Agustina Gutiérrez, Paula Monzón, Sandra Micheletto, Pablo Marinangeli
The genus Sphaeralcea belongs to the Malvaceae family and has native species from South America. Their attractive morphological characteristics with ornamental value have not yet been explored. The objective of this work was to know the viability of pollen, stigma receptivity, type of pollination and combining ability of four Sphaeralcea species (S. australis, S. bonariensis, S. crispa and S. mendocina), with the aim to develop new ornamental varieties. Fructification, fertility, seed germination and survival seedlings on intraspecific and reciprocal interspecific offspring were assessed. The highest values of stigma receptivity and pollen viability were obtained at 2:00 pm for the four species. S. mendocina also showed high values of pollen viability at 4:00 pm. The species proved to be self-incompatible and allogamous, with different degrees of reproductive compatibility. The interspecific crosses of S. mendocina and the intraspecific of S. crispa did not produce descendants. The crosses between S. australis and S. bonariensis as maternal parent presented the best combining ability with good fruit production, seed germination and survival. This research provides useful information for the formulation and implementation of breeding strategies, to improve pollination efficiency, and to breed new Sphaeralcea varieties with ornamental potential.
Sphaeralcea 属属于锦葵科，原产于南美洲。它们具有观赏价值的诱人形态特征尚未被发掘。这项工作的目的是了解四种 Sphaeralcea（S. australis、S. bonariensis、S. crispa 和 S. mendocina）的花粉活力、柱头接受能力、授粉类型和结合能力，以培育新的观赏品种。对种内和种间互交后代的果实、生育力、种子发芽率和幼苗存活率进行了评估。四个物种的柱头受精率和花粉存活率在下午 2:00 时达到最高值。S. mendocina 在下午 4:00 时的花粉活力值也很高。事实证明，这些物种自交不亲和，异花授粉，具有不同程度的生殖兼容性。S. mendocina 的种间杂交和 S. crispa 的种内杂交均未产生后代。以 S. australis 和 S. bonariensis 为母本的杂交表现出最佳的结合能力，果实产量、种子发芽率和存活率都很高。该研究为制定和实施育种策略、提高授粉效率以及培育具有观赏潜力的芒柄菊新品种提供了有用信息。
{"title":"Reproductive biology of Sphaeralcea species with ornamental interest","authors":"Agustina Gutiérrez, Paula Monzón, Sandra Micheletto, Pablo Marinangeli","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13616","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Sphaeralcea belongs to the Malvaceae family and has native species from South America. Their attractive morphological characteristics with ornamental value have not yet been explored. The objective of this work was to know the viability of pollen, stigma receptivity, type of pollination and combining ability of four Sphaeralcea species (S. australis, S. bonariensis, S. crispa and S. mendocina), with the aim to develop new ornamental varieties. Fructification, fertility, seed germination and survival seedlings on intraspecific and reciprocal interspecific offspring were assessed. The highest values of stigma receptivity and pollen viability were obtained at 2:00 pm for the four species. S. mendocina also showed high values of pollen viability at 4:00 pm. The species proved to be self-incompatible and allogamous, with different degrees of reproductive compatibility. The interspecific crosses of S. mendocina and the intraspecific of S. crispa did not produce descendants. The crosses between S. australis and S. bonariensis as maternal parent presented the best combining ability with good fruit production, seed germination and survival. This research provides useful information for the formulation and implementation of breeding strategies, to improve pollination efficiency, and to breed new Sphaeralcea varieties with ornamental potential.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"77 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. A. Yuri, Miguel Palma, Álvaro Sepúlveda, J. Sánchez-Contreras, M. Moya
Spring frosts are a limiting factor in sweet cherry production in central-southern Chile. Sweet cherry trees cv. ‘Regina’ and ‘Sweetheart’ were studied to evaluate the effect of foliar application of a biostimulant (Retard Cherry®) prior to leaf fall on the bloom delay, fruit set, fruit drop, yield and quality. Data were compared to a non-product control. The study was conducted in the Maule Region, Chile. Results showed that the use of Retard Cherry® delayed full bloom by 6-8 days between cultivars compared to the control; however, there was no delay in the harvest date. The climatic conditions favored high fruit set (37%-49%) and low fruit drop (63%-70%) between cultivars in both treatments. Regarding fruit quality, no differences in size, soluble solids concentration and color were observed with the product, but a decrease in firmness were observed for ‘Regina’. These results show that Retard Cherry® is an effective tool in delaying bloom, providing trees with more favorable climatic conditions for pollination and fruit set.
