Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600195
A. V. Agafonov, V. A. Titov, A. V. Evdokimova, V. D. Shibaeva, A. S. Kraev, N. A. Sirotkin, A. V. Khlyustova
Abstract
The paper presents the results of mechanical and electrical tests of composite materials based on biodegradable polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, starch) and synthetic layered double hydroxides (Ni–Al, Zn–Al) obtained by two-stage (chemical) and one-stage (plasma chemical) methods. The one-stage method for producing composites involves the formation of filler structures during the burning of low-temperature plasma in the bulk of an aqueous polymer solution. Electrode materials were used as precursors. Regardless of the production method, 2D hexagonal structures are formed and embedded in the polymer matrix. This is evidenced by IR spectroscopy data showing shifts in the main characteristic bands and the appearance of new ones. It has been established that layered fillers can be both plasticizers and reinforcing agents. The influence of the viscosity of the polymer matrix on the mechanical characteristics of the composites has been revealed. The introduction of fillers changes the surface roughness, leading to an increase in hydrophobicity of the composites. It has been established that the current–voltage curves of the composites are nonlinear, so that such composites can be considered as flexible analogues of nonlinear electronic components.
{"title":"Composites Based on Biodegradable Polymers and Layered Structures","authors":"A. V. Agafonov, V. A. Titov, A. V. Evdokimova, V. D. Shibaeva, A. S. Kraev, N. A. Sirotkin, A. V. Khlyustova","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600195","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The paper presents the results of mechanical and electrical tests of composite materials based on biodegradable polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, starch) and synthetic layered double hydroxides (Ni–Al, Zn–Al) obtained by two-stage (chemical) and one-stage (plasma chemical) methods. The one-stage method for producing composites involves the formation of filler structures during the burning of low-temperature plasma in the bulk of an aqueous polymer solution. Electrode materials were used as precursors. Regardless of the production method, 2D hexagonal structures are formed and embedded in the polymer matrix. This is evidenced by IR spectroscopy data showing shifts in the main characteristic bands and the appearance of new ones. It has been established that layered fillers can be both plasticizers and reinforcing agents. The influence of the viscosity of the polymer matrix on the mechanical characteristics of the composites has been revealed. The introduction of fillers changes the surface roughness, leading to an increase in hydrophobicity of the composites. It has been established that the current–voltage curves of the composites are nonlinear, so that such composites can be considered as flexible analogues of nonlinear electronic components.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139411007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethyl acrylate and butyl acrylate were used as monomers, vinyl monochloride acetate was used as the crosslinker in vulcanization reactions and sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as the emulsifier to prepare a general-purpose acrylic rubber. The synthetic products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and other methods. Then, the raw rubber, carbon black, vulcanizing agent, and so forth were mixed and then vulcanized, and the performance of the product was tested. The results showed that the synthesized acrylic rubber contained low levels of ash and volatile matter. The structure of the acrylic rubber was consistent with its design, and the glass transition temperature was –28.1°C. A study showed that the product vulcanized quickly. When the dosage of butyl acrylate was increased, the tensile strength decreased, and the elongation at break increased. The working temperature was reduced by adding plasticizer. With increasing plasticizer (RS-735) content, the elongation at break increased, and the tensile strength decreased. When the RS-735 level reached 10 phr, the brittleness temperature of the product decreased to –28°C. This product is resistant to oil and high temperatures, and it can be used widely in environments from –28 to 180°C.
