Abayomi Yekini Ibrahim, A. Akawa, Ilesanmi Kayode Fashuba, Isaac Adekola Adu
Human immunodeficiency syndrome ranks among the global worrisome health indices. This study was aimed at determining the effect of social support on medication adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS attending the general out-patient clinic of Kogi State Specialist Hospital (KSSH), Kogi State. A 20-item perceived social support-family scale (PSS-Fa) was used to assess patient’s levels of perceived social support. The number of pills missed were counted and used to calculate their adherence percentage after 4 weeks of medication use. A Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-4) was used to strengthen measurement of adherence by pill counting. An association was sought between the mean scores and they were tested for statistical significance. A total of 153 patients were analysed. The largest number of participants was aged between 28 and 37 years. There was a statistically significant association between respondents perceived support and medication adherence (p<0.001). A statistically significant association was recorded between respondents’ social class and perceived social support (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant association between other socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, level of education, religion, place of domicile and ethnic groups) and perceived social support of respondents (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference association between family dynamics (marital status, type of marriage, family size and family income) and medication adherence of respondents (p<0.05). There was also no statistically significant association between respondents, family dynamics and perceived social support (p<0.05). A statistically significant association was found between respondents perceived social support and medication adherence. Social class was the predictor of perceived social support among respondents.
{"title":"Medication adherence and social support in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Kogi State, Nigeria","authors":"Abayomi Yekini Ibrahim, A. Akawa, Ilesanmi Kayode Fashuba, Isaac Adekola Adu","doi":"10.5897/jahr2023.0556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2023.0556","url":null,"abstract":"Human immunodeficiency syndrome ranks among the global worrisome health indices. This study was aimed at determining the effect of social support on medication adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS attending the general out-patient clinic of Kogi State Specialist Hospital (KSSH), Kogi State. A 20-item perceived social support-family scale (PSS-Fa) was used to assess patient’s levels of perceived social support. The number of pills missed were counted and used to calculate their adherence percentage after 4 weeks of medication use. A Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-4) was used to strengthen measurement of adherence by pill counting. An association was sought between the mean scores and they were tested for statistical significance. A total of 153 patients were analysed. The largest number of participants was aged between 28 and 37 years. There was a statistically significant association between respondents perceived support and medication adherence (p<0.001). A statistically significant association was recorded between respondents’ social class and perceived social support (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant association between other socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, level of education, religion, place of domicile and ethnic groups) and perceived social support of respondents (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference association between family dynamics (marital status, type of marriage, family size and family income) and medication adherence of respondents (p<0.05). There was also no statistically significant association between respondents, family dynamics and perceived social support (p<0.05). A statistically significant association was found between respondents perceived social support and medication adherence. Social class was the predictor of perceived social support among respondents.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43105857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Asaolu, Gbadegesin O. Alawode, S. Ajike, Ololade O. Ogunsami, S. E. Ibitoye, Mustapha Bello, John O. Ibitoye, Adebusola Oyeyemi, Adeniyi A. Adeniran, Chisom Emeka, O. Obembe, Oladimeji Folorunsho-Ako, Olutayo Asaolu, A. Ugwu, Titus Ojewumi, Adekemi Asaolu, Olubunmi Ojelade, Olubayode Asaolu, Nannim Nalda, C. Agbede
Recent studies reveal that Youths living with HIV (YLHIV) enrolled in HIV treatment experience a higher rate of interruption in treatment, sub-optimal medication adherence, and greater HIV-related mortality compared with other age groups. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of text messaging on medication adherence and antiretroviral-therapy (ART) retention practices among YLHIV in Niger state, Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experimental design in two selected hospitals. One hospital was assigned to a once-weekly text message intervention (TMI) for six weeks, and the 2nd served as the control group (CG). Data were collected at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and at the sixth-week follow-up. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that between baseline and immediate post-intervention, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the mean score of knowledge, perception, medication-adherence, and ART retention practices (from 9.62±12.28 to 22.98±4.57; 32.21±30.01 to 79.04±4.13; 13.50±8.41 to 26.65±13.15; 6.62±3.53 to 15.15±2.42) but there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the CG (from 10.29±11.08 to 10.58±10.74, 34.81±25.15 to 35.81±24.80, 17.13±9.23 to 17.23±9.16, 9.00±5.59 to 9.00±5.59) respectively. Between baseline and 6th week follow-up, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) with a large effect size for knowledge (1.6), perception (2.2), medication-adherence (2.2) and ART retention practices (3.1) but no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the CG for all measures with an effect size of 0. The text messages intervention effectively influenced knowledge and perception of YLHIV, thereby improving treatment adherence practices. In addition, findings from this study can be used to design projects or interventions for scaling up the use of mobile phone text messaging to promote the adoption of health innovations and influence mHealth policy dialogue and review .