{"title":"Use of the biostimulant Retard Cherry® as a strategy to delay blooming period in sweet cherry trees","authors":"J. A. Yuri, Miguel Palma, Álvaro Sepúlveda, J. Sánchez-Contreras, M. Moya","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13659","url":null,"abstract":"Spring frosts are a limiting factor in sweet cherry production in central-southern Chile. Sweet cherry trees cv. ‘Regina’ and ‘Sweetheart’ were studied to evaluate the effect of foliar application of a biostimulant (Retard Cherry®) prior to leaf fall on the bloom delay, fruit set, fruit drop, yield and quality. Data were compared to a non-product control. The study was conducted in the Maule Region, Chile. Results showed that the use of Retard Cherry® delayed full bloom by 6-8 days between cultivars compared to the control; however, there was no delay in the harvest date. The climatic conditions favored high fruit set (37%-49%) and low fruit drop (63%-70%) between cultivars in both treatments. Regarding fruit quality, no differences in size, soluble solids concentration and color were observed with the product, but a decrease in firmness were observed for ‘Regina’. These results show that Retard Cherry® is an effective tool in delaying bloom, providing trees with more favorable climatic conditions for pollination and fruit set.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"118 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Soleimani, V. Rabiei, D. Hassani, M. Mozaffari, R. Dastjerdi
The most important trait in tree species, including walnut, is the yield. In this study, the effect of genotype and their interaction with year on Nut weight, Kernel weight, Kernel percentage, Fruit set, Nuts number on Scaffold (Canopy) Cross Area (SCA), Nut weight on SCA and Kernel weight on SCA were evaluated on Caspian, Persia, Alvand, and Chaldoran walnut cultivars. The results showed that the effects of year, genotype, and year × genotype interaction on all traits were significant. The results showed that Alvand had the highest number of nuts (41.8 per m2) and nut weight (472.1 g/m2) on (SCA). Heritability (H2b) for kernel weight and kernel percentage, were estimated 0.75 and 0.80, respectively. The lowest value of H2b (0.36) was belong to fruit set. The analyses of genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits showed that, the nut weight had (rg = 0.31, rp = 0.27) a moderate correlation with SCA same as kernel weight (rg = 0.34, rp = 0.29). The GGE biplot analysis explained most of the existing variations (>90%). The genetic effect (PC1) for all traits were higher respect to the genetic × environment interaction (PC2), especially for the kernel percentage (94.4%) and number and weight of nut and kernel on SCA (>90%). The lowest value of the PC1 was related to the fruit set (65.6%), which indicates the trait was more affected by genetic × environment interactions (21.8%). So, this result showed that the yield-related traits in walnut is highly relevant to environment(year in this study) and evaluation of the new cultivars needs careful attention in this case.
{"title":"Yield related traits in some Persian walnut cultivars: Analysis of genetic and genetic by environment interaction","authors":"A. Soleimani, V. Rabiei, D. Hassani, M. Mozaffari, R. Dastjerdi","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13749","url":null,"abstract":"The most important trait in tree species, including walnut, is the yield. In this study, the effect of genotype and their interaction with year on Nut weight, Kernel weight, Kernel percentage, Fruit set, Nuts number on Scaffold (Canopy) Cross Area (SCA), Nut weight on SCA and Kernel weight on SCA were evaluated on Caspian, Persia, Alvand, and Chaldoran walnut cultivars. The results showed that the effects of year, genotype, and year × genotype interaction on all traits were significant. The results showed that Alvand had the highest number of nuts (41.8 per m2) and nut weight (472.1 g/m2) on (SCA). Heritability (H2b) for kernel weight and kernel percentage, were estimated 0.75 and 0.80, respectively. The lowest value of H2b (0.36) was belong to fruit set. The analyses of genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits showed that, the nut weight had (rg = 0.31, rp = 0.27) a moderate correlation with SCA same as kernel weight (rg = 0.34, rp = 0.29). The GGE biplot analysis explained most of the existing variations (>90%). The genetic effect (PC1) for all traits were higher respect to the genetic × environment interaction (PC2), especially for the kernel percentage (94.4%) and number and weight of nut and kernel on SCA (>90%). The lowest value of the PC1 was related to the fruit set (65.6%), which indicates the trait was more affected by genetic × environment interactions (21.8%). So, this result showed that the yield-related traits in walnut is highly relevant to environment(year in this study) and evaluation of the new cultivars needs careful attention in this case.