{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Universal Cold-Resistant Reactive Chlorinated Acrylic Rubber and Study of Its Vulcanization Characteristics","authors":"Xingbing Yang, Ting Lei, Cheng Tang, Xiang Huang, Xinye Wang, Shuang Huang, Xin Liu","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600158","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Ethyl acrylate and butyl acrylate were used as monomers, vinyl monochloride acetate was used as the crosslinker in vulcanization reactions and sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as the emulsifier to prepare a general-purpose acrylic rubber. The synthetic products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and other methods. Then, the raw rubber, carbon black, vulcanizing agent, and so forth were mixed and then vulcanized, and the performance of the product was tested. The results showed that the synthesized acrylic rubber contained low levels of ash and volatile matter. The structure of the acrylic rubber was consistent with its design, and the glass transition temperature was –28.1°C. A study showed that the product vulcanized quickly. When the dosage of butyl acrylate was increased, the tensile strength decreased, and the elongation at break increased. The working temperature was reduced by adding plasticizer. With increasing plasticizer (RS-735) content, the elongation at break increased, and the tensile strength decreased. When the RS-735 level reached 10 phr, the brittleness temperature of the product decreased to –28°C. This product is resistant to oil and high temperatures, and it can be used widely in environments from –28 to 180°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600171
I. V. Kutovaya, D. I. Poliakova, E. M. Erdni-Goryaev, Ya. V. Lipatov, E. S. Afanaseva, O. S. Morozov, A. V. Babkin, A. V. Kepman
Abstract
The effect of introduction of polyamide nonwoven materials on the thermal and mechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on phthalonitriles and a carbon fabric is studied. It is shown that the addition of 3 wt % of polyamide nonwoven material causes a 44% increase in the specific work of delamination. At room temperature elastic mechanical characteristics, such as compressive strength and compressive modulus, for the composite modified with the nonwoven material increase by 12 and 100%, respectively. According to dynamic mechanical analysis, upon reaching 169°C the melting of polyamide occurs; however, there remains the possibility to use the composites above this temperature, as confirmed by mechanical tests performed at 200°C.
{"title":"Enhancement of Crack Resistance of Phthalonitrile-Based Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics by Introducing Polyamide Nonwoven Materials","authors":"I. V. Kutovaya, D. I. Poliakova, E. M. Erdni-Goryaev, Ya. V. Lipatov, E. S. Afanaseva, O. S. Morozov, A. V. Babkin, A. V. Kepman","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600171","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effect of introduction of polyamide nonwoven materials on the thermal and mechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on phthalonitriles and a carbon fabric is studied. It is shown that the addition of 3 wt % of polyamide nonwoven material causes a 44% increase in the specific work of delamination. At room temperature elastic mechanical characteristics, such as compressive strength and compressive modulus, for the composite modified with the nonwoven material increase by 12 and 100%, respectively. According to dynamic mechanical analysis, upon reaching 169°C the melting of polyamide occurs; however, there remains the possibility to use the composites above this temperature, as confirmed by mechanical tests performed at 200°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polyamide-6 (PA6) nanocomposites with different CNTs loadings have been prepared by in situ polymerization approach. Then the blends were extruded into fibers using melt spinning technology to prepare as-spun and drawn fibers. Scanning electron microscopy observation on the fracture surfaces of the composite’s fiber shows not only a uniform dispersion of CNTs but also a strong interfacial adhesion with the matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that CNTs act as strong heterogeneous nucleating agents for PA6 crystals. The breaking strength of drawn composite fibers, with incorporating less than 4 wt % CNTs, is slightly higher than that of pure PA fibers prepared at the same draw ratio. The PA6/CNTs composite fibers reveal a high increase in breaking strength as the draw ratio increased. Due to the electric conductivity of CNTs, electrical resistivity of the PA6/CNTs composite fibers is reduced.
摘要 采用原位聚合法制备了不同碳纳米管负载量的碳纳米管/聚酰胺-6（PA6）纳米复合材料。然后利用熔融纺丝技术将混合物挤压成纤维，制备出原样纺丝纤维和拉伸纤维。对复合材料纤维断裂面的扫描电子显微镜观察表明，碳纳米管不仅分散均匀，而且与基体有很强的界面粘附性。差示扫描量热法（DSC）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）结果表明，CNTs 是 PA6 晶体的强异质成核剂。CNT含量小于 4 wt % 的拉伸复合纤维的断裂强度略高于以相同拉伸比制备的纯 PA 纤维。随着拉伸比的增加，PA6/CNTs 复合纤维的断裂强度也随之增加。由于 CNTs 具有导电性，PA6/CNTs 复合纤维的电阻率降低。
{"title":"In situ Polymerization of Polyamide 6/Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites and Their Melt Spinning Fibers","authors":"Chunxiao Yu, Rui Li, Mengke Wang, Feng Jiang, Zhicheng Qiu, Jigang Xu","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600146","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polyamide-6 (PA6) nanocomposites with different CNTs loadings have been prepared by in situ polymerization approach. Then the blends were extruded into fibers using melt spinning technology to prepare as-spun and drawn fibers. Scanning electron microscopy observation on the fracture surfaces of the composite’s fiber shows not only a uniform dispersion of CNTs but also a strong interfacial adhesion with the matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that CNTs act as strong heterogeneous nucleating agents for PA6 crystals. The breaking strength of drawn composite fibers, with incorporating less than 4 wt % CNTs, is slightly higher than that of pure PA fibers prepared at the same draw ratio. The PA6/CNTs composite fibers reveal a high increase in breaking strength as the draw ratio increased. Due to the electric conductivity of CNTs, electrical resistivity of the PA6/CNTs composite fibers is reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423600225
Abstract
A new kinetic type of gel effect suppression in radical polymerization is described. Ring-opening polymerization of ketene acetals is characterized by auto-deceleration in the course of the reaction rather than the auto-acceleration, as well as increased reaction rate order with respect to the monomer. These features are caused by low reactivity of ketene acetals, as a result of which the addition of primary radicals to the monomer is the rate-limiting step in the initiation reaction. This should lead, firstly, to termination of the growth radicals at the primary radicals, and secondly, to the increased rate order with respect to the monomer concentration and, accordingly, to a decrease in the polymerization rate with its consumption.
