Journal of lifestyle medicine最新文献

Background: Identifying lifestyle characteristics in higher education can lead to effective interventions that benefit both individuals and communities.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted on medical students of a private university using the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire (FLQ) to assess healthy lifestyles, as well as a custom sociodemographic questionnaire. Additionally, correlations among sociodemographic factors and alcohol intake, activity, tobacco and toxins, family and friends, insight, nutrition, type of behavior, career, sleep, seatbelt, stress, and safe sex domains were assessed.

Results: This study assessed 188 lifestyle profiles, of which 148 have complete data for evaluating the total FLQ score. The majority of evaluated lifestyles were characterized as "good (42.5%)" and "very good (35.8%)", and correlations were identified between the total FLQ score and between the preclinical and later course phases, the 18-20 years and older age brackets, and any romantic relationship and being single. Additional associations were observed for the other domains with other sociodemographic factors.

Conclusion: Medical students frequently present with a lifestyle that may be improved through various targeted interventions.

Background: Plyometric training involves dynamic activities such as hopping, jumping, skipping, and bounding, and is used to improve dynamic muscle performance. The study aims to determine the effects of a 3-week plyometric training program on the explosive strength (standing broad jump [SBJ]), speed (30-meter sprint), and agility (t-test) of badminton players.

Methods: The study recruited 102 eligible subjects who were randomly divided into two groups (51 per group). Both groups were initially tested for agility, speed, and strength. Thereafter, the experimental group underwent the plyometric exercise program twice per week for 3 weeks with a 2-day recovery period in between sessions. During the 3 weeks, the control group continued its routine exercise without plyometric training. After 3 weeks, the study tested both groups for agility, speed, and strength.

Results: The agility of the experimental group after plyometric training (pre = 10.51±0.35 vs. post = 9.74±0.39 s) was significantly improved [t (100) = 9.941, p < 0.001] compared with the control group (10.65±0.29 vs. 10.53±0.33 s). Performance in terms of speed was significantly increased [t (100) = 4.675, p < 0.001] for the experimental group (pre = 4.58±0.35 vs. post = 4.06±0.45 s) compared with the control group (pre = 4.62±0.29 vs. post = 4.47±0.34 s). The experimental group (pre = 181.17±6.05 vs. post = 178.30±5.97 s) exhibited a substantial improvement [t (100) = 4.95, p < 0.001] in terms of explosive power compared with that of the control group (pre = 183.02±3.89 vs. post = 183.88±3.91 s).

Conclusion: The findings emphasize the benefits of plyometric training in increasing the performance level required during movements in badminton. Plyometrics can help badminton players enhance their agility, speed, and explosive power.

Background: Government guidelines for lockdown and quarantine measures impacted the daily lives and health of individuals amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pandemic caused significant changes in the daily routine and lifestyles of individuals worldwide with the simultaneous emergence of mental health disorders. Stress caused by COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks and consequent social isolation significantly influenced the mental health and quality of life of professionals among Indian population. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health and quality of life among Indian professionals embarked as COVID-19 survivors.

Methods: A 20-item self-administered questionnaire was developed and circulated among the participants with the following domains: helplessness, apprehension, mood swing, physical activity, restlessness, insomnia, irritation, mental stress, and emotional instability to assess their mental health and quality of life.

Results: Of the total 322 participants, 73.6% of individuals experienced helplessness, 56.2% felt the need for counseling, 65.5% reported feeling irritated even over minor issues, 62.1% experienced negative thoughts during isolation, 76.5% experienced difficulty in falling asleep, and 71.9% felt restless during their course of illness.

Conclusion: The study concludes that mental health and quality of life among COVID-19 survivors was affected by sleep, physical activities, emotional instability, and job profile, as well as support from others, mood swings, and the need for counseling.

Background: The parental Stress Scale (PSS) is an 18 item self-report scale that indicates positive (e.g., emotional benefits, personal development) and negative (demands on resources, restrictions) themes of parenthood. This study was aimed to study the reliability and validity of the Gujarati version of PSS (PSS-G) by a study performed among parents of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Methods: In total, 152 parents of children with CP were assessed for evaluation of stress using the Gujarati version of PSS and the English version of the Parenting Stress Index- Short form. Concurrent validity was evaluated using Pearson's correlations, internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient value.

Results: The scales of the PSS-G revealed high internal consistency (i.e., Cronbach's α = 0.923) and the intraclass correlation coefficient value for test-retest reliability of 0.987. Moreover, Pearson's correlation coefficient also supports the concurrent validity of PSS-G for parents of children with CP.

Conclusion: The PSS-G is a valid and reliable outcome measure to evaluate parental stress in parents of children with CP. As the robust psychometric properties of PSS-G is already established, research can be performed to extend its utility and routine use in clinical and public health settings.

Background: While the number of lifestyle intervention studies for women with obesity continues to increase, the research trends related to this topic should be evaluated through text network analysis.

Methods: A total of 231 relevant studies published in international journals between 2011 and 2021 were identified. Semantic morphemes of the abstracts were refined, and a co-occurrence matrix with 117 keywords was generated using the text network analysis program NetMiner 4.3.

Results: The core keywords were determined as the top 25 in degree centrality, closeness centrality, or betweenness centrality. 'Lifestyle', 'Intervention', 'Diet', 'Exercise', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'Body', 'Composition', 'Quality of life', 'Obesity', 'Gain', 'Diet', and 'Loss' were the most frequently used keywords.

Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a general overview of the research trends in lifestyle interventions for women with obesity and may be used as reference for future research.

Background: Airline pilots experience unique occupational demands that may contribute to adverse physical and psychological health outcomes. Epidemiological reports have shown a substantial prevalence of cardiometabolic health risk factors including excessive body weight, elevated blood pressure, poor lifestyle behaviors, and psychological fatigue. Achieving health guidelines for lifestyle behavior nutrition, physical activity, and sleep are protective factors against the development of noncommunicable diseases and may mitigate the unfavorable occupational demands of airline pilots. This narrative review examines occupational characteristics for sleep, nutrition, and physical activity and outlines evidence-based strategies to inform health behavior interventions to mitigate cardiometabolic health risk factors among airline pilots.

Methods: Literature sources published between 1990 and 2022 were identified through electronic searches in PubMed, MEDLINE (via OvidSP), PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, and a review of official reports and documents from regulatory authorities pertaining to aviation medicine and public health was conducted. The literature search strategy comprised key search terms relating to airline pilots, health behaviors, and cardiometabolic health. The inclusion criteria for literature sources were peer-reviewed human studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and reports or documents published by regulatory bodies.

Results: The results of the review show occupational factors influencing nutrition, sleep, and physical activity behaviors and delineate evident occupational disruptions to these lifestyle behaviors. Evidence from clinical trials demonstrates the efficacy of nutrition, sleep, and physical activity interventions for enhancing the cardiometabolic health of airline pilots.

Conclusion: This narrative review suggests that implementing evidence-based interventions focused on nutrition, physical activity, and sleep could help mitigate cardiometabolic health risk factors among airline pilots, who are particularly susceptible to adverse health outcomes due to unique occupational demands.

The use of exergaming exercises is increasingly becoming accepted as an alternative to surgical and medical therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the area has attracted some results, there is still no conclusive evidence on the benefit of exergaming exercises in improving PD patients' body balance. The current study is a systematic review aiming at examining the effectiveness of the Nintendo Wii Fit ("Wii Fit") game on improving the balance in people with Parkinson's disease. A total of 200 articles were selected online after conducting an extensive search on PubMed, Cochrane, PEDro, CAPES Periodic, ResearchGate, Web of Science, and ProQuest. Upon reviewing the identified sources, ten articles were included, of which four were randomized control trials. The results show that at least five weeks of Wii Fit exercises effectively enhance PD patients' body balance and life outcomes. However, better results occur when patients combine Wii Fit with other conventional exercises.

Poor lifestyle is associated with a high risk of developing the symptoms of post-COVID. It does not only have the negative effect on physical health, but also psychological health. This also creates a challenge on health care system. One of the cost-effective and easy ways to deal this situation is medication of lifestyle. The review study aimed to understand the importance of lifestyle modification in managing symptoms of post-COVID.

Background: Middle age is one of the most important times in a woman's life, and it is a time when multiple changes occur that affect the body and health. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention (LSI) program, including stress management, on middle-aged women's physical, physiological, and mental health.

Methods: A total of 40 middle-aged women participated in a short-term LSI program, nutrition, exercise, and mental and physical management with various experiential activities. Physical measurements, biochemical indicators, stress hormones, chronic fatigue, and quality of life indicators were evaluated to interpret the clinical efficacy of the program.

Results: LSI program significantly improved satisfaction and quality of life in participants. Total chronic fatigue scores reduced significantly compared to scores before the start of the program. Moreover, fat mass and body fat were reduced without loss of muscle mass. Further, blood pressure and triglyceride levels significantly decreased after completing the LSI program. However, changes in stress hormone levels remained insignificant.

Conclusion: Adoption of LSI in middle-aged women demonstrated positive implications of the program. LSI efficiently regulates body fat, fat mass, fatigue, hypertension, and triglyceride levels which play a critical role in determining the quality of life. Thus, the LSI program could spread healthy lifestyles among middle-aged women.

Background: Limited information is available on the sleep and propensity for daytime sleepiness in young medical doctors of India.

Methods: The 2-week self-reported data surrounding sleep and exercise habits, and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score obtained from volunteering doctors of a tertiary care hospital in India, were summarized as median (Q1-Q3). Comparisons with Mann-Whitney U test and correlations with Spearman's rank correlation were done.

Results: Forty-seven doctors (28 [26-33] years, 16 males) reported a total sleep duration (TSD) of 6.3 (6-6.7) hours, sleep latency of 9 (5.1-15.8) minutes, and ESS score of 8 (5-10). The number of days (out of 14) when the subjective feeling of 'refreshed', 'somewhat refreshed', and 'fatigued' was experienced was respectively 6 (2-9), 5 (3-8), and 1 (0-4). Junior-level doctors experienced more days of 'fatigue' than senior-level doctors (3 [0-4.3], 0 [0-0]; p = 0.002). Doctors who did not exercise reported greater days of fatigue than those who exercised (2 [0-4.8], 0 [0-2]; p = 0.047).

Conclusions: The young doctors of our study slept less than the recommended amount of 7 hours by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Their short sleep latency and normal propensity for daytime sleepiness, though encouraging, may be an effect of insufficient sleep and mentally alerting daytime schedule respectively. Notably, we found a positive association between exercise habits and subjective restoration following sleep in our study population. The sleep requirements and sleep structure among Indians are yet to be established. Our findings add to the data on sleep in the Indian context.