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"109 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was carried out in fig fields in the village of Kafar-Jales, in the north of Syria. The analyses were conducted in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture at Idlib University during the 2022 farming season, to evaluate the viability and germination of three local varieties of Caprifig (Bunduqi, Azraq, Panjani). The morphological characteristics, the date of the exodus of insects (Blastophaga psenes) from male fruits, the quantity of pollen, and the percentage of germination and viability were studied on four nutritive media at a temperature of 27°C. The measurements were taken after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. These three pollinators were used to pollinate three varieties of edible figs (white Satehi, Safrawi, and Habashi) to study the effect of pollen source on the productive characteristics of edible fig fruits. The result showed significant superiority of the Bunduqi cultivar over the rest of the cultivars in traits of the fruit’s early ripening, pollen quantity, and date of departure of insects. The Azraq cultivar is found to be superior to Bunduqi and Panjani cultivars in the germination rate of pollen at all stages of the experiment and in all used media. The addition of stigma flower extract in culture media increased germination percentage by 35% for all studied Caprifig cultivars. The addition of 10% sucrose in the cultivation environment increased the percentage of pollen germination by 20%. The cultivars that were inoculated with the Panjani pollinator outperformed the characteristics of the length, diameter, and weight, demonstrating that the fruit’s quality characteristics are affected by the genotype of the pollinator used. The results of this research can be beneficial for both fig growers and plant breeders, as they help to select the best pollinators and contribute to the development and improvement of the quality of the cultivated fig fruits.
{"title":"Evaluation of viability and germination of pollen grains of three local caprifig cultivars and their effect on some characteristics of fig fruits (Ficus carica L.)","authors":"Hafsa Barakat, Rida Draie","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-14098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14098","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out in fig fields in the village of Kafar-Jales, in the north of Syria. The analyses were conducted in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture at Idlib University during the 2022 farming season, to evaluate the viability and germination of three local varieties of Caprifig (Bunduqi, Azraq, Panjani). The morphological characteristics, the date of the exodus of insects (Blastophaga psenes) from male fruits, the quantity of pollen, and the percentage of germination and viability were studied on four nutritive media at a temperature of 27°C. The measurements were taken after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. These three pollinators were used to pollinate three varieties of edible figs (white Satehi, Safrawi, and Habashi) to study the effect of pollen source on the productive characteristics of edible fig fruits. The result showed significant superiority of the Bunduqi cultivar over the rest of the cultivars in traits of the fruit’s early ripening, pollen quantity, and date of departure of insects. The Azraq cultivar is found to be superior to Bunduqi and Panjani cultivars in the germination rate of pollen at all stages of the experiment and in all used media. The addition of stigma flower extract in culture media increased germination percentage by 35% for all studied Caprifig cultivars. The addition of 10% sucrose in the cultivation environment increased the percentage of pollen germination by 20%. The cultivars that were inoculated with the Panjani pollinator outperformed the characteristics of the length, diameter, and weight, demonstrating that the fruit’s quality characteristics are affected by the genotype of the pollinator used. The results of this research can be beneficial for both fig growers and plant breeders, as they help to select the best pollinators and contribute to the development and improvement of the quality of the cultivated fig fruits.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"102 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Benjelloun, Sarah Bouzroud, Y. Zaid, A. Guedira, A. Smouni
Cycas revoluta (Sago palm) is one of the widespread ornamental plant, used as an indoor and outdoor plant. Seed propagation is extremely hard and time consuming, given the physical dormancy imposed by hard coat. The use of warm stratification improves seed germination by prompting embryos development. As mean to gain more insight on the beneficial effect of warm treatment on seed germination, histological analysis of warm stratified and untreated embryos was conducted. Our results revealed that warm treatment accelerated embryos development, resulting in a rapid differentiation of embryos’ tissues. α-amylase, GA3 and ABA quantification showed that warm stratified embryos accumulated higher and lower amounts of α-amylase and ABA respectively compared to untreated embryos. Regarding plant development, our results showed that organic manures significantly improved Cycas revoluta growth and development. The best response was recorded with the application of sheep manure. Indeed, sheep manure addition increased plant height, the number of leaves per plant, stip length and width by nearby 188% and 61%, 36% and 17% respectively. In roots, the presence of nodules had been recorded in the three applied treatments and more importantly in the presence of sheep manure. At the physiological level, sheep manure supplementation improved photosynthetic apparatus and nitrogen content in leaves (by 75%), thereby explaining the growth promotion. Taken together, these results underlined the beneficial effect of organic manure on Cycas revoluta growth and development and proposed a new strategy to improve plant growth and development with the use of sheep manure as organic amendment.