{"title":"Effect of text-messaging on treatment adherence practices among young people living with HIV in Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Asaolu, Gbadegesin O. Alawode, S. Ajike, Ololade O. Ogunsami, S. E. Ibitoye, Mustapha Bello, John O. Ibitoye, Adebusola Oyeyemi, Adeniyi A. Adeniran, Chisom Emeka, O. Obembe, Oladimeji Folorunsho-Ako, Olutayo Asaolu, A. Ugwu, Titus Ojewumi, Adekemi Asaolu, Olubunmi Ojelade, Olubayode Asaolu, Nannim Nalda, C. Agbede","doi":"10.5897/jahr2023.0559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2023.0559","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies reveal that Youths living with HIV (YLHIV) enrolled in HIV treatment experience a higher rate of interruption in treatment, sub-optimal medication adherence, and greater HIV-related mortality compared with other age groups. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of text messaging on medication adherence and antiretroviral-therapy (ART) retention practices among YLHIV in Niger state, Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experimental design in two selected hospitals. One hospital was assigned to a once-weekly text message intervention (TMI) for six weeks, and the 2nd served as the control group (CG). Data were collected at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and at the sixth-week follow-up. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that between baseline and immediate post-intervention, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the mean score of knowledge, perception, medication-adherence, and ART retention practices (from 9.62±12.28 to 22.98±4.57; 32.21±30.01 to 79.04±4.13; 13.50±8.41 to 26.65±13.15; 6.62±3.53 to 15.15±2.42) but there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the CG (from 10.29±11.08 to 10.58±10.74, 34.81±25.15 to 35.81±24.80, 17.13±9.23 to 17.23±9.16, 9.00±5.59 to 9.00±5.59) respectively. Between baseline and 6th week follow-up, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) with a large effect size for knowledge (1.6), perception (2.2), medication-adherence (2.2) and ART retention practices (3.1) but no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the CG for all measures with an effect size of 0. The text messages intervention effectively influenced knowledge and perception of YLHIV, thereby improving treatment adherence practices. In addition, findings from this study can be used to design projects or interventions for scaling up the use of mobile phone text messaging to promote the adoption of health innovations and influence mHealth policy dialogue and review .","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41583600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health communication campaigns along with the targeted social health indicator such as the at-risk group can make an impactful difference in preventive care and chronic disease health maintenance. The logistic regression technique is employed to examine if Rwanda’s health media campaign impacted household health behavior and whether this impact was influenced by literacy aptitude and current sexual health practices. Interactive effects of health campaigns were found on household sexual behavior among at-risk households in Rwanda. Tests on model validity and reliability favor the models and give statistically greater confidence in the results.
