Elena V Navolotskayaa, V. B. Sadovnikov, V. Lipkin, V. Zav'yalov
Cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B) and synthetic peptide LKEKK corresponding to the sequence 16-20 of thymosin-α1 and the sequence 131-135 of interferon-α2 (the concentration range of 100-5000 µM) significantly reduced TNF-α-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and increases the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. In a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis CT-B and peptide, LKEKK (20 mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days) decreased the production of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the severity of inflammation. Thus, CT-B and peptide LKEKK are able to suppress inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
{"title":"Cholera Toxin B Subunit and Peptide LKEKK Inhibit TNF-α Signaling in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Reduce Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Colitis","authors":"Elena V Navolotskayaa, V. B. Sadovnikov, V. Lipkin, V. Zav'yalov","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.04.03","url":null,"abstract":"Cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B) and synthetic peptide LKEKK corresponding to the sequence 16-20 of thymosin-α1 and the sequence 131-135 of interferon-α2 (the concentration range of 100-5000 µM) significantly reduced TNF-α-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and increases the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. In a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis CT-B and peptide, LKEKK (20 mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days) decreased the production of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the severity of inflammation. Thus, CT-B and peptide LKEKK are able to suppress inflammation in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73742522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous in the environment and are increasingly implicated in human diseases worldwide. Currently, there are more than 150 species of Mycobacterium and it is likely that more will be discovered. The rapid increase in identified species in recent years is due to improved culturing techniques and more precise differentiations of species. The application of highly active antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV disease dramatically reduced rates of all opportunistic infections including nontuberculous mycobacteria. Despite this decline, nontuberculous mycobacterium remains one of the most commonly encountered opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria infections are seen exclusively among immunocompromised hosts, including those with AID. Disseminated disease is most commonly seen in association with profound immunosuppression. In HIV infected patients, dissemination does not typically occur unless the CD-4+ T-lymphocyte count is below 50/uL. Structural lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, silicosis, pneumoconiosis or prior TB infection, predisposes to pulmonary infection. Nodular bronchiectasis is very strongly associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease was one of the first opportunistic infections recognized as part of the syndrome of AIDS .Interest in disseminated Mycobacterium avium and nontuberculous mycobacteria infections increased as a result of the HIV epidemic, and therapeutic strategies to treat and prevent these diseases must be focused. Prevention and treatment regimens were lifelong because cure of nontuberculous mycobacteria was not achievable in AIDS patients with profound immune suppression.
{"title":"Disseminated Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in HIV-Infected Patients","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.03.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.03.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous in the environment and are increasingly implicated in human diseases worldwide. Currently, there are more than 150 species of Mycobacterium and it is likely that more will be discovered. The rapid increase in identified species in recent years is due to improved culturing techniques and more precise differentiations of species. The application of highly active antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV disease dramatically reduced rates of all opportunistic infections including nontuberculous mycobacteria. Despite this decline, nontuberculous mycobacterium remains one of the most commonly encountered opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria infections are seen exclusively among immunocompromised hosts, including those with AID. Disseminated disease is most commonly seen in association with profound immunosuppression. In HIV infected patients, dissemination does not typically occur unless the CD-4+ T-lymphocyte count is below 50/uL. Structural lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, silicosis, pneumoconiosis or prior TB infection, predisposes to pulmonary infection. Nodular bronchiectasis is very strongly associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease was one of the first opportunistic infections recognized as part of the syndrome of AIDS .Interest in disseminated Mycobacterium avium and nontuberculous mycobacteria infections increased as a result of the HIV epidemic, and therapeutic strategies to treat and prevent these diseases must be focused. Prevention and treatment regimens were lifelong because cure of nontuberculous mycobacteria was not achievable in AIDS patients with profound immune suppression.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88000578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-15DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/03/00001
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic immunological disease that causes destruction and deformity of joints. Chronic hepatitis C infection cases could develop rheumatic like clinical presenting profile. Raised rheumatoid factor in chronic HCV infection considerably reduces the diagnostic privilege of rheumatoid factor for rheumatoid arthritis coexisting with HCV infection. Aim of the work: To determine the value of anti-citrullinated protein antibody levels in cases having chronic HCV infection in comparison to rheumatoid factor. Methodology: The research team recruited 150 non-arthritic study subjects having chronic hepatitis C virus infection rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibody levels were assayed for all study subjects for statistical analysis. Results: Rheumatoid factor +ve study subjects had statistically significantly more frequent within female gender. (p value=0.027) Rheumatoid factor high +ve cases had statistically significantly had more frequent fatty liver and higher platelets than on high RF +ve cases. (P value =0.020, <0.038 consecutively) Conclusion: HCV cases with joint involvement were not implemented in the current research study that prevented statistical estimation of the sensitivity of anti-citrullinated protein antibody for arthritis in this cohort. Racial and ethnic differences should be put in consideration in future research studies that are recommended to be multi centric in fashion.
