Counter-season supply of horticultural products is of increasing demand. Consumers are demanding annual supply of raspberries, which has historically been challenging due to their seasonal summer supply and characteristically high metabolism resulting in a short shelf life and limited period of availability. However, the development of freezing technologies for increasing the length of storage of raspberries offers an opportunity for continual supply of premium quality raspberries. We investigated berry quality after freezing whole fresh raspberries, comparing conventional freezing methods with a modern cryogenic freezing method over a period of six months. Significant increases in total soluble solids, titratable acidity, hue and chroma were found when raspberries were frozen compared to fresh raspberries. No overall difference in berry quality was observed between freezing methods for any parameter assessed. When assessed at time intervals, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, chroma and hue were consistent between freezing methods for all durations of time frozen. These findings provide decision support for producers and distributors pursuing a novel counter season supply chain.
{"title":"An analysis on the impacts of cryogenic freezing on raspberry quality","authors":"Oliver Gales, Joanna E. Jones, N. Swarts","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13824","url":null,"abstract":"Counter-season supply of horticultural products is of increasing demand. Consumers are demanding annual supply of raspberries, which has historically been challenging due to their seasonal summer supply and characteristically high metabolism resulting in a short shelf life and limited period of availability. However, the development of freezing technologies for increasing the length of storage of raspberries offers an opportunity for continual supply of premium quality raspberries. We investigated berry quality after freezing whole fresh raspberries, comparing conventional freezing methods with a modern cryogenic freezing method over a period of six months. Significant increases in total soluble solids, titratable acidity, hue and chroma were found when raspberries were frozen compared to fresh raspberries. No overall difference in berry quality was observed between freezing methods for any parameter assessed. When assessed at time intervals, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, chroma and hue were consistent between freezing methods for all durations of time frozen. These findings provide decision support for producers and distributors pursuing a novel counter season supply chain.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48876666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioana-Claudia Moroșan, L. Ivănescu, M. Mihăşan, S. Olaru, M. Zamfirache
Colchicum autumnale L. is a perennial herb from the Colchicaceae family with an unusual life cycle, and it is characterized by an underground corm and hypogynous flowers that appear in autumn; its medicinal importance is represented by its primary alkaloid, colchicine, which has been studied for its anti-inflammatory and antimitotic properties and used in the treatment of some diseases and artificial polyploidy induction in plants. This study aims to determine and evaluate the biological effects induced by treatment with C. autumnale extracts on tissue development in test plants, represented by two Ocimum basilicum L. varieties: ‘Italiano Classico’ and ‘Aromat de Buzău’. Morpho-anatomical observations and some biochemical and physiological analyses were employed. Results show unusual shapes of leaves, differences in stomata size and density, and heteromorphic cells in leaves and epicotyl’s structure in both studied varieties of treated basil test plants.
秋菊是菊苣科的一种多年生草本植物，具有不同寻常的生命周期，其特征是地下球茎和秋季出现的下位花；其药用价值体现在其主要生物碱秋水仙碱上，秋水仙碱因其抗炎和抗有丝分裂特性而被研究，并用于治疗某些疾病和人工诱导植物多倍体。本研究旨在确定和评估秋季C.autunale提取物处理对试验植物组织发育的生物效应，以两个罗勒品种为代表：“Italiano Classico”和“Aromat de Buzău”。采用形态解剖学观察和一些生化和生理学分析。结果显示，在两个研究的处理过的罗勒试验植物品种中，叶片形状不寻常，气孔大小和密度不同，叶片和上胚轴结构中的细胞异形。
{"title":"Biological effects of some Colchicum autumnale L. extracts on tissue development of two varieties of Ocimum basilicum L.","authors":"Ioana-Claudia Moroșan, L. Ivănescu, M. Mihăşan, S. Olaru, M. Zamfirache","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12981","url":null,"abstract":"Colchicum autumnale L. is a perennial herb from the Colchicaceae family with an unusual life cycle, and it is characterized by an underground corm and hypogynous flowers that appear in autumn; its medicinal importance is represented by its primary alkaloid, colchicine, which has been studied for its anti-inflammatory and antimitotic properties and used in the treatment of some diseases and artificial polyploidy induction in plants. This study aims to determine and evaluate the biological effects induced by treatment with C. autumnale extracts on tissue development in test plants, represented by two Ocimum basilicum L. varieties: ‘Italiano Classico’ and ‘Aromat de Buzău’. Morpho-anatomical observations and some biochemical and physiological analyses were employed. Results show unusual shapes of leaves, differences in stomata size and density, and heteromorphic cells in leaves and epicotyl’s structure in both studied varieties of treated basil test plants.