Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad6b7b
Nilam Cahyati, Mona Sari, Yusril Yusuf
In this work, a carbonated hydroxyapatite/honeycomb/polyethylene oxide (CHA/HCB/PEO) scaffold was fabricated using the freeze-drying method. The CHA bioceramic component was synthesized from oyster shells using the precipitation method. HCB and PEO act as reinforcing materials that influence the physicochemical properties of the scaffold and as antibacterial agents on the scaffold. The CHA produced was B-type, confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD) spectra of the CHA. FTIR analysis of the scaffold demonstrated the presence of functional group vibrations originating from PEO and HCB, affirming the successful application of the freeze-drying method, which preserved the polymer content within the scaffold during the evaporation process, thus facilitating pore formation. The XRD results show that a lower CHA concentration is associated with a smaller size of the scaffold crystallites, potentially inducing dislocations favorable for cellular proliferation. The porosity of the formed scaffold is in the ideal range of >60% with CHA concentration of 5 and 10 wt%. The size of the pores that formed on the scaffold was 3–69 μm, classifying them within the micropore category. The in vitro test results in the form of an antibacterial test revealed that the scaffold could inhibit S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. Notably, a scaffold consisting of 10 wt% of CHA had a larger zone of inhibition diameter, 10.083 ± 0.104 for S. aureus and 10.517 ± 0.247 mm for E. coli. The MTT assay and cell morphology MC3T3E1 results in the scaffold show that the CHA/HCB/PEO scaffold is non-cytotoxic and can facilitate cells to attach and proliferate. The cell viability of the scaffold was 96.23% at the concentration of 31.25 μg ml−1, and the IC50 value was at 16144 μg ml−1. Therefore, CHA/HCB/PEO composites can be an alternative material in scaffold fabrication for bone tissue engineering.
{"title":"Biological and physicochemical characterization of carbonated hydroxyapatite-honeycomb-polyethylene oxide bone scaffold fabricated using the freeze-drying method","authors":"Nilam Cahyati, Mona Sari, Yusril Yusuf","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad6b7b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad6b7b","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a carbonated hydroxyapatite/honeycomb/polyethylene oxide (CHA/HCB/PEO) scaffold was fabricated using the freeze-drying method. The CHA bioceramic component was synthesized from oyster shells using the precipitation method. HCB and PEO act as reinforcing materials that influence the physicochemical properties of the scaffold and as antibacterial agents on the scaffold. The CHA produced was B-type, confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD) spectra of the CHA. FTIR analysis of the scaffold demonstrated the presence of functional group vibrations originating from PEO and HCB, affirming the successful application of the freeze-drying method, which preserved the polymer content within the scaffold during the evaporation process, thus facilitating pore formation. The XRD results show that a lower CHA concentration is associated with a smaller size of the scaffold crystallites, potentially inducing dislocations favorable for cellular proliferation. The porosity of the formed scaffold is in the ideal range of >60% with CHA concentration of 5 and 10 wt%. The size of the pores that formed on the scaffold was 3–69 μm, classifying them within the micropore category. The <italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro</italic> test results in the form of an antibacterial test revealed that the scaffold could inhibit <italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus</italic> and <italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli</italic> bacteria. Notably, a scaffold consisting of 10 wt% of CHA had a larger zone of inhibition diameter, 10.083 ± 0.104 for <italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus</italic> and 10.517 ± 0.247 mm for <italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli</italic>. The MTT assay and cell morphology MC3T3E1 results in the scaffold show that the CHA/HCB/PEO scaffold is non-cytotoxic and can facilitate cells to attach and proliferate. The cell viability of the scaffold was 96.23% at the concentration of 31.25 μg ml<sup>−1</sup>, and the IC<sub>50</sub> value was at 16144 μg ml<sup>−1</sup>. Therefore, CHA/HCB/PEO composites can be an alternative material in scaffold fabrication for bone tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"409 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad6c0b