{"title":"On the Absence of Gel Effect in Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization of Ketene Acetals","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423600225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423600225","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>A new kinetic type of gel effect suppression in radical polymerization is described. Ring-opening polymerization of ketene acetals is characterized by auto-deceleration in the course of the reaction rather than the auto-acceleration, as well as increased reaction rate order with respect to the monomer. These features are caused by low reactivity of ketene acetals, as a result of which the addition of primary radicals to the monomer is the rate-limiting step in the initiation reaction. This should lead, firstly, to termination of the growth radicals at the primary radicals, and secondly, to the increased rate order with respect to the monomer concentration and, accordingly, to a decrease in the polymerization rate with its consumption.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1134/s1560090424600062
Abstract
This work addresses the development of methods for the synthesis of novel functional polymers from cyclooctene. Novel monomers containing toluenesulfonyl (tosyl) or methylsulfonyl (mesyl) groups in position 5, which are easily involved in the reaction of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution, are obtained. Novel homopolymers poly(5-toluenesulfonylcyclooctene) and poly(5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene) are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization mediated by Grubbs’s catalysts and characterized by NMR, GPC, and DSC methods. Multiblock copolymers with isolated functional groups are synthesized by interchain exchange cross-metathesis between polycyclooctene and poly(5-toluenesulfonylcyclooctene), and statistical copolymers are synthesized by the metathesis copolymerization of cyclooctene and 5-toluenesulfonyl- or 5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene. A procedure for grafting ethylene glycol and its monosubstituted derivatives onto poly(5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene) and poly(5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene) is developed and tested. This modification procedure renders it possible to reach a low degree of grafting due to the competing elimination of tosyl and mesyl functional groups leading to the formation of additional double carbon bonds in the polymer backbone.
{"title":"Synthesis of Novel 5-Toluenesulfonyl- and 5-Methylsulfonylcyclooctene Polymers and Their Cоpolymers with Cyclooctene","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1560090424600062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090424600062","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>This work addresses the development of methods for the synthesis of novel functional polymers from cyclooctene. Novel monomers containing toluenesulfonyl (tosyl) or methylsulfonyl (mesyl) groups in position 5, which are easily involved in the reaction of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution, are obtained. Novel homopolymers poly(5-toluenesulfonylcyclooctene) and poly(5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene) are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization mediated by Grubbs’s catalysts and characterized by NMR, GPC, and DSC methods. Multiblock copolymers with isolated functional groups are synthesized by interchain exchange cross-metathesis between polycyclooctene and poly(5-toluenesulfonylcyclooctene), and statistical copolymers are synthesized by the metathesis copolymerization of cyclooctene and 5-toluenesulfonyl- or 5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene. A procedure for grafting ethylene glycol and its monosubstituted derivatives onto poly(5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene) and poly(5-methylsulfonylcyclooctene) is developed and tested. This modification procedure renders it possible to reach a low degree of grafting due to the competing elimination of tosyl and mesyl functional groups leading to the formation of additional double carbon bonds in the polymer backbone.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.049,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140205734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423701270
Lin Liu, Xin Xu, Jing Wu, Lin Zhang, Jialiang Li, Xiaoyu Zeng
Abstract
Inspired by mussel heuristic chemistry, a novel method for improving surface wettability and adhesion of carbon fibers with epoxy resins was proposed by codepositing gallic acid and polyethylene imine on the carbon fiber surfaces in a convenient operation. The results of scanning electron microscopy, infrared, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectra revealed that gallic acid and polyethylene imine could undergo Michael addition or Schiff base reaction and codeposit on the carbon fiber surfaces successfully. The gallic acid-polyethylene imine codeposited carbon fibers were used to fabricate epoxy matrix composites. The results of mechanical tests showed that interlaminar shear strength, flexural modulus and strength of the gallic acid-polyethylene imine codeposited carbon fiber composite were increased by 27, 38, and 27% respectively, compared with those of the untreated carbon fiber composite. The conclusion can be drawn that the gallic acid-polyethylene imine codeposition is an effective method for improving interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites.
