Journal of lifestyle medicine最新文献

Primary dysmenorrhea is characterized by recurring, crampy lower abdominal pain occurring during menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology. It is the most common gynaecological complaint among adolescents. According to the literature, young females with primary dysmenorrhea experience stress, anxiety, lower-back pain, and depression. Yoga is widely practiced to improve health and promote relaxation. It includes breath regulation, simple meditation, and practicing particular body postures. Regular Yoga practice can serve as an adjunct to the primary treatment of dysmenorrhea symptoms. This study focuses on the impacts and benefits of yoga in young females with dysmenorrhea and associated physiological changes.

Tightness of the pectoralis minor muscle has been a common characteristic of abnormal posture. Prolonged inappropriate posture while using computers/laptops results in musculoskeletal problems, mainly in the upper limb. This study aims to see how the muscular energy technique affected pectoralis minor tightness in computer users right away. This study included 65 individuals aged 20-40 years following the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Participants received muscle energy technique for the pectoralis minor muscle. Pre- and post-assessment included the evaluation of pectoralis minor length, round shoulder posture (RSP), and forward head posture (FHP). We used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to assess the normality of data, as this study included > 50 participants. Data analysis was conducted using a paired t-test for within-group analysis. The outcome measures demonstrated significant improvement (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the muscle energy technique is effective in reducing muscle tightness, improving RSP and reducing FHP.

Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for non-communicable disease. This study used the Ottawa Charter as a framework to explore responses for low physical activity caused by gender inequity. The researchers examined factors related to physical activity in women based on Ottawa Charter strategies. Promote the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of women about health issues, as well as work in socio-demographic factors as social support. The community level corresponds to the physical settings that affect physical activity. Lack of suitable places and facilities, absence of walking paths, neighborhood hazards, insufficient sports campaigns for women, shortage of government financial support for female athletes, and religious legislation in Islamic countries are the barriers to ensure physical activity in women. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the relevant advantages of physical activity in women across the Ottawa Charter declaration.

Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD) is characterized by painful cramps before or during menstruation. It is generally treated with nonpharmacological methods. However, with the advancement of research and the passage of time, physiotherapy plays an increasingly important role in treating patients with PD. Electrotherapy and exercise therapy are conservative methods to treat PD. Alternative methods to minimize reliance on medicinal-based treatments are the need of the hour. This review aims to determine the efficacy of exercise-based therapies and electrotherapy modalities in treating PD. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards have been used in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched to facilitate the same. The articles from 2011 to 2021 were included in this review. The quality of the review was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The visual analog scale was taken as a measure of pain intensity in the meta-analysis, and other outcomes have been included in the systematic review discussed. A total of 15 publications have been included, with a meta-analysis of 7. All included studies were of high quality (PEDro ≥ 5), and demonstrated the efficacy of exercise-based therapies and electrotherapy modalities in treating pain in females with PD. This review aims to check the impact of exercise and electrotherapy in females suffering from PD.

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is increasing exponentially in the industrialized world. According to the World Health Organization, 17.8 million people died in 2019 as a result of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), accounting for 31.0% of all fatalities worldwide. Even though CVD is more common in low and middle-income countries, it is responsible for three-quarters of all cardiovascular-related deaths worldwide. The most common attributes for the occurrence of CVD are the physical, psychological, and psychosocial factors. Arterial stiffness, which is a precursor of CVD, is most commonly affected by said factors and serves as a predictor for CVD diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The purpose of this article is to learn more about the relationship between arterial stiffness and the physical, psychological, and psychosocial characteristics of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to proposed ways to lower the co-morbidities following CVD. PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science were used for the present review. Only articles published between 1988 and 2022 that discussed physical, psychological, and psychosocial characteristics were considered. A narrative discussion is used to extract and review the information from the selected articles. Several factors related to arterial stiffness and cardiovascular illness have been reviewed, and data has been compiled. This review proposed recommendations and a list of linked factors for prevention and to lower morbidity of cardiovascular illness.

Background: Identifying lifestyle characteristics in higher education can lead to effective interventions that benefit both individuals and communities.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted on medical students of a private university using the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire (FLQ) to assess healthy lifestyles, as well as a custom sociodemographic questionnaire. Additionally, correlations among sociodemographic factors and alcohol intake, activity, tobacco and toxins, family and friends, insight, nutrition, type of behavior, career, sleep, seatbelt, stress, and safe sex domains were assessed.

Results: This study assessed 188 lifestyle profiles, of which 148 have complete data for evaluating the total FLQ score. The majority of evaluated lifestyles were characterized as "good (42.5%)" and "very good (35.8%)", and correlations were identified between the total FLQ score and between the preclinical and later course phases, the 18-20 years and older age brackets, and any romantic relationship and being single. Additional associations were observed for the other domains with other sociodemographic factors.