A S El-Houssiny, E A Fouad
In recent years, skin and soft-tissue infections, particularly due to multidrug resistance bacteria (MDR) are generating a serious health crisis to human health. Thus, the current investigation tried to find new promising alternatives such as herbal therapy and biopolymer nanotechnology to combat MDR microbes. Apricot kernels extract was prepared and its amygdalin content was determined by HPLC analysis. Carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (CMC NPs) encapsulated with amygdalin extract (Am ext) were synthesized and characterized through their morphology, particle size, zeta potential and thermal analysis. The antibacterial activity of Am ext, CMC NPs and CMC-Am ext NPs were evaluated against MDR bacteria. Moreover, to confirm the antibacterial action of the samples, bacterial DNA fragmentation analysis was performed. Furthermore, the cyanide ions released from bacterial breakdown of amygdalin was confirmed using Nanocolor Cyanide 08 Test 0–31 kits. The HPLC analysis indicated that amygdalin extracted efficiently from the apricot kernels. The CMC-Am ext NPs exhibited spherical shaped and mono dispersed particles of size 28 nm; physical stability and thermal compatibility. Additionally, CMC-Am ext NPs have significant antibacterial action on all MDR microbes in synergy with Am ext. Moreover, the results confirmed that the cyanide ions were released from amygdalin breakdown by the action of bacteria. Furthermore, the DNA fragmentation analysis confirmed that both Am ext and its nano-encapsulated form caused bacterial cell death by inducing DNA damage. Therefore, these findings demonstrate CMC-Am ext NPs as a novel potential therapeutic agent which can be used as an alternative to the current antibiotics against MDR bacteria.
近年来，皮肤和软组织感染，尤其是由多重耐药菌（MDR）引起的感染，正在给人类健康带来严重的健康危机。因此，目前的研究试图寻找新的有前途的替代方法，如草药疗法和生物聚合物纳米技术来对抗 MDR 微生物。研究人员制备了杏核提取物，并通过高效液相色谱分析测定了其中的杏仁苷含量。合成了包裹杏仁苷提取物（Am ext）的羧甲基壳聚糖纳米颗粒（CMC NPs），并通过形态、粒度、ZETA电位和热分析对其进行了表征。评估了 Am ext、CMC NPs 和 CMC-Am ext NPs 对 MDR 细菌的抗菌活性。此外，为了证实样品的抗菌作用，还进行了细菌 DNA 片段分析。此外，还使用 Nanocolor Cyanide 08 Test 0-31 试剂盒确认了细菌分解苦杏仁苷释放出的氰离子。高效液相色谱分析表明，杏仁苷能从杏核中有效提取。CMC-Am ext NPs 呈球形，单分散颗粒大小为 28 nm，具有物理稳定性和热相容性。此外，CMC-Am ext NPs 与 Am ext 协同作用，对所有 MDR 微生物都有显著的抗菌作用。此外，DNA 片段分析证实，Am ext 及其纳米包囊形式都通过诱导 DNA 损伤导致细菌细胞死亡。因此，这些研究结果证明了 CMC-Am ext NPs 是一种新型的潜在治疗剂，可作为现有抗生素的替代品来对付 MDR 细菌。
{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of apricot kernel extract loaded carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles against multidrug resistant wound-skin infection bacteria","authors":"A S El-Houssiny, E A Fouad","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad6c0b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad6c0b","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, skin and soft-tissue infections, particularly due to multidrug resistance bacteria (MDR) are generating a serious health crisis to human health. Thus, the current investigation tried to find new promising alternatives such as herbal therapy and biopolymer nanotechnology to combat MDR microbes. Apricot kernels extract was prepared and its amygdalin content was determined by HPLC analysis. Carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (CMC NPs) encapsulated with amygdalin extract (Am ext) were synthesized and characterized through their morphology, particle size, zeta potential and thermal analysis. The antibacterial activity of Am ext, CMC NPs and CMC-Am ext NPs were evaluated against MDR bacteria. Moreover, to confirm the antibacterial action of the samples, bacterial DNA fragmentation analysis was performed. Furthermore, the cyanide ions released from bacterial breakdown of amygdalin was confirmed using Nanocolor Cyanide 08 Test 0–31 kits. The HPLC analysis indicated that amygdalin extracted efficiently from the apricot kernels. The CMC-Am ext NPs exhibited spherical shaped and mono dispersed particles of size 28 nm; physical stability and thermal compatibility. Additionally, CMC-Am ext NPs have significant antibacterial action on all MDR microbes in synergy with Am ext. Moreover, the results confirmed that the cyanide ions were released from amygdalin breakdown by the action of bacteria. Furthermore, the DNA fragmentation analysis confirmed that both Am ext and its nano-encapsulated form caused bacterial cell death by inducing DNA damage. Therefore, these findings demonstrate CMC-Am ext NPs as a novel potential therapeutic agent which can be used as an alternative to the current antibiotics against MDR bacteria.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-30DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad2c7c
