 0.1% chlorhexidine (CHG), 0.5% CHG, 2% CHG, 0.1% benzalkonium bromide (DBDAB), 0.05% iodophor, 0.5% iodophor, acidic oxidizing potential water (EOW), normal saline (NS), Shehuang lotion, and sterile water. Meta-analysis showed that the positive rates of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster, EOW cluster, 0.5% iodophor cluster, and Shehuang lotion cluster were remarkably lower than that in the 0.1% DBDAB cluster (P < 0.05). The positive rate of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster was remarkably lower than that in the 0.05% iodophor cluster (P < 0.05), whereas the positive rates of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster, 0.5% iodophor cluster, Shehuang lotion cluster, and EOW were remarkably lower than that in the normal saline cluster (P < 0.05). The positive rate of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster and EOW cluster were remarkably lower than those in the sterile water cluster (P < 0.05). The results of the area under the cumulative ranking probability plot (SUCRA) analysis showed that the probability ranking of the preventive effect of different disinfectants was as follows: 0.5% CHG > Shehuang lotion > EOW > 0.5% Iodophor > 2% CHG > 0.1% CHG > 0.05% Iodophor > Sterile Water > 0.1% DBDAB > Saline. Conclusion 0.5% CHG, Shehuang lotion, EOW, and 0.5% iodophor can be used to clean the perineum and urethral meatus in patients with indwelling catheters. Systematic review registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), identifier ChiCTR2100052260.
{"title":"Effect of different disinfectants on preventing asymptomatic bacteriuria and catheter-related urinary tract infection: a network meta-analysis","authors":"Zhi Hong Sun, Xue Wei Ma, Wei Sun, Ying Ji Wei, Yi Zhen Li, Dan Wang, Chang Xi Zhou, Guo Gang Xu, Gui Zhi Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1173885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1173885","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze the effect of different types of disinfectants for perineum and urethral meatus cleaning in preventing catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). Methods Chinese and English databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of different disinfectants for perineum and urethral meatus cleaning to prevent CAUTI, and the positive rates of urine culture with different cleaning methods were contrasted by network meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 RCTs were included in this study to analyze the effect of 10 disinfectants in preventing CAUTI. The disinfectants were 0.1% chlorhexidine (CHG), 0.5% CHG, 2% CHG, 0.1% benzalkonium bromide (DBDAB), 0.05% iodophor, 0.5% iodophor, acidic oxidizing potential water (EOW), normal saline (NS), Shehuang lotion, and sterile water. Meta-analysis showed that the positive rates of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster, EOW cluster, 0.5% iodophor cluster, and Shehuang lotion cluster were remarkably lower than that in the 0.1% DBDAB cluster (P &lt; 0.05). The positive rate of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster was remarkably lower than that in the 0.05% iodophor cluster (P &lt; 0.05), whereas the positive rates of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster, 0.5% iodophor cluster, Shehuang lotion cluster, and EOW were remarkably lower than that in the normal saline cluster (P &lt; 0.05). The positive rate of urine culture in the 0.5% CHG cluster and EOW cluster were remarkably lower than those in the sterile water cluster (P &lt; 0.05). The results of the area under the cumulative ranking probability plot (SUCRA) analysis showed that the probability ranking of the preventive effect of different disinfectants was as follows: 0.5% CHG &gt; Shehuang lotion &gt; EOW &gt; 0.5% Iodophor &gt; 2% CHG &gt; 0.1% CHG &gt; 0.05% Iodophor &gt; Sterile Water &gt; 0.1% DBDAB &gt; Saline. Conclusion 0.5% CHG, Shehuang lotion, EOW, and 0.5% iodophor can be used to clean the perineum and urethral meatus in patients with indwelling catheters. Systematic review registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), identifier ChiCTR2100052260.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135852992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1300741
Ł. Zapała, Aleksander Ślusarczyk
{"title":"Editorial: Recent advances in the treatment of upper urinary tract bladder cancers","authors":"Ł. Zapała, Aleksander Ślusarczyk","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1300741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1300741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1239328
Xianfu Cai, Chenguang Ding, Yang Li, Jin Zheng, Wujun Xue