苏铁（西米棕榈）是一种广泛种植的观赏植物，可用作室内和室外植物。由于硬皮层的物理休眠作用，种子繁殖非常困难且耗时。采用温暖层积法可以促进胚胎发育，从而提高种子发芽率。为了更深入地了解温育对种子萌发的有利影响，我们对温育和未温育的胚胎进行了组织学分析。α-淀粉酶、GA3 和 ABA 的定量分析表明，与未处理的胚胎相比，温分层胚胎积累的 α-淀粉酶和 ABA 分别较高和较低。在植物发育方面，我们的研究结果表明，有机肥能显著改善苏铁的生长和发育。施用羊粪的效果最好。事实上，添加羊粪后，植株高度、单株叶片数、规定长度和宽度分别增加了 188%、61%、36% 和 17%。在根部，三种施用处理都记录到了结节的存在，更重要的是在有羊粪存在的情况下。在生理层面上，补充羊粪改善了叶片中的光合装置和氮含量（75%），从而解释了促进生长的原因。综上所述，这些结果凸显了有机肥对苏铁生长和发育的有利影响，并提出了一种利用羊粪作为有机肥改善植物生长和发育的新策略。
{"title":"Warm stratification combined with organic manure application enhances seed germination and improves Cycas revoluta growth and development","authors":"J. Benjelloun, Sarah Bouzroud, Y. Zaid, A. Guedira, A. Smouni","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-14544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14544","url":null,"abstract":"Cycas revoluta (Sago palm) is one of the widespread ornamental plant, used as an indoor and outdoor plant. Seed propagation is extremely hard and time consuming, given the physical dormancy imposed by hard coat. The use of warm stratification improves seed germination by prompting embryos development. As mean to gain more insight on the beneficial effect of warm treatment on seed germination, histological analysis of warm stratified and untreated embryos was conducted. Our results revealed that warm treatment accelerated embryos development, resulting in a rapid differentiation of embryos’ tissues. α-amylase, GA3 and ABA quantification showed that warm stratified embryos accumulated higher and lower amounts of α-amylase and ABA respectively compared to untreated embryos. Regarding plant development, our results showed that organic manures significantly improved Cycas revoluta growth and development. The best response was recorded with the application of sheep manure. Indeed, sheep manure addition increased plant height, the number of leaves per plant, stip length and width by nearby 188% and 61%, 36% and 17% respectively. In roots, the presence of nodules had been recorded in the three applied treatments and more importantly in the presence of sheep manure. At the physiological level, sheep manure supplementation improved photosynthetic apparatus and nitrogen content in leaves (by 75%), thereby explaining the growth promotion. Taken together, these results underlined the beneficial effect of organic manure on Cycas revoluta growth and development and proposed a new strategy to improve plant growth and development with the use of sheep manure as organic amendment.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140504490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vicente Pataraico Junior, Flávio Fernandes Junior, Marcio Roggia Zanuzo, Rene Arnoux Da Silva Campos, Franciely da Silva Ponce, Silvia De Carvalho Campos Botelho, Ivone Vieira da Silva, D. T. Antunes, Maria Shirlyane Pereira do Nascimento, Santino Seabra Júnior
This study evaluated the yield performance of the tomato hybrids 'DS0060', 'Thaise' and 'Trucker' in the open field and environments protected by agricultural film (F) and polycarbonate panels (P) during the Amazonian summer. In the protected environment, the crops produced significantly higher yields than in the open field. 'Thaise' has high thermotolerance and is adaptable to a wide temperature range, making it the best-performing hybrid in environment F. Highest yields were found for 'Thaise' in environment F or P (86.2 and 92.5 t ha-1) together with 'DS0060' and 'Trucker' in environment F (75.3 and 88.2 t ha-1), demonstrating the high yield potential in the interim growing season (January to April). In the open field, the fruit color was paler, fruit flesh firmer and ripening index lower. In environment F, the fruits contained highest levels of soluble solids, lycopene and β-carotene. 'Thaise' contained higher concentrations of these two compounds. Under environment P, the yield of the evaluated tomato hybrids increased considerably, indicating it as a promising possibility for tomato cultivation in tropical regions. 'Thaíse' stood out with high yield and good quality traits, when grown in an F or P environment. These results prove the viability of tomato production as interim crop in tropical regions, under high rainfall and heat, as well as the difference protected environments make for tomato cultivation, in particular the choice of the most suitable cover material for the crop, to ensure high yields coupled with desirable quality properties.
