Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600853
A. G. Razdobarin, O. S. Medvedev, I. M. Bukreev, D. L. Bogachev, A. M. Dmitriev, D. I. Elets, E. V. Smirnova, L. A. Snigirev, V. B. Minaev, A. N. Novokhatsky, I. V. Miroshnikov, S. V. Filippov, M. V. Grishaev, Yu. M. Gasparyan
Abstract
Mock-up of the system for remote monitoring of the accumulation of hydrogen isotopes in the walls of the Globus-M2 tokamak was assembled and tested. The measurements were performed using the LIA-QMS laser diagnostics (laser-induced ablation with registration using quadrupole mass-spectrometry). The data were obtained on the content of hydrogen isotopes in deposits appearing after exposing tungsten collectors to the loads in the volume of the Globus M tokamak. After testing the diagnostics under laboratory conditions, it was mounted at the Globus-M2 facility. In-situ measurements of the content of hydrogen isotopes in the graphite tiles of the tokamak divertor were performed. The possibility of combining the L-IA‑QMS diagnostics with the LIBS (laser-induced emission spectroscopy) diagnostics has been confirmed, in order to obtain information on the composition of the ablated material. In addition, the LIBS method was used for obtaining the deuterium/protium isotopic ratio during measurements in the Globus-M2 facility.
{"title":"Laser Diagnostics of Content of Hydrogen Isotopes in the Globus-M2 Tokamak Wall","authors":"A. G. Razdobarin, O. S. Medvedev, I. M. Bukreev, D. L. Bogachev, A. M. Dmitriev, D. I. Elets, E. V. Smirnova, L. A. Snigirev, V. B. Minaev, A. N. Novokhatsky, I. V. Miroshnikov, S. V. Filippov, M. V. Grishaev, Yu. M. Gasparyan","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600853","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Mock-up of the system for remote monitoring of the accumulation of hydrogen isotopes in the walls of the Globus-M2 tokamak was assembled and tested. The measurements were performed using the LIA-QMS laser diagnostics (laser-induced ablation with registration using quadrupole mass-spectrometry). The data were obtained on the content of hydrogen isotopes in deposits appearing after exposing tungsten collectors to the loads in the volume of the Globus M tokamak. After testing the diagnostics under laboratory conditions, it was mounted at the Globus-M2 facility. In-situ measurements of the content of hydrogen isotopes in the graphite tiles of the tokamak divertor were performed. The possibility of combining the L-IA‑QMS diagnostics with the LIBS (laser-induced emission spectroscopy) diagnostics has been confirmed, in order to obtain information on the composition of the ablated material. In addition, the LIBS method was used for obtaining the deuterium/protium isotopic ratio during measurements in the Globus-M2 facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600610
P. S. Antsiferov, L. V. Stepanov, N. D. Matyukhin
Abstract
The emission dynamics of a vacuum spark with a peak current of ~50 kA in the wavelength range of λ = 5–40 nm is analyzed. The radiation was detected by means of the microchannel-plate detectors with a frame temporal resolution of 20 ns. The technique of simultaneous acquisition of the spatial distribution and spectrograms of plasma emission allowed resolving characteristic stages of discharge development. At the initial stage (200–300 ns), strong emission of multiply charged iron ions FeV–FeVIII is detected. This emission disappears later (300–400 ns) and reappears again after 400 ns. The possible role of runaway electrons in the described phenomenon is discussed. The found regime of the discharge can be used upon development of the radiation sources in the extreme UV range.
{"title":"The Dynamics of XUV Plasma Emission in a Low-Inductance Vacuum Spark at the Initial Stage of Discharge Development","authors":"P. S. Antsiferov, L. V. Stepanov, N. D. Matyukhin","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600610","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The emission dynamics of a vacuum spark with a peak current of ~50 kA in the wavelength range of λ = 5–40 nm is analyzed. The radiation was detected by means of the microchannel-plate detectors with a frame temporal resolution of 20 ns. The technique of simultaneous acquisition of the spatial distribution and spectrograms of plasma emission allowed resolving characteristic stages of discharge development. At the initial stage (200–300 ns), strong emission of multiply charged iron ions FeV–FeVIII is detected. This emission disappears later (300–400 ns) and reappears again after 400 ns. The possible role of runaway electrons in the described phenomenon is discussed. The found regime of the discharge can be used upon development of the radiation sources in the extreme UV range.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x23601992
X. F. Li, P. F. Cao
Abstract
The transition properties of 2p → 1s transition and electron pressure on Mg7+ ions embedded in warm dense plasmas are investigated by the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method combined with the self-consistent ion sphere model (SCFISM). The results show, that the numerical value of the energy eigenvalue and transition energy shift agree well with the corresponding analytical value. The transition energies and transition probabilities linear decrease quickly with the increase of free electron densities, but increase slightly with increasing temperatures. A linear relation between log of electron pressure and log of free electron density is fitted.