{"title":"Codeposition of Gallic Acid and Polyethylene Imine on Carbon Fiber Surfaces to Enhance Interfacial Properties of Epoxy Composites","authors":"Lin Liu, Xin Xu, Jing Wu, Lin Zhang, Jialiang Li, Xiaoyu Zeng","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423701270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423701270","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Inspired by mussel heuristic chemistry, a novel method for improving surface wettability and adhesion of carbon fibers with epoxy resins was proposed by codepositing gallic acid and polyethylene imine on the carbon fiber surfaces in a convenient operation. The results of scanning electron microscopy, infrared, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectra revealed that gallic acid and polyethylene imine could undergo Michael addition or Schiff base reaction and codeposit on the carbon fiber surfaces successfully. The gallic acid-polyethylene imine codeposited carbon fibers were used to fabricate epoxy matrix composites. The results of mechanical tests showed that interlaminar shear strength, flexural modulus and strength of the gallic acid-polyethylene imine codeposited carbon fiber composite were increased by 27, 38, and 27% respectively, compared with those of the untreated carbon fiber composite. The conclusion can be drawn that the gallic acid-polyethylene imine codeposition is an effective method for improving interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138538919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423701257
Yu. A. Egorov, G. N. Bondarenko, M. I. Vinogradov, V. G. Kulichikhin
Abstract
Composite fibers containing boron(III) have been obtained based on solid solutions of cellulose in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide and orthoboric acid with their subsequent transformation into a viscous-flow state. The rheological behavior of cellulose solutions with different content of orthoboric acid and water studied under conditions of continuous and dynamic shear loading has confirmed the intermolecular interaction between the components. It has been shown that the mechanical characteristics of the composite fibers obtained from a 16% solution in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide are comparable to these for hydrated cellulose fibers. The process of transformation of the composite fibers of various compositions into carbon fiber has been investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Chemical, structural and morphological properties of composite hydrated cellulose fibers and carbon fibers obtained from them have been studied using FTIR-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The influence of boron(III) compounds on the carbonization process and the formation of graphite-like structures in carbon fiber has been investigated by Raman-spectroscopy.