Conclusion: Medical students frequently present with a lifestyle that may be improved through various targeted interventions.

Background: Plyometric training involves dynamic activities such as hopping, jumping, skipping, and bounding, and is used to improve dynamic muscle performance. The study aims to determine the effects of a 3-week plyometric training program on the explosive strength (standing broad jump [SBJ]), speed (30-meter sprint), and agility (t-test) of badminton players.

Methods: The study recruited 102 eligible subjects who were randomly divided into two groups (51 per group). Both groups were initially tested for agility, speed, and strength. Thereafter, the experimental group underwent the plyometric exercise program twice per week for 3 weeks with a 2-day recovery period in between sessions. During the 3 weeks, the control group continued its routine exercise without plyometric training. After 3 weeks, the study tested both groups for agility, speed, and strength.

Results: The agility of the experimental group after plyometric training (pre = 10.51±0.35 vs. post = 9.74±0.39 s) was significantly improved [t (100) = 9.941, p < 0.001] compared with the control group (10.65±0.29 vs. 10.53±0.33 s). Performance in terms of speed was significantly increased [t (100) = 4.675, p < 0.001] for the experimental group (pre = 4.58±0.35 vs. post = 4.06±0.45 s) compared with the control group (pre = 4.62±0.29 vs. post = 4.47±0.34 s). The experimental group (pre = 181.17±6.05 vs. post = 178.30±5.97 s) exhibited a substantial improvement [t (100) = 4.95, p < 0.001] in terms of explosive power compared with that of the control group (pre = 183.02±3.89 vs. post = 183.88±3.91 s).

Conclusion: The findings emphasize the benefits of plyometric training in increasing the performance level required during movements in badminton. Plyometrics can help badminton players enhance their agility, speed, and explosive power.

Background: Government guidelines for lockdown and quarantine measures impacted the daily lives and health of individuals amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pandemic caused significant changes in the daily routine and lifestyles of individuals worldwide with the simultaneous emergence of mental health disorders. Stress caused by COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks and consequent social isolation significantly influenced the mental health and quality of life of professionals among Indian population. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health and quality of life among Indian professionals embarked as COVID-19 survivors.

Methods: A 20-item self-administered questionnaire was developed and circulated among the participants with the following domains: helplessness, apprehension, mood swing, physical activity, restlessness, insomnia, irritation, mental stress, and emotional instability to assess their mental health and quality of life.

Results: Of the total 322 participants, 73.6% of individuals experienced helplessness, 56.2% felt the need for counseling, 65.5% reported feeling irritated even over minor issues, 62.1% experienced negative thoughts during isolation, 76.5% experienced difficulty in falling asleep, and 71.9% felt restless during their course of illness.

Conclusion: The study concludes that mental health and quality of life among COVID-19 survivors was affected by sleep, physical activities, emotional instability, and job profile, as well as support from others, mood swings, and the need for counseling.

Background: The parental Stress Scale (PSS) is an 18 item self-report scale that indicates positive (e.g., emotional benefits, personal development) and negative (demands on resources, restrictions) themes of parenthood. This study was aimed to study the reliability and validity of the Gujarati version of PSS (PSS-G) by a study performed among parents of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Methods: In total, 152 parents of children with CP were assessed for evaluation of stress using the Gujarati version of PSS and the English version of the Parenting Stress Index- Short form. Concurrent validity was evaluated using Pearson's correlations, internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient value.

Results: The scales of the PSS-G revealed high internal consistency (i.e., Cronbach's α = 0.923) and the intraclass correlation coefficient value for test-retest reliability of 0.987. Moreover, Pearson's correlation coefficient also supports the concurrent validity of PSS-G for parents of children with CP.

Conclusion: The PSS-G is a valid and reliable outcome measure to evaluate parental stress in parents of children with CP. As the robust psychometric properties of PSS-G is already established, research can be performed to extend its utility and routine use in clinical and public health settings.

Background: While the number of lifestyle intervention studies for women with obesity continues to increase, the research trends related to this topic should be evaluated through text network analysis.

Methods: A total of 231 relevant studies published in international journals between 2011 and 2021 were identified. Semantic morphemes of the abstracts were refined, and a co-occurrence matrix with 117 keywords was generated using the text network analysis program NetMiner 4.3.

Results: The core keywords were determined as the top 25 in degree centrality, closeness centrality, or betweenness centrality. 'Lifestyle', 'Intervention', 'Diet', 'Exercise', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'Body', 'Composition', 'Quality of life', 'Obesity', 'Gain', 'Diet', and 'Loss' were the most frequently used keywords.

Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a general overview of the research trends in lifestyle interventions for women with obesity and may be used as reference for future research.