Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600274
Wanting Zhao, Qin Su, Ya Lyu
Abstract—
In this paper, tung oil-linseed oil (TO-LSO) and styrene-linseed oil (STY-LSO) were used as raw materials of sulfur-rich copolymers, which were then reversed vulcanized with S8 at 130°C, and the gel time of the reaction was recorded. At the same time, 1H NMR, DSC, XRD, sodium sulfite titration and other characterization methods were used to measure the reaction degree, verify the conjugated structure to improve the reaction degree, and study the synthesis mechanism of sulfur-rich copolymer. The results show that the conjugated structure can improve the reaction degree. And when the proportion of TO and STY is 20 and 10% respectively, the reaction gel time is shortened, the reaction degree is greatly deepened, and the effect of promoting polymerization can be significantly obtained. The synthesis mechanism of copolymer is the result of conjugated structure and diallyl group. The self-repair of sulfur-rich copolymers at different temperature and holding time by hot press shows that poly(20-TO-LSO-50S) can realize the S‒S bond self-repair after being compressed at 120°C for 4 h, and the surface of polymer disc was smoother and more uniform. However, poly(10STY-LSO-50S) can be repaired only after being compressed for 8 h. TO can not only enhance the synthesis process, but also enhance the performance of sulfur-rich materials and broaden the application field.
{"title":"Reverse Vulcanization of Monomers with Conjugated Bonds Double and Elemental Sulfur for S–S Bond Self-Healing Properties","authors":"Wanting Zhao, Qin Su, Ya Lyu","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600274","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract—</h3><p>In this paper, tung oil-linseed oil (TO-LSO) and styrene-linseed oil (STY-LSO) were used as raw materials of sulfur-rich copolymers, which were then reversed vulcanized with S<sub>8</sub> at 130°C, and the gel time of the reaction was recorded. At the same time, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, DSC, XRD, sodium sulfite titration and other characterization methods were used to measure the reaction degree, verify the conjugated structure to improve the reaction degree, and study the synthesis mechanism of sulfur-rich copolymer. The results show that the conjugated structure can improve the reaction degree. And when the proportion of TO and STY is 20 and 10% respectively, the reaction gel time is shortened, the reaction degree is greatly deepened, and the effect of promoting polymerization can be significantly obtained. The synthesis mechanism of copolymer is the result of conjugated structure and diallyl group. The self-repair of sulfur-rich copolymers at different temperature and holding time by hot press shows that poly(20-TO-LSO-50S) can realize the S‒S bond self-repair after being compressed at 120°C for 4 h, and the surface of polymer disc was smoother and more uniform. However, poly(10STY-LSO-50S) can be repaired only after being compressed for 8 h. TO can not only enhance the synthesis process, but also enhance the performance of sulfur-rich materials and broaden the application field.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600262
Abstract
Conducting polymers with metal/metal oxide nanocomposites have recently attracted more attention from both the scientific sector and industry, with a focus on electrical and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Free-standing PPY-PVA/Ni (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) ternary composite films were chemically synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, binder matrix) using ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent and coated with different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 M) of Ni+ ions using Adathoda vasica leaf extract as a reducing agent. The effect of PPY-PVA/Ni nanocomposites on the electrical and EMI shielding properties of nanocomposites was studied. The crystal structure of the dopant (Ni nanoparticles), thermal degradation and morphology of these composites were characterized by XRD, FESEM and TG analysis. The maximum electrical conductivity (4.2 × 10–4 S/cm) was also achieved by doping PPY-PVA binary composites with 0.01 M Ni+ ions to form PPY-PVA/Ni-1 ternary nanocomposites. This significant increase in electrical conductivity achieves an EMI shielding effect of up to ~16.5 dB in the frequency range from 2.1 to 3 GHz (S-Band). An increase in electrical conductivity and EMI shielding for composites with hybrid fillers (PPY-PVA/Ni) demonstrates the synergistic benefits of such fillers when used together. Hence, these conducting polymers with metal/metal oxide nanocomposites could have the potential to be advantageous materials for technological applications.