{"title":"AIDS health campaign impacts varies with sexual healthy practices and literacy aptitude","authors":"C. Ibrahima, Asirvatham Jebaraj","doi":"10.5897/jahr2022.0552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2022.0552","url":null,"abstract":"Health communication campaigns along with the targeted social health indicator such as the at-risk group can make an impactful difference in preventive care and chronic disease health maintenance. The logistic regression technique is employed to examine if Rwanda’s health media campaign impacted household health behavior and whether this impact was influenced by literacy aptitude and current sexual health practices. Interactive effects of health campaigns were found on household sexual behavior among at-risk households in Rwanda. Tests on model validity and reliability favor the models and give statistically greater confidence in the results.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45851266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olisaeloka Ebeogu, P. Nwani, Obiora Anaje, Nnamdi Morah, Godwin Edeh, C. Ogbuagu, L. Asomugha
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a neurotropic virus that is associated with cognitive, behavioral and motor deficits known as HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND). This was a prospective study aimed at determining the prevalence of cognitive impairment as well as comparing the performance of the HIV positive patients on a screening test, the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), and subtests drawn from a neuropsychological test battery - WHO/UCLA. The screening test and neuropsychological test battery were administered to HIV positive patients while the HIV negative patients had only the test battery administered to determine the mean score of each test domain. Neurocognitive impairment was defined using the cut-off score of 10 for the International HIV Dementia scale and Z scores greater than 1 SD in at least two domains of the neuropsychological test battery. The mean performance on each domain of the test battery was determined after administration to the HIV negative individuals. Ninety-two HIV positive patients (57 females and 35 males) and ninety-two age, sex and education matched HIV negative subjects (46 females and 46 males) were enrolled into the study. The median age and interquartile range were 33(26-39) and 35(27-46) for the HIV positive and negative participants respectively. The prevalence estimates of cognitive impairment determined by the IHDS and the test battery were 42.4 and 76.1%, respectively. The IHDS in this study was found to have a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 81% for HAND. Neurocognitive impairment still persists in the combination anti-retroviral therapy (CART) era and is better accessed using neuropsychological testing than with screening tests although the former is cumbersome and require expertise and patience on the part of the subjects.
{"title":"Utility of the international HIV dementia scale in the assessment of neurocognitive impairment amongst HIV patients in a Southeast Nigerian Tertiary Hospital: A comparative study","authors":"Olisaeloka Ebeogu, P. Nwani, Obiora Anaje, Nnamdi Morah, Godwin Edeh, C. Ogbuagu, L. Asomugha","doi":"10.5897/jahr2022.0555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2022.0555","url":null,"abstract":"The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a neurotropic virus that is associated with cognitive, behavioral and motor deficits known as HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND). This was a prospective study aimed at determining the prevalence of cognitive impairment as well as comparing the performance of the HIV positive patients on a screening test, the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), and subtests drawn from a neuropsychological test battery - WHO/UCLA. The screening test and neuropsychological test battery were administered to HIV positive patients while the HIV negative patients had only the test battery administered to determine the mean score of each test domain. Neurocognitive impairment was defined using the cut-off score of 10 for the International HIV Dementia scale and Z scores greater than 1 SD in at least two domains of the neuropsychological test battery. The mean performance on each domain of the test battery was determined after administration to the HIV negative individuals. Ninety-two HIV positive patients (57 females and 35 males) and ninety-two age, sex and education matched HIV negative subjects (46 females and 46 males) were enrolled into the study. The median age and interquartile range were 33(26-39) and 35(27-46) for the HIV positive and negative participants respectively. The prevalence estimates of cognitive impairment determined by the IHDS and the test battery were 42.4 and 76.1%, respectively. The IHDS in this study was found to have a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 81% for HAND. Neurocognitive impairment still persists in the combination anti-retroviral therapy (CART) era and is better accessed using neuropsychological testing than with screening tests although the former is cumbersome and require expertise and patience on the part of the subjects.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41626297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in marijuana use and associated attitudes and health behaviors among patients in HIV care in the U.S. in the post-legalization era: a qualitative study","authors":"Fr. Rob, Fitzsimmons Emma, Sigal Maksim, Dougherty Sarah, Pearce John, Powell Minh, Nguyen John, Ruderman Stephanie, Whitney Bridget, Drumright Lydia, M. Jimmy, Nance Robin, Mixson Sarah, Delaney Joseph, M. Kenneth, Willig Amanda, Crane Heidi, Hahn Andrew","doi":"10.5897/jahr2022.0553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2022.0553","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47639225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sagar R. Amin, Henna Patani, A. Sukhija-Cohen, S. Rivera, J. Klausner
