Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600165
V. O. Kudyshkin, Z. M. Abrarova, N. I. Bozorov, U. U. Zhumartova, M. M. Usmanova, N. Sh. Ashurov, S. Sh. Rashidova
Abstract
Graft copolymers of chitosan with acrylic acid of three-dimensional structure have been synthesized. An increase in the concentration of the polysaccharide helps to accelerate the structure formation of copolymer macromolecules during the synthesis. It has been shown that one of the reasons for this effect is a local increase in the concentration of acrylic acid in the chain growth zone due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the monomer and the polysaccharide. The graft copolymers have been characterized by IR and UV spectroscopy, AFM, and X-ray diffraction and can be used as highly swelling superabsorbents.
摘要 合成了三维结构的壳聚糖与丙烯酸接枝共聚物。在合成过程中，多糖浓度的增加有助于加速共聚物大分子结构的形成。研究表明，产生这种效果的原因之一是由于单体和多糖之间形成氢键，导致链生长区的丙烯酸浓度局部增加。接枝共聚物已通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、原子力显微镜和 X 射线衍射进行了表征，可用作高溶胀性超级吸附剂。
{"title":"Features of Synthesis of Graft Copolymers of Chitosan and Acrylic Acid","authors":"V. O. Kudyshkin, Z. M. Abrarova, N. I. Bozorov, U. U. Zhumartova, M. M. Usmanova, N. Sh. Ashurov, S. Sh. Rashidova","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600165","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Graft copolymers of chitosan with acrylic acid of three-dimensional structure have been synthesized. An increase in the concentration of the polysaccharide helps to accelerate the structure formation of copolymer macromolecules during the synthesis. It has been shown that one of the reasons for this effect is a local increase in the concentration of acrylic acid in the chain growth zone due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the monomer and the polysaccharide. The graft copolymers have been characterized by IR and UV spectroscopy, AFM, and X-ray diffraction and can be used as highly swelling superabsorbents.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141197208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600335
N. N. Shevchenko, O. D. Iakobson, E. M. Ivan’kova, A. V. Sel’kin
Abstract
Monodisperse polymer particles of the core–shell type were produced using sequential emulsion and seed emulsion polymerization methods. The structure of the surface layer of the particles was studied using scanning electron microscopy. It has been established that sequential emulsion polymerization makes it possible to obtain particles with the lowest dispersity values of their diameter. The introduction of methyl methacrylate both at the stage of core synthesis and during the formation of the shell leads to the formation of spherical particles with a smooth surface layer. Based on such particles, films with pronounced properties of photonic crystals were obtained, and their Bragg reflection spectra in polarized light were studied.
{"title":"Formation of Composite Polymer Photonic Crystals and Study of Their Properties by Optical Spectroscopy Methods","authors":"N. N. Shevchenko, O. D. Iakobson, E. M. Ivan’kova, A. V. Sel’kin","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600335","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Monodisperse polymer particles of the core–shell type were produced using sequential emulsion and seed emulsion polymerization methods. The structure of the surface layer of the particles was studied using scanning electron microscopy. It has been established that sequential emulsion polymerization makes it possible to obtain particles with the lowest dispersity values of their diameter. The introduction of methyl methacrylate both at the stage of core synthesis and during the formation of the shell leads to the formation of spherical particles with a smooth surface layer. Based on such particles, films with pronounced properties of photonic crystals were obtained, and their Bragg reflection spectra in polarized light were studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600256
L. A. Rishina, Y. V. Kissin, S. S. Lalayan, V. G. Krasheninnikov, A. A. Zabolotnov, V. A. Tuskaev, S. Ch. Gagieva, B. M. Bulychev
Abstract
The polymerization of ethylene and propylene and the copolymerization of ethylene with 1-octene with novel type of post-metallocene catalysts containing ionic complexes [2L·M@dibenzo-18-crown-6]+ [TiCl5·L]– (L = CH3CN, M = Li, K) are studied. The binary activator Al(C2H5)2Cl/Mg(C4H9)2 at [Al] : [Mg] ~ 3 is used as a cocatalyst. A linear crystalline polyethylene, an almost fully amorphous, atactic polypropylene, and statistical ethylene-1-octene copolymers containing from 2 to 9 mol % 1-octene are synthesized. The copolymers exhibit a broad molecular-weight distribution and a nonuniform composition distribution like copolymers synthesized over classical Ziegler–Natta catalysts and many post-metallocene systems.