这项研究评估了番茄杂交种 "DS0060"、"Thaise "和 "Trucker "在亚马逊夏季露地以及农用薄膜（F）和聚碳酸酯板（P）保护环境中的产量表现。在受保护的环境中，作物的产量明显高于露地。在 F 或 P 环境中，'Thaise'的产量最高（86.2 吨/公顷-1 和 92.5 吨/公顷-1），在 F 环境中，'DS0060'和'Trucker'的产量也最高（75.3 吨/公顷-1 和 88.2 吨/公顷-1），这表明在中期生长季节（1 月至 4 月），'Thaise'具有很高的产量潜力。在露地，果实颜色较浅，果肉较硬，成熟指数较低。在 F 环境中，果实的可溶性固形物、番茄红素和 β-胡萝卜素含量最高。Thaise "含有更高浓度的这两种化合物。在 P 环境下，所评价的番茄杂交种的产量显著增加，这表明在热带地区种植番茄很有前景。在 F 或 P 环境下，'Thaíse'产量高、品质好。这些结果证明了番茄作为热带地区的临时作物，在高降雨量和高温条件下生产的可行性，以及保护性环境对番茄栽培的影响，特别是为作物选择最合适的覆盖材料，以确保高产和理想的品质特性。
{"title":"Yield performance and nutritional quality of tomato hybrids in response to protected environments during the Amazonian summer","authors":"Vicente Pataraico Junior, Flávio Fernandes Junior, Marcio Roggia Zanuzo, Rene Arnoux Da Silva Campos, Franciely da Silva Ponce, Silvia De Carvalho Campos Botelho, Ivone Vieira da Silva, D. T. Antunes, Maria Shirlyane Pereira do Nascimento, Santino Seabra Júnior","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13558","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the yield performance of the tomato hybrids 'DS0060', 'Thaise' and 'Trucker' in the open field and environments protected by agricultural film (F) and polycarbonate panels (P) during the Amazonian summer. In the protected environment, the crops produced significantly higher yields than in the open field. 'Thaise' has high thermotolerance and is adaptable to a wide temperature range, making it the best-performing hybrid in environment F. Highest yields were found for 'Thaise' in environment F or P (86.2 and 92.5 t ha-1) together with 'DS0060' and 'Trucker' in environment F (75.3 and 88.2 t ha-1), demonstrating the high yield potential in the interim growing season (January to April). In the open field, the fruit color was paler, fruit flesh firmer and ripening index lower. In environment F, the fruits contained highest levels of soluble solids, lycopene and β-carotene. 'Thaise' contained higher concentrations of these two compounds. Under environment P, the yield of the evaluated tomato hybrids increased considerably, indicating it as a promising possibility for tomato cultivation in tropical regions. 'Thaíse' stood out with high yield and good quality traits, when grown in an F or P environment. These results prove the viability of tomato production as interim crop in tropical regions, under high rainfall and heat, as well as the difference protected environments make for tomato cultivation, in particular the choice of the most suitable cover material for the crop, to ensure high yields coupled with desirable quality properties.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140504079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) has a short shelf life at ambient conditions and is a highly perishable crop. Extreme post-harvest losses occur as a result of the wrong packaging materials. However, by employing the right packing materials, tomato varietals can have longer shelf lives. Globally rising fresh tomato demand has forced the development of essential mechanisms, including packaging materials, to improve shelf life. The current study was initiated to evaluate the quality and shelf-life of tomato varieties in response to packaging materials at Mersa, North Wollo, Ethiopia, during 2021 cropping season. Three replications of a completely randomized design were used to test three tomato varieties (Roma VF, Oval red and Woyno) and seven packing materials [closed carton (CC), open carton (OC), closed wooden box (CWB), open wooden box (OWB), perforated polyethylene bag (PPB), non-perforated polyethylene bag (NPPB) and control (C)] at room temperature (20-22°C). According to the findings, there is a significant (P<0.05) interaction effect between packaging materials and varieties on a number of parameters, including physiological weight loss, decay percentage, disease incidence, total soluble solids (TSS), tomato fruit PH, juice color score, overall acceptability, marketability percentage, and shelf life. Non-perforated polyethylene plastic experienced the highest physiological weight losses of 79.88% and 79.63% after 18 days of storage. Roma VF variety showed the greatest weight loss. In addition, PPB showed the lowest decay percentage (20%) and maximum marketability (20%) during the 18th day of storage. At the end of storage, NPPB with Roma VF and Woyno varieties had a substantially (100%) larger decay loss of tomato fruits. NPPB has been linked to the highest disease incidence (20%). Roma VF and Oval red recorded the highest pH tomato fruit’s color and overall acceptability score on PPB. It can, thus, be concluded that packaging of tomato fruits in PPB can extend shelf-life with better-quality of the produce. However, to develop plausible recommendation, the study should be repeated in multi-location with more packaging methods and varieties over seasons.