摘要以纤维素为固溶体，在n -甲基- n -氧化物和正硼酸中转化为粘流状态，制备了含硼(III)复合纤维。研究了不同含量的正硼酸和水对纤维素溶液在连续和动态剪切载荷下的流变行为，证实了组分之间的分子间相互作用。研究表明，在16%的n -甲基morpholine- n -oxide溶液中获得的复合纤维的力学特性与水合纤维素纤维的力学特性相当。采用热重分析和差示扫描量热法研究了不同成分的复合纤维向碳纤维转化的过程。利用傅里叶红外光谱、x射线衍射和扫描电镜研究了复合水合纤维素纤维和碳纤维的化学、结构和形态特性。采用拉曼光谱法研究了硼(III)化合物对碳纤维炭化过程和类石墨结构形成的影响。
{"title":"Boron(III)-Containing Composite Hydrated Cellulose Fibers As Precursors of Carbon Materials","authors":"Yu. A. Egorov, G. N. Bondarenko, M. I. Vinogradov, V. G. Kulichikhin","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423701257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423701257","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Composite fibers containing boron(III) have been obtained based on solid solutions of cellulose in <i>N</i>-methylmorpholine-<i>N</i>-oxide and orthoboric acid with their subsequent transformation into a viscous-flow state. The rheological behavior of cellulose solutions with different content of orthoboric acid and water studied under conditions of continuous and dynamic shear loading has confirmed the intermolecular interaction between the components. It has been shown that the mechanical characteristics of the composite fibers obtained from a 16% solution in <i>N</i>-methylmorpholine-<i>N</i>-oxide are comparable to these for hydrated cellulose fibers. The process of transformation of the composite fibers of various compositions into carbon fiber has been investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Chemical, structural and morphological properties of composite hydrated cellulose fibers and carbon fibers obtained from them have been studied using FTIR-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The influence of boron(III) compounds on the carbonization process and the formation of graphite-like structures in carbon fiber has been investigated by Raman-spectroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138538916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423701269
V. A. Gerasin, M. V. Zhurina, V. V. Kurenkov, D. I. Mendeleev, D. E. Ochenkov, K. K. Htoo Myat
Abstract
The possibility of using organomineral complexes of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride as a functional additive for a waterborne paint based on polyvinyl acetate has been investigated. Organomineral complexes containing 20 and 30 wt % guanidine polymer have been obtained, with intercalation of polyguanidine chains into the interlayer space of montmorillonite being observed. It has been revealed that the stability of the polymer film to water is retained when organomineral complexes are introduced into a polyvinyl acetate dispersion, whereas the water resistance of the film sharply decreases when free polyguanidine is added. There was no significant influence of organomineral complexes on the rheological characteristics of the dispersion and its sedimentation stability. Testing of waterborne paints with various additives has shown that introduction of organomineral complexes into the material prevents the coating from fouling by biofilms of gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Rhodococcus erythropolis, with the hardness, water resistance, and water-vapor transmission of the coatings being retained at a satisfactory level.
{"title":"Prospects for Application of Guanidine-Containing Organomineral Complexes as Biocidal Functional Additives for Waterborne Polymer Materials","authors":"V. A. Gerasin, M. V. Zhurina, V. V. Kurenkov, D. I. Mendeleev, D. E. Ochenkov, K. K. Htoo Myat","doi":"10.1134/s1560090423701269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1560090423701269","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The possibility of using organomineral complexes of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride as a functional additive for a waterborne paint based on polyvinyl acetate has been investigated. Organomineral complexes containing 20 and 30 wt % guanidine polymer have been obtained, with intercalation of polyguanidine chains into the interlayer space of montmorillonite being observed. It has been revealed that the stability of the polymer film to water is retained when organomineral complexes are introduced into a polyvinyl acetate dispersion, whereas the water resistance of the film sharply decreases when free polyguanidine is added. There was no significant influence of organomineral complexes on the rheological characteristics of the dispersion and its sedimentation stability. Testing of waterborne paints with various additives has shown that introduction of organomineral complexes into the material prevents the coating from fouling by biofilms of gram-positive bacteria <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i>, with the hardness, water resistance, and water-vapor transmission of the coatings being retained at a satisfactory level.</p>","PeriodicalId":739,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138538917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-20DOI: 10.1134/s1560090423701233
Xueping Dong, Yikun Zhao, Zhen Zhao, Xintao Zhang
Abstract
Articular cartilage (AC) defects may be caused by injury or osteochondral pathology, which is a major risk factor for catastrophic degenerative arthritis. Currently, AC defects are a serious concern for patients because clinical treatments are not satisfactory. Owing to the limited self-healing ability of AC, the proliferation and chondrogenesis of seed cells are necessary for cartilage tissue regeneration. To treat AC defects, growth factors are required to regulate the behavior of seed cells for optimal therapeutic effects. Considering these issues, injectable hydrogels are suitable for both the repair and regeneration of AC because of their unique structural and functional features. After literature search and analysis, we introduced several gelation methods for injectable hydrogels. We then highlighted the biomedical applications of injectable hydrogels in the field of AC tissue engineering, with an emphasis on composite hydrogels, cell therapy, and carrier delivery. Finally, the achievements and challenges of injectable hydrogels for AC repair and regeneration were discussed based on previous studies. The summarized developments help to understand injectable hydrogels in the field of cartilage tissue engineering.
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