{"title":"Predictive Clinical Value of Rheumatoid Factor and Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies as Diagnostic Tools in Cases with Non-Arthritic Chronic Hepatitis C Viral Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/03/00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/03/00001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic immunological disease that causes destruction and deformity of joints. Chronic hepatitis C infection cases could develop rheumatic like clinical presenting profile. Raised rheumatoid factor in chronic HCV infection considerably reduces the diagnostic privilege of rheumatoid factor for rheumatoid arthritis coexisting with HCV infection. Aim of the work: To determine the value of anti-citrullinated protein antibody levels in cases having chronic HCV infection in comparison to rheumatoid factor. Methodology: The research team recruited 150 non-arthritic study subjects having chronic hepatitis C virus infection rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibody levels were assayed for all study subjects for statistical analysis. Results: Rheumatoid factor +ve study subjects had statistically significantly more frequent within female gender. (p value=0.027) Rheumatoid factor high +ve cases had statistically significantly had more frequent fatty liver and higher platelets than on high RF +ve cases. (P value =0.020, <0.038 consecutively) Conclusion: HCV cases with joint involvement were not implemented in the current research study that prevented statistical estimation of the sensitivity of anti-citrullinated protein antibody for arthritis in this cohort. Racial and ethnic differences should be put in consideration in future research studies that are recommended to be multi centric in fashion.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87690754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-15DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/03/00002
This was a retrospective study and record of hemoglobin level of reproductive age group (16-45 yrs) of women in the Ready Made Garment (RMG) concentrated area, Savar, Dhaka. Descriptive statistics were used. Results were expressed as percentages/proportions, means and average. The objective of this study is to determine prevalence of Anaemia among women of reproductive age group who are working in Garments. In this study hemoglobin level of one thousand one hundred and five women of reproductive age (16-45 years) were analyzed in lab. The prevalence rate of any anemia was 71.22%. The majority of anemic women were in the category of mild (53.48 %) to moderate (14.67%) and severe Anaemia was 3.07%. Though the most affected age group was 21-25 years but the difference noted was statistically significant. The study substantiates the existence of mild to moderate form of anemia among women of reproductive age and underlines the need for iron supplementation to all reproductive women especially during the antenatal period with more attention to the most affected regions of the country.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Anaemia among Reproductive Age Group (16-45 Yrs) of Women\u0000in the RMG Concentrated Area, Savar, Dhaka","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/03/00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/03/00002","url":null,"abstract":"This was a retrospective study and record of hemoglobin level of reproductive age group (16-45 yrs) of women in\u0000the Ready Made Garment (RMG) concentrated area, Savar, Dhaka. Descriptive statistics were used. Results were\u0000expressed as percentages/proportions, means and average. The objective of this study is to determine prevalence of\u0000Anaemia among women of reproductive age group who are working in Garments. In this study hemoglobin level of\u0000one thousand one hundred and five women of reproductive age (16-45 years) were analyzed in lab. The prevalence\u0000rate of any anemia was 71.22%. The majority of anemic women were in the category of mild (53.48 %) to moderate\u0000(14.67%) and severe Anaemia was 3.07%. Though the most affected age group was 21-25 years but the difference\u0000noted was statistically significant. The study substantiates the existence of mild to moderate form of anemia among\u0000women of reproductive age and underlines the need for iron supplementation to all reproductive women especially\u0000during the antenatal period with more attention to the most affected regions of the country.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"285 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85319785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-30DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/02/00006
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (anti-GBM) disease is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting the glomerular and alveolar basement membranes. Diagnosis is based on the detection of anti-GBM autoantibodies, along with renal or lung biopsy. Some patients are both anti-GBM and ANCA positive, reflecting an association with systemic vasculitis that has been reported only in some adult cases. Dual positivity of anti-GBM and ANCA is associated with poorer prognosis and higher relapse rates therefore more aggressive and longer treatment is essential. In this case, series we report four cases of children diagnosed with anti-GBM disease that we also screened for signs of systemic vasculitis.