{"title":"Electrical Conductivity and EMI Shielding Efficiency of PPY-PVA-Ni Nanocomposite Films","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600262","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Conducting polymers with metal/metal oxide nanocomposites have recently attracted more attention from both the scientific sector and industry, with a focus on electrical and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Free-standing PPY-PVA/Ni (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) ternary composite films were chemically synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, binder matrix) using ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent and coated with different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 M) of Ni<sup>+</sup> ions using <em>Adathoda vasica</em> leaf extract as a reducing agent. The effect of PPY-PVA/Ni nanocomposites on the electrical and EMI shielding properties of nanocomposites was studied. The crystal structure of the dopant (Ni nanoparticles), thermal degradation and morphology of these composites were characterized by XRD, FESEM and TG analysis. The maximum electrical conductivity (4.2 × 10<sup>–4</sup> S/cm) was also achieved by doping PPY-PVA binary composites with 0.01 M Ni<sup>+</sup> ions to form PPY-PVA/Ni-1 ternary nanocomposites. This significant increase in electrical conductivity achieves an EMI shielding effect of up to ~16.5 dB in the frequency range from 2.1 to 3 GHz (S-Band). An increase in electrical conductivity and EMI shielding for composites with hybrid fillers (PPY-PVA/Ni) demonstrates the synergistic benefits of such fillers when used together. Hence, these conducting polymers with metal/metal oxide nanocomposites could have the potential to be advantageous materials for technological applications.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600250
L. I. Tkachenko, S. Zh. Ozkan, V. A. Petrov, O. N. Efimov, N. N. Dremova, G. P. Karpacheva
Abstract
Electrochemical behavior of hybrid electrodes with electroactive coatings based on activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile as well as hybrid polymer-carbon composites with activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (porous N-doped carbon component) and poly(diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid) (polymer component) has been investigated for the first time in a lithium-organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate). Electrochemical behavior of the coatings has been investigated at a smooth glass carbon surface and at flexible strips of anodized graphite foil with developed porous loosened surface. Specific electrochemical capacity of the hybrid electrodes has been found dependent on the conditions of the composite coating synthesis. The influence of heat treatment on the electrochemical behavior of the activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile–poly(diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid) composites has been investigated. Heat-resistant electroactive coatings have been obtained for the first time under conditions of IR heating of the IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile–poly(diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid) composites, specific capacity of which in a lithium aprotic electrolyte has been 0.107–0.114 F/cm2, only ~17% less than this for the starting composites at anodized graphite foil support, due to compaction of the electroactive layers hindering the electrolyte transport.
摘要首次在锂有机电解液（碳酸丙烯酯中的 1 M 氯化锂）中研究了具有基于活化红外热解聚丙烯腈的电活性涂层的混合电极以及具有活化红外热解聚丙烯腈（多孔 N 掺杂碳成分）和聚（二苯胺-2-羧酸）（聚合物成分）的混合聚合物-碳复合材料的电化学行为。研究了涂层在光滑玻璃碳表面和阳极氧化石墨箔柔性条带上的电化学行为。研究发现，混合电极的特定电化学容量取决于复合涂层的合成条件。研究了热处理对活化的红外热解聚丙烯腈-聚（二苯胺-2-羧酸）复合材料电化学行为的影响。在红外加热条件下，首次获得了红外热解聚丙烯腈-聚（二苯胺-2-羧酸）复合材料的耐热电活性涂层，其在锂钾电解液中的比容量为 0.107-0.114 F/cm2，仅比阳极氧化石墨箔支撑的初始复合材料低约 17%，这是由于电活性层的压实阻碍了电解液的传输。
{"title":"Composites Based on Poly(Diphenylamine-2-carboxylic Acid) and Highly Porous Carbon for Flexible Electrodes of Supercapacitors","authors":"L. I. Tkachenko, S. Zh. Ozkan, V. A. Petrov, O. N. Efimov, N. N. Dremova, G. P. Karpacheva","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600250","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Electrochemical behavior of hybrid electrodes with electroactive coatings based on activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile as well as hybrid polymer-carbon composites with activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (porous N-doped carbon component) and poly(diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid) (polymer component) has been investigated for the first time in a lithium-organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO<sub>4</sub> in propylene carbonate). Electrochemical behavior of the coatings has been investigated at a smooth glass carbon surface and at flexible strips of anodized graphite foil with developed porous loosened surface. Specific electrochemical capacity of the hybrid electrodes has been found dependent on the conditions of the composite coating synthesis. The influence of heat treatment on the electrochemical behavior of the activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile–poly(diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid) composites has been investigated. Heat-resistant electroactive coatings have been obtained for the first time under conditions of IR heating of the IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile–poly(diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid) composites, specific capacity of which in a lithium aprotic electrolyte has been 0.107–0.114 F/cm<sup>2</sup>, only ~17% less than this for the starting composites at anodized graphite foil support, due to compaction of the electroactive layers hindering the electrolyte transport.