In this research note, the author reviewed his past 8-years data from 2012 through 2019 by focusing on the relationship between his metabolism and overall health conditions. He decided to write this paper regarding his “Effective Age” using the GH-Method: math-physical medicine approach.
{"title":"Effective age resulting from Metabolic Changes","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.03.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"In this research note, the author reviewed his past 8-years data\u0000from 2012 through 2019 by focusing on the relationship between\u0000his metabolism and overall health conditions. He decided to write\u0000this paper regarding his “Effective Age” using the GH-Method:\u0000math-physical medicine approach.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"78 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89974538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to better, understand some neurologic process is fundamental to use an evolutionary approach. Imaging can help in measuring efficiency of brains wasting system in the various subject. The brain glimphatic systems is well studied today but an accurate measure of the real efficiency of the system is needed. Aim of this work is to submit to the researcher a working method to measure this parameter to verify if possible to use the brain glymphatic system as new therapeutics strategy
{"title":"Evolutive Immunologic and Toxicologic Approach in Some Neuroinflamatory and\u0000Degenerative Disease like SM, DA, PD","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.03.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"In order to better, understand some neurologic process is fundamental to use an evolutionary approach. Imaging can\u0000help in measuring efficiency of brains wasting system in the various subject. The brain glimphatic systems is well\u0000studied today but an accurate measure of the real efficiency of the system is needed. Aim of this work is to submit to the\u0000researcher a working method to measure this parameter to verify if possible to use the brain glymphatic system as new\u0000therapeutics strategy","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87028775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An undergraduate thesis presented to the faculty of College of Nursing, Cavite State University, Indang Cavite, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing, with Contribution no. SP CON NO.__________. Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Evelyn M. Del Mundo.
一篇本科论文，提交给Indang Cavite州立大学护理学院，部分满足护理学学士学位的要求，贡献号:Sp . con .__________。在伊芙琳·m·德尔·蒙多医生的监督下准备。
{"title":"Lived Experiences of Individual Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Ages\u000018-30 in Dasmariñas City Cavite","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"An undergraduate thesis presented to the faculty of College of Nursing, Cavite State University, Indang Cavite, in partial fulfillment\u0000of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing, with Contribution no. SP CON NO.__________. Prepared\u0000under the supervision of Dr. Evelyn M. Del Mundo.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82204948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides research findings on glucose created relative energy by using sensor collected glucose data from a period of 376 days from 5/5/2018 to 5/15/20. The dataset is provided by the author, who uses his own type 2 diabetes metabolic conditions control, as a case study via the “math-physical medicine” approach of a nontraditional methodology in medical research. Math-physical medicine (MPM) starts with the observation of the human body’s physical phenomena (not biological or chemical characteristics), collecting elements of the disease related data (preferring big data), utilizing applicable engineering modeling techniques, developing appropriate mathematical equations (not just statistical analysis), and finally predicting the direction of the development and control mechanism of the disease.
{"title":"Using GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine, Fourier Transform, and Frequency\u0000Segmentation Pattern Analysis to Investigate Relative Energy Associated with Glucose","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides research findings on glucose created relative\u0000energy by using sensor collected glucose data from a period of 376\u0000days from 5/5/2018 to 5/15/20. The dataset is provided by the author,\u0000who uses his own type 2 diabetes metabolic conditions control, as\u0000a case study via the “math-physical medicine” approach of a nontraditional methodology in medical research.\u0000Math-physical medicine (MPM) starts with the observation of the\u0000human body’s physical phenomena (not biological or chemical\u0000characteristics), collecting elements of the disease related data\u0000(preferring big data), utilizing applicable engineering modeling\u0000techniques, developing appropriate mathematical equations (not\u0000just statistical analysis), and finally predicting the direction of the\u0000development and control mechanism of the disease.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75874264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As we all begin our lives by walking on to the stage in Act One/Scene One; and into the kind of Drama that’s usually entitled on the lines of ‘My Life, ‘ I’m going to begin with something that David Lorimar (one of the founders of the Scientific & Medical Network) once said: that the Anecdotal has as much worth as any other evidence, in scientific research. I’m not sure who first said: “Nothing‘s ever happened, until it‘s happened to you,” but they got that right!
