Journal of lifestyle medicine最新文献

Burnout and depression have been considered long-standing issues among healthcare workers worldwide. Current interventions for managing poor mental health include exercise, medical treatments, mindfulness, and workplace changes. The practice of gratitude has shown significant improvements in mental health in the general population, and it has been proposed as a potential intervention for healthcare workers. This scoping review aimed to assess the effect of gratitude on the mental health of healthcare workers as measured by burnout and depression. The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online databases were searched using medical subject headings (e.g., gratitude journaling and burnout). Studies that were not published in a peer-reviewed journal, included non-healthcare workers, did not implement gratitude interventions, or had outcomes unrelated to burnout and/or depression were excluded. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. The practice of gratitude resulted in improvements in burnout and depression in the heterogeneous populations of healthcare workers. Practicing gratitude, alone or in combination with another practice, has been shown to potentially improve and/or prevent burnout and depression among healthcare workers.

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, resulting in significant daytime impairment and frequently co-occurring with depression and anxiety. Although cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia is the standard intervention, its accessibility remains limited. Consequently, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies including yoga, Ayurveda, acupuncture, and melatonin have gained interest, despite the lack of robust supporting evidence. This study provides a scientometric evaluation of global research on CAM for insomnia, mapping publication trends, major contributors, and emerging research themes. A total of 2,204 articles and reviews published between 1970 and August 2024 were retrieved from the Scopus database. Data were analyzed using Scopus analytics, R, and VOSviewer to assess publication growth, subject areas, international collaborations, and contributions from journals, authors, and institutions. Publication output has steadily increased, with a marked rise since 1998. Research activity is primarily concentrated in medicine, pharmacology, and nursing. The USA leads global output and maintains extensive collaborations with the United Kingdom, China, and India. Harvard Medical School is a key institution, while the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine serves as a major outlet. Emerging research foci include Ayurveda, yoga, and acupuncture, particularly in relation to cancer and chronic pain management. Overall, CAM research for insomnia continues to expand and shows potential; however, rigorous, high-quality clinical trials are still needed to establish efficacy and safety. Enhanced collaboration and increased funding are essential to further advance this field.

Background: Academic stress and disordered eating behaviors are emerging as significant health concerns among female students in health-related fields, potentially leading to menstrual dysfunction. Physiotherapy students may be particularly vulnerable owing to the combination of academic, physical, and clinical demands. However, data on this triad in the context of Indian physiotherapy students remain limited.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 216 full-time female physiotherapy students (aged 18-28 years) at NIMS University, Rajasthan. A self-administered questionnaire comprising demographic information, the Eating Attitudes Test-26, a menstrual dysfunction checklist, and the Perceived Stress Scale was completed by the participants. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 (IBM Co.), and the chi-square test was used to examine associations between variables.

Results: Of the participants, 68.83% showed symptoms of eating disorders, 96.74% experienced moderate academic stress, and 35.81% reported irregular menstrual cycles. The findings indicated a significant association between academic stress and menstrual dysfunction (χ² = 11.59, p < 0.005) and between eating disorders and menstrual dysfunction (χ² = 106.47, p < 0.005). However, the study found no significant difference between undergraduate and postgraduate students, possibly due to the small sample size of postgraduate students (n = 8).

Conclusion: The findings highlight a strong interrelationship between academic stress, disordered eating, and menstrual irregularities among female physiotherapy students. Early identification, stress management, and the implementation of integrated wellness programs within academic institutions can help safeguard the physical and mental well-being of future healthcare professionals.

Background: Muscle loss is associated with chronic systemic inflammation and metabolic stress in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, studies that assessed the population-level effects of treated IBD on muscle health are limited.

Methods: In this study, pooled National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 data of adults aged 20-59 years were analyzed through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and grip strength measurements. The treated IBD status was determined using prescription medication records, prioritizing specificity to capture individuals with clinically treated diseases rather than all IBD cases. Survey-weighted regression models were used to assess the associations with grip strength, appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and muscle quality, including an IBD × age interaction.

Results: Among 5,522 adults, 25 were treated with IBD, requiring careful interpretation due to the limited effective sample size. IBD was associated with significantly lower grip strength and reduced ALMI after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index. A significant interaction indicated a steeper age-related decline in grip strength among adults with IBD. No significant differences in muscle quality were observed between the groups.

Conclusion: Muscle loss in patients with treated IBD was related to reduced lean body mass and a pattern consistent with faster age-related neuromuscular loss. These findings highlight an opportunity for the early identification of functional vulnerability using continuous muscle phenotypes and emphasize the potential role of modifiable lifestyle interventions, including physical activity, resistance training, and nutritional optimization, in preserving muscle health and improving long-term functional decline in adults with IBD.

Framed through the long COVID experience of a United Kingdom physician, this narrative delineates the neurobiological consequences of chronic stress and highlights the role of neuroplastic interventions in facilitating physiological and cognitive recovery.