{"title":"Shelf-life and post-harvest quality of tomato (Lycopesicon esculentum Mill.) varieties to different packaging materials at Mersa, North Wollo, Ethiopia","authors":"S. Muhie, S. Worku, B. Masrie","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-14410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14410","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) has a short shelf life at ambient conditions and is a highly perishable crop. Extreme post-harvest losses occur as a result of the wrong packaging materials. However, by employing the right packing materials, tomato varietals can have longer shelf lives. Globally rising fresh tomato demand has forced the development of essential mechanisms, including packaging materials, to improve shelf life. The current study was initiated to evaluate the quality and shelf-life of tomato varieties in response to packaging materials at Mersa, North Wollo, Ethiopia, during 2021 cropping season. Three replications of a completely randomized design were used to test three tomato varieties (Roma VF, Oval red and Woyno) and seven packing materials [closed carton (CC), open carton (OC), closed wooden box (CWB), open wooden box (OWB), perforated polyethylene bag (PPB), non-perforated polyethylene bag (NPPB) and control (C)] at room temperature (20-22°C). According to the findings, there is a significant (P<0.05) interaction effect between packaging materials and varieties on a number of parameters, including physiological weight loss, decay percentage, disease incidence, total soluble solids (TSS), tomato fruit PH, juice color score, overall acceptability, marketability percentage, and shelf life. Non-perforated polyethylene plastic experienced the highest physiological weight losses of 79.88% and 79.63% after 18 days of storage. Roma VF variety showed the greatest weight loss. In addition, PPB showed the lowest decay percentage (20%) and maximum marketability (20%) during the 18th day of storage. At the end of storage, NPPB with Roma VF and Woyno varieties had a substantially (100%) larger decay loss of tomato fruits. NPPB has been linked to the highest disease incidence (20%). Roma VF and Oval red recorded the highest pH tomato fruit’s color and overall acceptability score on PPB. It can, thus, be concluded that packaging of tomato fruits in PPB can extend shelf-life with better-quality of the produce. However, to develop plausible recommendation, the study should be repeated in multi-location with more packaging methods and varieties over seasons.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Oraee, A. Tehranifar, Zahra Ghorbani, Pegah Sayad-Amin
Ornamental plants can usually encounter various types of environmental stress, which reduce plant productivity. A proper application of fertilizers can improve plantsʼ tolerance to drought stress. Nutrients such as potassium and silicon are known to have beneficial effects. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Bellis perennis under drought stress (80, 70, and 60% FC) and with the application of potassium silicate (0, 2, and 4 mM). The results showed that potassium silicate (2 and 4 mM) increased K and Si accumulation in plants under drought stress. Plants treated with potassium silicate under drought stress exhibited a lower degree of electrolyte leakage and less MDA accumulation in the following order: 2 and 4 mM potassium silicate. An increase in relative water content and chlorophyll was observed with application of potassium silicate under drought stress. Regardless of potassium silicate, the plant enzymatic defense system was significantly improved compared to non-stressed plants. Potassium silicate enhanced the amount of osmotic regulators (carbohydrate and proline) and secondary metabolites (flavonoids and phenols) compared to control plants regardless of drought stress. The anthocyanin content in the flowers significantly decreased by 32.2% when the plants were treated with 4 mM potassium silicate at 60% FC, compared to 80% FC. In conclusion, potassium silicate mitigated the effects of drought stress, enhanced plant tolerance to drought stress, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and improved the amounts of osmotic regulators and secondary metabolites.