As a relatively novel testing algorithm, the experience with 4th generation HIV testing and linkage to care outcomes is limited. The purpose of this study is to report descriptive outcomes regarding patients with acute HIV infection who received antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) reactive results and linkage to care services. HIV testing and linkage data from four AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Wellness Centers in Los Angeles County, CA were retrospectively reviewed from January 15, 2016 to May 26, 2018. Patients were screened using the INSTI® HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Antibody Test (bioLytical, Richmond, BC). A negative result reflexed to an HIV test on the Abbott Architect Ag/Ab Assay (Abbott Laboratories, Lake Bluff, IL). Out of the total 11,173 patient specimens processed on the Architect platform, 56 received preliminary reactive results and 42 returned for confirmatory viral load testing. Twenty-seven (64%) of the 42 patients were confirmed to be acutely infected with HIV. All 27 patients acutely infected with HIV were linked into care: 22 were linked into AHF’s primary care and the remaining five sought care with a primary care provider external to AHF. Despite low positivity, the 27 acutely HIV-infected patients would have otherwise been missed if the patients had only received the standard-of-care rapid antibody test. Curbing HIV incidence in the United States will require multiple innovative approaches. Detecting acute infections through 4th generation testing is one of the many valuable tools that organizations can utilize in the new decade. Key words: Acute HIV infection, testing algorithms, linkage to care, HIV antigen and antibody combination test, HIV antigen and antibody combination test, Abbott Architect.
{"title":"Acute human immunodeficiency testing and linkage to Care: An evaluation of community-based 4th generation antigen/antibody testing","authors":"Sagar R. Amin, Henna Patani, A. Sukhija-Cohen, S. Rivera, J. Klausner","doi":"10.5897/JAHR2021.0530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JAHR2021.0530","url":null,"abstract":"As a relatively novel testing algorithm, the experience with 4th generation HIV testing and linkage to care outcomes is limited. The purpose of this study is to report descriptive outcomes regarding patients with acute HIV infection who received antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) reactive results and linkage to care services. HIV testing and linkage data from four AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Wellness Centers in Los Angeles County, CA were retrospectively reviewed from January 15, 2016 to May 26, 2018. Patients were screened using the INSTI® HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Antibody Test (bioLytical, Richmond, BC). A negative result reflexed to an HIV test on the Abbott Architect Ag/Ab Assay (Abbott Laboratories, Lake Bluff, IL). Out of the total 11,173 patient specimens processed on the Architect platform, 56 received preliminary reactive results and 42 returned for confirmatory viral load testing. Twenty-seven (64%) of the 42 patients were confirmed to be acutely infected with HIV. All 27 patients acutely infected with HIV were linked into care: 22 were linked into AHF’s primary care and the remaining five sought care with a primary care provider external to AHF. Despite low positivity, the 27 acutely HIV-infected patients would have otherwise been missed if the patients had only received the standard-of-care rapid antibody test. Curbing HIV incidence in the United States will require multiple innovative approaches. Detecting acute infections through 4th generation testing is one of the many valuable tools that organizations can utilize in the new decade. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Acute HIV infection, testing algorithms, linkage to care, HIV antigen and antibody combination test, HIV antigen and antibody combination test, Abbott Architect.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":"13 1","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43445709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Furtado, Tina Madsen, Thomas Engell-Sørensen, A. Balde, C. Medina, S. Jespersen, D. N. Rasmussen, M. Sodemann, B. Hønge
Clinic absence or lost to follow-up is still a big challenge in West Africa, especially in Guinea-Bissau, where retention in care is lower compared to all other low- or middle-income countries. The study aims to explore the reasons for clinic absence among HIV-infected patients in Guinea-Bissau, and to evaluate whether the telephone tracing is associated with patients returning to clinic follow-up. A prospective cohort analysis was conducted. Data were collected through telephone calls in which patients or their contact persons were asked for reasons for non-attendance. A total of 3,668 patients, who had been considered as clinic absent were enrolled in this study; 1,883 (51.3%) on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 1,785 (48.7%) without ART. The median time between patients last clinic visit to time of calling was 203 days (interquartile range (IQR) 59 - 360 days). 748 (20.4%) patients and additional 364 (9.9%) contact persons were successfully reached. Reasons for clinic absence included traveling 346 (31.1%), death 211 (19.0%), and still having medicine 186 (16.7%). After tracing, 555 (49.9%) of the traced patients returned to the clinic. Nineteen percent of the absent HIV-infected patients had died by the time of calling, underscoring the need to improve patient follow-up in Guinea-Bissau. Telephone calls provide an important tool to address reasons for clinic absence and may lead to patients returning to clinical follow-up. Key words: Clinic Absence, Loss to follow-up, Return, HIV, ART, Telephone, Sub Saharan Africa.