{"title":"Anti-Gbm Disease in Children: Outcomes and Association with Systemic Vasculitis","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/02/00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/02/00006","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (anti-GBM) disease is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting the glomerular and alveolar basement membranes. Diagnosis is based on the detection of anti-GBM autoantibodies, along with renal or lung biopsy. Some patients are both anti-GBM and ANCA positive, reflecting an association with systemic vasculitis that has been reported only in some adult cases. Dual positivity of anti-GBM and ANCA is associated with poorer prognosis and higher relapse rates therefore more aggressive and longer treatment is essential. In this case, series we report four cases of children diagnosed with anti-GBM disease that we also screened for signs of systemic vasculitis.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86166740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/02/00005
Aim: High prevalence of child undernutrition is a well-known issue in rural areas of Si Lanka. Identification of real burden, underlying specific causes and addressing those issues will help to improve the nutritional status of those children. Objective: To describe the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged one to five years in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 child-mother pairs in Siyambalanduwa MOH area using two stage cluster sampling method. Data collection done by using pre tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Relevant anthropometric measurements were done according to WHO slandered guidelines. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. The chi-square test was used, and P<0.05 was considered for statistically significant. Results: Overall 41% of children aged 1-5 years were undernourished in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Among the study subjects 24% were underweight, 25.7% were stunted, 16.4% were wasted, 9.2% were both underweight & stunted, 6.8% were both, underweight & wasted, 0.5% were both stunted & wasted and 9.9% were underweight & stunted g & wasted. Only the low total monthly income (P<0.001) and low birth weight (P<0.001) were significantly associated with child undernutrition. Conclusions and recommendations: Prevalence of undernutrition among children aged 1-5 years is unacceptably high and urgent efforts to reduce undernutrition should be a priority. Future studies should focus on assessing how to reduce the burden of undernutrition with low cost interventions.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Children Aged\u0000One to Five Years in Siyambalanduwa MOH Area","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/02/00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/02/00005","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: High prevalence of child undernutrition is a well-known issue in rural areas of Si Lanka. Identification of real\u0000burden, underlying specific causes and addressing those issues will help to improve the nutritional status of those\u0000children.\u0000Objective: To describe the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged one to five years\u0000in Siyambalanduwa MOH area.\u0000Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 child-mother pairs in Siyambalanduwa\u0000MOH area using two stage cluster sampling method. Data collection done by using pre tested interviewer administered\u0000questionnaire. Relevant anthropometric measurements were done according to WHO slandered guidelines. Statistical\u0000analysis was done using SPSS 20. The chi-square test was used, and P<0.05 was considered for statistically significant.\u0000Results: Overall 41% of children aged 1-5 years were undernourished in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Among the\u0000study subjects 24% were underweight, 25.7% were stunted, 16.4% were wasted, 9.2% were both underweight &\u0000stunted, 6.8% were both, underweight & wasted, 0.5% were both stunted & wasted and 9.9% were underweight &\u0000stunted g & wasted. Only the low total monthly income (P<0.001) and low birth weight (P<0.001) were significantly\u0000associated with child undernutrition.\u0000Conclusions and recommendations: Prevalence of undernutrition among children aged 1-5 years is unacceptably\u0000high and urgent efforts to reduce undernutrition should be a priority. Future studies should focus on assessing how\u0000to reduce the burden of undernutrition with low cost interventions.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77387023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-26DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/02/00004
