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Magnetosonic Solitary Waves 磁子孤波
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600555
A. M. Ignatov

The set of equations is obtained that describes the nonlinear three-dimensional dynamics of magnetosonic waves. Plane solitary waves propagating at a small angle to the guiding magnetic field have been studied. Three-dimensional spatially localized waves have been qualitatively studied.

摘要 获得了描述磁声波非线性三维动力学的方程组。研究了与导向磁场成小角度传播的平面孤波。对三维空间局部波进行了定性研究。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Energy Transport in Plasma with ECR Heating on the L-2M Stellarator and T-10 Tokamak 等离子体中的能量传输与 L-2M 恒星器和 T-10 托卡马克上的 ECR 加热的比较
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600403
Yu. N. Dnestrovskij, A. V. Melnikov, S. E. Lysenko, A. I. Meshcheryakov, N. K. Kharchev, D. G. Vasilkov, S. E. Grebenshchikov, N. V. Kasyanova, S. V. Cherkasov, I. Yu. Vafin, L. G. Eliseev, D. Yu. Sychugov

Plasma was heated at the second harmonic of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) in the L-2M stellarator and the T-10 tokamak. The concept of equivalent tokamak and stellarator discharges was extended to the case of both full and partial absorption of EC power. Comparison of experimental electron temperature profiles with profiles calculated using the canonical profiles transport model allows us to estimate the efficiency of ECR heating in the L-2M discharges without suprathermal electrons, which distort the distribution function, preventing reliable measurements of temperature. The dependence of the ECR heating efficiency on the plasma density was obtained, describing experiments on the L-2M and TJ-II stellarators, and on the T-10 tokamak. The energy characteristics (the stored energy and the confinement time) for L-2M discharges were calculated. Predictions for ECR heating in the T-15MD tokamak are considered. The features of solving the ill-posed transport problem for the L-2M are discussed.

摘要 在L-2M恒星器和T-10托卡马克中,等离子体在电子回旋共振(ECR)的二次谐波下被加热。等效托卡马克放电和恒星器放电的概念被扩展到全部和部分吸收电子回旋共振功率的情况。将实验电子温度曲线与使用典型曲线传输模型计算得出的曲线进行比较,可以估算出在没有超热电子的情况下,L-2M 放电中 ECR 加热的效率,因为超热电子会扭曲分布函数,从而阻碍温度的可靠测量。通过在 L-2M 和 TJ-II 恒星器以及 T-10 托卡马克上的实验,我们获得了 ECR 加热效率与等离子体密度的关系。计算了 L-2M 放电的能量特征(存储能量和约束时间)。对 T-15MD 托卡马克中的 ECR 加热进行了预测。讨论了解决 L-2M 不合常理的传输问题的特点。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Characteristics of a Pulsed UV Radiation Source Based on an Unlimited Short-Arc Discharge in Xenon 基于氙气中无限短弧放电的脉冲紫外线辐射源特性研究
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600440
S. V. Gavrish, S. G. Kireev, A. O. Potapenko, S. G. Shashkovsky

The results of a study of a pulsed short-arc unlimited high-pressure xenon discharge as a source of UV radiation are presented. A theoretical analysis of the possibility of increasing the efficiency of xenon discharge radiation in the UV region of the spectrum is performed, the design of a three-electrode flash lamp is described, and the electrical, brightness and spectral characteristics of the source being developed are studied.

摘要 介绍了将脉冲短弧无限高压氙放电作为紫外线辐射源的研究结果。对提高光谱紫外区氙放电辐射效率的可能性进行了理论分析,描述了三电极闪光灯的设计,并研究了正在开发的辐射源的电气、亮度和光谱特性。
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引用次数: 0
Physicochemical Activation of Distilled Water by a Jet of Microwave Plasma Argon in an Atmosphere of Water Vapor 微波等离子氩射流在水蒸气环境中对蒸馏水的物理化学活化作用
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600567
K. F. Sergeichev, N. A. Lukina