Bui Thi Hang and Nguyen Thi Lan
The effect of various carbon nanofibers (CNF) on the electrochemical properties of iron/carbon (Fe/C) composite electrodes has been investigated to find a suitable carbon additive for iron-based battery anode. The structure and characteristics of carbon such as particle size, surface area strongly affected the cycling performance of Fe/C composite electrode. Different types of CNF structures (herringbone and tubular) have been investigated and tubular type exhibited higher discharge capacity. The x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that iron species are dispersed on carbon surface during cycling, which may improve the electrochemical properties of the Fe/C composite electrodes. The aggregation of iron species into large particles on the carbon surface via dissolution-deposition process during cycling increased the resistance of the Fe/C electrode. This phenomenon caused the reduced redox current and discharge capacity of electrode during cycling. The electrochemical active material type and their particle size also influenced the cycling performance of electrode. When Fe was replaced by Fe2O3, the Fe2O3/C composite electrode provided larger capacity than Fe/C composite electrode. The discharge capacity of nano-Fe2O3/tubular CNF composite electrode was larger than that of micro-Fe2O3/tubular CNF composite electrode.
{"title":"Iron-carbon based materials as negative electrode for energy storage devices","authors":"Bui Thi Hang and Nguyen Thi Lan","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad2c7c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad2c7c","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of various carbon nanofibers (CNF) on the electrochemical properties of iron/carbon (Fe/C) composite electrodes has been investigated to find a suitable carbon additive for iron-based battery anode. The structure and characteristics of carbon such as particle size, surface area strongly affected the cycling performance of Fe/C composite electrode. Different types of CNF structures (herringbone and tubular) have been investigated and tubular type exhibited higher discharge capacity. The x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that iron species are dispersed on carbon surface during cycling, which may improve the electrochemical properties of the Fe/C composite electrodes. The aggregation of iron species into large particles on the carbon surface via dissolution-deposition process during cycling increased the resistance of the Fe/C electrode. This phenomenon caused the reduced redox current and discharge capacity of electrode during cycling. The electrochemical active material type and their particle size also influenced the cycling performance of electrode. When Fe was replaced by Fe2O3, the Fe2O3/C composite electrode provided larger capacity than Fe/C composite electrode. The discharge capacity of nano-Fe2O3/tubular CNF composite electrode was larger than that of micro-Fe2O3/tubular CNF composite electrode.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant pests pose a significant threat to agricultural crops, requiring the use of pesticides for effective and large-scale production. With increasing concerns about environmental and health risks, as well as potential resistance to synthetic pesticides, there is a growing need for sustainable and effective alternatives. Nanocomposites (NCs) offer a promising solution due to their unique properties such as biodegradability, affordability and accessibility. The development of novel NCs improves the management of plant pests, mitigating the emergence of resistant and persistent pests and the loss of crop production due to the damage they cause. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the relevant literature in this field, focusing on the applications and modes of action of NC-based pesticides in agriculture. By synthesising the available information, this paper provides valuable insights into the value and potential of NCs in crop protection. The results of this review are intended to inform researchers and agricultural practitioners about the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of NC-based pesticides, ultimately facilitating the development of sustainable and efficient crop pest management strategies.