{"title":"Alkene Polymerization with Catalysts Containing Ionic Complexes [2L·M@dibenzo-18-crown-6]+[TiCl5·L]– (L = CH3CN, M = Li+, K+)","authors":"L. A. Rishina, Y. V. Kissin, S. S. Lalayan, V. G. Krasheninnikov, A. A. Zabolotnov, V. A. Tuskaev, S. Ch. Gagieva, B. M. Bulychev","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600256","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The polymerization of ethylene and propylene and the copolymerization of ethylene with 1-octene with novel type of post-metallocene catalysts containing ionic complexes [2L·M@dibenzo-18-crown-6]<sup>+</sup> [TiCl<sub>5</sub>·L]<sup>–</sup> (L = CH<sub>3</sub>CN, M = Li, K) are studied. The binary activator Al(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Cl/Mg(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>)<sub>2</sub> at [Al] : [Mg] ~ 3 is used as a cocatalyst. A linear crystalline polyethylene, an almost fully amorphous, atactic polypropylene, and statistical ethylene-1-octene copolymers containing from 2 to 9 mol % 1-octene are synthesized. The copolymers exhibit a broad molecular-weight distribution and a nonuniform composition distribution like copolymers synthesized over classical Ziegler–Natta catalysts and many post-metallocene systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141197064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600268
A. A. Sarymsakov, S. S. Yarmatov, Kh. E. Yunusov
Abstract
A dietary supplement for the prevention of diabetes mellitus was obtained based on sericin separated from the cocoons of the silkworm Bombyx mori. By hydrolyzing Bombyx mori silkworm threads in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 110°C and a pressure of 0.143 MPa for 24 h, a sericin solution was separated. By evaporating the filtrate in a rotary evaporator, pure sericin powder with a molecular weight of 72 × 103 and a yield of 29.8% was obtained. Subsequent repeated hydrolysis of pure sericin powder with the indicated molecular weight in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 130°C and a pressure of 2.8 MPa for 120 min resulted in the isolation of sericin powder with a molecular weight of (5‒6) × 103, containing free amino acids, with a yield of 18.6%. The amino acid composition, molecular weight, and functional groups of sericin were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, viscometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Sericin samples with different molecular weights were tested on rats with nutritional hyperglycemia. When sericin, containing free amino acids with a molecular weight of (5‒6) × 103, was administered at a dose of 65 mg/kg twice a day, a decrease by 159.5% in blood sugar levels in the rats was registered after 30 days compared to the control group.
{"title":"Extraction of Sericin from Cocoons of the Silkworm Bombyx Mori, Its Characteristics, and a Dietary Supplement on Its Basis to Prevent Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"A. A. Sarymsakov, S. S. Yarmatov, Kh. E. Yunusov","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600268","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A dietary supplement for the prevention of diabetes mellitus was obtained based on sericin separated from the cocoons of the silkworm <i>Bombyx mori</i>. By hydrolyzing <i>Bombyx mori</i> silkworm threads in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 110°C and a pressure of 0.143 MPa for 24 h, a sericin solution was separated. By evaporating the filtrate in a rotary evaporator, pure sericin powder with a molecular weight of 72 × 10<sup>3</sup> and a yield of 29.8% was obtained. Subsequent repeated hydrolysis of pure sericin powder with the indicated molecular weight in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 130°C and a pressure of 2.8 MPa for 120 min resulted in the isolation of sericin powder with a molecular weight of (5‒6) × 10<sup>3</sup>, containing free amino acids, with a yield of 18.6%. The amino acid composition, molecular weight, and functional groups of sericin were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, viscometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Sericin samples with different molecular weights were tested on rats with nutritional hyperglycemia. When sericin, containing free amino acids with a molecular weight of (5‒6) × 10<sup>3</sup>, was administered at a dose of 65 mg/kg twice a day, a decrease by 159.5% in blood sugar levels in the rats was registered after 30 days compared to the control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141192020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424701306
Pradip Kumar Tapaswi
Abstract
An aliphatic dianhydride containing amide functionality (–NCOCH3), ethylenediamine-N,N '-disuccinic acid anhydride (EDSA) was synthesized via base catalyzed N-alkylation of aspartic acid with 1,2‑dibromoethane followed by dehydration of the N-alkylated product with Ac2O and pyridine. Four aliphatic polyimides (API) were prepared via two-step condensation polymerization of EDSA with four diamines (three straight chain aliphatic diamines and one alicyclic diamine). The polyimide film of EDSA with 4,4′-methylene bis(2-methyl cyclohexylamine) was almost colourless (cut of wavelength λ0 = 312 nm and transmittance > 90% in the range of 450–800 nm). T10 (temperature of 10% weight loss) of API were in the range of 417–457°C and Tg of 149–178°C. The API films exhibited low dielectric constants of 2.31–2.92 at 1 MHz.