观赏植物通常会遇到各种环境压力，从而降低植物的产量。适当施肥可提高植物对干旱胁迫的耐受力。众所周知，钾和硅等营养元素具有有益的作用。本研究旨在评估在干旱胁迫（80%、70% 和 60% FC）和施用硅酸钾（0、2 和 4 毫摩尔）条件下铃兰的生长情况。结果表明，在干旱胁迫下，硅酸钾（2 毫摩尔和 4 毫摩尔）增加了植物体内钾和硅的积累。在干旱胁迫下，使用硅酸钾处理的植物电解质渗漏程度较低，MDA积累也较少，依次为2毫摩尔和4毫摩尔硅酸钾。在干旱胁迫下施用硅酸钾后，相对含水量和叶绿素都有所增加。与未受胁迫的植物相比，无论施用哪种硅酸钾，植物酶防御系统都有明显改善。与对照植物相比，无论干旱胁迫与否，硅酸钾都能提高渗透调节剂（碳水化合物和脯氨酸）和次生代谢物（类黄酮和酚类）的含量。与 80% FC 相比，在 60% FC 条件下用 4 mM 硅酸钾处理植株时，花朵中的花青素含量显著减少了 32.2%。总之，硅酸钾能减轻干旱胁迫的影响，增强植物对干旱胁迫的耐受性，提高抗氧化酶的活性，改善渗透调节剂和次生代谢物的含量。
{"title":"Potassium silicate enhances drought tolerance of Bellis perennis by improving antioxidant activity and osmotic regulators","authors":"A. Oraee, A. Tehranifar, Zahra Ghorbani, Pegah Sayad-Amin","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-14732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14732","url":null,"abstract":"Ornamental plants can usually encounter various types of environmental stress, which reduce plant productivity. A proper application of fertilizers can improve plantsʼ tolerance to drought stress. Nutrients such as potassium and silicon are known to have beneficial effects. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Bellis perennis under drought stress (80, 70, and 60% FC) and with the application of potassium silicate (0, 2, and 4 mM). The results showed that potassium silicate (2 and 4 mM) increased K and Si accumulation in plants under drought stress. Plants treated with potassium silicate under drought stress exhibited a lower degree of electrolyte leakage and less MDA accumulation in the following order: 2 and 4 mM potassium silicate. An increase in relative water content and chlorophyll was observed with application of potassium silicate under drought stress. Regardless of potassium silicate, the plant enzymatic defense system was significantly improved compared to non-stressed plants. Potassium silicate enhanced the amount of osmotic regulators (carbohydrate and proline) and secondary metabolites (flavonoids and phenols) compared to control plants regardless of drought stress. The anthocyanin content in the flowers significantly decreased by 32.2% when the plants were treated with 4 mM potassium silicate at 60% FC, compared to 80% FC. In conclusion, potassium silicate mitigated the effects of drought stress, enhanced plant tolerance to drought stress, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and improved the amounts of osmotic regulators and secondary metabolites.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"60 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140503529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dalleh, J. Borjac, G. Younes, E. Choueiri, A. Chehade, A. Elbitar
One of the factors that causes low productivity of potatoes in Lebanon is the limited availability of certified seeds. The aim of this study was to establish a rapid protocol for in vitro propagation and microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) of Spunta variety. Meristems culture associated to thermotherapy (one month/37°C) constituted the first step. The highest percentage of reactive meristem (92%) was observed on MS medium devoid of growth regulators while MS medium containing Kin 0.4 mg.l-1, GA3 0.5 mg.l-1 and IBA 0.5 mg.l-1 yielded the highest average number of shootlets (7.8) in the seventh subculture. The lowest number of days obtained for microtuber formation was 10 and the highest average number of microtuber (1.49) was obtained with shootlets incubated under C2 culture conditions (16-h day/8-h night for initial 7 days at 25±2°C; for remaining period: continuous dark at 17±2°C). Contrary the highest microtubers average length (10.75 mm), average width (7.41 mm) and average weight (646.26 mg) were produced under C1 culture conditions (16-h day/8-h night at 25±2°C). Medium supplemented with 5 mg.l-1 BAP and 6% sucrose presented the highest average number of microtubers of 2.36 and 1.94 respectively. Type and concentration of cytokines and sucrose concentration did not have significant effect on the average length, width and weight of microtubers produced.