{"title":"Nanocomposites in agriculture as pesticides for plant protection: a review","authors":"Roohallah Saberi Riseh, Masoumeh Vatankhah, Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi, Elahe Tamanadar and Yury Skorik","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad4bad","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad4bad","url":null,"abstract":"Plant pests pose a significant threat to agricultural crops, requiring the use of pesticides for effective and large-scale production. With increasing concerns about environmental and health risks, as well as potential resistance to synthetic pesticides, there is a growing need for sustainable and effective alternatives. Nanocomposites (NCs) offer a promising solution due to their unique properties such as biodegradability, affordability and accessibility. The development of novel NCs improves the management of plant pests, mitigating the emergence of resistant and persistent pests and the loss of crop production due to the damage they cause. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the relevant literature in this field, focusing on the applications and modes of action of NC-based pesticides in agriculture. By synthesising the available information, this paper provides valuable insights into the value and potential of NCs in crop protection. The results of this review are intended to inform researchers and agricultural practitioners about the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of NC-based pesticides, ultimately facilitating the development of sustainable and efficient crop pest management strategies.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad4baf
P Vengatesh Priya and J Jeyasundari
In the present investigation, in situ green reduction approach is used to uniformly decorate the Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) on the surface of acid functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The adsorbed Terminalia catappa aqueous leaf extract biopolymers on the surface of MWCNTs can increase the in situ reduction of Ag, Au ions to Ag-Au BNPs and stabilise them which can operate as a capper/stabiliser and reductant agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV–visible spectroscopy techniques were employed to examine the structures, morphologies, composition, chemical bonds and optical properties of the functionalised MWCNTs and the nanohybrid. The results revealed that the spherical T.C-Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticle with average size 12.4 nm was uniformly distributed on the surface of modified MWCNTs. Finally, evaluation of the catalytic activity of the T.C-Ag-Au BNPs decorated MWCNTs exhibited excellent catalytic performance for completing the reduction of 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) and degradation of alizarin red (AR) dye at ambient temperature with a great rate constant and the degradation efficiency of 98.7% and 96.4%, respectively. The order of reaction, rate constant, half-life and mechanism of catalytic activity of the T.C-Ag-Au BNPs@COOH-MWCNTs nanohybrid were calculated using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The catalyst can be retained and reapplied eight times without affecting its catalytic performance. The interaction between T.C-Ag-Au BNPs and MWCNTs has a synergistic effect, which is accountable for the enhanced catalytic activity.
{"title":"Recyclable Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles supported on acid functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes for effective catalytic applications","authors":"P Vengatesh Priya and J Jeyasundari","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad4baf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad4baf","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, in situ green reduction approach is used to uniformly decorate the Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) on the surface of acid functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The adsorbed Terminalia catappa aqueous leaf extract biopolymers on the surface of MWCNTs can increase the in situ reduction of Ag, Au ions to Ag-Au BNPs and stabilise them which can operate as a capper/stabiliser and reductant agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV–visible spectroscopy techniques were employed to examine the structures, morphologies, composition, chemical bonds and optical properties of the functionalised MWCNTs and the nanohybrid. The results revealed that the spherical T.C-Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticle with average size 12.4 nm was uniformly distributed on the surface of modified MWCNTs. Finally, evaluation of the catalytic activity of the T.C-Ag-Au BNPs decorated MWCNTs exhibited excellent catalytic performance for completing the reduction of 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) and degradation of alizarin red (AR) dye at ambient temperature with a great rate constant and the degradation efficiency of 98.7% and 96.4%, respectively. The order of reaction, rate constant, half-life and mechanism of catalytic activity of the T.C-Ag-Au BNPs@COOH-MWCNTs nanohybrid were calculated using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The catalyst can be retained and reapplied eight times without affecting its catalytic performance. The interaction between T.C-Ag-Au BNPs and MWCNTs has a synergistic effect, which is accountable for the enhanced catalytic activity.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad4bb0