Objective To utilize bibliometric analysis to examine the literature about immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer published within the past two decades. Through this method, we aim to visualize and analyze the research progress in this field and identify the most recent trends and developments. Methods This research conducted a comprehensive literature review on immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. The time frame spanned from January 2003 to December 2022, and the data were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The application of various software tools, such as CiteSpace, Bibliometrix, and VOSviewer, facilitated the visualization and analysis of the gathered data. These technological utilities illustrated the progression of prominent focus areas within the field. Results After excluding irrelevant studies, 373 papers were selected for this study. The findings suggested that the field of immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer was rapidly developing. The USA was considered to have a significant early entrant advantage in this area and profoundly influenced the field. Similarly, China’s National Cancer center demonstrated notable advantages as a recent participant in this research domain. Major research institutions contributing to the field include the University of California, San Francisco; the University of Washington; and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Research Center. Notably, US authors James L. Gulley, Charles G. Drake, and Lawrence Fong had the largest number of publications in this area. The main research trends for immunotherapy of castration-resistant prostate cancer are membrane antigen expression, checkpoints T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) blockade, radium-223, and vaccines, and the refinement of establishing organoid models might fuel castration-resistant prostate cancer immunotherapy research in the ongoing development. Conclusion The key trends in immunotherapy research for castration-resistant prostate cancer are membrane antigen expression, CTLA4 blockade, radium-223, and vaccines. Exploring new immune pathways and combining different therapeutic approaches to enhance immune response will be a major trend in the field in the future.
目的运用文献计量学分析方法，对近20年来有关去势抵抗性前列腺癌免疫治疗的文献进行分析。通过这种方法，我们旨在可视化和分析该领域的研究进展，并确定最新的趋势和发展。方法对免疫治疗去势抵抗性前列腺癌的相关文献进行综述。时间跨度为2003年1月至2022年12月，数据提取自Web of Science Core Collection数据库。利用CiteSpace、Bibliometrix、VOSviewer等软件工具，对收集到的数据进行可视化分析。这些技术应用说明了该领域内突出的重点领域的进展。结果在剔除不相关研究后，共筛选出373篇论文。研究结果表明，去势抵抗性前列腺癌的免疫治疗领域正在迅速发展。美国被认为在这一领域具有显著的早期进入优势，并对该领域产生了深远的影响。同样，中国国家癌症中心作为这一研究领域的新参与者，也展示了显著的优势。对该领域做出贡献的主要研究机构包括加州大学旧金山分校;华盛顿大学;以及纪念斯隆·凯特琳癌症研究中心值得注意的是，美国作家James L. Gulley, Charles G. Drake和Lawrence Fong在这一领域的出版物数量最多。去势抵抗性前列腺癌免疫治疗的主要研究方向是膜抗原表达、检查点t淋巴细胞相关蛋白4 (CTLA4)阻断、放射-223和疫苗，建立的类器官模型的完善可能会推动正在进行的去势抵抗性前列腺癌免疫治疗研究。结论膜抗原表达、CTLA4阻断、镭-223和疫苗是去势抵抗性前列腺癌免疫治疗研究的关键方向。探索新的免疫途径，结合不同的治疗方法来增强免疫反应将是未来该领域的一个主要趋势。
{"title":"Knowledge mapping of immunotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer: a bibliometric and visualized study (2003–2022)","authors":"Xianfu Cai, Chenguang Ding, Yang Li, Jin Zheng, Wujun Xue","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1239328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1239328","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To utilize bibliometric analysis to examine the literature about immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer published within the past two decades. Through this method, we aim to visualize and analyze the research progress in this field and identify the most recent trends and developments. Methods This research conducted a comprehensive literature review on immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. The time frame spanned from January 2003 to December 2022, and the data were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The application of various software tools, such as CiteSpace, Bibliometrix, and VOSviewer, facilitated the visualization and analysis of the gathered data. These technological utilities illustrated the progression of prominent focus areas within the field. Results After excluding irrelevant studies, 373 papers were selected for this study. The findings suggested that the field of immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer was rapidly developing. The USA was considered to have a significant early entrant advantage in this area and profoundly influenced the field. Similarly, China’s National Cancer center demonstrated notable advantages as a recent participant in this research domain. Major research institutions contributing to the field include the University of California, San Francisco; the University of Washington; and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Research Center. Notably, US authors James L. Gulley, Charles G. Drake, and Lawrence Fong had the largest number of publications in this area. The main research trends for immunotherapy of castration-resistant prostate cancer are membrane antigen expression, checkpoints T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) blockade, radium-223, and vaccines, and the refinement of establishing organoid models might fuel castration-resistant prostate cancer immunotherapy research in the ongoing development. Conclusion The key trends in immunotherapy research for castration-resistant prostate cancer are membrane antigen expression, CTLA4 blockade, radium-223, and vaccines. Exploring new immune pathways and combining different therapeutic approaches to enhance immune response will be a major trend in the field in the future.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1100516
