{"title":"Transfer Characteristics of Trace Metals from Soil to the Edible Parts of Some Vegetable Species Grown in Ibeno, South-South Nigeria","authors":"E. Moses, I. Udousoro, A. Edem","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/27123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/27123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84664410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: To determine the major classes of secondary metabolites found in the leaves of Catharanthus roseus (L.). Study Design: The study aimed to determine the major classes of secondary metabolites of plant species Catharanthus roseus through technical and classical methodologies. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry of Pharmacy Original Research Article
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening of Leaves of Catharanthus roseus (L.)","authors":"A. Almeida, R. S. Ramos, S. Almeida","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/19227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/19227","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To determine the major classes of secondary metabolites found in the leaves of Catharanthus roseus (L.). Study Design: The study aimed to determine the major classes of secondary metabolites of plant species Catharanthus roseus through technical and classical methodologies. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry of Pharmacy Original Research Article","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84764453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equilibrium, Kinetic Studies on the Adsorption of Acid Green 3 (Ag3) Dye Onto Azolla filiculoides as Adosorbent","authors":"D. Balarak, E. Bazrafshan, F. Mostafapour","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/22048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/22048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"93 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88569793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigated the biodegradation of Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Methyl paraben (MP) both in Shampoo and Hair dressing salon wastewater using bacteria isolated from sewage treatment sludge. The biodegradation was carried out according to the OECD Guideline for ready biodegradability and was monitored by standard spectrophotometric methods. The results obtained indicated that these compounds were degraded biotically by simple bacteria identified using a Microgen Kit for bacteria characterization. Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnemoniae degraded 98.3% of the original SDS level in the Standard SDS solution on 7 days of incubation; Klebsiella planticola and Proteus vulgaris degraded 98.9% of the original SDS level for 10 days of incubation and 94.4% of MP on 13 days of incubation in the Shampoo solution; Vibro cholera, Pseudomonas beteli and Escherichia coli degraded 98.1% of the initial SDS level on 5 days of incubation and 90.5% of the initial MP level on 4 days of incubation; Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus degraded 92.0% of the MP level in the standard MP solution on 7 days of incubation while the inoculum control was found to contain Pseudomonas aeuroginosa Salmonella typhi . In conclusion, the results of this study suggested that this method of biodegradation of surfactant is cost effective and using bacteria as a biodegradation agent is environmently friendly.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate and Methyl Paraben in Shampoo and Hair Dressing Salon Waste by Bacteria from Sewage Treatment Sludge","authors":"P. Onuche, F. Okibe, V. Ajibola","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/25103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/25103","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the biodegradation of Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Methyl paraben (MP) both in Shampoo and Hair dressing salon wastewater using bacteria isolated from sewage treatment sludge. The biodegradation was carried out according to the OECD Guideline for ready biodegradability and was monitored by standard spectrophotometric methods. The results obtained indicated that these compounds were degraded biotically by simple bacteria identified using a Microgen Kit for bacteria characterization. Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnemoniae degraded 98.3% of the original SDS level in the Standard SDS solution on 7 days of incubation; Klebsiella planticola and Proteus vulgaris degraded 98.9% of the original SDS level for 10 days of incubation and 94.4% of MP on 13 days of incubation in the Shampoo solution; Vibro cholera, Pseudomonas beteli and Escherichia coli degraded 98.1% of the initial SDS level on 5 days of incubation and 90.5% of the initial MP level on 4 days of incubation; Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus degraded 92.0% of the MP level in the standard MP solution on 7 days of incubation while the inoculum control was found to contain Pseudomonas aeuroginosa Salmonella typhi . In conclusion, the results of this study suggested that this method of biodegradation of surfactant is cost effective and using bacteria as a biodegradation agent is environmently friendly.","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89394674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. R. Tchouya, Giresse Delphang Nguema Obiang, J. Bongui, J. Lébibi