Krittiya Singcharoen, Ratthapol Rangkupan, Soontree Khuntong and Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong
The present study delves into the production of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) utilising electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats, with a specific focus on the influence of oxidative stabilisation and carbonisation treatments. This research aims to thoroughly understand how variations in stabilisation time and temperature, as well as carbonisation temperature, impact the CNFs properties. These properties include fiber size, morphology, chemical and crystal structure transformation, thermal behaviour, and surface characteristics. Our methodology involved a detailed examination of the thermal treatment processes, where we observed a significant decrease in fiber size, though the surface morphology of the fibers remained largely unaffected. We employed Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to track the transformation of nitrile groups in PAN to imine groups, which indicated the progression of cyclisation reactions. Complementary analyses through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed a high degree of these reactions, particularly at stabilisation temperatures extending to 250 °C and beyond. The cyclisation process was found to be complete during the carbonisation phase, at temperatures reaching 450 °C and above. Further, x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns offered insight into the changes in the crystal structure, particularly in the packing of the d(002) spacing because of the stabilisation and carbonisation processes. This findings from this study not only elucidate the intricate process of CNFs production from electrospun PAN nanofiber mats but also highlight the critical factors that influence their final properties. These insights are invaluable for the development of advanced CNFs with tailored properties suitable for a range of applications, including but not limited to energy storage, electronics, and as supporting materials in various technological domains.
本研究深入探讨了利用电纺聚丙烯腈（PAN）纳米纤维毡生产碳纳米纤维（CNFs）的过程，重点关注氧化稳定和碳化处理的影响。这项研究旨在深入了解稳定时间和温度以及碳化温度的变化如何影响 CNFs 的特性。这些特性包括纤维尺寸、形态、化学和晶体结构转变、热行为和表面特征。我们的方法包括对热处理过程进行详细检查，我们观察到纤维尺寸显著减小，但纤维的表面形态基本未受影响。我们采用傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱跟踪 PAN 中腈基转变为亚胺基的过程，这表明了环化反应的进展。通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）进行的补充分析证实了这些反应的高度，尤其是在稳定温度达到 250 °C 或更高时。在碳化阶段，当温度达到 450 ℃ 或更高时，循环过程就完成了。此外，X 射线衍射 (XRD) 图样还有助于深入了解晶体结构的变化，特别是稳定化和碳化过程导致的 d(002) 间距的堆积变化。这项研究的发现不仅阐明了从电纺 PAN 纳米纤维毡生产 CNFs 的复杂过程，还强调了影响其最终特性的关键因素。这些见解对于开发具有量身定制特性的先进 CNFs 非常有价值，这些 CNFs 适合于各种应用，包括但不限于能源存储、电子以及各种技术领域的辅助材料。
{"title":"Effect of stabilization and carbonization treatment on the chemical and physical transformation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based electrospun carbon nanofibers","authors":"Krittiya Singcharoen, Ratthapol Rangkupan, Soontree Khuntong and Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad4bb0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad4bb0","url":null,"abstract":"The present study delves into the production of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) utilising electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats, with a specific focus on the influence of oxidative stabilisation and carbonisation treatments. This research aims to thoroughly understand how variations in stabilisation time and temperature, as well as carbonisation temperature, impact the CNFs properties. These properties include fiber size, morphology, chemical and crystal structure transformation, thermal behaviour, and surface characteristics. Our methodology involved a detailed examination of the thermal treatment processes, where we observed a significant decrease in fiber size, though the surface morphology of the fibers remained largely unaffected. We employed Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to track the transformation of nitrile groups in PAN to imine groups, which indicated the progression of cyclisation reactions. Complementary analyses through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed a high degree of these reactions, particularly at