{"title":"Synthesis of an Aliphatic Dianhydride Monomer and Its Colourless, Low Dielectric Constant Aliphatic Polyimides","authors":"Pradip Kumar Tapaswi","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424701306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424701306","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An aliphatic dianhydride containing amide functionality (–NCOCH<sub>3</sub>), ethylenediamine-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i> '-disuccinic acid anhydride (EDSA) was synthesized via base catalyzed <i>N</i>-alkylation of aspartic acid with 1,2‑dibromoethane followed by dehydration of the <i>N</i>-alkylated product with Ac<sub>2</sub>O and pyridine. Four aliphatic polyimides (API) were prepared via two-step condensation polymerization of EDSA with four diamines (three straight chain aliphatic diamines and one alicyclic diamine). The polyimide film of EDSA with 4,4′-methylene bis(2-methyl cyclohexylamine) was almost colourless (cut of wavelength λ<sub>0</sub> = 312 nm and transmittance > 90% in the range of 450–800 nm). <i>T</i><sub>10</sub> (temperature of 10% weight loss) of API were in the range of 417–457°C and <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> of 149–178°C. The API films exhibited low dielectric constants of 2.31–2.92 at 1 MHz.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600141
Yu. V. Bilichenko, Pham Van Thuan, D. V. Onuchin, R. S. Borisov, I. B. Sokol’skaya, V. V. Kireev
Abstract
Mixed hydroxy-aryloxy cyclotriphosphazenes have been synthesized via the interaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene with a mixture of 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol and diphenylolpropane (molar ratio 3.5 : 7.0). Their subsequent epoxidation with epichlorohydrin has afforded phosphazene-containing oligoepoxides with the phosphazene fraction of 50%. Optimal conditions for the synthesis of the composition-uniform phosphazene-containing oligoepoxides bearing one, two, and three epoxide groups in the phosphazene cycle have been elaborated. Such phosphazene-containing oligoepoxides can be cured with the curing agents common for the epoxy resins, to afford self-extinguishing compositions.
{"title":"Novel Epoxy-Aryloxy Cyclotriphosphazenes with Reduced Functionality","authors":"Yu. V. Bilichenko, Pham Van Thuan, D. V. Onuchin, R. S. Borisov, I. B. Sokol’skaya, V. V. Kireev","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600141","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Mixed hydroxy-aryloxy cyclotriphosphazenes have been synthesized via the interaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene with a mixture of 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol and diphenylolpropane (molar ratio 3.5 : 7.0). Their subsequent epoxidation with epichlorohydrin has afforded phosphazene-containing oligoepoxides with the phosphazene fraction of 50%. Optimal conditions for the synthesis of the composition-uniform phosphazene-containing oligoepoxides bearing one, two, and three epoxide groups in the phosphazene cycle have been elaborated. Such phosphazene-containing oligoepoxides can be cured with the curing agents common for the epoxy resins, to afford self-extinguishing compositions.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1134/s156009042460013x
Xiaoling Huang, Bodong Wang, Yifan Liu, Le Liu, Wentong Yang, Yan Jiang, Hongwen Zhang
Abstract
In this study, flower-shaped nano-silica was prepared through a calcination method, and then modified. Then using the method of free radical polymerization, and polysiloxane composite compounded with siloxane. The prepared composite microspheres combined the stability of polysiloxane with the unique surface morphology of flower-shaped nano-silica. The relative density of the composite material was controlled by the significant difference in density between siloxane microspheres and nano-silica. The structure and morphology of the composite microspheres were characterized and analyzed using FTIR, SEM, and other tests. The results showed successful compounding of siloxane and nano-silica, resulting in superhydrophobic polysiloxane/nano-SiO2 composite microspheres with a water contact angle of 152°. The composite microspheres exhibited a nebula-like overall structure.