{"title":"The Impact of Warm Dense Plasma Environments on 2p → 1s Transition of Core-Hole Mg7+ Ions","authors":"X. F. Li, P. F. Cao","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x23601992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x23601992","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The transition properties of 2<i>p</i> → 1<i>s</i> transition and electron pressure on Mg<sup>7+</sup> ions embedded in warm dense plasmas are investigated by the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method combined with the self-consistent ion sphere model (SCFISM). The results show, that the numerical value of the energy eigenvalue and transition energy shift agree well with the corresponding analytical value. The transition energies and transition probabilities linear decrease quickly with the increase of free electron densities, but increase slightly with increasing temperatures. A linear relation between log of electron pressure and log of free electron density is fitted.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600671
A. Yu. Popov, P. V. Tretinnikov, E. Z. Gusakov, L. V. Simonchik
Abstract
The kinetic approximation was used to obtain an expression for the bilinear component of the nonlinear charge density, which is used to describe the parametric decay of a microwave with ordinary polarization whose frequency corresponds to the second harmonic of the electron cyclotron resonance. As a result of the decay, an upper hybrid wave and a lower hybrid wave are excited.
{"title":"On the Coefficient of Nonlinear Coupling of Two Electromagnetic Waves with Ordinary Polarization and a Longitudinal Upper Hybrid Wave in a High-Temperature Plasma","authors":"A. Yu. Popov, P. V. Tretinnikov, E. Z. Gusakov, L. V. Simonchik","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600671","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The kinetic approximation was used to obtain an expression for the bilinear component of the nonlinear charge density, which is used to describe the parametric decay of a microwave with ordinary polarization whose frequency corresponds to the second harmonic of the electron cyclotron resonance. As a result of the decay, an upper hybrid wave and a lower hybrid wave are excited.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600634
A. D. Yaroshevskaya, K. M. Gutorov, V. L. Podkovyrov, Yu. I. Litvinenko
Abstract
The equipment and method for measuring the plasma flow velocity of a quasi-stationary high-current plasma accelerator (QSPA) based on high-speed Doppler shift spectroscopy are described. Time sampling of measurements can reach 100 kHz, which makes it possible to study in detail processes lasting about 1 ms or more. The correspondence between the flow velocity values obtained by Doppler shift spectroscopy and the time-of-flight method has been demonstrated. The results of measurements are presented, showing that the velocities of the QSPA plasma flow lie in the range of 30–160 km/s, depending on the energy input into the discharge and the composition of the working gas.
{"title":"Determination of Plasma Flow Velocity with Time Resolution Based on the Doppler Effect","authors":"A. D. Yaroshevskaya, K. M. Gutorov, V. L. Podkovyrov, Yu. I. Litvinenko","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600634","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The equipment and method for measuring the plasma flow velocity of a quasi-stationary high-current plasma accelerator (QSPA) based on high-speed Doppler shift spectroscopy are described. Time sampling of measurements can reach 100 kHz, which makes it possible to study in detail processes lasting about 1 ms or more. The correspondence between the flow velocity values obtained by Doppler shift spectroscopy and the time-of-flight method has been demonstrated. The results of measurements are presented, showing that the velocities of the QSPA plasma flow lie in the range of 30–160 km/s, depending on the energy input into the discharge and the composition of the working gas.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x23601153
N. Noreen, S. Zaheer, N. Rubab, H. A. Shah
Abstract
The dielectric constant and the dispersion relation of the Ordinary mode (O-mode) instability has been discussed by using the Vlasov kinetic model in the presence of the Heaviside distribution function. The Heaviside distribution includes relativistic effects for both the parallel and perpendicular streaming. It is noted that the relativistic effects play a destabilizing role for the O-mode at higher magnetic field in comparison to the non-relativistic case. The growth rate of O-mode instability is calculated analytically for different values of parallel and perpendicular streaming. It is shown that the parallel streaming destabilizes the O-mode where as the perpendicular streaming provides a stabilizing effect. The results of the non-relativistic O-mode instability have been retrieved under limiting case.