Claudia E. Pronk, Leonore F. Albers, Lothar D. J. Kuijper, Kees Hendricksen, Melianthe P. J. Nicolai
Introduction Little is known about the long-term effects on sexual function (SF) after radical cystectomy (RC) in bladder carcinoma (BC) patients. Aim To assess the course of SF in BC patients who underwent RC, and individual characteristics that influence the sexual outcome during a six-year follow-up. Methods In this longitudinal study, 62 BC patients treated with RC were included between 2008 and 2022. Patients filled out validated questionnaires as part of the regular care at baseline, three months, six months, 12 months and thereafter yearly post RC. Outcome measures To determine the sexual function, the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire was filled in and a linear mixed model for repeated measures was conducted. The analysed clinical variables included sexual preserving cystectomy (SPC), age, type of diversion, treatment, comorbidities, tumour status, smoking habits, patient status and open- or robot-assisted RC. A Generalised Linear Mixed Model was used to evaluate the impact on Quality of Life with the QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Results After an initial decrease of sexual function post-RC, no change in SF was seen during the six years of follow-up. A statistically significant difference in sexual health was found between SPC and standard RC (p=0.015), which was time-dependent. Patients with an orthotopic ileal neobladder experienced a significantly better SF than those with a Bricker’s ileal conduit (p=<0.001). A younger age also seemed to yield beneficial outcomes regarding SF (p=0.004). Other analysed clinical variables did not influence the course of SF. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between Quality of Life- and SF scores (p=0.004). Robot-assisted RC resulted in higher Global Health scores than open RC (p=0.001). Conclusions RC has a severe impact on sexual function. Although SPC, collinear with the use of an orthotopic ileal neobladder and younger patient age show better outcomes in SF, erectile dysfunction post-RC is moderate to severe in the vast majority of patients.
{"title":"Sexual function after radical cystectomy in males with bladder carcinoma: a six-year longitudinal single-centre study","authors":"Claudia E. Pronk, Leonore F. Albers, Lothar D. J. Kuijper, Kees Hendricksen, Melianthe P. J. Nicolai","doi":"10.3389/fruro.2023.1100516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fruro.2023.1100516","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Little is known about the long-term effects on sexual function (SF) after radical cystectomy (RC) in bladder carcinoma (BC) patients. Aim To assess the course of SF in BC patients who underwent RC, and individual characteristics that influence the sexual outcome during a six-year follow-up. Methods In this longitudinal study, 62 BC patients treated with RC were included between 2008 and 2022. Patients filled out validated questionnaires as part of the regular care at baseline, three months, six months, 12 months and thereafter yearly post RC. Outcome measures To determine the sexual function, the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire was filled in and a linear mixed model for repeated measures was conducted. The analysed clinical variables included sexual preserving cystectomy (SPC), age, type of diversion, treatment, comorbidities, tumour status, smoking habits, patient status and open- or robot-assisted RC. A Generalised Linear Mixed Model was used to evaluate the impact on Quality of Life with the QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Results After an initial decrease of sexual function post-RC, no change in SF was seen during the six years of follow-up. A statistically significant difference in sexual health was found between SPC and standard RC (p=0.015), which was time-dependent. Patients with an orthotopic ileal neobladder experienced a significantly better SF than those with a Bricker’s ileal conduit (p=&lt;0.001). A younger age also seemed to yield beneficial outcomes regarding SF (p=0.004). Other analysed clinical variables did not influence the course of SF. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between Quality of Life- and SF scores (p=0.004). Robot-assisted RC resulted in higher Global Health scores than open RC (p=0.001). Conclusions RC has a severe impact on sexual function. Although SPC, collinear with the use of an orthotopic ileal neobladder and younger patient age show better outcomes in SF, erectile dysfunction post-RC is moderate to severe in the vast majority of patients.","PeriodicalId":73113,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in urology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135696607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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