{"title":"Delving into Emotional Wounds, Addressing Them as Issues to be Solved, as One of\u0000the Reasons We Choose to be Incarnated: with Personal Research into their Origins","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"As we all begin our lives by walking on to the stage in Act One/Scene\u0000One; and into the kind of Drama that’s usually entitled on the lines of\u0000‘My Life, ‘ I’m going to begin with something that David Lorimar\u0000(one of the founders of the Scientific & Medical Network) once\u0000said: that the Anecdotal has as much worth as any other evidence,\u0000in scientific research. I’m not sure who first said: “Nothing‘s ever\u0000happened, until it‘s happened to you,” but they got that right!","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82103939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The continuous interplay between concreteness & randomness, the incessant interchange of conceivable, perceivable, comprehensible with the unknown, the mysterious, the abstruse & the consequential fractals from which infinite geometrical nexuses of bonds, forms of connections, pathways & associations appear as mazy combinations in a single cluster of seconds, with the true values alongside the false values to get involved & entangled to alterate, exchange perpetually their bipolar products to emerged matrices of obscure data, in which their noisy action & omnidirectional behavior of the reverberating echo of the abstract result confuses, bias & warps into one the physio-logical with the abnormal, the real with the mirroring, the tangible with the imaginery, the rational with the aberrant, the conscious with the subconscious, the psyche with the somatic, developing as a result an unconscious field of causative potentiallity, a kymatic burst of unexplained interactions & interpretations, which swirl the embedded hidden elements of distortion & delusion, in the end this horrorous deceptive complicated morphoma comes as the ultimate form of abyssal functioning against the humble simplicity and substract expression of the luminous linear true path of taintless logic.
{"title":"Autoimmune Disease, Deceptional vs Logical Matrices & Informational Fidelity","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous interplay between concreteness & randomness, the incessant interchange of conceivable, perceivable,\u0000comprehensible with the unknown, the mysterious, the abstruse & the consequential fractals from which infinite geometrical\u0000nexuses of bonds, forms of connections, pathways & associations appear as mazy combinations in a single cluster of seconds,\u0000with the true values alongside the false values to get involved & entangled to alterate, exchange perpetually their bipolar products\u0000to emerged matrices of obscure data, in which their noisy action & omnidirectional behavior of the reverberating echo of the\u0000abstract result confuses, bias & warps into one the physio-logical with the abnormal, the real with the mirroring, the tangible\u0000with the imaginery, the rational with the aberrant, the conscious with the subconscious, the psyche with the somatic, developing\u0000as a result an unconscious field of causative potentiallity, a kymatic burst of unexplained interactions & interpretations, which\u0000swirl the embedded hidden elements of distortion & delusion, in the end this horrorous deceptive complicated morphoma comes\u0000as the ultimate form of abyssal functioning against the humble simplicity and substract expression of the luminous linear true\u0000path of taintless logic.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84611422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blue Tongue Disease (BTD) is a non-contagious insect transmitted disease of ruminants caused by double stranded RNA virus. This study aimed to predict an effective multi-epitopes vaccine against BTD from VP5 and VP7 as immunogenic proteins using immunoinformatic tools. The VP5 and VP7 proteins sequences were retrieved from GenBank of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The sequences of each protein were aligned for conservancy using Bioedit software. Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) analysis resources were used to predict B and T cell epitopes. The proposed MHC-1 epitopes of both proteins were further subjected to molecular docking to show minimum binding energy of each epitopes. In our results, two epitopes (235-SEEV-235 and 85-PDPLSP-90) from VP5 and two epitopes (79-PISPDYTQ-86 and 297-PIFPPN-302) from VP7 were proposed as B cell epitopes since they were shown to be linear, surface accessible and antigenic epitopes. For T cells, MHC-1 binding prediction tools showed multiple epitopes strongly interacted with BoLA alleles from both VP5 and VP7. Among them three epitopes, (257-KLKKVINAL-265, 487-QMHILRGPL-495 and 350-VMMRFKIPR-358) fromVP5 protein and four epitopes (86-QHMATIGVL-94, 315-TLADVYTVL-323, 17-TLQEARIVL-25 and 10-TVMRACATL-18) from VP7 protein interacted with the highest number of alleles and demonstrated best binding affinity to MHC-1 alleles. Thus were proposed as a vaccine candidate from VP5 and VP7 proteins. All the epitopes from VP5 and VP7 that interacted with MHC-1 alleles when subjected to molecular docking against the sheep b_microglobulin alleles demonstrated biologically significant higher binding affinity which expressed by their lower global and attractive energy. In conclusion, eleven epitopes were predicted as promising vaccine candidates against BTD from the VP5 and VP7 immunogenic proteins. These epitopes require to be validated experimentally through in vitro and in vivo studies.