{"title":"Preparation of Nebula-like Polysiloxane/Silica Superhydrophobic Composite Microspheres Controlled by Density Method","authors":"Xiaoling Huang, Bodong Wang, Yifan Liu, Le Liu, Wentong Yang, Yan Jiang, Hongwen Zhang","doi":"10.1134/s156009042460013x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s156009042460013x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this study, flower-shaped nano-silica was prepared through a calcination method, and then modified. Then using the method of free radical polymerization, and polysiloxane composite compounded with siloxane. The prepared composite microspheres combined the stability of polysiloxane with the unique surface morphology of flower-shaped nano-silica. The relative density of the composite material was controlled by the significant difference in density between siloxane microspheres and nano-silica. The structure and morphology of the composite microspheres were characterized and analyzed using FTIR, SEM, and other tests. The results showed successful compounding of siloxane and nano-silica, resulting in superhydrophobic polysiloxane/nano-SiO<sub>2</sub> composite microspheres with a water contact angle of 152°. The composite microspheres exhibited a nebula-like overall structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600074
Lijun Chen, Zheqing Gong
Abstract
The cross-linking acrylic polymer latex based on methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and hydroxyethyl acryloylurea was prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization with sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate and allyloxy alkyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate (SR-10) used as the reactive emulsifiers. Glass transition temperature of the latex film prepared is 20°C. The average particle size of the latex is 64 nm and its dispersion index is 0.085. The optimum conditions of preparing the latex were found. In comparison with the conventional latex, the heat and water resistance of the resultant latex have been improved.
{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Crosslinking Polyacrylate Latex Prepared by Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization","authors":"Lijun Chen, Zheqing Gong","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600074","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The cross-linking acrylic polymer latex based on methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and hydroxyethyl acryloylurea was prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization with sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate and allyloxy alkyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate (SR-10) used as the reactive emulsifiers. Glass transition temperature of the latex film prepared is 20°C. The average particle size of the latex is 64 nm and its dispersion index is 0.085. The optimum conditions of preparing the latex were found. In comparison with the conventional latex, the heat and water resistance of the resultant latex have been improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140205713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600237
Hussain A. Badran, Nadia A. Hussein Al-Assady, Harith A. Hasan, Riyadh Ch. Abul-Hail, Raeed K. Al-Fahed
Abstract
In this study, the compound polyaniline (PANI) with three different concentrations of (H2SO4) sulfuric acid has been synthesized by the chemical polymerization method and characterized by FTIR spectrophotometer to detect effective group, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and UV‒Vis absorption spectroscopic. They performed a differential calorimetric scan to describe the behavior of the compound as it measures the thermal energy that circulates from or to the polymer reported. The endo-thermic transition, due to structural adjustment, is a characteristic of the PANI. Casting has been a suitable method for preparing PANI films on FTO glass. The third order non-linear optical (NLO) properties of thin films were investigated using the Z-scan technique. The experimental data recorded resulted in the calculation of the nonlinear optical absorption coefficient, the nonlinear refractive index. PANI at various concentrations of sulfuric acid has a significant optical nonlinearity. Such material could expect new photon applications. The polymer samples with different concentrations exhibits high nonlinear reflective index under continuous wave laser at the experimental wavelength. Reverse saturable absorption is the dominating mechanism for the observed absorption nonlinearities. Therefore, compound polyaniline emerges as a potential candidate for photonic device applications. The synthesized thin film structures of PANI with three different concentrations of (H2SO4) sulfuric acid shows the response to NH3 gas sensing in the range 20–250 ppm and can be used for NH3 sensing application.