{"title":"Investigating reasons for clinic absence among HIV-infected patients in Guinea-Bissau - a cohort study","authors":"A. Furtado, Tina Madsen, Thomas Engell-Sørensen, A. Balde, C. Medina, S. Jespersen, D. N. Rasmussen, M. Sodemann, B. Hønge","doi":"10.5897/JAHR2020.0521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JAHR2020.0521","url":null,"abstract":"Clinic absence or lost to follow-up is still a big challenge in West Africa, especially in Guinea-Bissau, where retention in care is lower compared to all other low- or middle-income countries. The study aims to explore the reasons for clinic absence among HIV-infected patients in Guinea-Bissau, and to evaluate whether the telephone tracing is associated with patients returning to clinic follow-up. A prospective cohort analysis was conducted. Data were collected through telephone calls in which patients or their contact persons were asked for reasons for non-attendance. A total of 3,668 patients, who had been considered as clinic absent were enrolled in this study; 1,883 (51.3%) on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 1,785 (48.7%) without ART. The median time between patients last clinic visit to time of calling was 203 days (interquartile range (IQR) 59 - 360 days). 748 (20.4%) patients and additional 364 (9.9%) contact persons were successfully reached. Reasons for clinic absence included traveling 346 (31.1%), death 211 (19.0%), and still having medicine 186 (16.7%). After tracing, 555 (49.9%) of the traced patients returned to the clinic. Nineteen percent of the absent HIV-infected patients had died by the time of calling, underscoring the need to improve patient follow-up in Guinea-Bissau. Telephone calls provide an important tool to address reasons for clinic absence and may lead to patients returning to clinical follow-up. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Clinic Absence, Loss to follow-up, Return, HIV, ART, Telephone, Sub Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":"13 1","pages":"8-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49108774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the achievements of Anti-retroviral Treatment (ART) scale-up programmes for HIV/AIDS, retention remains a challenge. Achievements of the “90-90-90” HIV targets for the sustainable development goals hinges on adherence. Despite the importance of indefinite retention of patients in care, 33% of HIV patients in Cameroon are still lost-to-follow-up, thereby compromising scale-up initiatives. This study analyses data of patients on ART in Treatment Centres (TCs) and the associated loss-to-follow-up factors and proposes measures to address them. This research was a retrospective analysis of data from selected HIV/AIDS TCs. After obtaining consent, questionnaires were filled by participating TCs. Collected data were analysed using SPSS and figures were expressed as bar charts, and histograms. Five out of seven TCs participated, giving a participation rate of 71.4%. Of the 12,165 patients, 11,852 (97.4%) were adults (28.0% males and 69.4% females) while 313 (2.6%) were children. A total of 232 (1.9%) were lost-to-follow-up and 38 died within six to twelve months. Possible causes of loss-to-follow-up included poor treatment and adherence counselling, ignorance, stigmatisation, financial hardship and traditional and religious beliefs. All TCs reported transfer into and out of their centre, caused by distance, nature of job, and overcrowding. Concerns of attrition rates throughout the continuum of care from diagnosis to long-term retention are corroborated by other studies. Such attrition compromises gains from ART scale-up, leading to poorer health outcomes and wastage of limited resources. Therefore, instituting sustained counselling and education services, addressing social determinants and building on social support factors provide measures to improve retention Key words: Retention, anti-retroviral therapy, treatment, loss-to-follow-up.