{"title":"Computational Analysis for Prediction of Multi Epitopes Vaccine against Blue\u0000Tongue Virus Serotype 4 from VP5 and VP7 Proteins","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Blue Tongue Disease (BTD) is a non-contagious insect transmitted disease of ruminants caused by double stranded RNA virus.\u0000This study aimed to predict an effective multi-epitopes vaccine against BTD from VP5 and VP7 as immunogenic proteins using\u0000immunoinformatic tools. The VP5 and VP7 proteins sequences were retrieved from GenBank of National Center for Biotechnology\u0000Information (NCBI). The sequences of each protein were aligned for conservancy using Bioedit software. Immune Epitope\u0000Database (IEDB) analysis resources were used to predict B and T cell epitopes. The proposed MHC-1 epitopes of both proteins\u0000were further subjected to molecular docking to show minimum binding energy of each epitopes. In our results, two epitopes\u0000(235-SEEV-235 and 85-PDPLSP-90) from VP5 and two epitopes (79-PISPDYTQ-86 and 297-PIFPPN-302) from VP7 were\u0000proposed as B cell epitopes since they were shown to be linear, surface accessible and antigenic epitopes. For T cells, MHC-1\u0000binding prediction tools showed multiple epitopes strongly interacted with BoLA alleles from both VP5 and VP7. Among them\u0000three epitopes, (257-KLKKVINAL-265, 487-QMHILRGPL-495 and 350-VMMRFKIPR-358) fromVP5 protein and four epitopes\u0000(86-QHMATIGVL-94, 315-TLADVYTVL-323, 17-TLQEARIVL-25 and 10-TVMRACATL-18) from VP7 protein interacted\u0000with the highest number of alleles and demonstrated best binding affinity to MHC-1 alleles. Thus were proposed as a vaccine\u0000candidate from VP5 and VP7 proteins. All the epitopes from VP5 and VP7 that interacted with MHC-1 alleles when subjected\u0000to molecular docking against the sheep b_microglobulin alleles demonstrated biologically significant higher binding affinity\u0000which expressed by their lower global and attractive energy. In conclusion, eleven epitopes were predicted as promising vaccine\u0000candidates against BTD from the VP5 and VP7 immunogenic proteins. These epitopes require to be validated experimentally\u0000through in vitro and in vivo studies.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84205637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Louping ill disease is a zoonotic viral disease caused by louping ill virus in the genus Flavivirus. It belongs to the tick-borne flavivirus that is a part of the tick-borne encephalitis virus complex.The envelope E protein of louping ill virus is the major structural protein that plays an important role in membrane binding and inducing a protective immune response.The aim of the present study was to design multi epitopes vaccine from the envelope E glycoprotein against louping ill virus using immunoinformatic tools that elicited humoral and cellular immunity. Eighteen envelope E protein sequences were retrieved from NCBI and subjected to various immunoinformatics tools from IEDB to assess their conservancy, surface accessibility and antigenicity as promising epitopes against B cells. The binding affinity of the conserved predicted epitopes was analyzed against MHC-I and MHC-II alleles of the T cells. The predicted epitopes were further assessed for their population coverage. For B-cell 25, 18 and 12 epitopes were predicted as linear conserved epitopes, surface accessibility and antigenic respectively. However, nine epitopes overlapped all the B cell prediction tools. Among them three epitopes (205-TAEHLP-210,336-KPCR-339 and 349-SPDV-352) were proposed as B cell epitopes. For T cell, 75 epitopes were found to interact with MHC-I alleles. The epitopes 130-YVYDANKV-138and356-MLITPNPTI-364 were proposed as a peptide vaccine since they interacted with the highest number of MHC-1 alleles.Moreover a total of 195core epitopes were found to interact with MHC-II alleles. The core epitopes 130-YVYDANKV-138, 219-WFNDLALPW-227, 415-VIGEHAWDF-423 and 462-VALAWLGLN-470 interacted with higher number of MHC-II alleles and proposed as vaccine since they demonstrated high affinity to MHC-II alleles.The population coverage epitopes set for MHC-I and MHC-II alleles was 74.69% and 99.98%, respectively. While the epitopes set for all T cell, proposed epitopes was 100%. Nine epitopes were predicted eliciting B and T cells and proposed as vaccine candidates against louping ill virus. However, these proposed epitopes require clinical trials studies to ensure their efficacy as vaccine candidates.