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42192170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aimed to study the effect of humic acid and NPK fertilizer (15:15:15) on growth and yield of red chili, and to obtain the most suitable composition of humic acid and NPK fertilizer which gave the best growth and yield. The study used a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments tested were the composition of humic acid and NPK fertilizer: 100% humic acid; 75% humic acid + 25% NPK; 50% humic acid + 50% NPK; 25% humic acid + 75% NPK; and 100% NPK. Data on plant growth and yield were processed by Analysis of Variance, and means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test. In addition, data on plant biochemical and soil chemical parameters were determined compositely by mixing leaves taken from sample plants or soil samples into one homogenous sample. Results showed that there was no significant difference in growth and yield of plants treated with 100% humic acid in comparison with those plants treated with 100% NPK. However, in comparison with 100% humic acid, the application of different ratios of humic acid/NPK increased plant chlorophyll contents by 65% - 82% and total sugar by 28% - 71%. The application of humic acid/NPK increased soil fertility by improving soil pH as well as N, P and K. In the combination of humic acid/NPK, the best growth and yield were obtained with the application of 25% humic acid + 75% NPK fertilizers. Therefore, for the sustainability of chili cultivation, the use of humic acid needs to be accompanied with NPK fertilizers at a reduced amount, along with the increase in the dose of humic acid.
{"title":"Combining humic acid with NPK fertilizer improved growth and yield of chili pepper in dry season","authors":"B. Ichwan, E. Eliyanti, I. Irianto, Z. Zulkarnain","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12816","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to study the effect of humic acid and NPK fertilizer (15:15:15) on growth and yield of red chili, and to obtain the most suitable composition of humic acid and NPK fertilizer which gave the best growth and yield. The study used a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments tested were the composition of humic acid and NPK fertilizer: 100% humic acid; 75% humic acid + 25% NPK; 50% humic acid + 50% NPK; 25% humic acid + 75% NPK; and 100% NPK. Data on plant growth and yield were processed by Analysis of Variance, and means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test. In addition, data on plant biochemical and soil chemical parameters were determined compositely by mixing leaves taken from sample plants or soil samples into one homogenous sample. Results showed that there was no significant difference in growth and yield of plants treated with 100% humic acid in comparison with those plants treated with 100% NPK. However, in comparison with 100% humic acid, the application of different ratios of humic acid/NPK increased plant chlorophyll contents by 65% - 82% and total sugar by 28% - 71%. The application of humic acid/NPK increased soil fertility by improving soil pH as well as N, P and K. In the combination of humic acid/NPK, the best growth and yield were obtained with the application of 25% humic acid + 75% NPK fertilizers. Therefore, for the sustainability of chili cultivation, the use of humic acid needs to be accompanied with NPK fertilizers at a reduced amount, along with the increase in the dose of humic acid.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49194669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Chiomento, D. Filippi, Gustavo Mulinari Krasnievicz, João Eduardo Carniel De Paula, Michele Fornari, T. S. Trentin
The lack of information on the horticultural performance of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is one of the factors that limits the expansion of the crop. Still, aiming to establish a sustainable management for this culture, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be adopted. Therefore, the objective of the research was to investigate whether goldenberry plants in the absence and presence of inoculation with AMF differ in terms of horticultural performance. The four treatments studied were the absence (control) and the presence of three inoculants based on AMF (mycorrhizal community, Glomus intraradices and Rhizophagus clarus), arranged in a randomized block design, with five replications. Goldenberry plants produced in substrate enriched with AMF had a more voluminous root system and a greater amount of fine roots. Additionally, the fruits were sweeter and more flavorful when produced by plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal community and with R. clarus. It is concluded that mycorrhization has no effect on fruit production. However, goldenberry plants submitted to mycorrhizal biotechnology enhance the chemical quality of fruits and present a more profuse root system. G. intraradices is most effective in colonizing the roots of the plant host.