{"title":"Phytochemical Study of Sacoglottis gabonensis (Baill.) Urb. Isolation of Bioactive Compounds from the Stem Bark","authors":"G. R. Tchouya, Giresse Delphang Nguema Obiang, J. Bongui, J. Lébibi","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/22314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/22314","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82010333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present investigation, degradation of a non biodegradable azo dye, malachite green has been carried out using lithium copper molybdate (Li2CuMo2O8) as a photocatalyst. This catalyst was prepared by solid state reaction between Li2CO3, CuO and MoO3. The effect of various parameters such as pH, concentration of malachite green, amount of lithium copper molybdate and light intensity has also been studied. Water quality parameters like chemical oxygen demand (COD), conductance, pH, TDS, salinity and dissolved oxygen have been determined before and after treatment. The rate of photodegradation of malachite green dye followed pseudofirst order kinetics. A tentative mechanism involving OH radicals as an oxidant for degradation of dye has
{"title":"Synthesis of Lithium Copper Molybdate Nanoparticles and their Application for Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green","authors":"M. Joshi, P. Kumawat, R. Ameta, S. Ameta","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/20291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/20291","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, degradation of a non biodegradable azo dye, malachite green has been carried out using lithium copper molybdate (Li2CuMo2O8) as a photocatalyst. This catalyst was prepared by solid state reaction between Li2CO3, CuO and MoO3. The effect of various parameters such as pH, concentration of malachite green, amount of lithium copper molybdate and light intensity has also been studied. Water quality parameters like chemical oxygen demand (COD), conductance, pH, TDS, salinity and dissolved oxygen have been determined before and after treatment. The rate of photodegradation of malachite green dye followed pseudofirst order kinetics. A tentative mechanism involving OH radicals as an oxidant for degradation of dye has","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89427470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Xylopic Acid Derivatives","authors":"W. Kofie, J. Fetse, R. Adosraku","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/27962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/27962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89862835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Uchegbu, A. Ahuchaogu, C. Mbadiugha, K. Amanze, C. Igara, I. Iwu, P. Ikechukwu-Nwankwo
Aim: To ascertain the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of the extracts of seeds of Mucuna pruriens (utilis). Study Design: The study was designed to test the inhibitory ability of the plant extract on edema and human pathogens and to test its antioxidant activity. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri. Imo state Nigeria, between March 2013 to September 2014. Methodology: The seeds of M. pruriens were cracked, the testa were removed and the seeds were milled into fine powder with Thomas Willey milling machine and dissolved in ethanol for 48 hrs, this was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated with Rota evaporator at 40°C and then used for analysis. The effects of Mucuna pruriens (utilis) on the acute and chronic phases of inflammation were studied in carrageenan and formalin induced paw edema respectively. The anti-edema effect Original Research Article Uchegbu et al.; ACSJ, 13(2): 1-8, 2016; Article no.ACSJ.24043 2 of these seeds was compared with diclofenac potassium 10 mg/kg orally. The antibacterial activity was performed by filter paper disc diffusion technique. The antioxidant activity of the seeds of M. pruriens was evaluated by reducing power test. Results: Administration of M. pruriens (10 mg/kg) and diclofenac potassium (10 mg/kg) decreased the inflammation at the rate of 9.8% and 62.0% respectively and increase in dosage of M. pruriens (50 mg/kg) showed a decrease at the rate of 47.80% for acute inflammation and 38.80% for chronic inflammation. Thus the crude extracts exhibited significant activity in rats. The seeds were found to have high antioxidant activities. Extracts of the seeds of Mucuna pruriens exhibited strong antibacterial activities on all the tested organisms, Staphylococus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. The lowest concentration of the seed extract that inhibited the visible growth of an organism after overnight incubation was 12.5 mg/ml for all tested organisms except for Klebsiella pneumonia which was 25.00 mg/ml. This indicates that M. pruriens seeds may be used against bacterial infections, inflammation and as antioxidant in herbal medical practice.