摘要 在存在 Heaviside 分布函数的情况下，使用 Vlasov 动力模型讨论了普通模式（O-mode）不稳定性的介电常数和弥散关系。Heaviside 分布包括平行流和垂直流的相对论效应。与非相对论情况相比，相对论效应在较高磁场下对 O 模式起着破坏稳定的作用。针对不同的平行和垂直流值，对 O 模式不稳定性的增长率进行了分析计算。结果表明，平行流会破坏 O 模式的稳定性，而垂直流则具有稳定作用。在极限情况下，非相对论 O 模式不稳定性的结果已被检索出来。
{"title":"Effect of Energy Anisotropy on Ordinary Mode in Relativistic Regime","authors":"N. Noreen, S. Zaheer, N. Rubab, H. A. Shah","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x23601153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x23601153","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The dielectric constant and the dispersion relation of the Ordinary mode (O-mode) instability has been discussed by using the Vlasov kinetic model in the presence of the Heaviside distribution function. The Heaviside distribution includes relativistic effects for both the parallel and perpendicular streaming. It is noted that the relativistic effects play a destabilizing role for the O-mode at higher magnetic field in comparison to the non-relativistic case. The growth rate of O-mode instability is calculated analytically for different values of parallel and perpendicular streaming. It is shown that the parallel streaming destabilizes the O-mode where as the perpendicular streaming provides a stabilizing effect. The results of the non-relativistic O-mode instability have been retrieved under limiting case.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141573125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600518
A. Yu. Tokarev, A. Yu. Yashin, A. M. Ponomarenko, V. K. Gusev, N. S. Zhiltsov, G. S. Kurskiev, V. B. Minaev, Yu. V. Petrov, N. V. Sakharov, V. V. Solokha, V. A. Velizhanin
Abstract
The high-confinement mode in tokamaks (H-mode) is characterized by high pressure gradients at plasma edge, which results in the appearance of edge localized modes (ELMs). They are studied at the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak too, where edge localized modes are observed mainly in regimes with neutral beam injection. One of the ways for studying ELMs is the use of the Doppler backscattering (DBS) diagnostics installed at Globus-M2. It makes possible to estimate the amplitude of plasma density fluctuations and measure the radial electric field Er. In this work, the effect of edge localized modes on the Er field is studied in the radial range 0.4 < ρ < 1.1. It is shown that during ELMs the electric field increases in the entire measurement range. This indicates that ELMs affect the inner plasma regions as well. This is not consistent with the general ideas concerning the peripheral localization of ELMs, but is confirmed experimentally not only at Globus-M2. In addition, the results for the regime with ELMs are compared with those for the regime with limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) and it is shown that during LCOs such effect is not observed.