{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi potentiate the root system and the quality of goldenberry fruits","authors":"J. Chiomento, D. Filippi, Gustavo Mulinari Krasnievicz, João Eduardo Carniel De Paula, Michele Fornari, T. S. Trentin","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13352","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of information on the horticultural performance of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is one of the factors that limits the expansion of the crop. Still, aiming to establish a sustainable management for this culture, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be adopted. Therefore, the objective of the research was to investigate whether goldenberry plants in the absence and presence of inoculation with AMF differ in terms of horticultural performance. The four treatments studied were the absence (control) and the presence of three inoculants based on AMF (mycorrhizal community, Glomus intraradices and Rhizophagus clarus), arranged in a randomized block design, with five replications. Goldenberry plants produced in substrate enriched with AMF had a more voluminous root system and a greater amount of fine roots. Additionally, the fruits were sweeter and more flavorful when produced by plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal community and with R. clarus. It is concluded that mycorrhization has no effect on fruit production. However, goldenberry plants submitted to mycorrhizal biotechnology enhance the chemical quality of fruits and present a more profuse root system. G. intraradices is most effective in colonizing the roots of the plant host.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44351796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomato fruit is highly perishable because of the characteristic high rate of ethylene production and respiration during ripening. Delayed ripening could be achieved through the use of ripening remediation agents (RRa) that either absorb or block ethylene binding to the fruit receptor. The effects of ripening remediation agents on shelf life and biochemical quality attributes were evaluated on tomato fruits harvested at three maturity stages (breaker, turning and full-ripe). In 2018 and 2019, harvested fruits were stored under seven ripening remediation treatments: 0.1 µL/L 1-MCP, 0.3 µL/L 1-MCP, 0.5 µL/L 1-MCP, 5% KMnO4, 10% KMnO4, 10 g of Zeolite and 20 g of Zeolite and an open shelf condition as the control. At the end of the storage period, fruits were assessed for shelf life as well as total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acids (TA), ascorbic acid, and lycopene contents. There was significant (p≤0.05/0.01) influence of ripening remediation treatments on fruits for all the measured parameters. Fruits stored with RRAs consistently out-performed those stored in the open shelf. RRAs 0.3 µL/L1-MCP, 0.5 µL/L1-MCP and 5% KMnO4 solution media had longer shelf life and higher values of total soluble solids, titratable acidity, lycopene and ascorbic acid contents. The use of 1-MCP and 5% KMnO4 is recommended as effective scavenger of ethylene for extending the shelf-life and maintaining some quality attributes of stored tomato fruits.
{"title":"Effect of harvest maturity stage and ripening remediation agents on the shelf life and biochemical quality attributes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) fruits","authors":"A. Oduntan, O. Oyetunde, B. Shobo, G. Bodunde","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12934","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato fruit is highly perishable because of the characteristic high rate of ethylene production and respiration during ripening. Delayed ripening could be achieved through the use of ripening remediation agents (RRa) that either absorb or block ethylene binding to the fruit receptor. The effects of ripening remediation agents on shelf life and biochemical quality attributes were evaluated on tomato fruits harvested at three maturity stages (breaker, turning and full-ripe). In 2018 and 2019, harvested fruits were stored under seven ripening remediation treatments: 0.1 µL/L 1-MCP, 0.3 µL/L 1-MCP, 0.5 µL/L 1-MCP, 5% KMnO4, 10% KMnO4, 10 g of Zeolite and 20 g of Zeolite and an open shelf condition as the control. At the end of the storage period, fruits were assessed for shelf life as well as total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acids (TA), ascorbic acid, and lycopene contents. There was significant (p≤0.05/0.01) influence of ripening remediation treatments on fruits for all the measured parameters. Fruits stored with RRAs consistently out-performed those stored in the open shelf. RRAs 0.3 µL/L1-MCP, 0.5 µL/L1-MCP and 5% KMnO4 solution media had longer shelf life and higher values of total soluble solids, titratable acidity, lycopene and ascorbic acid contents. The use of 1-MCP and 5% KMnO4 is recommended as effective scavenger of ethylene for extending the shelf-life and maintaining some quality attributes of stored tomato fruits.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46054502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Chehade, L. Chalak, J. Merheb, A. Elbitar, Elie Rmeily, Nagham Madi, Mark Massaad
