Advances in medical sciences最新文献_第7页

Enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: A machine learning approach utilizing clinical and laboratory data 提高肝硬化患者自发性细菌性腹膜炎诊断的准确性和有效性：一种利用临床和实验室数据的机器学习方法。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.10.001

Babak Khorsand , Mohsen Rajabnia , Ali Jahanian , Mobin Fathy , Somayye Taghvaei , Hamidreza Houri

Purpose

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a bacterial infection of ascitic fluid that develops naturally, without being triggered by any surgical conditions or procedures, and is a common complication of cirrhosis. With a potential mortality rate of 40 %, accurate diagnosis and prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and preventing life-threatening complications. This study aimed to expand the use of computational models to improve the diagnostic accuracy of SBP in cirrhotic patients by incorporating a broader range of data, including clinical variables and laboratory values.

Patients and methods

We employed 5 machine learning classification methods - Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Random Forest, utilizing a variety of demographic, clinical, and laboratory features and biomarkers.

Results

Ascitic fluid markers, including white blood cell (WBC) count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), significantly differentiated between SBP and non-SBP patients. The Random Forest model demonstrated the highest overall accuracy at 86 %, while the Naive Bayes model achieved the highest sensitivity at 72 %. Utilizing 10 key features instead of the full feature set improved model performance, notably enhancing specificity and accuracy.

Conclusion

Our analysis highlights the potential of machine learning to enhance the accuracy of SBP diagnosis in cirrhotic patients. Integrating these models into clinical workflows could substantially improve patient outcomes. To achieve this, ongoing multidisciplinary research is crucial. Ensuring model interpretability, continuous monitoring, and rigorous validation will be essential for the successful implementation of real-time clinical decision support systems.

目的：自发性细菌性腹膜炎（SBP）是一种腹腔积液的细菌感染，是肝硬化的常见并发症。腹腔积液的潜在死亡率高达 40%，因此准确诊断和及时启动适当的抗生素治疗对于优化患者预后和预防危及生命的并发症至关重要。本研究旨在扩大计算模型的使用范围，通过纳入更广泛的数据（包括临床变量和实验室值）来提高肝硬化患者SBP的诊断准确性：我们采用了 5 种机器学习分类方法--决策树、支持向量机、Naive Bayes、K-近邻和随机森林，并利用了各种人口统计学、临床和实验室特征及生物标志物：结果：腹水标志物，包括白细胞（WBC）计数、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、总蛋白和多形核细胞（PMN），能显著区分SBP和非SBP患者。随机森林模型的总体准确率最高，达 86%，而 Naive Bayes 模型的灵敏度最高，达 72%。利用 10 个关键特征而不是全部特征集提高了模型的性能，尤其是提高了特异性和准确性：我们的分析凸显了机器学习在提高肝硬化患者 SBP 诊断准确性方面的潜力。将这些模型整合到临床工作流程中可以大大改善患者的预后。为此，持续的多学科研究至关重要。确保模型的可解释性、持续监测和严格验证对于实时临床决策支持系统的成功实施至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease - A new indication for sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 inhibitors 代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝--钠-葡萄糖共转运体-2 抑制剂的新适应症。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.001

Grzegorz Procyk , Jakub Jaworski , Aleksandra Gąsecka , Krzysztof J. Filipiak , Josip A. Borovac

Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been proposed as a new name for the previous non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are some differences between MASLD and NAFLD, e.g., diagnostic criteria. MASLD is a hepatic steatosis without harmful alcohol consumption and is caused by metabolic factors. The prevalence of MASLD varies amongst different populations. The change in lifestyle plays a fundamental role in MASLD management, while there is no registered pharmacotherapy in this indication. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been suggested to have a beneficial effect on hepatic steatosis, hence, they have been widely investigated as potential therapeutics in MASLD. In this review, we aimed to thoroughly summarize current evidence from original research about the effects of SGLT2i use on MASLD. Almost all discussed studies advocate using SGLT2i in MASLD because of their beneficial effects. It includes the loss of body weight, which is beneficial per se, and the improvement in hepatic parameters. Most importantly, steatosis reduction has been observed in patients using SGLT2i. We highly recommend further research in this field, which we believe will eventually lead to a new indication for SGLT2i, i.e., MASLD.