{"title":"Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antibacterial Activities of the Seeds of Mucuna pruriens (UTILIS)","authors":"R. Uchegbu, A. Ahuchaogu, C. Mbadiugha, K. Amanze, C. Igara, I. Iwu, P. Ikechukwu-Nwankwo","doi":"10.9734/acsj/2016/24043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/24043","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To ascertain the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of the extracts of seeds of Mucuna pruriens (utilis). Study Design: The study was designed to test the inhibitory ability of the plant extract on edema and human pathogens and to test its antioxidant activity. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri. Imo state Nigeria, between March 2013 to September 2014. Methodology: The seeds of M. pruriens were cracked, the testa were removed and the seeds were milled into fine powder with Thomas Willey milling machine and dissolved in ethanol for 48 hrs, this was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated with Rota evaporator at 40°C and then used for analysis. The effects of Mucuna pruriens (utilis) on the acute and chronic phases of inflammation were studied in carrageenan and formalin induced paw edema respectively. The anti-edema effect Original Research Article Uchegbu et al.; ACSJ, 13(2): 1-8, 2016; Article no.ACSJ.24043 2 of these seeds was compared with diclofenac potassium 10 mg/kg orally. The antibacterial activity was performed by filter paper disc diffusion technique. The antioxidant activity of the seeds of M. pruriens was evaluated by reducing power test. Results: Administration of M. pruriens (10 mg/kg) and diclofenac potassium (10 mg/kg) decreased the inflammation at the rate of 9.8% and 62.0% respectively and increase in dosage of M. pruriens (50 mg/kg) showed a decrease at the rate of 47.80% for acute inflammation and 38.80% for chronic inflammation. Thus the crude extracts exhibited significant activity in rats. The seeds were found to have high antioxidant activities. Extracts of the seeds of Mucuna pruriens exhibited strong antibacterial activities on all the tested organisms, Staphylococus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. The lowest concentration of the seed extract that inhibited the visible growth of an organism after overnight incubation was 12.5 mg/ml for all tested organisms except for Klebsiella pneumonia which was 25.00 mg/ml. This indicates that M. pruriens seeds may be used against bacterial infections, inflammation and as antioxidant in herbal medical practice.","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"28 4 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90432519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leather industry is one of the main sources of collagen-containing raw materials. Therefore, effective recycling of these raw materials into marketable products is a pressing problem not only for leather industry but also for other branches of national economy. In the present work, we have studied into new collagen-containing preparations, derived from untanned by-products of leather industry. The size of particles in collagen preparations was assessed using microscopy. Chemical analysis was carried out under chemical research technique. IR spectroscopy has revealed the presence of various functional groups in the structure of developed preparations. Based on the results of experimental data, we concluded that new collagen-containing preparations can be used in many sectors of national economy.
{"title":"Experimental study of new collagen-containing preparations","authors":"O. Andreyeva, L. Maistrenko","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/20468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/20468","url":null,"abstract":"Leather industry is one of the main sources of collagen-containing raw materials. Therefore, effective recycling of these raw materials into marketable products is a pressing problem not only for leather industry but also for other branches of national economy. In the present work, we have studied into new collagen-containing preparations, derived from untanned by-products of leather industry. The size of particles in collagen preparations was assessed using microscopy. Chemical analysis was carried out under chemical research technique. IR spectroscopy has revealed the presence of various functional groups in the structure of developed preparations. Based on the results of experimental data, we concluded that new collagen-containing preparations can be used in many sectors of national economy.","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78128710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was designed and implemented to produce instant breakfast cereals from the blends of sorghum and Bambara groundnut flour through extrusion cooking as a strategy to reduce phytic acid and polyphenol and improve the protein digestibility and solubility.....
{"title":"Residual Polyphenols, Phytate and In-vitro Protein Digestibility of Extruded Sorghum-Bambara Groundnut Blends","authors":"D. I. Gbenyi, I. Nkama, M. H. Badau, N. Danbaba","doi":"10.9734/ACSJ/2016/28565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ACSJ/2016/28565","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed and implemented to produce instant breakfast cereals from the \u0000blends of sorghum and Bambara groundnut flour through extrusion cooking as a strategy to reduce \u0000phytic acid and polyphenol and improve the protein digestibility and solubility.....","PeriodicalId":7399,"journal":{"name":"American Chemical Science Journal","volume":"86 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75397331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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