Safeguarding grapevine biodiversity is one of the main concerns in viticulture today. Management of ex situ collections requires a comprehensive characterization of the conserved germplasm to provide basic material for selection and breeding programs. In this study, the local grapevine germplasm conserved at the national collection of the Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute and composed of 43 accessions was submitted to a genetic and ampelographic study. Nine ISSR primers, previously developed in grapevine, were used in this study. These primers generated a total of 51 bands, of which 77.7% were polymorphic allowing the differentiation of 41 genetic profiles vs. one case of synonymy that was recorded among three accessions. Ampelographic characterization was conducted using a set of 33 descriptors established by the International Office of Vine and Wine and related to leaf, bunch, and berry. Principal component analysis identified 12 descriptors i.e. veraison date, maturity date, berry length, upper and lower vein pigmentation, bunch density, bunch weight, sugar content at harvesting, flesh of juiciness, berry weight, flesh firmness, and color skin, as being the most discriminating descriptors. The correlation between the ISSR clustering and the ampelographic one was not significant (r=0.26) because of the divergence of accessions groups, except for the three accessions synonymy case which was confirmed in both dendrograms. Finally, this comprehensive evaluation of the existing local gene pool of grapevine revealed a substantial diversity. It would further allow the promotion of the valuable accessions directly through multiplication schemes, and their sustainable utilization in genetic improvement programs.
{"title":"Genetic and ampelographic characterization of grapevine accessions maintained in the Lebanese national collection","authors":"A. Chehade, L. Chalak, J. Merheb, A. Elbitar, Elie Rmeily, Nagham Madi, Mark Massaad","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-13045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-13045","url":null,"abstract":"Safeguarding grapevine biodiversity is one of the main concerns in viticulture today. Management of ex situ collections requires a comprehensive characterization of the conserved germplasm to provide basic material for selection and breeding programs. In this study, the local grapevine germplasm conserved at the national collection of the Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute and composed of 43 accessions was submitted to a genetic and ampelographic study. Nine ISSR primers, previously developed in grapevine, were used in this study. These primers generated a total of 51 bands, of which 77.7% were polymorphic allowing the differentiation of 41 genetic profiles vs. one case of synonymy that was recorded among three accessions. Ampelographic characterization was conducted using a set of 33 descriptors established by the International Office of Vine and Wine and related to leaf, bunch, and berry. Principal component analysis identified 12 descriptors i.e. veraison date, maturity date, berry length, upper and lower vein pigmentation, bunch density, bunch weight, sugar content at harvesting, flesh of juiciness, berry weight, flesh firmness, and color skin, as being the most discriminating descriptors. The correlation between the ISSR clustering and the ampelographic one was not significant (r=0.26) because of the divergence of accessions groups, except for the three accessions synonymy case which was confirmed in both dendrograms. Finally, this comprehensive evaluation of the existing local gene pool of grapevine revealed a substantial diversity. It would further allow the promotion of the valuable accessions directly through multiplication schemes, and their sustainable utilization in genetic improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45950989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pietros André Balbino dos Santos, L. G. de Carvalho, F. Schwerz, Victor Buono da Silva Batista, Cassio Augusto Ussi Monti
There is a lack of information on the production of irrigated radish associated with the use of mulching and on the economic viability of these production technologies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, yield, and economic viability of the radish crop under different soil water tensions (SWT) and mulching types. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. During the experiment, the following variables were evaluates: growth parameters, yield and economic viability. SWT at 7 kpa in the treatments without mulching and at 12 kPa in the treatments with black plastic and black non-woven resulted in higher growth parameters and yield. The leaf area index and the root diameter were the parameters that had a high and positive correlation with yield. Expenses with variable resources represent on average 75% of the total production cost. Therefore, the investment pays all resources applied in the activity and provides an economic profit. In this context, the higher radish yield with 37.5 t ha-1 provided the highest profitability of the evaluated treatments, thus, for radish production, the recommendation is to use 12 kPa as an indicator of the moment for irrigation, associated with the use of black plastic.
