Journal of prevention (2022)最新文献

This practitioner narrative aims to describe the implementation of the European Prevention Curriculum (EUPC) in Latvia, highlighting the structure, key achievements, challenges, and lessons learnt to inform future implementation efforts. Until 2025, Latvia has translated the EUPC handbook into the national language, ensured EUPC basic trainings since 2021 and the academic course since 2023, and, with the support of the European Drugs Agency (EUDA, formerly known as the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, EMCDDA), trained five national EUPC trainers. Currently, the EUPC training is offered at most twice a year-once for national decision-makers, opinion leaders, and policymakers (DOPs) and once for university students. Key barriers to the large-scale implementation of the EUPC include limited funding, the additional workload associated with delivering EUPC trainings for national trainers, the absence of a national implementation framework, and the lack of official recognition of EUPC certification. Nevertheless, an analysis of participants' pre-test and post-test responses demonstrates an increase in self-reported knowledge related to EUPC content. Furthermore, elements of the EUPC have been integrated into various methodological and educational materials on substance use prevention in Latvia.

Prevention science has made significant strides in establishing evidence-based interventions and quality standards for drug prevention. However, widespread dissemination and implementation remains limited. This article explores how in the European context reference points such as the European Drug Prevention Quality Standards (EDPQS), the Universal Prevention Curriculum (UPC) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) International Standards on drug use prevention created the roots to promote evidence-based prevention. This article briefly reports the outputs of the ASAP-Training project and how it can be considered as a milestone in the European dissemination of the EUPC, thanks to the idea of linking the training of the prevention professional workforce to the analysis of countries' prevention systems. Key outputs include the development of national prevention profiles, training curricula, and an online platform to support sustainability together with a new-born network of European trainers that now counts more than a hundred members. The paper ends with the presentation of the Italian institutional process that brought the EUPC into the framework of the national prevention plan, assuring its sustainability and wider dissemination in all Italian regions. The collaboration with the European Union Drugs Agency (EUDA) ensures ongoing access and dissemination of training resources, ultimately aiming to enhance the quality and impact of drug prevention efforts in Europe.

The Laboratory for Prevention Research (PrevLab) (University of Zagreb Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences (UniZG ERF) has a long-standing involvement in EU projects that developed the EUPC curriculum and associated training (DOPs, frontline prevention practitioners and academic version) led to the implementation and dissemination of the EUPC throughout Croatia. In this article, the focus is on the EUPC for DOPs, as the training of DOPs has emerged as a priority in the process of implementing a quality prevention system in the country. The Implementation of EUPC training for DOPs is carried out in close collaboration between Service on Addiction Policies of the Croatian Institute of Public Health (Further: CIPH) and PrevLab. PrevLab ensures that the training materials are constantly updated based on (inter)national research and provides supervision for the trainers, while CIPH provides the financial and organisational resources for the implementation of the training. To date, 119 DOPs have participated in the training and the evaluation results show that the learning outcomes of the training have been achieved. An evaluation tool still needs to be developed to assess the impact of the EUPC training for DOPs on the national prevention system. In addition, further measures need to be taken to ensure the recognition and participation of high-level DOPs in the EUPC training. A strong factor promoting the (further) implementation of EUPC training for DOPs is the fact that the need for DOP training on evidence-based prevention is recognised in national documents in the field of substance use prevention, as well as the strong support from CIPH, an organisation with high credibility and influence at national level, and the national focal point of the EUDA.

This article examines the implementation of the European Prevention Curriculum (EUPC) in Germany since 2019. Since its introduction, EUPC has been delivered in Germany to 307 participants through 22 courses (17 basic, 5 advanced), offering both online and in-person training. Key partnerships with the State Prevention Council of Lower Saxony, the German Forum for Crime Prevention, and the Hannover Medical School have strengthened implementation. An evaluation with 51 prevention professionals showed significant improvements across 14 of 25 competency domains, with strongest effects in evidence-based program registry usage and prevention advocacy. Germany's federal structure presented challenges for nationwide implementation, reflected in varying regional engagement. The curriculum's alignment with the Prevention Act of 2015, which promotes quality-assured prevention measures, created a supportive policy framework for EUPC graduates. Despite its voluntary nature limiting mainstream adoption, EUPC has fostered evidence-based practices and cultivated a professional community united by a common understanding of prevention quality. Recommendations include building strategic partnerships, leveraging existing policies, and systematically fostering the community of practice that emerges from the training.