The vaccination rate of the human papilloma virus vaccine [9vHPV] is low, with only 63% of eligible females and 50% eligible males receiving the vaccine in 2016. The aim of this quality improvement project was to increase the initiation rate of HPV vaccination at Smyrna Pediatrics by 20%, from 3.6% to 4.3% over four weeks. Two physicians, one nurse practitioner, and two medical assistants implemented this quality improvement initiative. There is a lack of education and standardized communication about HPV and 9vHPV to prevent against the virus. A standardized script was created so that all conversations between healthcare professionals and patients and their parents or guardians included the wording of the 9vHPV being recommended rather than optional. Educational material from the CDC was the standard handout given to each adolescent and their parent or guardian. Standardized education and communication was to be provided at each adolescent visit of the 125 eligible adolescents seen during the four-week implementation period, 4% (n = 5) agreed to receive the 9vHPV vaccine. With a baseline of 3.6% (n = 4), there was an 11.1% increase of initiation of 9vHPV. The use of standardized education documents presented to all patients and their parents or guardians established health education as the mainstay of the project and provided information about the importance of prevention and protection from the virus that the vaccine prevents. The implementation of results over a longer period of time may prove to be more effective for the practice’s increase of vaccination rates overall.
{"title":"A Quality Improvement Project to Increase the Rate of HPV Vaccination Initiation in Adolescents","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/02/00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/02/00004","url":null,"abstract":"The vaccination rate of the human papilloma virus vaccine [9vHPV] is low, with only 63% of eligible females and 50% eligible males receiving the vaccine in 2016. The aim of this quality improvement project was to increase the initiation rate of HPV vaccination at Smyrna Pediatrics by 20%, from 3.6% to 4.3% over four weeks. Two physicians, one nurse practitioner, and two medical assistants implemented this quality improvement initiative. There is a lack of education and standardized communication about HPV and 9vHPV to prevent against the virus. A standardized script was created so that all conversations between healthcare professionals and patients and their parents or guardians included the wording of the 9vHPV being recommended rather than optional. Educational material from the CDC was the standard handout given to each adolescent and their parent or guardian. Standardized education and communication was to be provided at each adolescent visit of the 125 eligible adolescents seen during the four-week implementation period, 4% (n = 5) agreed to receive the 9vHPV vaccine. With a baseline of 3.6% (n = 4), there was an 11.1% increase of initiation of 9vHPV. The use of standardized education documents presented to all patients and their parents or guardians established health education as the mainstay of the project and provided information about the importance of prevention and protection from the virus that the vaccine prevents. The implementation of results over a longer period of time may prove to be more effective for the practice’s increase of vaccination rates overall.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77094349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GHR106 is a monoclonal antibody generated against an oligopeptide corresponding to that in the extra cellular domains of human GnRH receptor. The humanized forms of GHR106 exhibit almost identical biological properties to those of decapeptide GnRH antagonists such as Antide and Cetrorelix. The Fc region of humanized GHR106 has been replaced with IgG4 subtype to eliminate activities of effector function. Therefore, the newly humanized GHR106-IgG4Fc can be used clinically as biosimilar GnRH antagonists of higher molecular size, and longer half-life (hrs. vs. days) for therapeutic treatments of fertility-related health conditions without complications arising from the effector functions of immunoglobulins.