stabilisation temperatures extending to 250 °C and beyond. The cyclisation process was found to be complete during the carbonisation phase, at temperatures reaching 450 °C and above. Further, x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns offered insight into the changes in the crystal structure, particularly in the packing of the d(002) spacing because of the stabilisation and carbonisation processes. This findings from this study not only elucidate the intricate process of CNFs production from electrospun PAN nanofiber mats but also highlight the critical factors that influence their final properties. These insights are invaluable for the development of advanced CNFs with tailored properties suitable for a range of applications, including but not limited to energy storage, electronics, and as supporting materials in various technological domains.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad4852
A J Anjusha, M Ashraf, M Pandi, S Dhanapandian and N Krishnakumar
Graphene-based fluorescent materials, particularly graphene quantum dots (GQDs), have emerged as a new class of biomedical agents. In the present study, functionalised GQDs have a better chance of being employed in a broader range of bioapplications because of their proven low toxicity, outstanding biocompatibility, and enhanced fluorescence properties. For this purpose, amino-functionalised GQDs (AF-GQDs) were synthesised via hydrothermal treatment by treating graphene oxide in ammonia with heat and water. The as-prepared AF-GQDs samples were characterised using a variety of techniques, including x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results show that AF-GQDs are merely hexagonal, with an average size of about 8 nm. Also, AF-GQDs are highly soluble in water and display excellent luminescence behaviour. After 48 h of incubation, the MTT results showed that more than 63% of the cells were still alive, even at high concentrations (500 g ml−1) of AF-GQDs. In addition, the AO/EB staining results also showed that the AF-GQDs had the most robust green fluorescence (viable cells). This makes them a promising agent for biomedical imaging because they have good optical properties, are readily soluble in water, are biocompatible, and are not toxic.
{"title":"Amino-functionalized graphene quantum dots as a photoluminescent probe for in vitro cellular imaging of human lung cancer cell lines","authors":"A J Anjusha, M Ashraf, M Pandi, S Dhanapandian and N Krishnakumar","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad4852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad4852","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene-based fluorescent materials, particularly graphene quantum dots (GQDs), have emerged as a new class of biomedical agents. In the present study, functionalised GQDs have a better chance of being employed in a broader range of bioapplications because of their proven low toxicity, outstanding biocompatibility, and enhanced fluorescence properties. For this purpose, amino-functionalised GQDs (AF-GQDs) were synthesised via hydrothermal treatment by treating graphene oxide in ammonia with heat and water. The as-prepared AF-GQDs samples were characterised using a variety of techniques, including x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results show that AF-GQDs are merely hexagonal, with an average size of about 8 nm. Also, AF-GQDs are highly soluble in water and display excellent luminescence behaviour. After 48 h of incubation, the MTT results showed that more than 63% of the cells were still alive, even at high concentrations (500 g ml−1) of AF-GQDs. In addition, the AO/EB staining results also showed that the AF-GQDs had the most robust green fluorescence (viable cells). This makes them a promising agent for biomedical imaging because they have good optical properties, are readily soluble in water, are biocompatible, and are not toxic.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad47e6
Duc Toan Nguyen, Thi Minh Huyen Nguyen, Thi Thuy Nguyen, Thi Bich Ngoc Nguyen, Trong Nghia Nguyen, Minh Hue Nguyen and Thi Ha Lien Nghiem
The stability of silver nanoparticles at average sizes of 10 nm, 30 nm, and 50 nm with polyvinylpyrrolidone stabiliser was evaluated in a medium with high chloride ion concentration. The antibacterial activity of these silver nanoparticles against marine cholera Vibrio parahaemolyticus was studied and compared with ionic Ag+ and a bactericidal agent, Benzalkonium chloride. The results show that the smaller the silver nanoparticles, the higher the stability, and the higher the antibacterial ability, which is closer to the antibacterial ability of the ionic Ag+. These results show the outstanding bactericidal activity of small silver nanoparticles and the potential application of these tiny particles in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture.