摘要托卡马克中的高约束模式（H-模式）以等离子体边缘的高压力梯度为特征，这导致了边缘局部模式（ELMs）的出现。Globus-M2 球形托卡马克也对其进行了研究，主要是在中性束注入的情况下观测到边缘局部模。研究 ELM 的方法之一是使用安装在 Globus-M2 上的多普勒反向散射（DBS）诊断仪。它可以估算等离子体密度波动的幅度，并测量径向电场 Er。在这项工作中，研究了在 0.4 < ρ < 1.1 的径向范围内边缘局部模式对 Er 场的影响。结果表明，在 ELM 期间，电场在整个测量范围内都会增加。这表明 ELM 也会影响内部等离子体区域。这与有关 ELM 外围定位的一般观点不一致，但不仅在 Globus-M2 得到了实验证实。此外，还将 ELM 的测量结果与极限周期振荡（LCO）的测量结果进行了比较，结果表明，在极限周期振荡期间没有观察到这种影响。
{"title":"Application of Multi-Frequency Doppler Backscattering for Studying Edge Localized Modes at the Globus-M2 Tokamak","authors":"A. Yu. Tokarev, A. Yu. Yashin, A. M. Ponomarenko, V. K. Gusev, N. S. Zhiltsov, G. S. Kurskiev, V. B. Minaev, Yu. V. Petrov, N. V. Sakharov, V. V. Solokha, V. A. Velizhanin","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600518","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The high-confinement mode in tokamaks (H-mode) is characterized by high pressure gradients at plasma edge, which results in the appearance of edge localized modes (ELMs). They are studied at the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak too, where edge localized modes are observed mainly in regimes with neutral beam injection. One of the ways for studying ELMs is the use of the Doppler backscattering (DBS) diagnostics installed at Globus-M2. It makes possible to estimate the amplitude of plasma density fluctuations and measure the radial electric field <i>E</i><sub><i>r</i></sub>. In this work, the effect of edge localized modes on the <i>E</i><sub><i>r</i></sub> field is studied in the radial range 0.4 < ρ < 1.1. It is shown that during ELMs the electric field increases in the entire measurement range. This indicates that ELMs affect the inner plasma regions as well. This is not consistent with the general ideas concerning the peripheral localization of ELMs, but is confirmed experimentally not only at Globus-M2. In addition, the results for the regime with ELMs are compared with those for the regime with limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) and it is shown that during LCOs such effect is not observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600580
G. S. Volkov, E. V. Grabovskii, A. N. Gritsuk, K. N. Mitrofanov, A. A. Rupasov, I. N. Frolov
Abstract
Experiments on compression of cascade tungsten wire arrays with reduced inductance at the final stage of pinching aimed at increasing the specific concentration of plasma energy of the high-current Z‑pinches were carried out. The experiments were conducted at the Angara-5-1 facility at load current of up to 4 MA. The highest radiation power per unit pinch length were obtained using the cascade wire arrays in which mass per unit length of the inner wire array with reduced inductance was in the range between 1 and 1.5 that of the outer wire array. The soft X-ray radiation power of P ~ 11 TW was obtained from the 1-cm-long pinch. The specific yield of the soft X-ray radiation was in the range of 130–140 kJ/cm. The total and specific powers of the pinch radiation obtained upon compression of the cascade load with reduced inductance exceeded the total and specific powers of the pinch radiation obtained by compression of a “standard” wire array with a length of 1.6 cm with the same parameters (7–8 TW and 5 TW/cm, respectively). The yield of the soft X-ray radiation did not change upon reduction in the length of the emitting pinch from 1.6 to 0.6 cm. The compression dynamics of such a load is indicative of an increased role played by the magnetic field of the current flowing in the inner cascade in interaction of the cascades. A variant of using interaction of the cascade-array shells via the magnetic field of the inner-cascade current as applied to the scheme of the statistical “hohlraum” with indirect irradiation of spherical targets is proposed. The scheme enables entrainment of part of the current by the inner wire array that confines the statistical “hohlraum.” In this case, interaction of cascades allows using nearly entire kinetic energy of the accelerated outer shell for generation of radiation in the statistical “hohlraum” by two forming near-electrode pinches.
