Journal of lifestyle medicine最新文献

Background: Rectus abdominis is the main core muscle. Weakness or any alteration in it may increase the pressure over the lower back, in obese women diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle found to be very common condition. Therefore, there may be a correlation between diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle and low back pain in obese women that needs to be explored, as there is no literature available.

Methods: In this study, 72 female subjects with Body Mass Index <30 kg/m² were recruited by snowball sampling method. Demographic (name, age) and anthropometric characteristics (height, weight and body mass index) were recorded. The separation in the rectus abdominis muscle was assessed with vernier calliper.

Results: Total subjects were included in the study; all the subjects were Female without any recent abdominal surgical history. The subjects included in the study with age of 30 years to 55 years old with body mass index of the included females must be (30-30.9) kg/m² i.e. women must come under obese category. Diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle was another variable used that must be present in each women. Low back pain was also used as the variable that may be present or may not be present in the women with diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle. The collected data were analysed by the appropriate statistical analysis tools. The p-value was found more than 0.05 (the alpha level set was less than 0.05) which is non-significant.

Conclusion: The study concluded a non-significant correlation between the diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle and low back pain in obese women. The present study concludes that it is not necessary that all obese women with low back pain always propose to have diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle.

Background: Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) such as MOTS-c and humanin have been studied for their cytoprotective functions. In mice, humanin-encoding Mtrnr2 is a mitochondrial pseudogene, and the humanin-like peptide is encoded by the nuclear Gm20594 gene. However, endogenous tissue-specific expression profiles of Gm20594 have not yet been identified.

Methods: Mtrnr1 and Gm20594 expression was profiled via reverse transcription using only oligo(dT) primers from tissues of C57BL6/J mice. To analyze altered expression upon mitochondrial biogenesis, C2C12 myocytes and brown adipocytes were differentiated. Mitochondrial DNA copy numbers were quantified for normalization.

Results: Both Mtrnr1 and Gm20594 were highly expressed in brown adipose tissue. When normalized against mitochondrial content, Mtrnr1 was identified as being highly expressed in the duodenum, followed by the jejunum. In models of mitochondrial biogenesis, both Mtrnr1 and Gm20594 were upregulated during myocyte and brown adipocyte differentiation. Increased Mtrnr1 expression during brown adipocyte differentiation remained significant after normalization against mitochondrial DNA copy number, whereas myocyte differentiation exhibited biphasic upregulation and downregulation in early and late phases, respectively.

Conclusion: Nuclear-encoded Gm20594 showed similar expression patterns of mitochondrial-encoded Mtrnr1. Brown adipose tissue presented the highest basal expression levels of Gm20594 and Mtrnr1. When normalized against mitochondrial DNA copy number, gut tissues exhibited the highest expression of Mtrnr1. Upregulation of Mtrnr1 during mitochondrial biogenesis is independent of mitochondrial content.

Cancer incidences are rising globally. Therefore, in order to prevent and treat cancer, understanding cancer pathology is crucial. Tumors reprogram their metabolic phenotype to meet their needs for bioenergy, biosynthesis, and redox control. Alteration of the metabolic pathway has been proposed as the hallmark of cancer and explains the distinction between normal and cancer cells concerning nutrient utilization. Changes in the metabolism of nutrients such as glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid are associated with cancer risk. Luckily, this can be controlled with lifestyle modifications. Improvements in lifestyle behaviors to reduce cancer risks include a healthy diet, calorie restriction, and regular physical activity. This review begins with the understandings of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Then, there will be evidence on the correlation between lifestyle factors and altered nutrient metabolism suggesting an application of lifestyle intervention for cancer risk reduction.

Background: The Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT) is a form of theories for the change across organizations. A community coalition is a structured arrangement where all members can work together on a common goal and objective. This article aimed to present how to use of CCAT framework to design interventions for increase seat belt in the bus.

Methods: The current article focuses on applications of the CCAT to provide framework for the development of activities and interventions related to bus seat belt usage.

Results: The CCAT have fourteen constructs include stages of development, community context, lead agency or convening group, coalition membership, processes, leadership and staffing, structures, pooled membership and external resources, member engagement, collaborative synergy, assessment and planning, implementation of strategies, community change outcomes, health/social outcomes and community capacity.

Conclusion: CCAT is one of the best practices that can be achieved through joint activities of multiple organizations that lead to improved health behaviors.

In this report, we describe a case of a 37-year old man who presented with a history of total cholesterol > 14 mmol/L and triglyceride levels > 40 mmol/L. The patient was initially thought to have familial hypercholesterolemia due to his elevated total cholesterol, by his family physician. He was prescribed evolucumab, a proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 9 inhibitor drug which has shown efficacy for lowering low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, to reduce his high total cholesterol. However, in this patient, the elevated total cholesterol was likely due to hypertriglyceridemia, rather than increased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Through this case we provide an approach for the clinical management of patients with elevated total cholesterol with underlying triglycerides ≥ 10 mmol/L. The primary intervention for management of triglycerides ≥ 10 mmol/L involves lifestyle modifications including, changes in diet, exercise, reduction in body mass index, and abstinence from alcohol consumption. Secondary intervention involves management through pharmacotherapy with fibrates and statins. Creating a plan of action with the patient, incorporating lifestyle modifications alone, the patient was able to reduce the triglycerides from an average of 44.94 mmol/L to 3.28 mmol/L.