{"title":"Economic viability and development of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under different soil water tensions and mulching types","authors":"Pietros André Balbino dos Santos, L. G. de Carvalho, F. Schwerz, Victor Buono da Silva Batista, Cassio Augusto Ussi Monti","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12552","url":null,"abstract":"There is a lack of information on the production of irrigated radish associated with the use of mulching and on the economic viability of these production technologies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, yield, and economic viability of the radish crop under different soil water tensions (SWT) and mulching types. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. During the experiment, the following variables were evaluates: growth parameters, yield and economic viability. SWT at 7 kpa in the treatments without mulching and at 12 kPa in the treatments with black plastic and black non-woven resulted in higher growth parameters and yield. The leaf area index and the root diameter were the parameters that had a high and positive correlation with yield. Expenses with variable resources represent on average 75% of the total production cost. Therefore, the investment pays all resources applied in the activity and provides an economic profit. In this context, the higher radish yield with 37.5 t ha-1 provided the highest profitability of the evaluated treatments, thus, for radish production, the recommendation is to use 12 kPa as an indicator of the moment for irrigation, associated with the use of black plastic.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45666030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renata Diana Menegatti, M. A. C. Lima, A. G. Souza, O. J. Smiderle, V. Bianchi
Considering that cultivars of peach rootstocks selected to be propagated by seeds show variation in the degree of physiological dormancy and peculiarities regarding the limitation imposed by the endocarp, it is essential to define the cold stratification period and the ideal temperature to be used during the pre-germination treatment. Isolated for each cultivar, knowledge of these variables which will provide viability in the production of peach rootstocks via seeds, in the presence of the endocarp, at a larger scale. Two germination tests were carried out, in a completely randomized experimental design and 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications, each one consisting of 25 endocarps. The first experiment was performed with four cultivars (Aldrighi, Capdebosq, Okinawa Roxo and Tsukuba 1) and three stratification temperatures (1°C, 4°C and 7°C) for a period of 90 days. For the second experiment, the same cultivars were used, two temperatures (7°C for ‘Aldrighi’ and ‘Capdebosq’ and 4°C for ‘Okinawa Roxo’ and ‘Tsukuba’) and three stratification periods (40, 80 and 120 days), followed by sowing in substrate under greenhouse conditions for a period of 45 days, with subsequent endocarp breaking and re-sowing. The pre-germination treatment at 7°C for 90 days is sufficient to obtain high germination percentage of ‘Aldrighi’ and ‘Capdeboscq’ seeds in the presence of the endocarp. Under the stratification conditions tested, the seeds of ‘Okinawa Roxo’ and ‘Tsukuba 1’ require rupture of the endocarp to reactivate the germinative embryonic process.
{"title":"Contrasting aspects of the physical and physiological dormancy shown by seeds from different peach rootstocks","authors":"Renata Diana Menegatti, M. A. C. Lima, A. G. Souza, O. J. Smiderle, V. Bianchi","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12192","url":null,"abstract":"Considering that cultivars of peach rootstocks selected to be propagated by seeds show variation in the degree of physiological dormancy and peculiarities regarding the limitation imposed by the endocarp, it is essential to define the cold stratification period and the ideal temperature to be used during the pre-germination treatment. Isolated for each cultivar, knowledge of these variables which will provide viability in the production of peach rootstocks via seeds, in the presence of the endocarp, at a larger scale. Two germination tests were carried out, in a completely randomized experimental design and 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications, each one consisting of 25 endocarps. The first experiment was performed with four cultivars (Aldrighi, Capdebosq, Okinawa Roxo and Tsukuba 1) and three stratification temperatures (1°C, 4°C and 7°C) for a period of 90 days. For the second experiment, the same cultivars were used, two temperatures (7°C for ‘Aldrighi’ and ‘Capdebosq’ and 4°C for ‘Okinawa Roxo’ and ‘Tsukuba’) and three stratification periods (40, 80 and 120 days), followed by sowing in substrate under greenhouse conditions for a period of 45 days, with subsequent endocarp breaking and re-sowing. The pre-germination treatment at 7°C for 90 days is sufficient to obtain high germination percentage of ‘Aldrighi’ and ‘Capdeboscq’ seeds in the presence of the endocarp. Under the stratification conditions tested, the seeds of ‘Okinawa Roxo’ and ‘Tsukuba 1’ require rupture of the endocarp to reactivate the germinative embryonic process.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45583581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Oraee, M. Shoor, T. Oraee, A. Tehranifar, H. Nemati
Water scarcity and dwindling natural resources due to global warming are negatively impacting ornamental plant survival. Soil fertility remains a problem in arid and semiarid regions. In this study, the effects of four media (arable soil, arable soil + cow manure, arable soil + rice hull, arable soil + wheat straw) on macronutrient content and quantitative characteristics of Alcea rosea L. under drought stress were investigated. Application of organic amendments mitigated the negative effects of drought in the soil and increased the available organic macronutrients. The application of organic amendments increased the total N, P, and K content in the soil and leaves of hollyhock. Total soluble sugars (by 11.9%), RWC (by 8.75%) and phenolics (by 36.4%) of hollyhock were significantly improved by the application of organic amendments at 80% FC. The amended soil (soil + cow manure) increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase at 80% FC. Moreover, the soil + cow manure proved to be the best supplement to improve leaf area and dry weight. In conclusion, the application of organic amendments can be successfully used as a cost-effective management method to improve soil fertility and crop production in arid and semi-arid areas.