代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病（MASLD）已被提出作为之前的非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）的新名称。MASLD 与 NAFLD 在诊断标准等方面存在一些差异。非酒精性脂肪肝是一种肝脏脂肪变性，没有饮酒的危害，是由代谢因素引起的。MASLD在不同人群中的发病率各不相同。改变生活方式在 MASLD 的治疗中起着根本性的作用，但目前还没有针对这一适应症的注册药物疗法。钠-葡萄糖共转运体 2 抑制剂（SGLT2i）被认为对肝脏脂肪变性有好处，因此作为 MASLD 的潜在治疗药物被广泛研究。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面总结目前有关使用 SGLT2i 对 MASLD 的影响的原创性研究证据。几乎所有讨论过的研究都主张在 MASLD 中使用 SGLT2i，因为它们具有有益的作用。其中包括减轻体重（这本身就是有益的）和改善肝脏参数。最重要的是，在使用 SGLT2i 的患者中观察到脂肪变性减轻。我们强烈建议在这一领域开展进一步研究，相信最终会为 SGLT2i 带来新的适应症，即 MASLD。

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引用次数: 0

An evaluation of the effect of the use of platelet-rich fibrin on tonsillectomy results 评估使用富血小板纤维蛋白对扁桃体切除术效果的影响。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.004

Aslıhan Oflaz Çapar, Emre Solguntekin, Kerem Kökoğlu, Mehmet Ilhan Şahin

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) during tonsillectomy on postoperative results.

Patients and methods

This study included 41 patients who underwent tonsillectomy between April 2022 and January 2023. Liquid-PRF at a dose of 1 cc was injected to three different points of one of the tonsil fossae, selected at random intraoperatively. The same amount of physiological saline was injected to the symmetrical points on the opposite tonsil fossa using the same size injector. Pain, wound healing, and bleeding were evaluated on postoperative days 1, 7, and 14. The data of both sides were compared statistically as the study and control sides.

Results

The pain scores were the highest for both sides on postoperative day 1, and gradually decreased in the following days, with no significant difference determined between the sides (p > 0.05). Wound healing rates in the 1st week and 2 nd week were similar for both sides. Although there were more patients who have 100 % epithelization in the PRF group on the postoperative day 14, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The injection of PRF following tonsillectomy had no significant effect on postoperative pain, wound healing, or bleeding.

目的：本研究旨在探讨扁桃体切除术中液态富血小板纤维蛋白（PRF）对术后效果的影响：本研究纳入了在 2022 年 4 月至 2023 年 1 月期间接受扁桃体切除术的 41 名患者。在术中随机选择扁桃体窝的三个不同点注射 1cc 剂量的液体-PRF。使用相同大小的注射器，在对侧扁桃体窝的对称点注射相同剂量的生理盐水。术后第 1、7 和 14 天对疼痛、伤口愈合和出血情况进行评估。将两侧的数据作为研究侧和对照侧进行统计比较：结果：术后第 1 天两侧疼痛评分最高，随后几天逐渐降低，两侧疼痛评分无明显差异（P>0.05）。第 1 周和第 2 周的伤口愈合率两侧相似。虽然术后第 14 天 PRF 组上皮化生率达 100% 的患者较多，但组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）：扁桃体切除术后注射 PRF 对术后疼痛、伤口愈合和出血无明显影响。

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引用次数: 0

Angiopoietin-like 4 facilitates human aortic smooth muscle cell phenotype switch and dysfunctions through the PI3K/Akt signaling in aortic dissection 血管生成素样 4 在主动脉夹层中通过 PI3K/Akt 信号转导促进人类主动脉平滑肌细胞表型转换和功能障碍。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.006

Wei He , Quan Zheng , Tingfang Zou , Wei Yan , Xue Gao , Chunle Wang , Yaoyao Xiong

Purpose

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switch and dysfunctions have been reported to participate in aortic dissection (AD) progression. This study was aimed to investigate the role of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) in regulating VSMCs phenotype switch.

Materials and methods

Key genes were analyzed in AD using public datasets, and it was found that the central differential gene ANGPTL4 was up-regulated in AD. The KEGG signaling pathway annotation was performed to validate the associated pathways, and the expression of ANGPTL4 was verified using multiple datasets and clinical samples. Furthermore, the specific functions of ANGPTL4 on platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-treated human aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) phenotypes were investigated. The dynamic effects of ANGPTL4 and core signaling antagonists on HASMC phenotypes were examined.