Background: Combining the results of objective and subjective assessments of physical activity (PA) can provide a more complete assessment of PA patterns in medical students. This study aimed to determine the relationships between objective and subjective measured PA and its relation with socio-demographic characteristics among different stages of medical training.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 186 students of four stages of medical training. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF) and pedometer were used.

Results: There were significant differences in total PA in terms of gender, weight, and serious illness. Differences between four stages of medical training in total (p = 0.002), vigorous (p < 0.001), and moderate PA (0.026) based on IPAQ-SF as well as pedometer-counted steps in Tuesday (p = 0.002) and Wednesday (p = 0.006) were significant. The results demonstrated a positive significant relationship between total PA based on IPAQ-SF and pedometer-determined steps in four days of the week.

Conclusion: There were positive low correlations between PA based on IPAQ-SF and pedometer among medical students. The PA of medical students at different years of medical training was different based on both IPAQ-SF and pedometer, which shows the need to pay attention to the special needs of students in terms of PA at each stage.

Background: Diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are vastly prevalent in the United States. Lifestyle modification programs can aid in controlling chronic disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the health outcomes of the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) concerning blood glucose, blood pressure, and weight. CHIP is a lifestyle medicine education program involving diet modification and increased physical activity.

Methods: A quantitative, summative program evaluation was performed to measure the outcomes of CHIP. Pre and post data sets were collected on 73 individuals who completed the 12-week CHIP program. Pre and post program blood glucose levels, blood pressure readings, and weight measurements were analyzed using a paired t-test with a 95% confidence level. Analysis determined influence of the intervention on the biomarkers.

Results: The post-intervention group means showed decreases in blood glucose, blood pressure, and weight. Statistical analysis revealed significant decreases in blood glucose (p = 0.008) and weight (p = 0.000). Blood pressure readings did not have statistically significant decreases (p = 0.403); however, the pre-intervention blood pressure readings were in the normotensive range.

Conclusion: Results indicated that the Complete Health Improvement Program decreased participants' blood glucose levels, blood pressure readings, and weight measurements. Statistically significant decreases in blood glucose and weight suggest enhanced control of diabetes and obesity through utilization of CHIP.

Background: Smoking cigarettes which progressively impairs the lung functions is a leading risk factor for early death and disability worldwide. Alternate use of the tobacco products along with some exercise practicing behaviour help to prevent the impairment of lung function because most smokers fail to cease smoking. The objective of this research was to find out the effectiveness of the balloon blowing exercise among the young adult smokers using the peak expiratory flow meter.

Methods: A quasi- experimental study in which 100 male participants were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre-test and Post-test was taken using Peak expiratory flow meter, after intervention is provided.

Results: The mean appraise of the Group A pre-test was 287.1 and the post-test was 283.2, and the mean appraise of the Group B pre-test was 279.7 and the post-test was 367.2. The significant appraise was .581 for Group A and .000 for the Group B since the p < 0.05. The study shows the significant result as the p appraise is less than 0.05.

Conclusion: This study concludes that there was a significant increase in the peak expiratory flow rate in the post test of Group B.

Belonging to Millennial generation, Generation Z and Generation Alpha we have lot of changes in livelihood and lifestyle. From an orthopaedic surgeons perspective, we notice a change in diseases and disorders specific to this millennial generation. Lot of changes in lifestyle of people in past 20 years have caused newer challenges in the way doctors have been treating their patients. I hereby present a sneak peek into some of the generation specific diseases and disorders due to rampant explosion of technology in past twenty-five years. From usage of mobile phones to computers and the way we commute every day. The way we sit, the way we sleep and the way some of the young generation earns livelihood has many disorders related to posture, stress, overuse and work environment.

In this 21st century who isn't enticed by the glamorous and appealing life in the fast lane? We are surrounded by wonders, something we could never have imagined erstwhile. We have everything just a click or a call away. This alluring lifestyle comes with its own perils, the biggest one being concerned with health which is often compromised with check ins and home delivered food but the problem doesn't just lie with the outside food but also with all those chemical enriched engineered expensive food items. The industry often tempers with our food to make it "More Attractive" to the consumer. However, in modern era, availability of drugs and fancy powders has led to imbalance of health and nutrition, contrary to the previous era when home gardening was very common and people preferred fresh-foods which didn't contain added chemicals. They even used to treat some of the health problems with the natural ways that we nowadays refer to DIYs (Do-it-yourselves). Since Ayurveda used natural herbs and plant extracts for treatment, the earth was fresher and less-polluted which led to greater life expectancy. The modern era also has its own benefits like excellences in allopathy medicine has brought a cure to many untreatable diseases of the ancient times, and have even eradicated certain diseases like smallpox and polio. To summarize, both the time had their own pros and cons, so it would be better if we take both of their advantages into consideration and work ahead to live a healthy life.