{"title":"Organic amendments role in reducing drought stress in Alcea Rosea L.","authors":"A. Oraee, M. Shoor, T. Oraee, A. Tehranifar, H. Nemati","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12185","url":null,"abstract":"Water scarcity and dwindling natural resources due to global warming are negatively impacting ornamental plant survival. Soil fertility remains a problem in arid and semiarid regions. In this study, the effects of four media (arable soil, arable soil + cow manure, arable soil + rice hull, arable soil + wheat straw) on macronutrient content and quantitative characteristics of Alcea rosea L. under drought stress were investigated. Application of organic amendments mitigated the negative effects of drought in the soil and increased the available organic macronutrients. The application of organic amendments increased the total N, P, and K content in the soil and leaves of hollyhock. Total soluble sugars (by 11.9%), RWC (by 8.75%) and phenolics (by 36.4%) of hollyhock were significantly improved by the application of organic amendments at 80% FC. The amended soil (soil + cow manure) increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase at 80% FC. Moreover, the soil + cow manure proved to be the best supplement to improve leaf area and dry weight. In conclusion, the application of organic amendments can be successfully used as a cost-effective management method to improve soil fertility and crop production in arid and semi-arid areas.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44691720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) experiences significant qualitative and quantitative loss during postharvest. This study aimed at providing an alternative postharvest handling technology for bell pepper. The factor studied was cactus (Opuntia stricta L.) mucilage coating at four levels: 0% (distilled water), 1, 2, and 3%. The fruits were stored under ambient conditions (25 ± 2°C temperature and 65 ± 2% relative humidity) until senescence. Weight loss and total soluble solids content were determined at an interval of 3 days whereas iron and ascorbic acid content were determined at an interval of 4 days. Shelf life elapsed when fruit lost 25% of their initial weight on average. Cactus mucilage coating reduced weight loss by up to 21.64%, maintained total soluble solids by up to 14.93%, iron by up to 6.46%, ascorbic acid by up to 19.46% and extended shelf life by up to 6 days. Cactus mucilage coating at 1% was the best treatment and therefore can be used by bell pepper growers, retailers, and consumers to maintain postharvest quality and extend shelf life of bell pepper.
{"title":"Maintaining postharvest quality of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. California Wonder) using cactus (Opuntia stricta L.) mucilage coating","authors":"Maurine Aloo, A. Opiyo, M. Saidi","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-12275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-12275","url":null,"abstract":"Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) experiences significant qualitative and quantitative loss during postharvest. This study aimed at providing an alternative postharvest handling technology for bell pepper. The factor studied was cactus (Opuntia stricta L.) mucilage coating at four levels: 0% (distilled water), 1, 2, and 3%. The fruits were stored under ambient conditions (25 ± 2°C temperature and 65 ± 2% relative humidity) until senescence. Weight loss and total soluble solids content were determined at an interval of 3 days whereas iron and ascorbic acid content were determined at an interval of 4 days. Shelf life elapsed when fruit lost 25% of their initial weight on average. Cactus mucilage coating reduced weight loss by up to 21.64%, maintained total soluble solids by up to 14.93%, iron by up to 6.46%, ascorbic acid by up to 19.46% and extended shelf life by up to 6 days. Cactus mucilage coating at 1% was the best treatment and therefore can be used by bell pepper growers, retailers, and consumers to maintain postharvest quality and extend shelf life of bell pepper.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49410568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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