Results

Hub gene ANGPTL4 was significantly up-regulated in AD. ANGPTL4 was linked to the PI3K/Akt signaling, angiogenesis, and neovascularization and remodeling. ANGPTL4 overexpression further enhanced PDGF-BB effects on HASMC phenotypes, including promoted cell viability and migration, decreased contractile VSMC markers α-SMA and SM22α, elevated ECM degradation markers MMP-2 and MMP-9, and promoted phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. ANGPTL4 knockdown partially abolished PDGF-BB-induced contractile/synthetic VSMCs imbalance and HASMC dysfunctions. Furthermore, in ANGPTL4-overexpressing HASMCs pre-treated with PDGF-BB, the PI3K/Akt signaling inhibitor LY294002 also partially eliminated the effects caused by the PDGF-BB treatment and ANGPTL4 overexpression.

Conclusions

ANGPTL4 is significantly up-regulated in AD. ANGPTL4 overexpression further enhanced PDGF-BB effects on HASMC phenotype switch and dysfunctions, which might be involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling.

目的：据报道，血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）表型转换和功能障碍参与了主动脉夹层（AD）的进展。本研究旨在探讨血管生成素样4（ANGPTL4）在调控血管平滑肌细胞表型转换中的作用：利用公开数据集分析了AD中的关键基因，发现中心差异基因ANGPTL4在AD中上调。通过KEGG信号通路注释验证了相关通路，并利用多个数据集和临床样本验证了ANGPTL4的表达。此外，还研究了ANGPTL4对血小板衍生生长因子-BB（PDGF-BB）处理的人主动脉平滑肌细胞（HASMC）表型的特定功能。研究了 ANGPTL4 和核心信号拮抗剂对 HASMC 表型的动态影响：结果：AD的枢纽基因ANGPTL4明显上调。ANGPTL4与PI3K/Akt信号传导、血管生成、新生血管形成和重塑有关。ANGPTL4 的过表达进一步增强了 PDGF-BB 对 HASMC 表型的影响，包括促进细胞活力和迁移、降低收缩性 VSMC 标志物 α-SMA 和 SM22α、提高 ECM 降解标志物 MMP-2 和 MMP-9，以及促进 PI3K 和 Akt 的磷酸化。敲除 ANGPTL4 可部分消除 PDGF-BB 诱导的收缩/合成 VSMC 失衡和 HASMC 功能障碍。此外，在用PDGF-BB预处理的ANGPTL4过表达的HASMC中，PI3K/Akt信号抑制剂LY294002也部分消除了PDGF-BB处理和ANGPTL4过表达造成的影响：结论：ANGPTL4在AD中明显上调。结论：ANGPTL4在AD中明显上调，ANGPTL4过表达进一步增强了PDGF-BB对HASMC表型转换和功能障碍的影响，这可能与PI3K/Akt信号转导有关。

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引用次数: 0

Reducing metastasis ability of gastric cancer cell line by targeting MMP16 using miR-193a-5p and 5-FU 利用 miR-193a-5p 和 5-FU 靶向 MMP16 降低胃癌细胞株的转移能力

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.008

Tahani Ahmad Almatrafi , Natrayan Lakshmaiya , Hailah M. Almohaimeed , Srikumar Chakravarthi , Ali H. Amin , Ayman Jafer , Amany I. Almars , Ammar A. Basabrain , Youssef S. Alghamdi , Mohamed J. Saadh , Reza Akhavan-Sigari

Purpose

Co-administration of microRNAs and chemotherapy drugs effectively treats several cancers. The current study sought to investigate the function of matrix metalloproteinase 16 (MMP16) and miR-193a-5p in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC).

Materials/methods

Sixty-five surgical patients, 15 receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), provided GC and adjacent non-cancerous tissue. Following that, qPCR was used to assess the expression levels of MMP16 and miR-193a-5p in GC cells. The impact of miR-193a-5p and 5-FU administration on MMP16 mRNA expression was evaluated using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. MTT and Scratch tests were also conducted to assess their effects on cell viability and migration. Moreover, a rescue experiment using an MTT assay was performed. Using flow cytometry, the apoptotic rate was calculated. Finally, it was evaluated how MMP16 and miR-193a-5p related to the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients.