{"title":"A New Monoclonal Antibody-Based Biosimilar GnRH Antagonist","authors":"Gregory M. Lee","doi":"10.33140/jcei.03.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.03.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"GHR106 is a monoclonal antibody generated against an oligopeptide corresponding to that in the extra cellular domains of human GnRH receptor. The humanized forms of GHR106 exhibit almost identical biological properties to those of decapeptide GnRH antagonists such as Antide and Cetrorelix. The Fc region of humanized GHR106 has been replaced with IgG4 subtype to eliminate activities of effector function. Therefore, the newly humanized GHR106-IgG4Fc can be used clinically as biosimilar GnRH antagonists of higher molecular size, and longer half-life (hrs. vs. days) for therapeutic treatments of fertility-related health conditions without complications arising from the effector functions of immunoglobulins.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79733852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/02/00003
R. Moya, Mike K. S. Chan, D. Klokol, S. Y. Pan
Metastatic cancer is often a fatal disease with low survival rate that in a course of its progression implies a pathogenic cascade involving inflammation, overexpression of reactive oxygen species, loss of DNA repair, genome instability, neoangiogenesis, epithelial infiltration, collagen destruction, and immunosuppression and apoptosis evasion by cancer cells. Understanding the cross-interaction mechanism between the immune co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules on one side and tumors cells is a key point in the development of a successful immunotherapeutic strategy to fight aggressive cancers. The Active Specific Immunotherapy (ASI) and the GC protein Macrophage Activating Factor (GcMAF) are two immunotherapies capable of modulating the innate and adaptive immunity against cancer. The aim of this work is to present a case of an invasive metastatic carcinoma treated with ASI and GcMAF Forte and discuss the potentials of the individualized immunotherapy in advanced forms of cancer. Immunotherapy improves status of immune system and as a result it increases patient’s life span (and probably survival rate). In conclusion, the ASI and GcMAF Forte may offer a promising prospective immunological biomedical approach to boost immunity and enhance life expectancy in patients with metastatic cancer.
{"title":"Active Specific Immunotherapy (ASI) and Gcmaf Forte in Management of Metastatic Invasive Carcinoma–Overview of the Therapeutic Modalities and A Case Report","authors":"R. Moya, Mike K. S. Chan, D. Klokol, S. Y. Pan","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/02/00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/02/00003","url":null,"abstract":"Metastatic cancer is often a fatal disease with low survival rate that in a course of its progression implies a pathogenic cascade involving inflammation, overexpression of reactive oxygen species, loss of DNA repair, genome instability, neoangiogenesis, epithelial infiltration, collagen destruction, and immunosuppression and apoptosis evasion by cancer cells. Understanding the cross-interaction mechanism between the immune co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules on one side and tumors cells is a key point in the development of a successful immunotherapeutic strategy to fight aggressive cancers. The Active Specific Immunotherapy (ASI) and the GC protein Macrophage Activating Factor (GcMAF) are two immunotherapies capable of modulating the innate and adaptive immunity against cancer. The aim of this work is to present a case of an invasive metastatic carcinoma treated with ASI and GcMAF Forte and discuss the potentials of the individualized immunotherapy in advanced forms of cancer. Immunotherapy improves status of immune system and as a result it increases patient’s life span (and probably survival rate). In conclusion, the ASI and GcMAF Forte may offer a promising prospective immunological biomedical approach to boost immunity and enhance life expectancy in patients with metastatic cancer.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75415427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-06DOI: 10.33140/jcei/03/02/00002
I. Tlamçani, A. Krich, Fatima Zahrae El Hamdi, M. A. Hassani
Congenital afibrinogenemia is characterized by the decrease or the absence of fibrinogen synthesis. It is a rare pathology that is transmitted autosomal recessive mode, with variable clinical demonstrations. The biological diagnosis consists in the presence of traces or absence of fibrogen with blood incoagulability. The coverage of this disease bases itself on the preventive treatment and replacement therapy based on fresh frozen plasma or fibrinogen concentrate. Through this case, we recall the various aspects of these rare condition clinical, biological, genetical as well as therapeutic plans.
{"title":"A Still Rare Case of Congenital Afibrinogenemia","authors":"I. Tlamçani, A. Krich, Fatima Zahrae El Hamdi, M. A. Hassani","doi":"10.33140/jcei/03/02/00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei/03/02/00002","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital afibrinogenemia is characterized by the decrease or the absence of fibrinogen synthesis. It is a rare pathology that is transmitted autosomal recessive mode, with variable clinical demonstrations. The biological diagnosis consists in the presence of traces or absence of fibrogen with blood incoagulability. The coverage of this disease bases itself on the preventive treatment and replacement therapy based on fresh frozen plasma or fibrinogen concentrate. Through this case, we recall the various aspects of these rare condition clinical, biological, genetical as well as therapeutic plans.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80177110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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