{"title":"Effects of size on silver nanoparticle stability and inhibition of Vibro parahaemolyticus bacterial cell growth in high chloride media","authors":"Duc Toan Nguyen, Thi Minh Huyen Nguyen, Thi Thuy Nguyen, Thi Bich Ngoc Nguyen, Trong Nghia Nguyen, Minh Hue Nguyen and Thi Ha Lien Nghiem","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad47e6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad47e6","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of silver nanoparticles at average sizes of 10 nm, 30 nm, and 50 nm with polyvinylpyrrolidone stabiliser was evaluated in a medium with high chloride ion concentration. The antibacterial activity of these silver nanoparticles against marine cholera Vibrio parahaemolyticus was studied and compared with ionic Ag+ and a bactericidal agent, Benzalkonium chloride. The results show that the smaller the silver nanoparticles, the higher the stability, and the higher the antibacterial ability, which is closer to the antibacterial ability of the ionic Ag+. These results show the outstanding bactericidal activity of small silver nanoparticles and the potential application of these tiny particles in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad4851
Khoa Dang Nguyen, Nguyen Quang Thinh Le, Linh Tieu Loan Tieu, Thuy Huong Nguyen, Thi Lan Anh Luu, Huu Hung Nguyen, Cong Tu Nguyen and Ngoc Phuong Thao Nguyen
This work examined the synthesis, antibacterial activity, and decolourisation of WO3@Graphene nanorods (WO3@Gr NR). WO3@Gr NR nanocomposite was in situ produced via a facile one-step hydrothermal process employing sodium tungstate dihydrate and exfoliated graphene as precursors. The resulted NR exhibited an average diameter of 13 nm, a large specific surface area of 53.3 m2 g−1, and a bimodal pore size distribution with an average pore size of 5.5 nm. The optical bandgap is extrapolated to be 2.75 eV. Graphene was shown to be responsible for the sample’s elaborate visible-light absorption, which improved adsorption and the ability to harvest visible light. WO3@Gr NR are more efficient against E. coli than S. aureus, killing up to 52% and 39% of cells, respectively, after two hours of treatment. When used in conjunction with invisible light, the NR killed E. coli and S. aureus by 78 and 62%, respectively. The bactericidal activity of photoinduced WO3@Gr NR was evaluated against P. aerugunosa, E. faecalis, E. coli, and S. aureus. The photocatalytic constant rates of organic dye methylene blue (MB) were determined to be 0.01 min−1. An IC50 (50% cell growth inhibition) value of 97 (μg ml−1) was determined for the nanocomposite against human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2). Our findings suggest that this nanorod may be utilised to degrade bacteria and organic colours in wastewater simultaneously while posing no risk to human health.
这项研究考察了 WO3@石墨烯纳米棒（WO3@Gr NR）的合成、抗菌活性和脱色。WO3@Gr NR 纳米复合材料以二水钨酸钠和剥离石墨烯为前驱体，通过简单的一步水热法原位制备而成。所制得的 NR 平均直径为 13 nm，比表面积高达 53.3 m2 g-1，孔径呈双峰分布，平均孔径为 5.5 nm。光带隙推断为 2.75 eV。研究表明，石墨烯对样品的可见光吸收起了重要作用，从而提高了吸附和收集可见光的能力。与金黄色葡萄球菌相比，WO3@Gr NR 对大肠杆菌的杀灭效率更高，处理两小时后，对细胞的杀灭率分别高达 52% 和 39%。当与不可见光同时使用时，NR 对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭率分别为 78% 和 62%。评估了光诱导 WO3@Gr NR 对绿脓杆菌、粪大肠杆菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌活性。有机染料亚甲基蓝（MB）的光催化常数为 0.01 min-1。纳米复合材料对人肝癌细胞株（HepG2）的 IC50（50% 细胞生长抑制）值为 97 (μg ml-1)。我们的研究结果表明，这种纳米棒可以同时降解废水中的细菌和有机色素，而且不会对人体健康造成危害。
{"title":"Facile one-step synthesis of in situ WO3@Gr nanorods as an efficient material for antimicrobial and decoloration applications","authors":"Khoa Dang Nguyen, Nguyen Quang Thinh Le, Linh Tieu Loan Tieu, Thuy Huong Nguyen, Thi Lan Anh Luu, Huu Hung Nguyen, Cong Tu Nguyen and Ngoc Phuong Thao Nguyen","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad4851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad4851","url":null,"abstract":"This work examined the synthesis, antibacterial activity, and decolourisation of WO3@Graphene nanorods (WO3@Gr NR). WO3@Gr NR nanocomposite was in situ produced via a facile one-step hydrothermal process employing sodium tungstate dihydrate and exfoliated graphene as precursors. The resulted NR exhibited an average diameter of 13 nm, a large specific surface area of 53.3 m2 g−1, and a bimodal pore size distribution with an average pore