Results

The current study found that while MMP16 expression increased in GC patients (P < 0.0001), miR-193a-5p expression significantly decreased (P < 0.001). MMP16 down-regulation was another effect of miR-193a-5p replacement, particularly when 5-FU was added (P < 0.01). In addition, this study found that miR-193a-5p, by concentrating on MMP16, decreased the migration of GC cells brought on by MMP16. In GC cell lines, miR-193 and 5-FU induce apoptosis, with the 5-FU being more pronounced when combined with mir-193, according to flow cytometry results. A strong correlation was also found between clinicopathological traits associated with MMP16 and miR-193a-5p.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that miR-193a-5p, in conjunction with 5-FU, down-regulates MMP16 in GC, where it suppresses tumor growth.

目的：microRNAs与化疗药物联合应用可有效治疗多种癌症。本研究试图探讨基质金属蛋白酶16（MMP16）和miR-193a-5p在胃癌（GC）发病机制中的功能：65例手术患者（其中15例接受了5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）治疗）提供了GC和邻近的非癌组织。然后，使用 qPCR 评估 GC 细胞中 MMP16 和 miR-193a-5p 的表达水平。使用 qRT-PCR 和 Western 印迹法评估了 miR-193a-5p 和 5-FU 给药对 MMP16 mRNA 表达的影响。还进行了 MTT 和划痕试验，以评估它们对细胞活力和迁移的影响。此外，还利用 MTT 试验进行了挽救实验。使用流式细胞术计算了细胞凋亡率。最后，还评估了 MMP16 和 miR-193a-5p 与患者临床病理特征的关系：结果：目前的研究发现，虽然 MMP16 在 GC 患者（PConclusions.）中的表达增加，但 miR-193a-5p 在 GC 患者中的表达却没有增加：这些研究结果表明，miR-193a-5p 与 5-FU 联用可下调 MMP16 在 GC 中的表达，从而抑制肿瘤生长。

{"title":"Reducing metastasis ability of gastric cancer cell line by targeting MMP16 using miR-193a-5p and 5-FU","authors":"Tahani Ahmad Almatrafi , Natrayan Lakshmaiya , Hailah M. Almohaimeed , Srikumar Chakravarthi , Ali H. Amin , Ayman Jafer , Amany I. Almars , Ammar A. Basabrain , Youssef S. Alghamdi , Mohamed J. Saadh , Reza Akhavan-Sigari","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Co-administration of microRNAs and chemotherapy drugs effectively treats several cancers. The current study sought to investigate the function of matrix metalloproteinase 16 (MMP16) and miR-193a-5p in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC).</div></div><div><h3>Materials/methods</h3><div>Sixty-five surgical patients, 15 receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), provided GC and adjacent non-cancerous tissue. Following that, qPCR was used to assess the expression levels of MMP16 and miR-193a-5p in GC cells. The impact of miR-193a-5p and 5-FU administration on MMP16 mRNA expression was evaluated using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. MTT and Scratch tests were also conducted to assess their effects on cell viability and migration. Moreover, a rescue experiment using an MTT assay was performed. Using flow cytometry, the apoptotic rate was calculated. Finally, it was evaluated how MMP16 and miR-193a-5p related to the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The current study found that while MMP16 expression increased in GC patients (P < 0.0001), miR-193a-5p expression significantly decreased (P < 0.001). MMP16 down-regulation was another effect of miR-193a-5p replacement, particularly when 5-FU was added (P < 0.01). In addition, this study found that miR-193a-5p, by concentrating on MMP16, decreased the migration of GC cells brought on by MMP16. In GC cell lines, miR-193 and 5-FU induce apoptosis, with the 5-FU being more pronounced when combined with mir-193, according to flow cytometry results. A strong correlation was also found between clinicopathological traits associated with MMP16 and miR-193a-5p.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that miR-193a-5p, in conjunction with 5-FU, down-regulates MMP16 in GC, where it suppresses tumor growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 463-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LRRC45 promotes lung cancer proliferation and progression by enhancing c-MYC, slug, MMP2, and MMP9 expression LRRC45 通过增强 c-MYC、Slug、MMP2 和 MMP9 的表达，促进肺癌的增殖和进展。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.007

Qian Wang , Xin-Yan Liu , Xiao-Qi Zhang , Zheng-Xing Huo , Cheng-Yu Chen , Shi Chen , Cheng-Yong Liu , Jia Zhu , Shan-Shan Liu , Bing Lu

Background

The leucine-rich repeat-containing (LRRC) superfamily members are known for their significant roles in tumorigenesis and cellular proliferation. However, the specific regulatory role of LRRC45 in lung cancer remains unexplored. This study investigated the impact and underlying mechanisms of LRRC45 on the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, potentially identifying new targets for therapeutic intervention.