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600298
Shubham, Susmita Naskar, Bankim Chandra Ray
Abstract
Efficiency and maintenance reduction in polymer nanocomposites are critical objectives for engineers and scientists to have an optimized machine component design. A crucial factor in achieving these goals is scratch resistance, which necessitates careful reinforcement selection for polymer composites. In this study, the individual nanofillers titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) were morphologically characterized using electron microscopes, and molecular bonds analysis of epoxy-based hybrid nanocomposites was conducted using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The amount of TiO2 was kept constant at 2 phr (parts per resin) by weight, and GnP was varied as 0, 1, and 2 phr in the samples along with neat epoxy. A scratch adhesion test was performed, applying a constant and progressive load. The results indicate that an optimal combination of TiO2 and GnP nanoparticles can enhance the scratch resistance properties of epoxy, as evidenced by favorable coefficients of friction (CoF) and scratch depths. Furthermore, optical and field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEM) were employed to investigate scratch deformation in the nanocomposite samples. This article comprehensively reviews relevant literature, experimental details, significant findings, and a comparative analysis of scratch conditions in hybrid nanocomposites.
{"title":"Micro Scratch Behavior Study of Titanium Dioxide and Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites","authors":"Shubham, Susmita Naskar, Bankim Chandra Ray","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600298","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Efficiency and maintenance reduction in polymer nanocomposites are critical objectives for engineers and scientists to have an optimized machine component design. A crucial factor in achieving these goals is scratch resistance, which necessitates careful reinforcement selection for polymer composites. In this study, the individual nanofillers titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) were morphologically characterized using electron microscopes, and molecular bonds analysis of epoxy-based hybrid nanocomposites was conducted using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The amount of TiO<sub>2</sub> was kept constant at 2 phr (parts per resin) by weight, and GnP was varied as 0, 1, and 2 phr in the samples along with neat epoxy. A scratch adhesion test was performed, applying a constant and progressive load. The results indicate that an optimal combination of TiO<sub>2</sub> and GnP nanoparticles can enhance the scratch resistance properties of epoxy, as evidenced by favorable coefficients of friction (CoF) and scratch depths. Furthermore, optical and field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEM) were employed to investigate scratch deformation in the nanocomposite samples. This article comprehensively reviews relevant literature, experimental details, significant findings, and a comparative analysis of scratch conditions in hybrid nanocomposites.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600249
V. R. Stepanyants, V. R. Nazemutdinova, V. A. Zhigarev, K. S. Sadovnikov, A. I. Wozniak, A. A. Morontsev, M. V. Bermeshev
Abstract
The interaction of the second-generation Grubbs catalyst and dimethyl maleate is investigated. It is shown that this interaction affords a new ruthenium-carbene complex capable of participating in the metathesis reaction. The metathesis homopolymerization of cyclooctene and 5-n-butyl-2-norbornene mediated by the first- or second-generation Grubbs catalyst in the presence of dimethyl maleate acting as a chain transfer agent is studied in detail. Conditions for the synthesis of previously unknown telechelic poly(5-n-butyl-2-norbornene) are optimized. The formation of heterodyads between the polyene block and dimethyl maleate fragments is revealed. Effect of the concentration of initial reactants, their ratio, accessibility of the main-chain double bond of polyene, catalyst type, temperature, and reaction time on the molecular weight and depth of the cross-metathesis reaction is explored. The efficiency of using dimethyl maleate as a chain transfer agent is demonstrated.