size of 5.5 nm. The optical bandgap is extrapolated to be 2.75 eV. Graphene was shown to be responsible for the sample’s elaborate visible-light absorption, which improved adsorption and the ability to harvest visible light. WO3@Gr NR are more efficient against E. coli than S. aureus, killing up to 52% and 39% of cells, respectively, after two hours of treatment. When used in conjunction with invisible light, the NR killed E. coli and S. aureus by 78 and 62%, respectively. The bactericidal activity of photoinduced WO3@Gr NR was evaluated against P. aerugunosa, E. faecalis, E. coli, and S. aureus. The photocatalytic constant rates of organic dye methylene blue (MB) were determined to be 0.01 min−1. An IC50 (50% cell growth inhibition) value of 97 (μg ml−1) was determined for the nanocomposite against human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2). Our findings suggest that this nanorod may be utilised to degrade bacteria and organic colours in wastewater simultaneously while posing no risk to human health.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad4850
Hong Phuoc Phan, Van Hoang Nguyen, Ngoc-Viet Nguyen and Van Hieu Nguyen
The cross-response is a considerable primary challenge of gas sensors based on semiconducting metal oxide (SMO), especially in detecting and classifying gases with comparable properties. In this work, the copper ferrite (CuFe2O4, CFO) nanofibers (NFs)-based sensors were straightforwardly synthesised by electrospinning technique. The morphology of the CFO NFs was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed a rough surface with a diameter of approximately 80 nm. The composition of the fiber was confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), which showed the fiber’s chemical elements to include Cu, Fe, and O. The microstructural characteristics of the CFO NFs were analysed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, confirming the characteristic peaks of the CFO phase. The gas sensing characteristics of CFO-based sensors have been examined to 25−200 ppm of various gases of (CH3)2CO, CH3CH2OH, NH3, and H2 at a function of working temperature of 350−450 °C. The gas-sensing mechanism of the sensor based on CFO NFs is explained by the surface depletion layer and the grain boundary model. The successful categorisation of these gases into distinct groups was realised, indicating that the issue of cross-response caused by interfering gases was effectively addressed with the aid of an artificial intelligence algorithm.
{"title":"Directly electrospun copper ferrite CuFe2O4 nanofiber-based for gas classification","authors":"Hong Phuoc Phan, Van Hoang Nguyen, Ngoc-Viet Nguyen and Van Hieu Nguyen","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad4850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad4850","url":null,"abstract":"The cross-response is a considerable primary challenge of gas sensors based on semiconducting metal oxide (SMO), especially in detecting and classifying gases with comparable properties. In this work, the copper ferrite (CuFe2O4, CFO) nanofibers (NFs)-based sensors were straightforwardly synthesised by electrospinning technique. The morphology of the CFO NFs was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed a rough surface with a diameter of approximately 80 nm. The composition of the fiber was confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), which showed the fiber’s chemical elements to include Cu, Fe, and O. The microstructural characteristics of the CFO NFs were analysed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, confirming the characteristic peaks of the CFO phase. The gas sensing characteristics of CFO-based sensors have been examined to 25−200 ppm of various gases of (CH3)2CO, CH3CH2OH, NH3, and H2 at a function of working temperature of 350−450 °C. The gas-sensing mechanism of the sensor based on CFO NFs is explained by the surface depletion layer and the grain boundary model. The successful categorisation of these gases into distinct groups was realised, indicating that the issue of cross-response caused by interfering gases was effectively addressed with the aid of an artificial intelligence algorithm.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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