Material and methods

The importance of LRRC45 in lung cancer was analyzed using the online databases of UCSC Xena, TCGA, TISIDB, and UALCAN, whereas to detect target gene expression, we used the qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence confocal. The cell growth was monitored by colony formation assay and migration was examined by cell migration assay. Finally, a xenograft mouse tumor model using A549 cells was used to explore the in vivo effect of LRRC45 in lung cancer.

Results

Inhibition of LRRC45 expression led to a notable decrease in proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells. LRRC45 silencing significantly reduced the tumor volume and improved the mice's survival. Additionally, inhibition of LRRC45 expression dramatically suppressed c-MYC, Slug, MMP2, and MMP9 expression. Overexpression of c-MYC and/or Slug in the LRRC45-deficient cells can partially or totally restore the LRRC45 deficiency-suppressed growth. Moreover, the overexpression of MMP2 and/or MMP9 could partially or totally restore LRRC45 deficiency-reduced cell metastasis.

Conclusions

LRRC45 could promote the proliferative, migrative, and invasive capacities of lung cancer cells by increasing c-MYC, Slug, MMP2, and MMP9 expression, indicating the therapeutic implications and potential significance of these pathways in lung cancer.

背景：众所周知，含亮氨酸丰富重复序列（LRRC）超家族成员在肿瘤发生和细胞增殖中发挥着重要作用。然而，LRRC45在肺癌中的具体调控作用仍未得到探索。本研究探讨了 LRRC45 对肺腺癌（LUAD）细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响及其内在机制，从而为治疗干预寻找新的靶点：利用UCSC Xena、TCGA、TISIDB和UALCAN在线数据库分析了LRRC45在肺癌中的重要性，并利用qRT-PCR、Western印迹和免疫荧光共聚焦技术检测了靶基因的表达。通过集落形成试验监测细胞生长，通过细胞迁移试验检测细胞迁移。最后，利用 A549 细胞异种移植小鼠肿瘤模型来探讨 LRRC45 在肺癌中的体内效应：结果：抑制 LRRC45 的表达可显著减少 A549 和 H1299 细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。沉默 LRRC45 能显著减少肿瘤体积，提高小鼠存活率。此外，抑制 LRRC45 的表达还能显著抑制 c-MYC、Slug、MMP2 和 MMP9 的表达。在LRRC45缺陷细胞中过表达c-MYC和/或Slug可以部分或完全恢复LRRC45缺陷抑制的生长。此外，MMP2和/或MMP9的过表达可部分或完全恢复LRRC45缺陷抑制的细胞转移：结论：LRRC45可通过增加c-MYC、Slug、MMP2和MMP9的表达来促进肺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力，表明了这些通路在肺癌中的治疗意义和潜在重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Pentraxin 3 as a marker of development and severity of stable coronary artery disease 作为稳定型冠状动脉疾病发展和严重程度标志物的五胜肽 3。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.010

Malgorzata Knapp, Monika Gil-Mika, Robert Sawicki, Anna Lisowska, Marcin Kaminski, Bozena Sobkowicz, Katarzyna Ptaszynska

Purpose

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is produced at the site of inflammation and has been identified as a specific marker of atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation, and progression of the coronary artery disease (CAD).

The aim of the study was to establish if PTX3 has potential relations with classical markers of cardiovascular risk, and if PTX3 may act as an independent risk factor of CAD occurrence and advancement.

Materials and methods

The study included 98 patients with stable CAD confirmed in coronary angiography (CAD group) (median age 65 interquartile range [IQR] 61–72 years; 72 % men). The control group consisted of 40 patients without CAD.

Results

The CAD group had significantly higher PTX3 concentration compared to the control group. There was a correlation with age, male gender, lipid profile and intima-media thickness. There was no correlation between PTX3 concentration and the number of coronary vessels with significant atherosclerotic lesions and the advancement of atherosclerotic lesions on the Gensini scoring scale. The cut-off point was determined for 0.89 ng/ml for the exclusion of angiographically significant atherosclerotic lesions.

Conclusions

Patients with CAD have significantly higher concentration of PTX3. There was no correlation between PTX3 and the advancement of angiographically significant atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries. Low PTX3 concentration may serve as an indicator for the absence of atherosclerosis.