{"title":"Metathesis Polymerization of 5-n-Butyl-2-Norbornene in the Presence of Dimethyl Maleate","authors":"V. R. Stepanyants, V. R. Nazemutdinova, V. A. Zhigarev, K. S. Sadovnikov, A. I. Wozniak, A. A. Morontsev, M. V. Bermeshev","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600249","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The interaction of the second-generation Grubbs catalyst and dimethyl maleate is investigated. It is shown that this interaction affords a new ruthenium-carbene complex capable of participating in the metathesis reaction. The metathesis homopolymerization of cyclooctene and 5-<i>n</i>-butyl-2-norbornene mediated by the first- or second-generation Grubbs catalyst in the presence of dimethyl maleate acting as a chain transfer agent is studied in detail. Conditions for the synthesis of previously unknown telechelic poly(5-<i>n</i>-butyl-2-norbornene) are optimized. The formation of heterodyads between the polyene block and dimethyl maleate fragments is revealed. Effect of the concentration of initial reactants, their ratio, accessibility of the main-chain double bond of polyene, catalyst type, temperature, and reaction time on the molecular weight and depth of the cross-metathesis reaction is explored. The efficiency of using dimethyl maleate as a chain transfer agent is demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600328
D. A. Pyatakov, I. E. Nifantiev
Abstract
Double metal cyanide catalysts are unique heterogeneous catalysts having no alternative in the industrial polymerization of propylene oxide to produce poly(propylene oxide) with properties demanded for special-purpose applications: a low degree of unsaturation and high molecular weights and hydroxyl values. These catalysts are known since the 1960s, but academic publications addressing them started to appear only in the early 2000s, which coincided with interest in epoxide/CO2 copolymerization and other catalytic processes. The present literature review aims to systematize information on the application of double metal cyanide catalysts in (co)polymerization reactions involving epoxides and other cyclic monomers. Much attention is paid to chemo- and regioselectivity issues and mechanistic aspects of epoxide/CO2 copolymerization. Due to the use of ionic liquids and other homo- and heterogeneous catalyst in the reaction of epoxides and CO2, double metal cyanide catalysts can be tuned for the selective synthesis of poly(ether carbonates), polycarbonates, or cyclic carbonates. Information on the application of these processes for the synthesis of functionalized (co)polymers is covered. Epoxide/cyclic anhydride copolymerization and epoxide/cyclic anhydride/CO2 and epoxide/ε-caprolactone/CO2 multicomponent reactions, including those using multicomponent catalytic systems based on the catalysts under consideration, are highlighted. Progress in this area suggests that double metal cyanide catalysts and multicomponent catalytic systems based on them will hold a prominent position in the synthesis of polymer materials of the future.
{"title":"(Co)polymerization Reactions with Participation of Cyclic Monomers Catalyzed by Double Metal Cyanide Catalysts","authors":"D. A. Pyatakov, I. E. Nifantiev","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600328","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Double metal cyanide catalysts are unique heterogeneous catalysts having no alternative in the industrial polymerization of propylene oxide to produce poly(propylene oxide) with properties demanded for special-purpose applications: a low degree of unsaturation and high molecular weights and hydroxyl values. These catalysts are known since the 1960s, but academic publications addressing them started to appear only in the early 2000s, which coincided with interest in epoxide/CO<sub>2</sub> copolymerization and other catalytic processes. The present literature review aims to systematize information on the application of double metal cyanide catalysts in (co)polymerization reactions involving epoxides and other cyclic monomers. Much attention is paid to chemo- and regioselectivity issues and mechanistic aspects of epoxide/CO<sub>2</sub> copolymerization. Due to the use of ionic liquids and other homo- and heterogeneous catalyst in the reaction of epoxides and CO<sub>2</sub>, double metal cyanide catalysts can be tuned for the selective synthesis of poly(ether