A method for activating water by plasma of an electrodeless torch discharge in a microwave electromagnetic field in argon in an environment of water vapor, at atmospheric pressure, to obtain a pure solution of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 without impurities in distilled water is proposed. It is shown that the main mechanism for the formation of atomic hydrogen H and hydroxyl HO radicals in the water decomposition is photolysis under the influence of excimer vacuum ultraviolet radiation of argon plasma. Hydrated electrons can be an additional source of radicals in liquid water when the plasma torch comes into contact with the water surface. Today plasma technologies are widely used to produce activated water containing hydrogen peroxide, to solve environmental problems, to increase productivity in agriculture, and for medical use.

摘要 提出了一种在水蒸气环境中,在大气压力下,通过氩气中的微波电磁场中的无极炬放电等离子体活化水,从而获得无杂质的纯蒸馏水过氧化氢 H2O2 溶液的方法。研究表明,水分解过程中原子氢 H- 和羟基 HO- 自由基形成的主要机理是在氩等离子体准分子真空紫外线辐射影响下的光解作用。当等离子体火炬与水表面接触时,水合电子可能成为液态水中自由基的另一个来源。如今,等离子体技术被广泛用于生产含有过氧化氢的活性水、解决环境问题、提高农业生产率以及医疗用途。
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引用次数: 0
Increasing the Efficiency of Plasma Mass Separation by Optimizing the Electric Potential 通过优化电势提高等离子体质量分离的效率
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600579
A. P. Oiler, R. A. Usmanov, N. N. Antonov, A. V. Gavrikov, V. P. Smirnov

The effect of the spatial distribution of electric potential on the separating properties of the plasma mass separator that operates in a configuration with crossed radial electric and longitudinal magnetic fields is studied. The single-particle approximation is used to obtain analytical expressions that connect the electric potential distribution and the angular mass spectrum. A mathematical algorithm is described that allows one to recover the distribution of electric potential from the given shape of the mass spectrum. It is shown that the local inhomogeneity of the electric potential profile allows one to achieve the deposition of mass groups in the diametrically opposite regions of the separator. Data is presented that confirms the possibility of creating experimentally both the positive and the negative local inhomogeneity of the potential. The results of this work can be used to increase the efficiency of the process of plasma mass separation of ions of different elements.

摘要 研究了等离子体质量分离器在径向电场和纵向磁场交叉配置下运行时,电势空间分布对其分离特性的影响。利用单粒子近似法获得了连接电势分布和角质量谱的分析表达式。研究还描述了一种数学算法,可以从给定的质量谱形状中恢复电势分布。结果表明,电势分布图的局部不均匀性使人们能够在分离器截然相反的区域实现质量群的沉积。所提供的数据证实了在实验中产生正负局部电势不均匀性的可能性。这项工作的成果可用于提高不同元素离子的等离子体质量分离过程的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Multi-Frequency Excitation on Dust Particle Charging in Weakly Collisional Radio-Frequency Capacitive Discharge 多频激励对弱碰撞射频电容放电中尘埃粒子充电的影响
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X23601876
A. Missaoui, M. El Kaouini, H. Chatei

A one-dimensional (1D) fluid model is developed to investigate the effect of multi-frequency excitation consisting of (N) consecutive harmonics on the charge of a single dust grain in a weakly collisional capacitively coupled plasma discharge. The spatial distributions of the electron density, the electrons temperature, and the charged particle flux are obtained and analyzed under the effects of the number of harmonics. It is shown that the number of harmonics considerably affects the discharge properties and the sheath thickness. In order to analyze the charge of an injected dust particle under the effect of different operating parameters, the model takes into account the electron and ion currents, as well as the effect of collisions between ions and neutral atoms. The results showed that as the number of harmonics increases, the particle charge increases in the powered sheath region while it decreases in the grounded sheath due to the electrical asymmetry effect. However, the charge remains constant in the central region where the electron temperature is constant. The present study further shows that the gas pressure and the driving frequency affect the dust charge oppositely, where an increase in pressure leads to a decrease in the dust charge, especially in the sheath regions, while the particle charge negatively increases as the driving frequency increases for all excitation waveforms.