目的：炎症在动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成过程中起着至关重要的作用。五胜肽 3（PTX3）产生于炎症部位，已被确定为动脉粥样硬化、血管炎症和冠状动脉疾病（CAD）进展的特异性标志物。该研究的目的是确定 PTX3 是否与心血管风险的经典标志物有潜在的关系，以及 PTX3 是否可能成为 CAD 发生和发展的独立风险因素：研究对象包括98名经冠状动脉造影证实患有稳定型CAD的患者（CAD组）（中位年龄65岁，四分位数区间[IQR]61-72岁；72%为男性）。对照组由 40 名无 CAD 患者组成：结果：与对照组相比，CAD 组的 PTX3 浓度明显更高。PTX3浓度与年龄、男性性别、血脂状况和血管内膜厚度相关。PTX3 浓度与有明显动脉粥样硬化病变的冠状动脉血管数量以及根西尼评分表中动脉粥样硬化病变的进展之间没有相关性。结论：CAD患者体内的PTX3浓度明显高于正常人：结论：CAD 患者的 PTX3 浓度明显更高。结论：冠状动脉粥样硬化患者的 PTX3 浓度明显较高，PTX3 与冠状动脉血管造影显着动脉粥样硬化病变的进展之间没有相关性。PTX3的低浓度可作为没有动脉粥样硬化的指标。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in hematopoietic stem cell numbers following acute exercise in non-athlete marathon runners 非马拉松运动员急性运动后造血干细胞数量的变化

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.003

Özgür Günaştı , Çiğdem Özdemir , Kerem T. Özgünen , Gizem Çiftdal , Ertuğrul Gezgin , Selcen Korkmaz Eryılmaz , Ömer Cumhur Boyraz , Abdullah Kılcı , Ümüt Adaş , Bülent Antmen , Sanlı Sadi Kurdak

Purpose

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant is one of the curative methods for some patients with hematological malignancies. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the most common drug used to mobilize CD34⁺ cells, generally found in small numbers. Recent evidence showed that exercise causes transient mobilization in HSC. However, the type and intensity of exercise have not been fully revealed. We aimed to detect a significant increase in stem cell levels following 60 min of running at a personalized running pace.

Materials/methods

Eighteen runners, 48.2 ± 1.9 years with peak oxygen consumption of 46.2 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min, were enrolled in the study. The cardiopulmonary exercise test was performed to determine the individual running pace, and the participants ran 60-min on a treadmill at an intensity close to their ventilatory threshold (VT). The blood sampling for HSC count was performed before, immediately after, at the 1st, 4th and 24th hour after the 60-min running.

Results

The CD34⁺ HSCs were 13.9 ± 2.3 cells/μl before and significantly increased immediately after to 19.5 ± 3.6 cells/μl (p < 0.05). The consecutive HSC counts were 15.3 ± 2.2, 19.5 ± 4.8 and 15.1 ± 3.4 cells/μl at the 1st, 4th, and 24th hour, respectively.

Conclusion

The individual data showed that some runners had higher HSC levels than the transplantation limit before and after the 60-min running trail, which was maintained for 24 h. Pre-running high CD34⁺ HSCs may reflect an adaptive response to regular exercise, with a 60-min run near the VT further elevating HSCs. Individualized exercise may be a valuable tool to mobilize the CD34⁺ HSCs in peripheral blood for donors.

目的造血干细胞（HSC）移植是治疗某些血液恶性肿瘤患者的方法之一。粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）是最常用的动员 CD34+ 细胞的药物，但其数量通常较少。最近的证据显示，运动可引起造血干细胞的短暂动员。然而，运动的类型和强度尚未完全揭示。我们的目的是检测以个性化跑步速度跑步60分钟后干细胞水平的显著增加。材料/方法18名跑步者（48.2±1.9岁，峰值耗氧量为46.2±1.4毫升/千克/分钟）参加了研究。进行心肺运动测试以确定个人的跑步速度，参与者在跑步机上以接近其通气阈值（VT）的强度跑步 60 分钟。结果跑步前，CD34+造血干细胞数量为 13.9 ± 2.3 cells/μl，跑步后立即显著增加至 19.5 ± 3.6 cells/μl（p <0.05）。在第1、4和24小时，连续的造血干细胞计数分别为15.3±2.2、19.5±4.8和15.1±3.4个细胞/μl。跑步前的高 CD34+ 造血干细胞水平可能反映了对常规运动的适应性反应，而接近 VT 的 60 分钟跑步则进一步提高了造血干细胞水平。个性化的运动可能是动员外周血中CD34+造血干细胞的重要工具。