{"title":"Patient retention on anti-retroviral therapy (ART): Experience of treatment centres (TCs) in Yaounde, Cameroon","authors":"M. Denis, Shey Budi Ernest","doi":"10.5897/JAHR2020.0515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JAHR2020.0515","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the achievements of Anti-retroviral Treatment (ART) scale-up programmes for HIV/AIDS, retention remains a challenge. Achievements of the “90-90-90” HIV targets for the sustainable development goals hinges on adherence. Despite the importance of indefinite retention of patients in care, 33% of HIV patients in Cameroon are still lost-to-follow-up, thereby compromising scale-up initiatives. This study analyses data of patients on ART in Treatment Centres (TCs) and the associated loss-to-follow-up factors and proposes measures to address them. This research was a retrospective analysis of data from selected HIV/AIDS TCs. After obtaining consent, questionnaires were filled by participating TCs. Collected data were analysed using SPSS and figures were expressed as bar charts, and histograms. Five out of seven TCs participated, giving a participation rate of 71.4%. Of the 12,165 patients, 11,852 (97.4%) were adults (28.0% males and 69.4% females) while 313 (2.6%) were children. A total of 232 (1.9%) were lost-to-follow-up and 38 died within six to twelve months. Possible causes of loss-to-follow-up included poor treatment and adherence counselling, ignorance, stigmatisation, financial hardship and traditional and religious beliefs. All TCs reported transfer into and out of their centre, caused by distance, nature of job, and overcrowding. Concerns of attrition rates throughout the continuum of care from diagnosis to long-term retention are corroborated by other studies. Such attrition compromises gains from ART scale-up, leading to poorer health outcomes and wastage of limited resources. Therefore, instituting sustained counselling and education services, addressing social determinants and building on social support factors provide measures to improve retention \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Retention, anti-retroviral therapy, treatment, loss-to-follow-up.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44548085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Oluwatosin, Alau Kenneth, Chika-Igbokwe Salome, N. Paul, Adu Rosemary, Odeh Roselyn, Wudiri Kucheli, M. Halima, Onota Aishatu, Nnamdi Obed, Igbene Patricia, Idogho Omokhudu, A. Jennifer, Omoregie Godpower
There has been improvement in the control of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. The 2018 national prevalence was 1.4%, a decline from previous surveys. The gains are however not uniform; a gap still exists in the response to key populations (KP) due to socio-cultural barriers and unfavourable legislative environment. The demographic correlates of HIV among KP in Nigeria were examined. Society for Family Health provided HIV Testing services for KP and data from the intervention between 2019 and 2020 was analysed using SPSS version 20. Total of 132,838 were tested, 88.4% were 20-39 years, 65.6% were females and 63.5% were female sex workers (FSW). HIV positive KP were 7,962 (6.0% prevalence), prevalence of HIV was high among those ≥40 years, KP identified as males and men who have sex with men (MSM; p<0.001). Old age (aOR=0.82, 95%CI=0.73 – 0.92), male KP (aOR=1.17, 95%CI=1.11 – 1.22), and MSM (aOR=0.64, 95%CI=0.61 – 0.67) were predictors of HIV positivity. Stakeholders should rethink priorities and strategies in addressing HIV epidemic in the country.