摘要 对级联钨丝阵列进行了压缩实验，在捏合的最后阶段降低了电感量，目的是提高大电流 Z 型捏合机的等离子体能量比浓度。实验在安加拉-5-1 设备上进行，负载电流高达 4 MA。使用级联导线阵列获得了最高的单位夹钳长度辐射功率，其中电感降低的内导线阵列的单位长度质量介于外导线阵列的 1 至 1.5 之间。从 1 厘米长的夹缝中获得了 P ~ 11 TW 的软 X 射线辐射功率。软 X 射线辐射的比产率在 130-140 kJ/cm 之间。在压缩电感降低的级联负载时获得的夹钳辐射总功率和比功率超过了在压缩相同参数下长度为 1.6 厘米的 "标准 "导线阵列时获得的夹钳辐射总功率和比功率（分别为 7-8 TW 和 5 TW/cm）。软 X 射线辐射的产量在发射夹钳长度从 1.6 厘米减小到 0.6 厘米时没有变化。这种负载的压缩动力学表明，内部级联中流动的电流磁场在级联相互作用中发挥了更大的作用。我们提出了一种通过内级联电流磁场实现级联阵列外壳相互作用的变体，这种变体适用于间接照射球形目标的统计 "hohlraum "方案。该方案通过限制统计 "hohlraum "的内导线阵列夹带部分电流。在这种情况下，级联的相互作用允许利用加速外壳的几乎全部动能，通过两个形成的近电极夹在统计 "虹室 "中产生辐射。
{"title":"Increase in Power of Radiation and Specific Concentration of Energy of Plasma of the High-Current Z-Pinches due to Compression of the Cascade Wire Arrays Interacting via Magnetic Field","authors":"G. S. Volkov, E. V. Grabovskii, A. N. Gritsuk, K. N. Mitrofanov, A. A. Rupasov, I. N. Frolov","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600580","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Experiments on compression of cascade tungsten wire arrays with reduced inductance at the final stage of pinching aimed at increasing the specific concentration of plasma energy of the high-current Z‑pinches were carried out. The experiments were conducted at the Angara-5-1 facility at load current of up to 4 MA. The highest radiation power per unit pinch length were obtained using the cascade wire arrays in which mass per unit length of the inner wire array with reduced inductance was in the range between 1 and 1.5 that of the outer wire array. The soft X-ray radiation power of <i>P</i> ~ 11 TW was obtained from the 1-cm-long pinch. The specific yield of the soft X-ray radiation was in the range of 130–140 kJ/cm. The total and specific powers of the pinch radiation obtained upon compression of the cascade load with reduced inductance exceeded the total and specific powers of the pinch radiation obtained by compression of a “standard” wire array with a length of 1.6 cm with the same parameters (7–8 TW and 5 TW/cm, respectively). The yield of the soft X-ray radiation did not change upon reduction in the length of the emitting pinch from 1.6 to 0.6 cm. The compression dynamics of such a load is indicative of an increased role played by the magnetic field of the current flowing in the inner cascade in interaction of the cascades. A variant of using interaction of the cascade-array shells via the magnetic field of the inner-cascade current as applied to the scheme of the statistical “hohlraum” with indirect irradiation of spherical targets is proposed. The scheme enables entrainment of part of the current by the inner wire array that confines the statistical “hohlraum.” In this case, interaction of cascades allows using nearly entire kinetic energy of the accelerated outer shell for generation of radiation in the statistical “hohlraum” by two forming near-electrode pinches.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600555
A. M. Ignatov
Abstract
The set of equations is obtained that describes the nonlinear three-dimensional dynamics of magnetosonic waves. Plane solitary waves propagating at a small angle to the guiding magnetic field have been studied. Three-dimensional spatially localized waves have been qualitatively studied.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s1063780x24600567
K. F. Sergeichev, N. A. Lukina
Abstract
A method for activating water by plasma of an electrodeless torch discharge in a microwave electromagnetic field in argon in an environment of water vapor, at atmospheric pressure, to obtain a pure solution of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 without impurities in distilled water is proposed. It is shown that the main mechanism for the formation of atomic hydrogen H• and hydroxyl HO• radicals in the water decomposition is photolysis under the influence of excimer vacuum ultraviolet radiation of argon plasma. Hydrated electrons can be an additional source of radicals in liquid water when the plasma torch comes into contact with the water surface. Today plasma technologies are widely used to produce activated water containing hydrogen peroxide, to solve environmental problems, to increase productivity in agriculture, and for medical use.
{"title":"Physicochemical Activation of Distilled Water by a Jet of Microwave Plasma Argon in an Atmosphere of Water Vapor","authors":"K. F. Sergeichev, N. A. Lukina","doi":"10.1134/s1063780x24600567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x24600567","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A method for activating water by plasma of an electrodeless torch discharge in a microwave electromagnetic field in argon in an environment of water vapor, at atmospheric pressure, to obtain a pure solution of hydrogen peroxide H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> without impurities in distilled water is proposed. It is shown that the main mechanism for the formation of atomic hydrogen H<sup>•</sup> and hydroxyl HO<sup>•</sup> radicals in the water decomposition is photolysis under the influence of excimer vacuum ultraviolet radiation of argon plasma. Hydrated electrons can be an additional source of radicals in liquid water when the plasma torch comes into contact with the water surface. Today plasma technologies are widely used to produce activated water containing hydrogen peroxide, to solve environmental problems, to increase productivity in agriculture, and for medical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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