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引用次数: 0

Right-ventricle heart failure in PAH vs. HFrEF with secondary PH: Hemodynamic, ergospirometric, and organ function correlations PAH 与继发性 PH 的 HFrEF 中的右心室心力衰竭：血液动力学、测力和器官功能相关性。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.003

Katarzyna Krajewska, Krystian Ejdys, Klaudia Jadczak, Anna Lisowska, Karol A. Kamiński, Bożena Sobkowicz, Katarzyna Ptaszyńska

Purpose

The goal of the study was to identify markers of organ function used in daily routines that could potentially aid in the overall evaluation of the cardiovascular system in patients with right-ventricle heart failure due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and left-ventricle heart failure. We analyzed correlations between parameters from right heart catheterization (RHC), cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), and selected laboratory parameters of thyroid, liver, kidneys function and iron homeostasis.

Patients and methods

A retrospective analysis included 107 patients (mean age 57.6 ± 16.2; 34.6 % women), comprising 57 patients with PAH (mean age 54.0 ± 18.2; 49.1 % women) and 50 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) < 40 % (mean age 61.6 ± 12.7; 18 % women). All patients underwent CPET. Each patient in the PAH group had RHC performed. Fifteen patients from the HFrEF group underwent RHC, which confirmed the suspicion of pulmonary hypertension (HFrEF-SPH).

Results

CPET and laboratory parameters’ analysis showed strong correlations between ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO₂) slope and NT-proBNP in HFrEF without secondary PH and HFrEF-SPH groups. In the PAH group, VE/VCO₂ slope correlated with liver and thyroid function but also with morphological parameters of red-cell system.

Analysis of correlations between laboratory and hemodynamic parameters revealed significant correlations between pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and red-cell parameters, especially strong with fT4 in the PAH group.

Conclusions

In HFrEF-SPH patients, laboratory parameters strongly correlated with pulmonary pressures and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP).

目的：本研究的目的是确定日常使用的器官功能标记物，这些标记物可能有助于全面评估肺动脉高压（PAH）导致的右心室心力衰竭和左心室心力衰竭患者的心血管系统。我们分析了右心导管检查（RHC）参数、心肺运动测试（CPET）参数以及甲状腺、肝脏、肾脏功能和铁平衡的部分实验室参数之间的相关性：回顾性分析纳入 107 名患者（平均年龄为 57.6±16.2；34.6% 为女性），其中包括 57 名 PAH 患者（平均年龄为 54.0±18.2；49.1% 为女性）和 50 名射血分数降低的心力衰竭患者（HFrEF）：CPET 和实验室参数分析表明，在无继发性 PH 的 HFrEF 组和 HFrEF-SPH 组中，通气/二氧化碳产生（VE/VCO2）斜率与 NT-proBNP 之间存在很强的相关性。在 PAH 组中，VE/VCO2 斜率与肝脏和甲状腺功能相关，但也与红细胞系统的形态学参数相关。实验室和血液动力学参数之间的相关性分析表明，肺动脉压、肺血管阻力（PVR）和红细胞参数之间存在显著相关性，尤其是在 PAH 组中与 fT4 的相关性更强：HFrEF-SPH患者的实验室参数与肺动脉压和肺毛细血管楔压（PCWP）密切相关。

{"title":"Right-ventricle heart failure in PAH vs. HFrEF with secondary PH: Hemodynamic, ergospirometric, and organ function correlations","authors":"Katarzyna Krajewska, Krystian Ejdys, Klaudia Jadczak, Anna Lisowska, Karol A. Kamiński, Bożena Sobkowicz, Katarzyna Ptaszyńska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The goal of the study was to identify markers of organ function used in daily routines that could potentially aid in the overall evaluation of the cardiovascular system in patients with right-ventricle heart failure due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and left-ventricle heart failure. We analyzed correlations between parameters from right heart catheterization (RHC), cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), and selected laboratory parameters of thyroid, liver, kidneys function and iron homeostasis.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis included 107 patients (mean age 57.6 ± 16.2; 34.6 % women), comprising 57 patients with PAH (mean age 54.0 ± 18.2; 49.1 % women) and 50 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) < 40 % (mean age 61.6 ± 12.7; 18 % women). All patients underwent CPET. Each patient in the PAH group had RHC performed. Fifteen patients from the HFrEF group underwent RHC, which confirmed the suspicion of pulmonary hypertension (HFrEF-SPH).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CPET and laboratory parameters’ analysis showed strong correlations between ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO<sub>2</sub>) slope and NT-proBNP in HFrEF without secondary PH and HFrEF-SPH groups. In the PAH group, VE/VCO<sub>2</sub> slope correlated with liver and thyroid function but also with morphological parameters of red-cell system.</div><div>Analysis of correlations between laboratory and hemodynamic parameters revealed significant correlations between pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and red-cell parameters, especially strong with fT4 in the PAH group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In HFrEF-SPH patients, laboratory parameters strongly correlated with pulmonary pressures and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 421-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The vitamin D analog EB1089 sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens 维生素 D 类似物 EB1089 可使三阴性乳腺癌细胞对抗雌激素的抗增殖作用敏感。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in medical sciences