carbonates), polycarbonates, or cyclic carbonates. Information on the application of these processes for the synthesis of functionalized (co)polymers is covered. Epoxide/cyclic anhydride copolymerization and epoxide/cyclic anhydride/CO<sub>2</sub> and epoxide/ε-caprolactone/CO<sub>2</sub> multicomponent reactions, including those using multicomponent catalytic systems based on the catalysts under consideration, are highlighted. Progress in this area suggests that double metal cyanide catalysts and multicomponent catalytic systems based on them will hold a prominent position in the synthesis of polymer materials of the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600316
O. M. Palaznik, P. M. Nedorezova, V. G. Shevchenko, V. G. Krasheninnikov, A. N. Klyamkina, T. V. Monakhova, A. A. Gulin, A. A. Arbuzov
Abstract
Composites based on polypropylene and binary carbon nanofillers (graphene particles and single-walled carbon nanotubes) have been synthesized by in situ polymerization using the homogeneous isospecific metallocene catalyst rac-Me2Si(2-Me-4-PhInd)2ZrCl2 activated by methylaluminoxane. The use of binary carbon nanofillers increases thermal stability and resistance to thermo-oxidative degradation and affects the reflectance and other electrical characteristics of synthesized materials. It has been shown that the binary nanofillers can have a synergistic effect on the thermal oxidation of polypropylene. The introduction of even a small amount of single-walled carbon nanotubes into graphene nanoplatelets significantly reduces the reflection coefficient of the resulting composite materials.
{"title":"Preparation and Properties of Polypropylene Compositions with Binary Carbon Nanofillers","authors":"O. M. Palaznik, P. M. Nedorezova, V. G. Shevchenko, V. G. Krasheninnikov, A. N. Klyamkina, T. V. Monakhova, A. A. Gulin, A. A. Arbuzov","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600316","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Composites based on polypropylene and binary carbon nanofillers (graphene particles and single-walled carbon nanotubes) have been synthesized by in situ polymerization using the homogeneous isospecific metallocene catalyst <i>rac</i>-Me<sub>2</sub>Si(2-Me-4-PhInd)<sub>2</sub>ZrCl<sub>2</sub> activated by methylaluminoxane. The use of binary carbon nanofillers increases thermal stability and resistance to thermo-oxidative degradation and affects the reflectance and other electrical characteristics of synthesized materials. It has been shown that the binary nanofillers can have a synergistic effect on the thermal oxidation of polypropylene. The introduction of even a small amount of single-walled carbon nanotubes into graphene nanoplatelets significantly reduces the reflection coefficient of the resulting composite materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139773025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1134/s156009042360033x
E. L. Krasnopeeva, G. G. Panova, S. G. Laishevkina, E. Yu. Melenevskaya, N. V. Zakharova, E. N. Vlasova, A. V. Yakimansky
Abstract
Synthesis of new water-soluble hybrid core–shell titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane‒poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles consisting of titanium dioxide core with modified surface, polyacrylic acid shell, has been considered. The titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane‒poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles have been synthesized in two stages. At the first stage, the titanium dioxide nanoparticles surface has been modified with triethoxyvinylsilane. The so introduced surface vinyl groups of the titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane nanoparticles have been used to graft poly(acrylic acid). To do so, free-radical polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of the titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane nanoparticles has been performed at the second stage. Molecular parameters of the obtained titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane‒poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles have been determined by means of static and dynamic light scattering, and their structure has been confirmed by means of infrared spectroscopy. The proposed procedure of modifying the surface of titanium dioxide opens up the possibility of obtaining water-soluble materials based on it for various applications.