摘要 在这项研究中，采用化学聚合法合成了含有三种不同浓度（H2SO4）硫酸的聚苯胺（PANI）化合物，并通过傅立叶变换红外分光光度计检测有效基团、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）和紫外可见吸收光谱进行了表征。他们进行了微分量热扫描，以描述该化合物的行为，因为它测量了从聚合物中或向聚合物报告的热能循环。结构调整导致的内热转变是 PANI 的一个特征。浇铸是在 FTO 玻璃上制备 PANI 薄膜的合适方法。使用 Z 扫描技术研究了薄膜的三阶非线性光学 (NLO) 特性。根据记录的实验数据计算出了非线性光学吸收系数和非线性折射率。在不同浓度的硫酸中，PANI 具有显著的光学非线性。这种材料有望得到新的光子应用。不同浓度的聚合物样品在实验波长的连续波激光下表现出很高的非线性反射率。反向可饱和吸收是观察到的吸收非线性的主要机制。因此，复合聚苯胺成为光子器件应用的潜在候选材料。用三种不同浓度的（H2SO4）硫酸合成的 PANI 薄膜结构显示出在 20-250 ppm 范围内的 NH3 气体传感响应，可用于 NH3 传感应用。
{"title":"Synthesis, DSC Properties, Surface Morphology and the Third-Order Behavior Studies of a Conducting Polymer","authors":"Hussain A. Badran, Nadia A. Hussein Al-Assady, Harith A. Hasan, Riyadh Ch. Abul-Hail, Raeed K. Al-Fahed","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600237","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this study, the compound polyaniline (PANI) with three different concentrations of (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) sulfuric acid has been synthesized by the chemical polymerization method and characterized by FTIR spectrophotometer to detect effective group, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and UV‒Vis absorption spectroscopic. They performed a differential calorimetric scan to describe the behavior of the compound as it measures the thermal energy that circulates from or to the polymer reported. The endo-thermic transition, due to structural adjustment, is a characteristic of the PANI. Casting has been a suitable method for preparing PANI films on FTO glass. The third order non-linear optical (NLO) properties of thin films were investigated using the Z-scan technique. The experimental data recorded resulted in the calculation of the nonlinear optical absorption coefficient, the nonlinear refractive index. PANI at various concentrations of sulfuric acid has a significant optical nonlinearity. Such material could expect new photon applications. The polymer samples with different concentrations exhibits high nonlinear reflective index under continuous wave laser at the experimental wavelength. Reverse saturable absorption is the dominating mechanism for the observed absorption nonlinearities. Therefore, compound polyaniline emerges as a potential candidate for photonic device applications. The synthesized thin film structures of PANI with three different concentrations of (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) sulfuric acid shows the response to NH<sub>3</sub> gas sensing in the range 20–250 ppm and can be used for NH<sub>3</sub> sensing application.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600049
Mingwei Du, Shuang Men, Yujuan Jin
Abstract
Hydrophobic modification of hydroxyethyl cellulose is carried out in ionic liquids homogeneously, with bromododecane as the etherification agent. FTIR, XRD, XPS, and DSC analysis are used to characterize the obtained products. The effect of reaction temperature, time and the content of bromododecane on the viscosity of the aqueous solution of the modified product are discussed in detail. It is found that when hydroxyethyl cellulose is modified with the optimal conditions (at 80°C for 6 h), the crystalline structure changes to amorphous completely, the degree of substituent is 0.27, the glass transition point increases from 102.1 to 128.6°C. The thickening property, viscosity temperature resistance and salt tolerance before and after grafting long alkyl chain into the molecular chains are compared. It concludes that by hydrophobically modifying hydroxyethyl cellulose with long alkyl chains, all the above properties can be significantly improved, which may extremely expand the applications of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
{"title":"Homogeneous Hydrophobic Modification of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose in Ionic Liquids","authors":"Mingwei Du, Shuang Men, Yujuan Jin","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600049","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Hydrophobic modification of hydroxyethyl cellulose is carried out in ionic liquids homogeneously, with bromododecane as the etherification agent. FTIR, XRD, XPS, and DSC analysis are used to characterize the obtained products. The effect of reaction temperature, time and the content of bromododecane on the viscosity of the aqueous solution of the modified product are discussed in detail. It is found that when hydroxyethyl cellulose is modified with the optimal conditions (at 80°C for 6 h), the crystalline structure changes to amorphous completely, the degree of substituent is 0.27, the glass transition point increases from 102.1 to 128.6°C. The thickening property, viscosity temperature resistance and salt tolerance before and after grafting long alkyl chain into the molecular chains are compared. It concludes that by hydrophobically modifying hydroxyethyl cellulose with long alkyl chains, all the above properties can be significantly improved, which may extremely expand the applications of hydroxyethyl cellulose.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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