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.004

Adriana Zárate-Pérez , Alitzin Pamela Cruz-Cázares , David Ordaz-Rosado , Janice García-Quiroz , Alfonso León-Del-Rio , Euclides Avila , Edgar Milo-Rocha , Lorenza Díaz , Rocío García-Becerra

Purpose

Patients bearing estrogen receptor (ER)α-negative breast cancer tumors confront poor prognosis and are typically unresponsive to hormone therapy. Previous studies have shown that calcitriol, the active vitamin D metabolite, can induce ERα expression in ERα-negative cells. EB1089, a calcitriol analog with reduced calcemic effects, exhibits greater potency than calcitriol in inhibiting cancer cell growth. However, the impact of EB1089 on ERα expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether EB1089 could induce functional ERα expression in TNBC cell lines, potentially enabling the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens.

Materials and methods

TNBC cell lines HCC1806 and HCC1937 were treated with EB1089, and ERα expression was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blots. The transcriptional activity of induced ERα was evaluated through a luciferase reporter assay. The antiproliferative effects of tamoxifen and fulvestrant antiestrogens were assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay in the EB1089-treated cells.

Results

Our findings indicated that EB1089 significantly induced ERα mRNA and protein expression in TNBC cells. Moreover, EB1089-induced ERα exhibited transcriptional activity and effectively restored the inhibitory effects of antiestrogens, thereby suppressing cell proliferation in TNBC cells.

Conclusion

EB1089 induced the expression of functional ERα in TNBC cells, restoring the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens. These results highlight the potential of using EB1089 as a promising strategy for re-establishment of the antiproliferative effect of antiestrogens as a possible management for TNBC. This research lays the foundation for potential advancements in TNBC treatment, offering new avenues for targeted and effective interventions.

目的：雌激素受体（ER）α阴性乳腺癌肿瘤患者预后不良，通常对激素治疗无反应。先前的研究表明，活性维生素 D 代谢物钙三醇可诱导 ERα 阴性细胞中 ERα 的表达。EB1089 是一种降钙三醇类似物，具有较低的血钙效应，在抑制癌细胞生长方面比降钙三醇更有效。然而，EB1089 对三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）细胞中 ERα 表达的影响仍有待探索。本研究旨在探讨EB1089是否能诱导TNBC细胞系中ERα的功能性表达，从而使抗雌激素的抗增殖作用成为可能：用 EB1089 处理 TNBC 细胞株 HCC1806 和 HCC1937，并使用实时 PCR 和 Western 印迹分析 ERα 的表达。通过荧光素酶报告实验评估了诱导的 ERα 的转录活性。在 EB1089 处理过的细胞中，使用磺基罗丹明 B 检测法评估了他莫昔芬和氟维司群抗雌激素的抗增殖作用：结果：我们的研究结果表明，EB1089能显著诱导TNBC细胞中ERα mRNA和蛋白的表达。此外，EB1089 诱导的 ERα 表现出转录活性，并能有效恢复抗雌激素的抑制作用，从而抑制 TNBC 细胞的增殖：结论：EB1089能诱导TNBC细胞中功能性ERα的表达，从而恢复抗雌激素的抗增殖作用。这些结果凸显了使用 EB1089 作为重建抗雌激素抗增殖效应的一种有前途的策略，作为 TNBC 的一种可能治疗方法的潜力。这项研究为TNBC治疗的潜在进步奠定了基础，为有针对性的有效干预提供了新途径。

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引用次数: 0