{"title":"Computational Prediction of Multi-Epitopes Vaccine from Envelope E Protein\u0000against Louping Ill Virus via Reverse Vaccinology","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Louping ill disease is a zoonotic viral disease caused by louping ill virus in the genus Flavivirus. It belongs to the tick-borne\u0000flavivirus that is a part of the tick-borne encephalitis virus complex.The envelope E protein of louping ill virus is the major\u0000structural protein that plays an important role in membrane binding and inducing a protective immune response.The aim\u0000of the present study was to design multi epitopes vaccine from the envelope E glycoprotein against louping ill virus using\u0000immunoinformatic tools that elicited humoral and cellular immunity. Eighteen envelope E protein sequences were retrieved\u0000from NCBI and subjected to various immunoinformatics tools from IEDB to assess their conservancy, surface accessibility\u0000and antigenicity as promising epitopes against B cells. The binding affinity of the conserved predicted epitopes was analyzed\u0000against MHC-I and MHC-II alleles of the T cells. The predicted epitopes were further assessed for their population coverage.\u0000For B-cell 25, 18 and 12 epitopes were predicted as linear conserved epitopes, surface accessibility and antigenic respectively.\u0000However, nine epitopes overlapped all the B cell prediction tools. Among them three epitopes (205-TAEHLP-210,336-KPCR-339\u0000and 349-SPDV-352) were proposed as B cell epitopes. For T cell, 75 epitopes were found to interact with MHC-I alleles. The\u0000epitopes 130-YVYDANKV-138and356-MLITPNPTI-364 were proposed as a peptide vaccine since they interacted with the highest\u0000number of MHC-1 alleles.Moreover a total of 195core epitopes were found to interact with MHC-II alleles. The core epitopes\u0000130-YVYDANKV-138, 219-WFNDLALPW-227, 415-VIGEHAWDF-423 and 462-VALAWLGLN-470 interacted with higher\u0000number of MHC-II alleles and proposed as vaccine since they demonstrated high affinity to MHC-II alleles.The population\u0000coverage epitopes set for MHC-I and MHC-II alleles was 74.69% and 99.98%, respectively. While the epitopes set for all T cell,\u0000proposed epitopes was 100%. Nine epitopes were predicted eliciting B and T cells and proposed as vaccine candidates against\u0000louping ill virus. However, these proposed epitopes require clinical trials studies to ensure their efficacy as vaccine candidates.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"24 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91294277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the major cause of the lower respiratory tract illness (RTI) in the elderly and in immunocompromised patients and children under 5 years of age. The disease causes deaths of approximately 500 infants each year. Conventional vaccine against the disease demonstrated immunological pitfalls to enhance T-helper responses and developed non-neutralising antibodies. This study aimed to predict epitopes from the fusion F protein of SRV that elicit the immune system and acted as safer efficacious vaccine. A total of 199 strains of RSV were retrieved from the NCBI database. The immune epitope database analysis resources (IEDB) were used for epitopes prediction against B and T cells. The population coverage was also calculated for the proposed epitopes against the whole world. Only two epitopes (441-YVSNK-445 and 440-DYVS-443) successfully passed all B cell prediction tools and demonstrated higher score in Emini and Kolaskar and tongaonker software. Thus were proposed as B cells epitopes. For T cells, a total of 177 epitopes were found to interact with MHC-I alleles. Among them four epitopes (53-YTSVITIEL-61; 250-YMLTNSELL-258, 198-YIDKQLLPI-206, and 450-VSVGNTLYY-458) were proposed since they interacted with the highest number of alleles and the best binding affinity to MHC-1 alleles. Moreover, a total of 397 core epitopes were found to interact with MHC-П alleles. However, the best four core proposed epitopes that interacted with higher number of MHC-II alleles were 217-IETVIEFQQ-226; 250-YMLTNSELL-258; 477-FYDPLVFPS-485 and 505-FIRKSDELL-513. Strikingly the epitope 250-YMLTNSELL-258 successfully interacted with both MHC-1and MHC-П alleles. The population coverage was 48.61% and 99.64% for MHC-I and MHC-II epitopes, respectively, and 100% for all T cells epitopes. Taken together ten epitopes successfully proposed as vaccine candidate against RSV. In vivo and in vitro clinical trials studies are required to elucidate the effectiveness of these epitopes as vaccine.