{"title":"Water-Soluble Hybrid Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Titanium Dioxide Core and Poly(Acrylic Acid) Shell","authors":"E. L. Krasnopeeva, G. G. Panova, S. G. Laishevkina, E. Yu. Melenevskaya, N. V. Zakharova, E. N. Vlasova, A. V. Yakimansky","doi":"10.1134/s156009042360033x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s156009042360033x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Synthesis of new water-soluble hybrid core–shell titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane‒poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles consisting of titanium dioxide core with modified surface, polyacrylic acid shell, has been considered. The titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane‒poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles have been synthesized in two stages. At the first stage, the titanium dioxide nanoparticles surface has been modified with triethoxyvinylsilane. The so introduced surface vinyl groups of the titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane nanoparticles have been used to graft poly(acrylic acid). To do so, free-radical polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of the titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane nanoparticles has been performed at the second stage. Molecular parameters of the obtained titanium dioxide‒triethoxyvinylsilane‒poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles have been determined by means of static and dynamic light scattering, and their structure has been confirmed by means of infrared spectroscopy. The proposed procedure of modifying the surface of titanium dioxide opens up the possibility of obtaining water-soluble materials based on it for various applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600183
Anjali, Sandeep Kumar, Alka Tiwari, Wasim Akram, Satish Kumar Sen, Y. K. Bhardwaj
Abstract
Surface modification of Kosa silk was conducted to enhance its dye ability along with introduction of antimicrobial activity. The modification was achieved through graft copolymerization of two quaternary ammonium salts namely [2-(Methacryloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAETC) and vinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (VBT) using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) nitric acid redox combination. Effect of various experimental variables such as dye concentration, pH, contact time duration, and temperature were investigated. The grafted Kosa silk fabric was then subjected to exhaust dyeing with Acid Blue 25. The color properties of the dyed fabric were analyzed in terms of CIE L*, a*, and b* values (where L represents the difference in lightness/darkness, a denotes the difference in redness/greenness, and b refers to the difference in yellowness/blueness) and K/S values. The antimicrobial activity of the modified silk was evaluated using the Agar-Well Diffusion method against gram negative (Escherichia coli) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains.
{"title":"Graft Polymerization Induced Enhanced Dyeing Performance and Antibacterial Properties of Kosa Silk","authors":"Anjali, Sandeep Kumar, Alka Tiwari, Wasim Akram, Satish Kumar Sen, Y. K. Bhardwaj","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600183","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Surface modification of Kosa silk was conducted to enhance its dye ability along with introduction of antimicrobial activity. The modification was achieved through graft copolymerization of two quaternary ammonium salts namely [2-(Methacryloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAETC) and vinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (VBT) using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) nitric acid redox combination. Effect of various experimental variables such as dye concentration, pH, contact time duration, and temperature were investigated. The grafted Kosa silk fabric was then subjected to exhaust dyeing with Acid Blue 25. The color properties of the dyed fabric were analyzed in terms of CIE L*, a*, and b* values (where L represents the difference in lightness/darkness, a denotes the difference in redness/greenness, and b refers to the difference in yellowness/blueness) and K/S values. The antimicrobial activity of the modified silk was evaluated using the Agar-Well Diffusion method against gram negative (<i>Escherichia coli)</i> and gram positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus)</i> bacterial strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139411009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600201
E. V. Ivanova, E. O. Minyaylo, M. N. Temnikov, L. G. Mukhtorov, Yu. M. Atroshchenko
Abstract
The structural diversity of organosilicon compounds used in decorative and care cosmetic products is studied. The unique physicochemical properties of silicones allowing their application as emollients, moisturizers, emulsifiers, film formers, viscosity regulators, and antistatic and binding agents are described. Mechanisms of action of various structure silicones, due to which organosilicon compounds are advantageously used to impart certain properties to cosmetic products, are demonstrated. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of silicones versus natural compounds serving similar functions in cosmetic products is performed. The issue of silicone safety for human health is considered.
{"title":"Silicones in Cosmetics","authors":"E. V. Ivanova, E. O. Minyaylo, M. N. Temnikov, L. G. Mukhtorov, Yu. M. Atroshchenko","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600201","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The structural diversity of organosilicon compounds used in decorative and care cosmetic products is studied. The unique physicochemical properties of silicones allowing their application as emollients, moisturizers, emulsifiers, film formers, viscosity regulators, and antistatic and binding agents are described. Mechanisms of action of various structure silicones, due to which organosilicon compounds are advantageously used to impart certain properties to cosmetic products, are demonstrated. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of silicones versus natural compounds serving similar functions in cosmetic products is performed. The issue of silicone safety for human health is considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139411039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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