{"title":"In vitro propagation and microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Spunta variety in Lebanon","authors":"M. Dalleh, J. Borjac, G. Younes, E. Choueiri, A. Chehade, A. Elbitar","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13895","url":null,"abstract":"One of the factors that causes low productivity of potatoes in Lebanon is the limited availability of certified seeds. The aim of this study was to establish a rapid protocol for in vitro propagation and microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) of Spunta variety. Meristems culture associated to thermotherapy (one month/37°C) constituted the first step. The highest percentage of reactive meristem (92%) was observed on MS medium devoid of growth regulators while MS medium containing Kin 0.4 mg.l-1, GA3 0.5 mg.l-1 and IBA 0.5 mg.l-1 yielded the highest average number of shootlets (7.8) in the seventh subculture. The lowest number of days obtained for microtuber formation was 10 and the highest average number of microtuber (1.49) was obtained with shootlets incubated under C2 culture conditions (16-h day/8-h night for initial 7 days at 25±2°C; for remaining period: continuous dark at 17±2°C). Contrary the highest microtubers average length (10.75 mm), average width (7.41 mm) and average weight (646.26 mg) were produced under C1 culture conditions (16-h day/8-h night at 25±2°C). Medium supplemented with 5 mg.l-1 BAP and 6% sucrose presented the highest average number of microtubers of 2.36 and 1.94 respectively. Type and concentration of cytokines and sucrose concentration did not have significant effect on the average length, width and weight of microtubers produced.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"791 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Cecilia Silveira Gómez, Luis Rivera Marchant, Victor Hugo Escalona Contreras
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) has a nutritional contribution comparable to other vegetables. It is produced in soil and hydroponics systems, outdoors or indoors, and in some cases, with the management of radiation. UV-B radiation exposure can influence the functional quality of vegetables and is becoming more frequent. Cultivars Kristine RZ and Versaï RZ were exposed to four radiation doses: UV-B0 (0 μW·cm-2), UV-B16 (16 μW·cm-2), UV -B33 (33 μW·cm-2) and UV-B58 (58 μW·cm-2), during 30 min for 10 days. Lettuce leaves were harvested twice. The leaf area of 'Versaï RZ' was not affected by radiation in the first harvest, while the high doses (33 and 58 µW·cm-2) reduced the leaf area of 'Kristine RZ' between 15-30 %, respectively. The radiation did not significantly impact the percentage of dry matter and the color parameters. However, functional compounds were affected. In general, the cv. Kristine RZ responded positively to the dose of 16 µW·cm-2 while 'Versaï RZ' to 58 µW·cm-2. An increase in the content of functional compounds was also observed in 'Versaï RZ' in the second harvest, and a reduction in the levels measured in 'Kristine RZ' indicated a different adaptation to UV-B radiation that must be studied individually.
{"title":"Response of hydroponic baby lettuce to UV-B radiation exposure during the growing period","authors":"Ana Cecilia Silveira Gómez, Luis Rivera Marchant, Victor Hugo Escalona Contreras","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13849","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) has a nutritional contribution comparable to other vegetables. It is produced in soil and hydroponics systems, outdoors or indoors, and in some cases, with the management of radiation. UV-B radiation exposure can influence the functional quality of vegetables and is becoming more frequent. Cultivars Kristine RZ and Versaï RZ were exposed to four radiation doses: UV-B0 (0 μW·cm-2), UV-B16 (16 μW·cm-2), UV -B33 (33 μW·cm-2) and UV-B58 (58 μW·cm-2), during 30 min for 10 days. Lettuce leaves were harvested twice. The leaf area of 'Versaï RZ' was not affected by radiation in the first harvest, while the high doses (33 and 58 µW·cm-2) reduced the leaf area of 'Kristine RZ' between 15-30 %, respectively. The radiation did not significantly impact the percentage of dry matter and the color parameters. However, functional compounds were affected. In general, the cv. Kristine RZ responded positively to the dose of 16 µW·cm-2 while 'Versaï RZ' to 58 µW·cm-2. An increase in the content of functional compounds was also observed in 'Versaï RZ' in the second harvest, and a reduction in the levels measured in 'Kristine RZ' indicated a different adaptation to UV-B radiation that must be studied individually.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":"144 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：