{"title":"In Silico Prediction of Multi-Epitopes Vaccine from the Fusion F Protein Against\u0000Respiratory Syncytial Virus","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the major cause of the lower respiratory tract illness (RTI) in the elderly and in\u0000immunocompromised patients and children under 5 years of age. The disease causes deaths of approximately 500 infants each\u0000year. Conventional vaccine against the disease demonstrated immunological pitfalls to enhance T-helper responses and developed\u0000non-neutralising antibodies. This study aimed to predict epitopes from the fusion F protein of SRV that elicit the immune system\u0000and acted as safer efficacious vaccine. A total of 199 strains of RSV were retrieved from the NCBI database. The immune epitope\u0000database analysis resources (IEDB) were used for epitopes prediction against B and T cells. The population coverage was also\u0000calculated for the proposed epitopes against the whole world. Only two epitopes (441-YVSNK-445 and 440-DYVS-443) successfully\u0000passed all B cell prediction tools and demonstrated higher score in Emini and Kolaskar and tongaonker software. Thus were\u0000proposed as B cells epitopes. For T cells, a total of 177 epitopes were found to interact with MHC-I alleles. Among them four\u0000epitopes (53-YTSVITIEL-61; 250-YMLTNSELL-258, 198-YIDKQLLPI-206, and 450-VSVGNTLYY-458) were proposed since they\u0000interacted with the highest number of alleles and the best binding affinity to MHC-1 alleles. Moreover, a total of 397 core epitopes\u0000were found to interact with MHC-П alleles. However, the best four core proposed epitopes that interacted with higher number of\u0000MHC-II alleles were 217-IETVIEFQQ-226; 250-YMLTNSELL-258; 477-FYDPLVFPS-485 and 505-FIRKSDELL-513. Strikingly\u0000the epitope 250-YMLTNSELL-258 successfully interacted with both MHC-1and MHC-П alleles. The population coverage was\u000048.61% and 99.64% for MHC-I and MHC-II epitopes, respectively, and 100% for all T cells epitopes. Taken together ten epitopes\u0000successfully proposed as vaccine candidate against RSV. In vivo and in vitro clinical trials studies are required to elucidate the\u0000effectiveness of these epitopes as vaccine.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87095165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emergence of multiple antibiotics resistant in bacteria and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics contribute to the dissemination of resistant pathogen in the environment. Hospital effluents are potential sources of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which if released into the rivers leads to the contamination of the water by the resistant strains which are potential threat to human health as they might have direct access to man or transported from sea animals to man through food. Plasmids are major mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistant gene in bacteria population. Plasmid profiling is one of the methods used to determine and characterize antibiotic resistance traits in bacteria. In this study, Samples were collected using sterile sample bottles at three different locations of Nworie River (Two Federal Medical Center and the third behind Umezuruike hospital) in Imo State. A total of eighteen isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility. The isolates were tested against ten (10) different antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Eight (8) isolates were found to be resistant to at least five antibiotics. While the plasmid DNA were extracted using the TENS extraction method and separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Four of the resistant strains had plasmid DNA.
{"title":"Plasmid Profiling of Antibiotic Resistant Organisms Isolated From Hospital Effluents\u0000Discharged Into Nworie River Imo State","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of multiple antibiotics resistant in bacteria and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics contribute to the dissemination\u0000of resistant pathogen in the environment. Hospital effluents are potential sources of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which if released\u0000into the rivers leads to the contamination of the water by the resistant strains which are potential threat to human health as\u0000they might have direct access to man or transported from sea animals to man through food. Plasmids are major mechanism for\u0000the spread of antibiotic resistant gene in bacteria population. Plasmid profiling is one of the methods used to determine and\u0000characterize antibiotic resistance traits in bacteria. In this study, Samples were collected using sterile sample bottles at three\u0000different locations of Nworie River (Two Federal Medical Center and the third behind Umezuruike hospital) in Imo State. A\u0000total of eighteen isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility. The isolates were tested against ten (10) different antibiotics\u0000using the disc diffusion method. Eight (8) isolates were found to be resistant to at least five antibiotics. While the plasmid DNA\u0000were extracted using the TENS extraction method and separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Four of the resistant strains\u0000had plasmid DNA.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83134361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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