摘要 建立了一个一维流体模型来研究由连续谐波组成的多频激励对弱碰撞电容耦合等离子体放电中单个尘粒电荷的影响。在谐波次数的影响下,得到并分析了电子密度、电子温度和带电粒子通量的空间分布。结果表明,谐波数对放电特性和护套厚度有很大影响。为了分析在不同运行参数影响下注入尘埃粒子的电荷,模型考虑了电子和离子电流以及离子与中性原子碰撞的影响。结果表明,随着谐波次数的增加,粒子电荷在通电鞘区域增加,而在接地鞘区域由于电不对称效应而减少。然而,在电子温度恒定的中心区域,电荷保持不变。本研究进一步表明,气体压力和驱动频率对尘埃电荷的影响是相反的,压力的增加会导致尘埃电荷的减少,尤其是在鞘区,而在所有激励波形中,随着驱动频率的增加,粒子电荷会负增长。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Gas Composition of a Cold Plasma Jet Generated on the Basis of Atmospheric Pressure Microwave Discharge 基于大气压微波放电产生的冷等离子体射流的气体成分分析
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600488
S. N. Antipov, M. Kh. Gadzhiev, M. V. Il’ichev, A. S. Tyuftyaev, A. V. Chistolinov, D. I. Yusupov

Using chromatography, the gas composition in a cold plasma jet, which is a flowing afterglow of a microwave glow discharge at atmospheric pressure, is analyzed. The plasma jet is formed by the interaction of the discharge plasma with atmospheric air behind the outlet of the 6-electrode plasma torch, electrical power to which is supplied from the waveguide microwave (2.45 GHz) plasmatron. An analysis of the gas samples of the jet shows that when plasma-forming argon flows through the microwave discharge, hydrogen and methane are formed behind the discharge region, and the concentration of carbon monoxide increases by 5–6 times. The reactive oxygen species in the cold plasma jet is studied using liquid chromatography of an aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol after treatment with the plasma jet. It is found that because of plasma treatment, partial oxidation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone occurs. This makes it possible to consider acetone as an indicator of reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radicals, atomic oxygen and ozone) in a cold plasma jet.

摘要 利用色谱法分析了冷等离子体射流中的气体成分,冷等离子体射流是大气压下微波辉光放电的流动余辉。等离子体射流是由放电等离子体与 6 电极等离子体炬出口后的大气空气相互作用形成的,其电源由波导微波(2.45 GHz)等离子体加速器提供。对射流气体样本的分析表明,当形成等离子体的氩气流经微波放电时,在放电区后面形成了氢气和甲烷,一氧化碳的浓度增加了 5-6 倍。利用等离子体射流处理异丙醇水溶液后的液相色谱法研究了冷等离子体射流中的活性氧。研究发现,由于等离子处理,异丙醇部分氧化成丙酮。因此,可以将丙酮视为冷等离子体射流中活性氧(羟基自由基、原子氧和臭氧)的指示剂。
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引用次数: 0
Kinetic Coefficients of Electrons in Weakly Ionized Plasma of Mixtures of Air with Water Vapor in a Strong Electric Field 强电场下空气与水蒸气混合物弱电离等离子体中电子的动力学系数
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600476
I. V. Kochetov, N. L. Aleksandrov

Using a numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation, the electron drift velocity, the coefficients of their longitudinal and transverse diffusion, as well as the ionization and dissociative attachment coefficients in weakly ionized plasma of mixtures of air with water vapor are calculated in a wide range of reduced electric fields (1–650 Td, 1 Td = 10–17 V cm2) and mole fractions of water vapor (0–1). The calculation results are compared with new experimental data, and good agreement between them is obtained. It is shown that for all coefficients and the average electron energy, their dependence on the gas composition changes with increasing electric field. At low reduced fields, an increase in the content of H2O water molecules in mixtures leads to a decrease in the transport coefficients and average electron energy, while the opposite trend is observed at high fields. It is shown that for the drift velocity and electron attachment coefficient there are electric fields, in which these coefficients in gas mixtures can be greater than the coefficients in dry air and water vapor. A qualitative explanation is given for the obtained dependences of the electron coefficients on the electric field and H2O content in the mixtures.