{"title":"Correlates of HIV prevalence among key population in Nigeria","authors":"A. Oluwatosin, Alau Kenneth, Chika-Igbokwe Salome, N. Paul, Adu Rosemary, Odeh Roselyn, Wudiri Kucheli, M. Halima, Onota Aishatu, Nnamdi Obed, Igbene Patricia, Idogho Omokhudu, A. Jennifer, Omoregie Godpower","doi":"10.5897/jahr2021.0536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2021.0536","url":null,"abstract":"There has been improvement in the control of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. The 2018 national prevalence was 1.4%, a decline from previous surveys. The gains are however not uniform; a gap still exists in the response to key populations (KP) due to socio-cultural barriers and unfavourable legislative environment. The demographic correlates of HIV among KP in Nigeria were examined. Society for Family Health provided HIV Testing services for KP and data from the intervention between 2019 and 2020 was analysed using SPSS version 20. Total of 132,838 were tested, 88.4% were 20-39 years, 65.6% were females and 63.5% were female sex workers (FSW). HIV positive KP were 7,962 (6.0% prevalence), prevalence of HIV was high among those ≥40 years, KP identified as males and men who have sex with men (MSM; p<0.001). Old age (aOR=0.82, 95%CI=0.73 – 0.92), male KP (aOR=1.17, 95%CI=1.11 – 1.22), and MSM (aOR=0.64, 95%CI=0.61 – 0.67) were predictors of HIV positivity. Stakeholders should rethink priorities and strategies in addressing HIV epidemic in the country.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71135382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tenofovir-based regimen is the preferred first line treatment in Ethiopia despite limited local data on its effectiveness and tolerability over zidovudine-based regimen. Therefore, this study compared the outcomes of tenofovir and zidovudine-based regimens focusing on toxicity driven regimen substitution and mortality. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Zewditu Memorial Hospital. All ART naive patients who started ART between August 31, 2010, and August 31, 2013, were included. Data were collected by reviewing of patient’s medical records. Kaplan-Meier test and Cox regression analysis were used to compare survival for toxicity driven substitution and mortality, and to identify the independent predictors respectively. A total of 223 patients were included in this study, among which 164 (73.5%) TDF and 59 (26.6%) AZT-based regimens. A total of 71 (31.8%) primary outcomes such as toxicity driven regimen substitution, mortality, and lost to follow-up were observed, 48(29.3%) among TDF and 23(39.0%) in AZT-based regimens. The risk of toxicity driven regimen substitution was more than five times higher in AZT than TDF group (AHR=5.07, p=0.013). The estimated cumulative mortality at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months was 6, 9, 9 and 9% in TDF group whereas it was 9, 13, 13, and 13% in AZT group. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality and regimen failure between TDF and AZT groups. TDF-based regimen has superior outcome and better survival for toxicity driven regimen change than AZT-based regimen. This study finding supports recommendation of TDF-based regimen as preferred first-line ART. Key words: antiretroviral therapy (ART), Tenofovir (TDF), Zidovudine (AZT), toxicity driven regimen substitution, Survival.
{"title":"Treatment outcomes of tenofovir versus zidovudine-based first-line antiretroviral therapy regimens at Zewditu Memorial Hospital: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Abel Terefe, Mamo Feyissa, W. Shibeshi","doi":"10.5897/jahr2020.0512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jahr2020.0512","url":null,"abstract":"Tenofovir-based regimen is the preferred first line treatment in Ethiopia despite limited local data on its effectiveness and tolerability over zidovudine-based regimen. Therefore, this study compared the outcomes of tenofovir and zidovudine-based regimens focusing on toxicity driven regimen substitution and mortality. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Zewditu Memorial Hospital. All ART naive patients who started ART between August 31, 2010, and August 31, 2013, were included. Data were collected by reviewing of patient’s medical records. Kaplan-Meier test and Cox regression analysis were used to compare survival for toxicity driven substitution and mortality, and to identify the independent predictors respectively. A total of 223 patients were included in this study, among which 164 (73.5%) TDF and 59 (26.6%) AZT-based regimens. A total of 71 (31.8%) primary outcomes such as toxicity driven regimen substitution, mortality, and lost to follow-up were observed, 48(29.3%) among TDF and 23(39.0%) in AZT-based regimens. The risk of toxicity driven regimen substitution was more than five times higher in AZT than TDF group (AHR=5.07, p=0.013). The estimated cumulative mortality at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months was 6, 9, 9 and 9% in TDF group whereas it was 9, 13, 13, and 13% in AZT group. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality and regimen failure between TDF and AZT groups. TDF-based regimen has superior outcome and better survival for toxicity driven regimen change than AZT-based regimen. This study finding supports recommendation of TDF-based regimen as preferred first-line ART. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: antiretroviral therapy (ART), Tenofovir (TDF), Zidovudine (AZT), toxicity driven regimen substitution, Survival.","PeriodicalId":73590,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online)","volume":"12 1","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/jahr2020.0512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41561859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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