Schools play a crucial role in shaping the health and well-being of children and adolescents. With the global impact of COVID-19, the need for robust disease prevention and control programs within educational settings has become more apparent than ever. This study examined the association between school-based disease prevention and control programs and students' physical health and academic performance in Ghana, a developing country, with a focus on the mediating roles of mental health and health literacy. Conducted with 386 students using a descriptive cross-sectional design and a quantitative research approach, the study employed questionnaires for data collection and structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for analysis. The findings indicated that school-based disease prevention and control programs are associated with higher health literacy among students and linked to better physical health and academic performance. However, the impact on mental health was not significant. The results indicated that these programs are positively associated with physical health outcomes and academic achievement, with mental health serving as a partial mediator. This research highlights the importance of integrating comprehensive disease prevention and control programs, including mental health workshops, to address gaps in mental health outcomes in schools. It also emphasizes the need for governments and development partners to develop robust health policies focused on school-based health programs. Adapting these initiatives to local contexts while implementing evidence-based strategies aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals of good health and well-being (SDG 3) and quality education (SDG 4).

Emotional eating (EE; eating in response to negative emotions) is a considerable problem in adults with obesity. Recent meta-analyses of behavioral treatments for those with elevated body mass index (BMI) have demonstrated inconsistent, but generally minimal, effects for dealing with EE. This might largely be due to inappropriate sampling, cross-sectional research designs, and a lack of understanding of theory-driven psychosocial mechanisms of EE change. This study aimed to inform mental health, medical, and health behavior-change professionals on methods to address EE within obesity treatments. Within the present field-based research, women with high EE participated in 6-month community-based obesity treatments emphasizing either weight-management education + attention on EE (n = 34), self-regulatory skills-no attention on EE (n = 43), or self-regulatory skills + attention on EE (n = 42). Each condition incorporated physical activity for its mood-change potentials. Significant improvements in physical activity, mood, eating-related self-regulation and self-efficacy, EE, and weight were found in all groups, with greater advances occurring in the self-regulation vs. educationally focused conditions. Incorporating aggregated data, significant theory- and previous research-derived paths from changes in physical activity → mood → self-regulation → self-efficacy → EE change over 6 months, and over 12 months, were identified. Reductions in EE over 6 and 12 months predicted weight loss over 6, 12, and 24 months. Findings supported tenets of social cognitive theory, self-regulation theory, the mood-behavior model, and self-efficacy theory, and informed future behavioral obesity treatments on evidence-driven methods to better-address EE within scalable settings.

This bibliometric study aims to contribute to the literature on adolescent pregnancy by exploring gaps, research trends, contributing countries and journals, collaboration networks, and subject themes, offering a macro perspective on the field's development and future directions. This study employed a bibliometric research methodology. Publications containing the keywords adolescent, adolescence, youth, teenager, puberty, juvenile, pregnancy, and pregnant were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database (1980-April 24, 2024) and analyzed using VOSviewer and the open-source R bibliometric package, adhering to predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The concept of adolescent pregnancy has been studied annually from 1980 to the present, peaking in 2022. Key research topics include sexual and reproductive health, contraception, and depression. According to Lotka's Law, 84.7% of authors in this field have published only once. Recent studies have focused on birth weight and pregnancy risks. The most cited publication globally and locally is by Ganchimeg et al., while the Journal of Adolescent Health is the most productive platform. The United States, Brazil, the United Kingdom, South Africa, Canada, and Turkey are the most productive countries in this field. The results of this study highlight that adolescent pregnancy remains a global public health issue, as evidenced by its consistent presence in annual research. Key research gaps and trends include social and emotional challenges faced by pregnant adolescents, physical development and health during adolescent pregnancy, causes and prevalence trends, preventive education services, and psychosocial interventions. Further research is essential to develop effective interventions for preventing adolescent pregnancy and safeguarding the best interests of children.