摘要 利用波尔兹曼方程的数值解法,计算了空气与水蒸气混合物弱电离等离子体中电子漂移速度、电子纵向和横向扩散系数,以及电离和离解附着系数,计算时电场降低的范围很宽(1-650 Td,1 Td = 10-17 V cm2),水蒸气的摩尔分数也很宽(0-1)。计算结果与新的实验数据进行了比较,两者之间获得了良好的一致性。结果表明,对于所有系数和平均电子能量,它们与气体成分的关系随着电场的增加而变化。在低还原电场下,混合物中 H2O 水分子含量的增加会导致传输系数和平均电子能量的降低,而在高电场下则出现相反的趋势。研究表明,在某些电场中,气体混合物中的漂移速度和电子附着系数可能大于干燥空气和水蒸气中的系数。对于电子系数与电场和混合物中 H2O 含量的关系,给出了定性的解释。
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引用次数: 0
On Modeling of Nonlinear Dynamics of an Electron Beam in a Plasma Microwave Amplifier 论等离子体微波放大器中电子束的非线性动力学建模
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X2460052X
I. N. Kartashov, M. V. Kuzelev

The problem of signal amplification in a plasma microwave amplifier is considered in the linear approximation and with allowance for nonlinear effects leading to saturation of instability. The solutions of the exact dispersion equation and an approximate dispersion equation used in calculation of parameters of plasma microwave amplifiers are compared. It is shown that the solutions of these equations in the region of high frequencies are significantly different. Nonlinear dynamics of beam–plasma instability in plasma microwave amplifiers is described by a system of differential equations which is obtained by the slowly varying amplitude method and yields an approximate dispersion equation when it is linearized. A method for modifying parameters of a nonlinear system of differential equations to make it consistent with the exact dispersion equation is proposed and the calculation results are demonstrated.

摘要 以线性近似方法考虑了等离子体微波放大器中的信号放大问题,并考虑了导致不稳定性饱和的非线性效应。比较了用于计算等离子体微波放大器参数的精确频散方程和近似频散方程的解。结果表明,这两个方程在高频区域的解法有明显不同。等离子体微波放大器中光束-等离子体不稳定性的非线性动力学是由微分方程系统描述的,该微分方程系统是通过缓慢变化振幅法获得的,并在线性化后得到近似频散方程。提出了一种修改非线性微分方程系参数的方法,使其与精确的频散方程保持一致,并演示了计算结果。
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引用次数: 0
Multigroup Model of Calculating the Low-Energy Electron Transport in Weakly Ionized Gases 计算弱电离气体中低能电子传输的多组模型
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24600191
E. I. Bochkov

Proceeding from the Boltzmann kinetic equation for electrons, the system of multigroup equations for the zero and first moments of the distribution function of low-energy electrons is derived within the Lorentz approximation. The system includes the balance equations for concentration and flux density of electrons and is intended for numerical simulation of the transport and kinetics of electrons in the energy range from zero to several tens of electron volt where the angular distribution of electrons is weakly anisotropic. Results of the numerical calculations of electron transport in helium in homogeneous and inhomogeneous electric fields according to the developed multigroup model are compared with results obtained by the Monte Carlo method.

摘要 从电子的玻尔兹曼动力学方程出发,在洛伦兹近似中导出了低能电子分布函数的零矩和首矩的多组方程组。该系统包括电子浓度和通量密度的平衡方程,用于对电子角分布弱各向异性的零到几十电子伏能量范围内的电子传输和动力学进行数值模拟。根据所开发的多组模型对氦中电子在均质和非均质电场中的传输进行数值计算的结果与蒙特卡罗方法得出的结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Plasma Physics Reports
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