Background: Sunlight offers significant health benefits; however, its therapeutic use among yoga and naturopathy physicians varies across India owing to differences in state regulations and training patterns. This study aimed to establish consensus-based guidelines for therapeutic sunbathing using the Delphi method.

Methods: This three-round Delphi study enrolled 25 yoga and naturopathy physicians, after obtaining ethical approval and informed consent. In Round 1, qualitative data were gathered through open-ended questions. In Round 2, key components were rated and ranked using a Likert scale. In Round 3, the focus was on building consensus on items that had 50%-70% agreement from Round 2.

Results: A total of 17 physicians completed all rounds. Consensus was reached on the definition, alternative names, types, indications, contraindications, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and adverse events associated with therapeutic sunbathing. Key findings included agreement on sunbathing duration of 20 minutes and preferred times of day (early morning and late afternoon). Comprehensive SOPs were developed for preoperative, operative, and postoperative procedures. High consensus was also achieved on the indications and contraindications of therapeutic sunbathing for various body systems.

Conclusion: In this study, standardized guidelines for therapeutic sunbathing were successfully developed, addressing the variability in practice owing to regional training differences. These guidelines emphasize safe and effective sun exposure practices tailored to patient needs and conditions, aligning with existing literature. To the authors' knowledge, this Delphi study is the first to provide comprehensive guidelines for therapeutic sunbathing in yoga and naturopathy, promoting standardized, evidence-based practices that enhance safety and efficacy. These guidelines should be personalized and adapted to evolving scientific evidence for optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Background: This study aimed to explore the lifestyle characteristics and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with cardiovascular disease and examine the relationship between various lifestyle dimensions and HRQoL within this population.

Methods: The cross-sectional study analyzed patients with cardiovascular disease and healthy individuals. Data were collected through face-to-face interactions between April and June. The relationships among sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and cardiovascular disease risk were analyzed using logistic regression, yielding odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. An independent t-test was employed to compare the lifestyle and HRQoL of the cardiovascular and healthy groups. Furthermore, zero-order correlation coefficients and linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between health-promoting lifestyles and HRQoL.

Results: The cardiovascular group exhibited poorer outcomes in most health-related lifestyle components. However, regarding overall lifestyle, they led healthier lives than the healthy group. Moreover, a positive association was found between health-promoting lifestyles and HRQoL in the cardiovascular group.

Conclusion: This study revealed that patients with cardiovascular diseases adopted healthier lifestyles following their diagnosis compared with the control group. These improved lifestyles were linked to better HRQoL, underscoring the importance of lifestyle changes in managing cardiovascular diseases.

Background: Modern lifestyle trends, characterized by sedentary behaviours and poor dietary choices, have a negative impact on the physical and mental health of university students at graduation and post-graduation levels. This study aims to investigate the influence of outdoor activities, dietary habits, psychological wellbeing, physical activities, sleep patterns, and bad habits on the lifestyle of university students in India, with a focus on identifying significant differences in these habits among students and exploring the potential benefits of yoga and naturopathy in improving their overall health.

Methods: An online, survey study was conducted among 710 university students using a self-administered Google Form questionnaire. Responses were received from 600 students across 18 Indian universities. After excluding 94 participants, 506 responses were evaluated for the study.

Results: Limited participation in outdoor activities was observed, and students showed a lack of interest in physical activities such as yoga and exercise. Dietary habits showed moderate improvement due to growing awareness of healthy diets, although stress led some to overeat. High stress levels negatively impacted psychological health. Sleep patterns were disturbed, likely due to high screen time. Low involvement in alcohol consumption and smoking was reported.

Conclusion: Students are aware of the harmful impact of poor dietary habits, alcohol consumption, and smoking on physical health. However, many are excessively worried about maintaining their physical fitness, leading some to overeat under stress. Additionally, students show less interest in practicing yoga and exercise, and high screen time and unbalanced sleep patterns are prevalent. Therefore, incorporating yoga and naturopathy into one's lifestyle can improve physical and mental health by mitigating stress and promoting overall well-being.

Background: A standardized walking instructor training program and a peer-delivered practice intervention were provided to the residents of a local community to investigate changes in their awareness of appropriate walking activities and community walking environments.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest design was used. Among the residents of the Hanbando-myeon, Yeongwol-gun, State of Gangwon, 303 men (64.5±13.2 years) and 329 women (64.7±13.7 years) participated in the evaluation before and after the peer-delivered intervention. A 96-hour training course for over 15 weeks was provided for first-level walking instructors of the Korea Walking Federation, in which 13 community members completed the training and obtained their qualifications. Additionally, a peer-delivered walking activity intervention led by a walking leader was performed three times a week for 72 weeks. To survey walking preferences and awareness of the walking environment, a questionnaire was administered before and 1 year after the training course. McNemar's test and paired t-test were employed to evaluate the effects of fostering walking leaders in the community.

Results: Significant improvements were found in the average number of steps per day (t = 7.54, p < 0.001) and awareness of the community walking environment (t = 2.26, p = 0.025).

Conclusion: Health promotion activities centered on community members can be an effective strategy for maintaining positive sustainability.